EP0585432B1 - Dispositif de filtration pour eliminer les particules de suie des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents
Dispositif de filtration pour eliminer les particules de suie des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0585432B1 EP0585432B1 EP93905339A EP93905339A EP0585432B1 EP 0585432 B1 EP0585432 B1 EP 0585432B1 EP 93905339 A EP93905339 A EP 93905339A EP 93905339 A EP93905339 A EP 93905339A EP 0585432 B1 EP0585432 B1 EP 0585432B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- heating
- heating loops
- loops
- channels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/10—Residue burned
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a filter arrangement for removing soot particles from exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Exhaust aftertreatment systems are known for reducing particle emissions, particularly in diesel engines. These usually consist of filter systems that retain and collect the particles present in the exhaust gas. The soot particles retained in the filter increase the flow resistance in the exhaust system, which increases the exhaust gas back pressure of the engine. This leads to an increase in fuel consumption and, in extreme cases, to engine shutdown. It is therefore necessary to remove the soot particles deposited in the filter, which can be done, for example, by oxidation at high temperatures.
- honeycomb filters made of a porous ceramic material have proven to be expedient as filter bodies for the retention of the soot particles.
- These honeycomb filters are formed by a large number of parallel filter channels, which are alternately closed on the gas inlet side and gas outlet side, so that the exhaust gases flow through the porous filter walls and the soot particles separate on the walls of the filter channels.
- For Regeneration of the filter it is possible, for example, to increase the exhaust gas temperature to such an extent that the ignition temperature of the soot particles attached to the walls of the filter channels is reached and burn them. The temperatures required for this are not reached in the required frequency, at least in vehicle diesel engines, so that regeneration is not ensured.
- Additional engine measures to increase the exhaust gas temperature can also be associated with a considerable increase in fuel consumption.
- the use of additional energy, for example by additional burners to increase the exhaust gas temperature requires high performance and thus leads to an increase in the vehicle's energy consumption.
- Energy-efficient regeneration can be achieved if the soot layer deposited on the filter body is ignited selectively by a brief supply of energy in the inlet area of the filter channels. The energy release during the soot combustion that then begins can lead to self-supporting soot combustion, since the heat released is greater than the heat dissipated.
- resistance heating elements are provided on the inlet-side end face of the filter body, each with a supply line and a discharge line, which form heating zones for adjacent end face regions.
- the size of the heating zone acted upon by the respective resistance heating element is determined by the electrical resistance of the heating element required for the heat release for a given wire cross-section and given wire material and the power of the existing power supply, in particular the existing vehicle alternator.
- the division of the end face of the filter body into a corresponding number of heating zones enables practically all filter channels in the area heat their inlet opening despite the limitation of the available electrical power. This takes place in that the individual resistance heating elements are switched on and off again in succession via a switching device, so that the soot deposits in the filter channels of each heating zone are continuously burned off in a corresponding cycle.
- the resistance heating elements are formed from at least one meandering wire, the loops of which are each inserted into an inlet opening of the filter channel.
- the free ends of the meander are each connected via a connecting element to a feed line or discharge line which is guided at a distance over the end face of the filter body.
- a connecting element to a feed line or discharge line which is guided at a distance over the end face of the filter body.
- the invention has for its object to reliably prevent migration of the heating loops without additional brackets with low construction costs.
- the object is achieved by the means of claim 1. Due to the positive connection provided according to the invention between the heating loops on the one hand and the walls of the filter channels of the filter body, on the other hand, the resistance heating elements are properly and reliably fixed to the filter body without additional fastening elements being required for this.
- the flanks of heating loops are fixed by grooves in the filter channel and corresponding bulges of the heating loops in the area of their flanks. It can also be provided that the heating loops are fixed by grooves in the area of the filter face and corresponding bulges of the heating loops in the area of their flanks.
- a further advantageous embodiment provides that the heating loops have barbs which inhibit the outward movement of the heating loops, and these barbs can be produced by appropriately bending the heating wire. It can also be advantageous that the roughness of the heating wire and / or the filter material is such that an outward movement of the heating loops is inhibited.
- the filter material and the heating loops are positively connected by heating the heating conductor to the melting temperature of the ceramic material of the filter body.
- the resistance heating element of a filter arrangement consists of a meandering heating conductor 1, the flanks 2 of which dip into the inlet opening of filter channels 5 of a filter body 6 designed as a honeycomb filter.
- the flanks 2 are connected on the filter face or in the channel by cross connections 3, 4.
- the exhaust gas flow flows through the filter channels 5 in the direction of arrow 7.
- the heating conductor is shaped in such a way that no force can form on the filter face on the filter wall in the event of thermal expansion of the loops or in the event of vibrations.
- barbs 8 are incorporated into the flanks 2 of the heating conductor 1. This has the effect that when the heating conductor 1 is stretched by electrical heating, the heating conductor 1 can migrate into the filter channel 5 in the direction of the exhaust gas flow 7. During the subsequent cooling, the length of the heating conductor 1 is shortened, and the barbs 8 pull the upper conductor region into the wall of the filter channel 5, so that an outward movement of the heating conductor 1 is prevented.
- barbs 8 into the wire material can e.g. 3 by upsetting or knurling. It is also possible to incorporate micro scales using special surface processing.
- micro scale structure 10 into the ceramic material 9 of the filter channel 5. This can be achieved by special shaping of the surface of the mouthpiece of the extrusion machine. It is also possible to introduce the micro scales by means of special particles which are added to the ceramic mass during the extrusion and which are washed out or melted out after the extrusion. During extrusion, these additional particles align on the surface in the direction of extrusion and thus generate the micro scales.
- surface treatment of the heating conductor or the filter wall can produce a friction pairing which has a higher coefficient of friction in the direction of the filter face than in the immersion direction.
- the frictional resistance of the filter material is e.g. influenced by special surface treatment of the extrusion tool.
- the frictional resistance of the wire material is adjusted by applying barbs or using a suitable surface treatment (e.g. knurling).
- the ceramic wall in the contact area with the heating conductor is adapted to its shape, so that positive connections are formed in the area of the barbs and the meander is fixed.
- the channel cross section of the filter inlet channel 5 is narrowed on the inlet side by compressing the ceramic material before firing.
- the shape of the heating conductor 11 is adapted to the shape of the filter wall.
- the narrowing of the channel in the area of the filter face can e.g. by plastic deformation of the extruded filter blank before the actual firing process.
- the heating conductor 11 is given a shape corresponding to the constriction in the region of the flank, as a result of which an additional force counteracts the migration of the heating conductor 11.
- the flank 2 of the Heating conductor 12 additionally incorporated into the wall of the filter channel 5 by heating or vibration.
- the meandering shape receives an additional nose 13 in the area of the loop on the filter inlet side.
- the nose 13 of the flank 2 lies in a recess 14 in the channel wall. This prevents the meander from migrating.
- the nose 13 of the flank 2 is bent such that the resistance to an outward movement of the heating loop out of the filter channel 5 is higher than the resistance against the heating loop being pushed into the filter channel 5. This is advantageous achieved a particularly secure locking of the heating loop.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Claims (8)
- Dispositif de filtration pour éliminer les particules de calamine des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne notamment d'un moteur Diesel, comprenant au moins un corps filtrant (6) en une matière filtrante poreuse qui est formé par des canaux de filtration (5) disposés les uns par rapport aux autres en forme de nids d'abeilles, sachant que dans la zone de l'orifice d'entrée des canaux de filtration (5) ouverts du côté de l'arrivée des gaz est disposé un élément chauffant à résistance (1) ayant la forme de boucles de chauffage et associé à plusieurs orifices d'entrée, qui plonge dans les canaux de filtration (5) et est relié à une source de courant par le biais d'une ligne d'alimentation et d'une ligne de dérivation, caractérisé en ce que les boucles de chauffage sont reliées par engagement positif aux parois des canaux de filtration (5), sachant que la surface des canaux de filtration (5), d'une part, et les boucles de chauffage des éléments chauffants (1) plongeant dans les canaux de filtration (5), d'autre part, sont réalisées de telle manière que la résistance opposée à un mouvement sortant des boucles de chauffage hors du canal de filtration (5) est au moins aussi grande que la résistance opposée à la pénétration des boucles de chauffage dans le canal de filtration (5).
- Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale des canaux de filtration (5) est rétrécie du côté de l'entrée.
- Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les flancs (2) des boucles de chauffage sont fixés par des rainures (14) dans le canal de filtration (5) et par des saillies correspondantes (13) des boucles de chauffage dans la zone de leurs flancs (2).
- Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les boucles de chauffage sont fixées par des rainures dans la zone d'entrée des canaux de filtration (5) et par des saillies correspondantes (13) des boucles de chauffage dans la zone de leurs flancs (2).
- Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les boucles de chauffage présentent des barbes (8) les empêchant d'effectuer un mouvement sortant.
- Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les barbes (8) sont réalisées en pliant le conducteur chauffant.
- Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la rugosité de la surface du conducteur chauffant (1), d'une part, et la rugosité de la matière filtrante, d'autre part, sont de nature à empêcher la boucle de chauffage d'effectuer un mouvement vers l'extérieur, à la manière d'une immobilisation par engagement positif.
- Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière filtrante et les boucles de chauffage sont reliées entre elles par engagement positif en chauffant le conducteur chauffant à la température de fusion de la céramique qui compose le corps filtrant.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4209213A DE4209213A1 (de) | 1992-03-21 | 1992-03-21 | Filteranordnung zum entfernen von russpartikeln aus abgasen einer verbrennungskraftmaschine |
DE4209213 | 1992-03-21 | ||
PCT/EP1993/000553 WO1993019288A1 (fr) | 1992-03-21 | 1993-03-11 | Dispositif de filtration pour eliminer les particules de suie des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0585432A1 EP0585432A1 (fr) | 1994-03-09 |
EP0585432B1 true EP0585432B1 (fr) | 1996-02-14 |
Family
ID=6454684
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93905339A Expired - Lifetime EP0585432B1 (fr) | 1992-03-21 | 1993-03-11 | Dispositif de filtration pour eliminer les particules de suie des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5472462A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0585432B1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4209213A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1993019288A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5470364A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1995-11-28 | Pall Corporation | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter |
US5457945A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1995-10-17 | Pall Corporation | Regenerable diesel exhaust filter and heater |
US5766458A (en) * | 1993-03-12 | 1998-06-16 | Micropyretics Heaters International, Inc. | Modulated and regenerative ceramic filter with insitu heating element |
US6068010A (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 2000-05-30 | Marotta Scientific Controls, Inc. | Microvalve and microthruster for satellites and methods of making and using the same |
DE19938686A1 (de) | 1999-08-14 | 2001-02-15 | Volkswagen Ag | Katalysator zur Reinigung eines Abgases einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
US6540816B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2003-04-01 | Fleetguard, Inc. | Regenerable filter with localized and efficient heating |
DE10300717A1 (de) * | 2003-01-08 | 2004-07-22 | E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH | Halterung für einen dünnen Rohrheizkörper in einem Filter |
AT6784U3 (de) * | 2004-01-13 | 2004-09-27 | Friedrich J Dipl Ing Zucker | Abgasfilter |
US7931715B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2011-04-26 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | DPF heater attachment mechanisms |
US7862635B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2011-01-04 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Shielded regeneration heating element for a particulate filter |
US8763378B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2014-07-01 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electrically heated particulate filter embedded heater design |
US20100095657A1 (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-04-22 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Electrically heated diesel particulate filter (dpf) |
US8584445B2 (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2013-11-19 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and system for controlling an electrically heated particulate filter |
US8950177B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2015-02-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Detecting particulate matter load density within a particulate filter |
US8341945B2 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2013-01-01 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electrically heated particulate filter |
US8479496B2 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2013-07-09 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Selective catalytic reduction system using electrically heated catalyst |
US8443590B2 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2013-05-21 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Reduced volume electrically heated particulate filter |
US8475574B2 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2013-07-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electric heater and control system and method for electrically heated particulate filters |
US8511069B2 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2013-08-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Systems and methods for layered regeneration of a particulate matter filter |
FR3065029B1 (fr) | 2017-04-07 | 2019-06-21 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Dispositif de purification de gaz d'echappement, procede de pilotage correspondant |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4512786A (en) * | 1982-04-21 | 1985-04-23 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Exhaust gas purifying device |
JPS58199018A (ja) * | 1982-05-18 | 1983-11-19 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 電気的加熱手段を有する排気ガス微粒子浄化装置 |
JPS5928010A (ja) * | 1982-08-05 | 1984-02-14 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 排気ガス浄化用構造物 |
DE3608801A1 (de) * | 1986-03-15 | 1987-09-17 | Fev Forsch Energietech Verbr | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regeneration von partikelfiltersystemen |
DE3712333A1 (de) * | 1987-04-11 | 1988-10-20 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | Regenerierbare filteranordnung zum entfernen von russpartikeln aus abgasen |
DE3803100A1 (de) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-08-17 | Gillet Heinrich Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum regenerieren von russfiltern |
DE3830977A1 (de) * | 1988-09-12 | 1990-03-15 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | Filteranordnung zum entfernen von russpartikeln aus abgasen einer verbrennungskraftmaschine |
US4975009A (en) * | 1989-05-24 | 1990-12-04 | Easton John T | Bolt and wedge assembly for panel units |
JPH04179818A (ja) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-06-26 | Nippon Soken Inc | 排気ガス微粒子浄化装置 |
-
1992
- 1992-03-21 DE DE4209213A patent/DE4209213A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-03-11 DE DE59301627T patent/DE59301627D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-11 WO PCT/EP1993/000553 patent/WO1993019288A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1993-03-11 US US08/142,434 patent/US5472462A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-11 EP EP93905339A patent/EP0585432B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59301627D1 (de) | 1996-03-28 |
DE4209213A1 (de) | 1993-09-23 |
US5472462A (en) | 1995-12-05 |
EP0585432A1 (fr) | 1994-03-09 |
WO1993019288A1 (fr) | 1993-09-30 |
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