EP0576314A1 - Verfahren und Apparat zur Herstelling von gasförmigem Sauerstoff unter Druck - Google Patents

Verfahren und Apparat zur Herstelling von gasförmigem Sauerstoff unter Druck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0576314A1
EP0576314A1 EP93401395A EP93401395A EP0576314A1 EP 0576314 A1 EP0576314 A1 EP 0576314A1 EP 93401395 A EP93401395 A EP 93401395A EP 93401395 A EP93401395 A EP 93401395A EP 0576314 A1 EP0576314 A1 EP 0576314A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
pressure
column
turbine
heat exchange
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP93401395A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0576314B2 (de
EP0576314B1 (de
Inventor
Maurice Grenier
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04236—Integration of different exchangers in a single core, so-called integrated cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/042—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions having an intermediate feed connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/54—Oxygen production with multiple pressure O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/10—Mathematical formulae, modeling, plot or curves; Design methods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/912—External refrigeration system
    • Y10S62/913—Liquified gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing gaseous oxygen under pressure by air distillation in an installation comprising a heat exchange line and a double distillation column which itself comprises a first column, called the medium pressure column. , operating under medium pressure, and a second column, called low pressure column, operating under low pressure, pumping liquid oxygen withdrawn from the bottom of the low pressure column, and vaporization of the compressed oxygen by heat exchange with compressed air at high air pressure.
  • condensation means either a condensation or a vaporization proper, or a pseudo-condensation or a pseudo-vaporization, depending on whether the pressures in question are subcritical or supercritical.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method using a single air compressor and having high overall thermodynamic efficiency.
  • the invention also relates to an installation intended for the implementation of such a method.
  • this installation of the type comprising a double air distillation column comprising a column, known as a low pressure column, operating under low pressure, and a column, known as a medium pressure column, operating under medium pressure, a compression pump for liquid oxygen withdrawn from the bottom of the low-pressure column, compression means for causing air to be distilled at a high air pressure significantly higher than the medium pressure, and a heat exchange line for bringing the high pressure air and compressed liquid oxygen into heat exchange relationship
  • the compression means comprise a compressor for supplying all of the air to be distilled at a first high pressure P1 significantly higher than the medium pressure, and means for overpressuring a fraction of the air under this first high pressure up to a second high pressure P2,
  • these overpressure means comprising at at least two blowers in series each coupled to an expansion turbine, one fan being coupled to an air expansion turbine under the first high pressure P1 and another blower being coupled to a second expansion turbine of part of the pressurized air
  • the heat exchange line comprising passages for cooling
  • the installation according to the invention of the type comprising a double air distillation column comprising a column, known as a low pressure column, operating under low pressure, and a column, known as a medium pressure column, operating under medium pressure, a liquid oxygen compression pump drawn from the bottom of the low pressure column, compression means for causing the air to be distilled at a high air pressure significantly higher than the medium pressure, and a line heat exchange to bring the high pressure air and compressed liquid oxygen into heat exchange relationship
  • the compression means comprise a compressor for bringing all of the air to be distilled to a first high pressure clearly higher than the medium pressure, and means for overpressuring a fraction of the air under this first high pressure to a second high pressure
  • these overpressure means comprising at least two blowers in series each coupled to an expansion turbine, a blower being coupled to an air expansion turbine under the first high pressure P1 and another blower being coupled to a second expansion turbine part of the compressed air, and in that the inlet temperature T1 of one of the two turbine
  • the installation shown in Figure 1 is intended to produce gaseous oxygen under two different pressures, gaseous nitrogen under two different pressures, liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen.
  • the installation essentially comprises a double distillation column 1, a heat exchange line 2, a main air compressor 3, two blowers in series 4, 5 provided with a coolant outlet 6, a "hot” turbine 7 , a “cold” turbine 8, two liquid oxygen pumps 9, 10 and a liquid nitrogen pump 11.
  • Double column 1 includes a column medium pressure operating at 5 to 6 bars, a low pressure column 13 of the "minaret" type operating slightly above atmospheric pressure, a vaporizer-condenser 14 which puts the overhead vapor (nitrogen) from column 12 into heat exchange relationship with the tank liquid (oxygen) of column 13, and an auxiliary column 15 for the production of impure argon coupled to column 13.
  • the fan wheel 4 is rigidly coupled to that of the turbine 8, and, likewise, the fan wheel 5 is rigidly coupled to that of the turbine 7.
  • the air to be distilled is completely compressed by the compressor 3 at a pressure P1 of the order of 25 to 35 bars and purified in water and carbon dioxide in an adsorber 21, then divided into two streams.
  • the first stream at pressure P1, is cooled to an intermediate temperature T1 between 0 ° C and - 60 ° C. Part of this first stream continues to cool, is liquefied, then is expanded at medium pressure in an expansion valve and sent to column 12 via a line 22. The rest of the first stream is taken out of the exchange line at temperature T1, expanded at medium pressure in turbine 7, reintroduced into the exchange line, cooled and liquefied, then sent to column 12 via a line 23.
  • the rest of the air leaving the adsorber 21 is boosted in two stages by the blowers 4 and 5, up to a pressure P2 of the order of 35 to 50 bars, precooled at 6 and then cooled in the line of exchange up to a second intermediate temperature T2 much lower than T1 and between -80 ° C and -130 ° C. Part of this air continues to cool, is liquefied, then is expanded at medium pressure in an expansion valve and introduced into column 12 via line 22 above. The rest of the air at pressure P2 is taken out of the exchange line at temperature T2, expanded at medium pressure in the turbine 8 and introduced into the column 12 via the above-mentioned pipe 23.
  • the exchange diagram includes a curve C1 corresponding to all of the heated fluids, and a curve C2 corresponding to the air treated during cooling.
  • the installation may include a third turbine 30, for example braked by an alternator 31, adapted to relieve some of the medium pressure air coming from the turbine at low pressure. 7.
  • the exhaust of the turbine 30 is connected to an intermediate point of the column 13 or to the pipe carrying the residual impure nitrogen.
  • the inlet of the turbine 30 is at a temperature of from -100 ° C to about -150 ° C.
  • Such a low pressure turbine is advantageous in two cases: on the one hand, to exploit the low separation energy when the oxygen is produced at a purity of between 85% and 98%, by increasing the production of liquid without appreciable reduction in the oxygen extraction yield; on the other hand, to increase the production of liquid at the expense of that of oxygen. If, as shown, the installation produces argon, it is preferable to send the low-pressure air into impure nitrogen to maintain a good extraction yield of argon. Otherwise, this low pressure air can be blown into column 13.
  • the diagram in Figure 4 differs from that in Figure 1 only by the assembly of the turbines 7 and 8.
  • it is the "hot” turbine 7 which is supplied with air at the highest pressure P2
  • the "cold” turbine 8 is supplied with air at pressure P1.
  • the turbine 7 escapes at a pressure P3 greater than the medium pressure and, in practice, between this medium pressure and the pressure P1.
  • the air at pressure P3 is cooled and liquefied in the exchange line, by vaporization of oxygen, then expanded at medium pressure in an expansion valve 34 before being sent to column 12. This arrangement is particularly interesting for an oxygen pressure between 3 bars and 8 bars.
  • the exchange line 2 of the installation includes air cooling passages at three different pressures.
  • One or more of these pressures can be used to condense air by counter-current vaporization, with a small temperature difference of the order of 2 ° C, of at least most of the separated, compressed oxygen. in the liquid state at a corresponding pressure and vaporized under this pressure, additional oxygen at another pressure and / or nitrogen which can optionally be further compressed in the liquid state and vaporized in line d exchange 2.
  • the pressures P1 and P3 can be chosen at will, and the pressure P2 can be adjusted by varying the turbinated air flow rates and the pressure P1, this results in a very great flexibility in the choice of the vaporization pressures of oxygen and possibly nitrogen.
  • the flow of this air can be adjusted to the flow of oxygen to be vaporized, that is to say that this air flow is adjusted between 20% at 30% of the treated air flow; such a flow rate through the "hot" turbine 7 indeed makes it possible to remain in the vicinity of the thermodynamic optimum.
  • the installation produces a fraction of oxygen and nitrogen in liquid form with excellent specific energy due to the use of two expansion turbines at very different inlet temperatures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
EP93401395A 1992-06-23 1993-06-02 Verfahren und Apparat zur Herstelling von gasförmigem Sauerstoff unter Druck Expired - Lifetime EP0576314B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9207662A FR2692664A1 (fr) 1992-06-23 1992-06-23 Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression.
FR9207662 1992-06-23

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EP0576314A1 true EP0576314A1 (de) 1993-12-29
EP0576314B1 EP0576314B1 (de) 1996-10-09
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JP (1) JPH0658662A (de)
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CA (1) CA2098895A1 (de)
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EP0684437A1 (de) 1994-05-27 1995-11-29 The BOC Group plc Lufttrennung
US5520169A (en) * 1994-04-02 1996-05-28 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Anesthesia arrangement for recovering gaseous anesthetic agents
FR2776760A1 (fr) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-01 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2831249A1 (fr) * 2002-01-21 2003-04-25 Air Liquide Procede et installation de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
EP1859214A2 (de) * 2005-02-18 2007-11-28 Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. Kryogenes rektifikationssystem zur neonherstellung
WO2019135817A1 (en) * 2018-01-02 2019-07-11 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for flexible recovery of argon from a cryogenic air separation unit
WO2021230912A1 (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-11-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for recovery of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen in moderate pressure cryogenic air separation unit
WO2022053173A1 (de) * 2020-09-08 2022-03-17 Linde Gmbh Verfahren und anlage zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft
US11629913B2 (en) 2020-05-15 2023-04-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. Integrated nitrogen liquefier for a nitrogen and argon producing cryogenic air separation unit

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FR2723184B1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1996-09-06 Grenier Maurice Procede et installation de production d'oxygene gazeux sous pression a debit variable
FR2726046B1 (fr) * 1994-10-25 1996-12-20 Air Liquide Procede et installation de detente et de compression d'au moins un flux gazeux
GB9521782D0 (en) * 1995-10-24 1996-01-03 Boc Group Plc Air separation
GB9521996D0 (en) * 1995-10-27 1996-01-03 Boc Group Plc Air separation
US6113851A (en) * 1996-03-01 2000-09-05 Phygen Apparatus and process for dry sterilization of medical and dental devices and materials
US5799508A (en) * 1996-03-21 1998-09-01 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation system with split kettle liquid
US5802873A (en) * 1997-05-08 1998-09-08 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system with dual feed air turboexpansion
US5758515A (en) * 1997-05-08 1998-06-02 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation with warm turbine recycle
US5873264A (en) * 1997-09-18 1999-02-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system with intermediate third column reboil
GB9810587D0 (en) * 1998-05-15 1998-07-15 Cryostar France Sa Pump
JP3538338B2 (ja) * 1999-05-21 2004-06-14 株式会社神戸製鋼所 酸素ガスの製造方法
GB9925097D0 (en) * 1999-10-22 1999-12-22 Boc Group Plc Air separation
JP3715497B2 (ja) * 2000-02-23 2005-11-09 株式会社神戸製鋼所 酸素の製造方法
FR2853407B1 (fr) * 2003-04-02 2012-12-14 Air Liquide Procede et installation de fourniture de gaz sous pression
FR2854683B1 (fr) * 2003-05-05 2006-09-29 Air Liquide Procede et installation de production de gaz de l'air sous pression par distillation cryogenique d'air
FR2872262B1 (fr) * 2004-06-29 2010-11-26 Air Liquide Procede et installation de fourniture de secours d'un gaz sous pression
EP1726900A1 (de) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-29 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
US7437890B2 (en) * 2006-01-12 2008-10-21 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation system with multi-pressure air liquefaction
US7533540B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2009-05-19 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation system for enhanced liquid production
FR2913759B1 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2013-08-16 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de production de gaz de l'air sous forme gazeuse et liquide a haute flexibilite par distillation cryogenique.
FR2913760B1 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2013-08-16 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de production de gaz de l'air sous forme gazeuse et liquide a haute flexibilite par distillation cryogenique
US8191386B2 (en) * 2008-02-14 2012-06-05 Praxair Technology, Inc. Distillation method and apparatus
FR2948184B1 (fr) * 2009-07-20 2016-04-15 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
TR201808162T4 (tr) 2014-07-05 2018-07-23 Linde Ag Havanın düşük sıcaklıkta ayrıştırılması vasıtasıyla bir basınçlı gaz ürününün kazanılmasına yönelik yöntem ve cihaz.
EP2963367A1 (de) * 2014-07-05 2016-01-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft mit variablem Energieverbrauch
US20160025408A1 (en) * 2014-07-28 2016-01-28 Zhengrong Xu Air separation method and apparatus
US20160245585A1 (en) 2015-02-24 2016-08-25 Henry E. Howard System and method for integrated air separation and liquefaction
EP3290843A3 (de) * 2016-07-12 2018-06-13 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von druckstickstoff und flüssigstickstoff durch tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft
WO2022111850A1 (en) 2020-11-24 2022-06-02 Linde Gmbh Process and plant for cryogenic separation of air

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5520169A (en) * 1994-04-02 1996-05-28 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Anesthesia arrangement for recovering gaseous anesthetic agents
EP0684437A1 (de) 1994-05-27 1995-11-29 The BOC Group plc Lufttrennung
FR2776760A1 (fr) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-01 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
US6463758B1 (en) 1998-03-31 2002-10-15 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation
DE19913907B4 (de) * 1998-03-31 2007-07-26 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerlegung von Luft durch kryogene Destillation
FR2831249A1 (fr) * 2002-01-21 2003-04-25 Air Liquide Procede et installation de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
EP1859214A2 (de) * 2005-02-18 2007-11-28 Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. Kryogenes rektifikationssystem zur neonherstellung
EP1859214A4 (de) * 2005-02-18 2012-09-26 Praxair Technology Inc Kryogenes rektifikationssystem zur neonherstellung
WO2019135817A1 (en) * 2018-01-02 2019-07-11 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for flexible recovery of argon from a cryogenic air separation unit
US11262125B2 (en) 2018-01-02 2022-03-01 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for flexible recovery of argon from a cryogenic air separation unit
WO2021230912A1 (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-11-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for recovery of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen in moderate pressure cryogenic air separation unit
US11933538B2 (en) 2020-05-11 2024-03-19 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for recovery of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen in moderate pressure cryogenic air separation unit
US11629913B2 (en) 2020-05-15 2023-04-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. Integrated nitrogen liquefier for a nitrogen and argon producing cryogenic air separation unit
WO2022053173A1 (de) * 2020-09-08 2022-03-17 Linde Gmbh Verfahren und anlage zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4135793A (en) 1994-01-06
DE69305246T2 (de) 1997-05-07
DE69305246T3 (de) 2001-03-08
EP0576314B2 (de) 2000-03-29
AU660260B2 (en) 1995-06-15
EP0576314B1 (de) 1996-10-09
CA2098895A1 (fr) 1993-12-24
CN1080390A (zh) 1994-01-05
ZA934204B (en) 1994-01-10
JPH0658662A (ja) 1994-03-04
FR2692664A1 (fr) 1993-12-24
DE69305246D1 (de) 1996-11-14
CN1077275C (zh) 2002-01-02
US5400600A (en) 1995-03-28

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