EP0585196B1 - Casing of a carding machine - Google Patents

Casing of a carding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0585196B1
EP0585196B1 EP93810468A EP93810468A EP0585196B1 EP 0585196 B1 EP0585196 B1 EP 0585196B1 EP 93810468 A EP93810468 A EP 93810468A EP 93810468 A EP93810468 A EP 93810468A EP 0585196 B1 EP0585196 B1 EP 0585196B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
suction
openings
per
card
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93810468A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0585196A1 (en
Inventor
Jürg Faas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Publication of EP0585196A1 publication Critical patent/EP0585196A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/76—Stripping or cleaning carding surfaces; Maintaining cleanliness of carding area
    • D01G15/82—Arrangements for confining or removing dust, fly or the like
    • D01G15/825—Arrangements for confining or removing dust, fly or the like by suction or blowing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a jacket of a card according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the cards of the current design are surrounded by a sheathing which is required on the one hand for safety-related regulations and on the other hand for conditions of air pollution control.
  • suction devices are provided within the casing, which generate a certain negative pressure in the card's encased space. This removes the fiber parts, shell parts and other dirt parts.
  • suction openings are provided in the sheathing for this purpose.
  • the C4 / 1 card from RIETER for example, had many small openings (each approx. 10 x 25 mm) within a predetermined "zone" of the casing.
  • the total suction area offered through these openings was approximately 0.12 m 2.
  • Such a suction area results in a high flow speed for the effective removal of air and dirt, because of the large suction effect, the smaller cracks and openings in the casing would have to be sealed in order to prevent the sucking in of false air as far as possible.
  • the high flow rate has the side effect that flight and Dust particles from the area surrounding the card (from the spinning room) into the encased space of the card. But it is not practical possible to ensure that all of the particles that have been carried into the extraction system arrive, i.e. the interior of the sheathing flies over time or dirty. In order to remedy this, the suction surfaces were covered with a Filter cloth covered, but this still causes the effective suction area is further reduced and gradually clogged. If the cloth is not regular is replaced or cleaned, the suction device of the carding air must also through the "sealed" openings, which the ones already mentioned Problems (high flow velocities, deposits within the Sheathing) multiplied.
  • the invention now has the task of supplying air to the suction of a coated card to improve such that the requirements on the Sealing or regular cleaning of a filter cloth is essential can be reduced.
  • the invention has the essential advantage that the speed of the air flows on or within the card are significantly lower, so that the Sealing of the casing no longer matters. Since the intake air with flows into the casing at a much lower speed, the floating parts such as flying fibers etc. only become a very small one Part and therefore sucked in with a significantly lower volume flow density, so that in many cases the filter cloth in front of the suction openings is not required can, for example, if the spinning room has a sufficient cleanliness having.
  • the jacket 1 of a card is just very schematically drawn in side view, without observing the right standards.
  • the feed table is on the right 2 and on the left side the card sliver outlet 3 evident.
  • the drawn side of the casing 1 exists from two doors 4 and 5, which are indicated by dashed lines Carding machine with drum 6, feed roller 7 and briseur 8.
  • FIG. 2 the same reference numerals are used for the same elements as in Figure 1.
  • the drum 6 is indicated with its axis of rotation shown in broken lines.
  • the intake air represented by arrows 12 is sucked through the intake openings 9 and 10 into the intake pipes 13 of an L-shaped channel 14 known from EP-A-0 340 458.
  • the spatial arrangement of the suction device 15 can also be effective centrally (not shown here) and thus simultaneously for several cards. However, this is not important for the present invention.
  • the suction openings 9 and 10 (FIG.
  • Figure 3 shows the suction opening 9 or 10 with the border 16 and the bars 11, of which only two are shown here.
  • the bars 11 have a U-shaped profile and are directed with the legs of the U inwards.
  • the U-profile is chamfered or rounded at the edges 17 in order to prevent fibers from getting caught and thus the suction openings being covered over time. This creates a kind of self-cleaning effect.
  • the border 16 is also flanged inwards and, for the reason mentioned, also has a beveled or rounded edge 18.
  • the distance a between the outer sides of the legs of the U-shaped lattice bar 11 is between 10 and 40 mm, preferably about 20 mm.
  • the distance b between two bars 11, again measured between the outside of the legs, is at most 40 mm and is preferably about 20 mm.
  • the lattice bars 11 are designed as a continuous lattice, which is installed in the suction openings 9 and 10 from the inside of the casing. This prevents the bars 11 from being removed from the outside without opening the otherwise locked doors 4 and 5. Furthermore, if necessary, a filter cloth can be clamped between the grid formed from the grid bars 11 and the border of the suction openings 9 and 10.
  • the effective suction area of the suction openings 9 and 10 is the area formed by the suction openings 9 and 10 minus the area covered by the bars 11.
  • the effective suction area of the suction openings 9 and 10 must be at least 0.4 m 2, preferably at least 0.5 m 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ummantelung einer Karde nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a jacket of a card according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Es ist allgemein bekannt, dass die Karden der heutigen Bauart mit einer Ummantelung umgeben sind, welche einerseits aus sicherheitstechnischen Vorschriften und andererseits aus Bedingungen der Luftreinhaltung erforderlich sind. Um den beim Kardieren entstehenden Flug, Schalenteile und sonstigen Schmutzteile wirksam zu entfernen sind innerhalb der Ummantelung Absaugeinrichtungen vorgesehen, die einen gewissen Unterdruck im ummantelten Raum der Karde erzeugen. Dadurch werden die Faserteile, Schalenteile und sonstigen Schmutzteile abgesaugt. Dazu sind bei heute bekannten Karden, wie beispielsweise die C4/1 der Firma RIETER, in der Ummantelung Ansaugöffnungen vorgesehen. Die C4/1 Karde der Firma RIETER hat z.B. viele kleine Öffnungen (je ca. 10x25 mm) innerhalb einer vorbestimmten ,,Zone" der Ummantelung gehabt. Insgesamt betrug die durch diese Öffnungen angebotene Ansaugfläche ca. 0,12 m2. Eine solche Ansaugfläche ergibt, bei der für das wirksame Enffernen von Flug und Schmutz erforderlichen Luftströmung, eine hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit. Wegen der grossen Ansaugwirkung müssten dazu die kleineren Ritzen und Öffnungen in der Ummantelung abgedichtet werden, um das Ansaugen von Falschluft möglichst zu unterbinden.It is generally known that the cards of the current design are surrounded by a sheathing which is required on the one hand for safety-related regulations and on the other hand for conditions of air pollution control. In order to effectively remove the flight, shell parts and other dirt parts that occur during carding, suction devices are provided within the casing, which generate a certain negative pressure in the card's encased space. This removes the fiber parts, shell parts and other dirt parts. In the case of cards known today, such as the C4 / 1 from RIETER, suction openings are provided in the sheathing for this purpose. The C4 / 1 card from RIETER, for example, had many small openings (each approx. 10 x 25 mm) within a predetermined "zone" of the casing. The total suction area offered through these openings was approximately 0.12 m 2. Such a suction area results in a high flow speed for the effective removal of air and dirt, because of the large suction effect, the smaller cracks and openings in the casing would have to be sealed in order to prevent the sucking in of false air as far as possible.

Die hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit hat die Nebenwirkung, dass Flug- und Staubpartikel aus der Umgebung der Karde (aus dem Spinnereisaal) in den ummantelten Raum der Karde mitverfrachtet werden. Es ist aber nicht praktisch möglich, abzusichern, dass sämtliche mitverfrachtete Partikel in die Absaugung gelangen, d.h. der Innenraum der Ummantelung wird mit der Zeit verflugt bzw. verschmutzt. Um hier Abhilfe zu schaffen, wurden die Ansaugflächen mit einem Filtertuch abgedeckt, was aber bewirkt, dass die effektive Ansaugfläche noch weiter reduziert und allmählich verstopft wird. Wenn das Tuch nicht regelmässig ersetzt, bzw. gereinigt wird, muss die Absaugeinrichtung der Karde Luft auch durch die,,abgedichteten" Öffnungen anziehen, was die schon erwähnten Probleme (hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten, Ablagerungen innerhalb der Ummantelung) vervielfacht.The high flow rate has the side effect that flight and Dust particles from the area surrounding the card (from the spinning room) into the encased space of the card. But it is not practical possible to ensure that all of the particles that have been carried into the extraction system arrive, i.e. the interior of the sheathing flies over time or dirty. In order to remedy this, the suction surfaces were covered with a Filter cloth covered, but this still causes the effective suction area is further reduced and gradually clogged. If the cloth is not regular is replaced or cleaned, the suction device of the carding air must also through the "sealed" openings, which the ones already mentioned Problems (high flow velocities, deposits within the Sheathing) multiplied.

Die Erfindung stellt sich nun die Aufgabe, die Luftzufuhr an die Absaugung einer ummantelten Karde derart zu verbessern, dass die Anforderungen an die Abdichtung bzw. an die regelmässige Reinigung eines Filtertuchs wesentlich verringert werden können.The invention now has the task of supplying air to the suction of a coated card to improve such that the requirements on the Sealing or regular cleaning of a filter cloth is essential can be reduced.

Diese Aufgabe bei einer gattungsgemässen Ummantelung einer Karde wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This task with a generic sheathing a card solved by the features of claim 1.

Die Erfindung hat den wesentlichen Vorteil, dass die Geschwindigkeit der Luftströmungen an bzw. innerhalb der Karde massgeblich geringer sind, so dass die Abdichtung der Ummantelung nicht mehr ins Gewicht fällt. Da die Ansaugluft mit einer wesentlich geringeren Geschwindigkeit in die Ummantelung hineinströmt, werden die Schwebeteile wie Flugfasern usw. nur noch zu einem sehr kleinen Teil und dadurch mit einer bedeutend geringeren Volumenstromdichte angesaugt, so dass in vielen Fällen das Filtertuch vor den Ansaugöffnungen entfallen kann, beispielsweise dann, wenn der Spinnereisaal eine genügende Sauberkeit aufweist.The invention has the essential advantage that the speed of the air flows on or within the card are significantly lower, so that the Sealing of the casing no longer matters. Since the intake air with flows into the casing at a much lower speed, the floating parts such as flying fibers etc. only become a very small one Part and therefore sucked in with a significantly lower volume flow density, so that in many cases the filter cloth in front of the suction openings is not required can, for example, if the spinning room has a sufficient cleanliness having.

Weitere Vorteile folgen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in welcher die Erfindung anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert wird.Further advantages follow from the description below, in which the Invention based on an embodiment shown in the drawings is explained in more detail.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Seitenansicht der Ummantelung einer Karde,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Obenanschicht (Querschnitt) der Ummantelung in Fig. 1, und
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch eine Ansaugöffnung mit Gitterstäben.
It shows:
Fig. 1
1 shows a schematic representation of a side view of the casing of a card,
Fig. 2
a schematic top layer (cross section) of the casing in Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3
a cross section through a suction opening with bars.

In Figur 1 ist die Ummantelung 1 einer Karde bloss sehr schematisch in Seitenansicht gezeichnet, ohne Einhaltung der richtigen Maßstäbe. Auf der rechten Seite ist der Einzugstisch 2 und auf der linken Seite der Kardenbandauslauf 3 ersichtlich. Die gezeichnete Seite der Ummantelung 1 besteht aus zwei Türen 4 und 5, die die gestrichelt angedeutete Karde mit Tambour 6, Einzugswalze 7 und Briseur 8 abdeckt. In den beiden Türen 4 und 5 sind rechteckige Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 vorgesehen, die mit Gitterstäben 11 versehen sind.In Figure 1, the jacket 1 of a card is just very schematically drawn in side view, without observing the right standards. The feed table is on the right 2 and on the left side the card sliver outlet 3 evident. The drawn side of the casing 1 exists from two doors 4 and 5, which are indicated by dashed lines Carding machine with drum 6, feed roller 7 and briseur 8. In the two doors 4 and 5 there are rectangular suction openings 9 and 10 are provided, which are provided with bars 11.

In Figur 2 sind für dieselben Elemente dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet wie in Figur 1. Der Tambour 6 ist mit seiner gestrichelt dargestellten Drehachse angedeutet. Die mit Pfeilen 12 dargestellte Ansaugluft wird durch die Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 in die Saugrohre 13 eines aus EP-A-0 340 458 bekannten L-förmigen Kanals 14 hineingesogen. Hinter diesem Kanal 14 ist eine Absaugeinrichtung 15 typischerweise mit einer Absaugleistung von 0,5 bis 1,2 m3/s, insbesondere 0,6 bis 0,9 m3/s, angeordnet. Die räumliche Anordnung der Absaugeinrichtung 15 kann auch zentral (hier nicht dargestellt) und somit für mehrere Karden gleichzeitig wirksam sein. Dies ist für die vorliegende Erfindung jedoch nicht von Belang. Die Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 (Fig. 1) sind nun möglichst in unmittelbarer Nähe der Ansaugstellen der Saugrohre 13 angeordnet, um die Luftströmungen innerhalb der Karde möglichst gering zu halten. Unkontrollierte Luftströmungen innerhalb der Ummantelung einer Karde können nämlich zu unerwünschten Verfrachtungen von Fasern und Staub und damit zur Verschmutzung des Inneren der Maschine führen. In Figure 2, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements as in Figure 1. The drum 6 is indicated with its axis of rotation shown in broken lines. The intake air represented by arrows 12 is sucked through the intake openings 9 and 10 into the intake pipes 13 of an L-shaped channel 14 known from EP-A-0 340 458. A suction device 15, typically with a suction power of 0.5 to 1.2 m 3 / s, in particular 0.6 to 0.9 m 3 / s, is arranged behind this channel 14. The spatial arrangement of the suction device 15 can also be effective centrally (not shown here) and thus simultaneously for several cards. However, this is not important for the present invention. The suction openings 9 and 10 (FIG. 1) are now arranged as close as possible to the suction points of the suction pipes 13 in order to keep the air flows within the card as low as possible. Uncontrolled air currents within the jacket of a card can lead to undesirable loads of fibers and dust and thus to contamination of the interior of the machine.

Figur 3 zeigt die Ansaugöffnung 9 oder 10 mit der Umrandung 16 und den Gitterstäben 11, von denen hier nur zwei dargestellt sind. In Wirklichkeit sind eine Vielzahl davon vorhanden. Wie ersichtlich haben die Gitterstäbe 11 ein U-förmiges Profil und sind mit den Beinen des U's nach innen gerichtet. Das U-Profil ist an den Rändern 17 abgekantet oder abgerundet, um zu verhindern, dass Fasern hängenbleiben und somit mit der Zeit die Ansaugöffnungen zugedeckt werden. Dadurch wird eine Art Selbstreinigungseffekt erzeugt. Die Umrandung 16 ist ebenfalls nach innen gebördelt und besitzt aus genanntem Grund auch einen abgekanteten oder abgerundeten Rand 18. Der Abstand a zwischen den Aussenseiten der Beine des U-förmigen Gitterstabs 11 beträgt zwischen 10 und 40 mm, vorzugsweise etwa 20 mm. Der Abstand b zwischen zwei Gitterstäben 11 beträgt, auch wieder gemessen zwischen den Aussenseiten der Beine, höchstens 40 mm und ist vorzugsweise etwa 20 mm. Die Gitterstäben 11 sind als zusammenhängendes Gitter ausgebildet, welches von der Innenseite der Ummantelung her in die Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 montiert wird. Somit verhindert man, dass die Gitterstäbe 11 von aussen entfernt werden können, ohne die sonst verriegelten Türen 4 und 5 zu öffnen. Ferner kann im Bedarfsfall jeweils ein Filtertuch zwischen dem aus den Gitterstäben 11 gebildeten Gitter und der Umrandung der Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 eingespannt werden. Die effektive Ansaugfläche der Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 ist die durch die Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 gebildete Fläche abzüglich der von den Gitterstäben 11 abgedeckten Fläche. Um die wesentlich geringere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der angesaugten Luft von maximal 0,3 bis 0,8 m/s, vorzugsweise maximal 0,5 m/s, zu erhalten, die ausserhalb der Ummantelung 1 und in der Nähe der Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 gemessen wird, muss die effektive Ansaugfläche der Ansaugöffnungen 9 und 10 mindestens 0,4 m2 vorzugsweise mindestens 0,5 m2 betragen.Figure 3 shows the suction opening 9 or 10 with the border 16 and the bars 11, of which only two are shown here. In reality there are many of them. As can be seen, the bars 11 have a U-shaped profile and are directed with the legs of the U inwards. The U-profile is chamfered or rounded at the edges 17 in order to prevent fibers from getting caught and thus the suction openings being covered over time. This creates a kind of self-cleaning effect. The border 16 is also flanged inwards and, for the reason mentioned, also has a beveled or rounded edge 18. The distance a between the outer sides of the legs of the U-shaped lattice bar 11 is between 10 and 40 mm, preferably about 20 mm. The distance b between two bars 11, again measured between the outside of the legs, is at most 40 mm and is preferably about 20 mm. The lattice bars 11 are designed as a continuous lattice, which is installed in the suction openings 9 and 10 from the inside of the casing. This prevents the bars 11 from being removed from the outside without opening the otherwise locked doors 4 and 5. Furthermore, if necessary, a filter cloth can be clamped between the grid formed from the grid bars 11 and the border of the suction openings 9 and 10. The effective suction area of the suction openings 9 and 10 is the area formed by the suction openings 9 and 10 minus the area covered by the bars 11. In order to obtain the significantly lower flow velocity of the intake air of a maximum of 0.3 to 0.8 m / s, preferably a maximum of 0.5 m / s, which is measured outside the casing 1 and in the vicinity of the intake openings 9 and 10, the effective suction area of the suction openings 9 and 10 must be at least 0.4 m 2, preferably at least 0.5 m 2 .

Claims (10)

  1. A casing (1) of a card, which is connected with a suction device (15) for the effective removal of fibre fly, trash particles, textile fibres and other dirt particles released during the carding, with openings being provided at designated positions in the casing for sucking in the conveying air carried off by the suction device (15), characterized in that the effective suction area of all suction openings (9, 10) in the casing is at least 0.4 m2, preferably 0.5 m2.
  2. A casing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the suction flow measured outside of the casing (1) in the proximity of the suction openings (9, 10) is less than 0.8 m per second at a suction capacity of the suction device (15) of 0.5 to 1.2 m3 per second.
  3. A casing as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that measured suction flow is less than 0.5 m per second at a suction capacity of the suction device (15) of 0.6 to 0.9 m3 per second.
  4. A casing as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the suction openings (9, 10) are covered by a grid consisting of lattice bars (11) which are folded inwardly or rounded off.
  5. A casing as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the distance between the lattice bars (11) is less than 40 mm.
  6. A casing as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that said distance is approx. 20 mm.
  7. A casing as claimed in one of the claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the suction openings (9, 10) are rectangular and are formed by a grid with lattice bars (11) which are U-shaped in their cross section.
  8. A casing as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction openings (9, 10) are arranged in the ultimate proximity of the suction positions of the suction tubes (13) provided in the card.
  9. A casing as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lattice bars (11), which are formed as a grid made from one piece, can be mounted in the suction openings (9, 10) from the inside of the casing (1).
  10. A casing as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that a filter cloth is stretched between the mountable grid and the border strip of the suction openings (9, 10).
EP93810468A 1992-08-04 1993-07-01 Casing of a carding machine Expired - Lifetime EP0585196B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2441/92 1992-08-04
CH244192 1992-08-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0585196A1 EP0585196A1 (en) 1994-03-02
EP0585196B1 true EP0585196B1 (en) 1998-03-11

Family

ID=4233892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93810468A Expired - Lifetime EP0585196B1 (en) 1992-08-04 1993-07-01 Casing of a carding machine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5419016A (en)
EP (1) EP0585196B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1087139A (en)
DE (1) DE59308241D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7589949B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2009-09-15 Seagate Technology Llc Fluid assisted emitter tip and method
CN101250774B (en) * 2008-03-14 2010-06-02 常熟市振泰不织布有限公司 Device for sucking ray flower of carding machine
CN103184532A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-07-03 寿县寿州麻纺织厂 Environment-friendly process flow for manufacturing hemp products
CN103225137A (en) * 2013-05-15 2013-07-31 海门市麒新纺织机械有限公司 Single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine
CN110952172A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-03 卓郎（常州）纺织机械有限公司 Turnover type sliver thread-up structure of pre-drafting device of carding machine
CN115501708B (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-01-17 河北北方学院 A dust removal device based on the design of garbage hydrogen production furnace

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SE352935B (en) * 1971-10-04 1973-01-15 Atlas Copco Ab
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FR2300828A1 (en) * 1975-02-14 1976-09-10 Devauze Ets Removing trash from lap on carding machine - using vacuum heads and recycling suitable fibres after filtering
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DE2950367C2 (en) * 1979-12-14 1982-07-15 Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach Card or card with a casing
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US4654933A (en) * 1983-12-28 1987-04-07 James L. Horn Gin lint cleaner with fiber return
IT1216224B (en) * 1986-03-28 1990-02-22 Giuliani Marcello PNEUMATIC COMPLEX FOR THE CLEANING AND REMOVAL OF DUST, FIBRILLE AND VARIOUS WASTE FROM THE WOOL AND COTTON CARDBOARDS OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY
DE58905213D1 (en) * 1988-04-29 1993-09-16 Rieter Ag Maschf DEVICE FOR DEDUSTING A CARD.
JP3082969B2 (en) * 1990-09-17 2000-09-04 ツリュツラー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンディトゲゼルシャフト Equipment installed on cards for cotton fibers, clearer machines, etc.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5419016A (en) 1995-05-30
DE59308241D1 (en) 1998-04-16
CN1087139A (en) 1994-05-25
EP0585196A1 (en) 1994-03-02

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