EP0605262B1 - Druckgassauerstoffherstellungsverfahren und Apparat - Google Patents

Druckgassauerstoffherstellungsverfahren und Apparat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0605262B1
EP0605262B1 EP93402665A EP93402665A EP0605262B1 EP 0605262 B1 EP0605262 B1 EP 0605262B1 EP 93402665 A EP93402665 A EP 93402665A EP 93402665 A EP93402665 A EP 93402665A EP 0605262 B1 EP0605262 B1 EP 0605262B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
pressure
column
low
oxygen
production
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
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EP93402665A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0605262A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Guillard
Norbert Rieth
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP0605262A1 publication Critical patent/EP0605262A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/042—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions having an intermediate feed connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F25J3/0426—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
    • F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04945—Details of internal structure; insulation and housing of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/20—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in an elevated pressure multiple column system wherein the lowest pressure column is at a pressure well above the minimum pressure needed to overcome pressure drop to reject the products to atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/50—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • F25J2240/44—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/912—External refrigeration system
    • Y10S62/913—Liquified gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a production process gaseous oxygen under pressure by means of a double column of distillation.
  • gaseous oxygen under pressure takes place generally either by compression of gaseous oxygen withdrawn from the column low pressure at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure, i.e. by vaporization of liquid oxygen brought by pump to the pressure of production.
  • the corresponding installations are complex because they require special rotating machines such as a compressor of oxygen or one or more expansion turbines.
  • EP-A-0102190 describes a process of the "toggle" type which allows the production of variable oxygen flows.
  • FR-A-2578532 describes a double column process, the column medium pressure and the low pressure column each having a condenser with means for sending liquid nitrogen from the column low pressure at the medium pressure column.
  • US-A-3316725 describes an air separation apparatus in which the air is purified after a relaxation step in a relaxation machine. Air liquid sent to and from the purification device is expanded by expansion Joule-Thomson.
  • EP-A-461804 describes a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the process of Figures 1 and 2 can be modified to allow production pure oxygen.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing particularly economical way of gaseous oxygen under pressure moderate.
  • the invention also relates to an installation according to the claim 3.
  • the double column can in particular be vacuum-insulated, in particular by a vacuum envelope which contains only the double column and pipe sections, the rest of the cold parts of the installation, with the possible exception of sources of liquid nitrogen and / or of liquid oxygen and the pipes which leave from it, being insulated by a box cold at atmospheric pressure containing a solid insulator, in particular particulate.
  • FIG. 1 essentially comprises a air compressor 1, adsorption purification device 2, one line heat exchange 3, a sub-cooler 4 and a double column of distillation 5.
  • the latter consists essentially of a column medium pressure 6 surmounted by a low pressure column 7, and a vaporizer-condenser 8 which brings the indirect heat exchange relationship into overhead vapor (practically pure nitrogen) from column 6 and tank liquid (oxygen at desired purity) from column 7.
  • the air to be distilled is compressed in 1 at a pressure, so-called medium pressure, of the order of 8 to 16 bars, purified in water and anhydride carbonic in 2, cooled near its dew point in 3 and introduced in the bottom of column 6.
  • the "rich liquid” (oxygen enriched air) collected in tank of this column is sub-cooled in 4, expanded in an expansion valve 9 at a pressure, called low pressure, which is substantially the production pressure, of the order of 2 to 5 bars, and introduced at a level column 7 via line 10.
  • From “poor liquid” (practically pure nitrogen) collected in head of column 6 is sub-cooled in 4, expanded in an expansion valve 11 at low pressure, and introduced at the head of column 7 via a line 12.
  • Oxygen production is withdrawn in gaseous form from the tank from column 7, heated in exchange line 3 and recovered directly as a product via a pipe 13.
  • the residual gas W (impure nitrogen), withdrawn at top of column 7 via line 14, is relaxed in free expansion at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure in an expansion valve 15, heated in sub-cooler 4 then in the line exchange 3, and evacuated via a pipe 16. This gas can serve to regenerate the adsorbers of the device 2.
  • the installation shown is isolated thermally as follows.
  • the double column 5 is arranged in a vacuum envelope 22, which ensures one high performance insulation.
  • This envelope does contains, in addition to the double column, that the sections of conducts that lead to it or leave it, these conducts passing through the enclosure by means of appropriate fittings 23. In practice, it is advantageous to bring together all fittings 23 in the same region of the envelope.
  • the vacuum envelope can have a diameter closely matched to the outside diameter of the double column, which can be of constant diameter on its full height, which allows for a set double column 5-envelope 22 conveniently transportable.
  • this solution is also very beneficial, although it is much less expensive than vacuum insulation containing the entire installation. Indeed, in an air distillation installation, 75 to 85% of heat losses are borne by the double column and, in the heat exchange line, the losses are concentrated in the coldest part. In total, insulation performance of the 22-24 assembly is around 90% of those that would be obtained with a vacuum insulation of the entire installation.
  • the double column may include a "minaret", that is to say an upper section of the low pressure column 7 enabling sound to be produced top of nitrogen gas under low pressure.
  • this nitrogen gas can also be expanded in an expansion valve to the vicinity of the pressure atmospheric to produce cold, before being reheated in 4 then in 3 then to be recovered as second product of the installation.
  • the cold behavior of installation is carried out by free expansion of the gas W waste in 15, supplemented by an oxygen supply liquid from a source 19 constituted as previously from storage 19A at atmospheric pressure and a 19B pump.
  • the oxygen make-up liquid pumped in 19B at some pressure little higher than the low pressure, is injected, in one intermediate point 25 of the heat exchange line 3, in gaseous oxygen during heating.
  • an oxygen purge line 26 liquid fitted with a valve 27, starts from the tank of the column 7 and opens into storage 19A to supply it partly, the supplement of liquid oxygen being brought in by tankers 28.
  • the purge intended to evacuate the hydrocarbons from column 7, corresponds to about 0.2% of the flow treated air and preferably takes place discontinuously, usually automatically; it is independent of "bottle feeding" of the installation by liquid oxygen.
  • the injection point 25 is chosen so that liquid oxygen vaporizes at a temperature high enough for the oil to show more danger of explosion or flammability when vaporization of oxygen. This temperature can thus be of the order of -100 ° C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von gasförmigem Drucksauerstoff mit Hilfe einer Doppel-Destillationssäule (5), bei dem man gasförmigen Produktsauerstoff direkt im Sumpf einer Niederdrucksäule (7) gewinnt und
    die Niederdrucksäule (7) unter einem Druck betreibt, der deutlich über Normaldruck und etwas über dem Sauerstoffproduktionsdruck liegt, wobei dieser niedrige Druck insbesondere etwa 2 bis 5 bar beträgt, und die Mitteldrucksäule (6) unter einem entsprechenden Druck, insbesondere von 8 bis 16 bar, betreibt;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man
    die Anlage zumindest teilweise durch freie Entspannung mindestens eines aus der Niederdrucksäule austretenden gasförmigen Produkts kalt hält, ohne von der Entspannung eines für die Doppelsäule bestimmten oder aus dieser stammenden Fluids unter Leistung äußerer Arbeit Gebrauch zu machen, und in dem Fall, daß die Anlage durch freie Entspannung teilweise kalt gehalten wird, bei (18) eine Menge an flüssigem Stickstoff aus einer außerhalb der Doppelsäule (5) liegenden Quelle (17) in die Niederdrucksäule (7) einleitet und/oder (bei 20) eine Menge an flüssigem Sauerstoff aus einer außerhalb der Doppelsäule (5) liegenden Quelle (19) in die Niederdrucksäule (7) einleitet und/oder (bei 25) an einer Zwischenstelle der mit der Doppelsäule (5) verbundenen Wärmeaustauschleitung (3) eine Menge an flüssigem Sauerstoff aus einer außerhalb der Doppelsäule liegenden Quelle in den gasförmigen Sauerstoff einleitet und daß man dieser Quelle (19) aus dem Sumpf der Niederdrucksäule (7) (bei 26) abgezogenen flüssigen Spülsauerstoff zuführt und/oder die zu behandelnde Luft vor ihrer adsorptiven Reinigung (bei 2) mit Hilfe eines Kühlaggregats (21) vorkühlt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ein am Kopf der Niederdrucksäule (7) abgezogenes Restgas (W) durch freie Entspannung entspannt.
  3. Anlage zur Herstellung von gasförmigem Drucksauerstoff mit: einem Luftverdichter (1); einer Vorrichtung (2) zur Reinigung der verdichteten Luft; einer Doppelsäule (5) zur Destillation der gereinigten Luft mit einer Mitteldrucksäule (6) und einer Niederdrucksäule (6), die über einen Verdampfer/Kondensator (8) gekoppelt sind; einer Wärmeaustauschleitung (3) zum Abkühlen der gereinigten Luft durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit den Produkten aus der Doppelsäule und Einrichtungen (15, 17-18, 19-20, 21) zum Kalthalten der Anlage, wobei eine Sauerstoffproduktionsleitung (13) zum Abziehen von gasförmigem Sauerstoff direkt an den Sumpf der Niederdrucksäule angeschlossen ist, die Niederdrucksäule (7) unter einem Druck betrieben wird, der deutlich über Normaldruck und etwas über dem Sauerstoffproduktionsdruck liegt, wobei dieser niedrige Druck insbesondere etwa 2 bis 5 bar beträgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kalthalteeinrichtungen ein Ventil (15) zur freien Entspannung mindestens eines aus der Niederdrucksäule (7) austretenden gasförmigen Produkts und gegebenenfalls mindestens eine der folgenden Kalthalteeinrichtungen umfassen:
    a) Einrichtungen zum Einleiten einer Menge von flüssigem Stickstoff und/oder flüssigem Sauerstoff aus einer der außerhalb der Doppelsäule liegenden Quellen (17, 19) unter dem niedrigen Druck in die Niederdrucksäule,
    b) Einrichtungen zum Einleiten einer Menge an unter dem niedriden Druck stehendem flüssigem Sauerstoff aus einer außerhalb der Doppelsäule liegenden Quelle (19) in den gasförmigen Sauerstoff an einer Zwischenstelle der Wärmeaustauschleitung und Einrichtungen zum Zuführen von aus dem Sumpf der Niederdrucksäule abgezogenem flüssigem Spülsauerstoff zu dieser Quelle,
    c) ein zwischen dem Verdichter (1) und der Reinigungsvorrichtung (2) angebrachtes Kühlaggregat (21),
    wobei die Kalthalteeinrichtungen keine Maschine oder Turbine zur Entspannung eines für die Doppelsäule bestimmten oder aus dieser stammenden Fluids unter Leistung äußerer Arbeit umfassen.
  4. Anlage nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entspannungsventil (15) in einer Leitung (14) zum Abführen des am Kopf der Niederdrucksäule (7) austretenden Restgases (W) angebracht ist.
  5. Anlage nach Anspruch 3, bei der die Doppelsäule vakuumisoliert ist.
EP93402665A 1992-12-30 1993-10-29 Druckgassauerstoffherstellungsverfahren und Apparat Revoked EP0605262B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9215925 1992-12-30
FR9215925A FR2699992B1 (fr) 1992-12-30 1992-12-30 Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression.

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EP0605262A1 EP0605262A1 (de) 1994-07-06
EP0605262B1 true EP0605262B1 (de) 2000-06-28

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EP (1) EP0605262B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH06229668A (de)
CA (1) CA2112499A1 (de)
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FR (1) FR2699992B1 (de)

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FR2793310A1 (fr) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-10 Air Liquide Procede et dispositif de separation d'air par voie cryogenique avec elimination des aerosols liquides et/ou solides
US6182471B1 (en) * 1999-06-28 2001-02-06 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system for producing oxygen product at a non-constant rate
EP1207362A1 (de) 2000-10-23 2002-05-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von gasförmigem Niederdrucksauerstoff
EP1582830A1 (de) * 2004-03-29 2005-10-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Verfahren und Apparatus zur Tieftemperaturluftzerlegung
US7272954B2 (en) * 2004-07-14 2007-09-25 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Proceded Georges Claude Low temperature air separation process for producing pressurized gaseous product
JP5005894B2 (ja) * 2005-06-23 2012-08-22 エア・ウォーター株式会社 窒素発生方法およびそれに用いる装置
FR2972794B1 (fr) 2011-03-18 2015-11-06 Air Liquide Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
DE102012008415A1 (de) * 2012-04-27 2013-10-31 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Transportables Paket mit einer Coldbox, Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegungsanlage und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegungsanlage
CN103157342A (zh) * 2012-11-09 2013-06-19 中国科学院理化技术研究所 带强制换热结构的天然气/煤层气吸附净化方法及装置
WO2018114052A2 (de) 2016-12-23 2018-06-28 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft und luftzerlegungsanlage
JP6900241B2 (ja) * 2017-05-31 2021-07-07 レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード ガス製造システム
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EP0605262A1 (de) 1994-07-06
DE69328922D1 (de) 2000-08-03
US5408831A (en) 1995-04-25
DE69328922T2 (de) 2000-11-16
JPH06229668A (ja) 1994-08-19
FR2699992A1 (fr) 1994-07-01
CA2112499A1 (fr) 1994-07-01
FR2699992B1 (fr) 1995-02-10

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