Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B13/00—Hand shears; Scissors
  • B26B13/12—Hand shears; Scissors characterised by the shape of the handles
  • B26B13/20—Hand shears; Scissors characterised by the shape of the handles with gripping bows in the handle
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B13/00—Hand shears; Scissors
  • B26B13/22—Hand shears; Scissors combined with auxiliary implements, e.g. with cigar cutter, with manicure instrument
  • B26B13/24—Hand shears; Scissors combined with auxiliary implements, e.g. with cigar cutter, with manicure instrument to aid hair cutting

Definitions

• HAND TOOL SUCH AS A PAIR OF SCISSORS OR A PAIR OF PLIERS
• the present invention relates to hand tools such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular pairs of scissors for cutting hair by a hairdresser.
• hand tools such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular pairs of scissors for cutting hair by a hairdresser.
• the hairdresser must be able to keep the pair of scissors that he uses in a substantially constant position, practically in a vertical plane, regardless of the place of the cut on and around the head of the client and the relative position thereof which, obviously, does not remain immutable during a whole hairdressing session.
• Scissors are known which are suitable for cutting hair, for example the scissors described in document FR-A-2 627 421, comprising first and second elements articulated around an intermediate common axis, each element comprising an extended cutting blade beyond the axis of articulation by a branch provided with a receiving member adapted for operation by the end of a hand finger of the hairdresser.
• the receiving members are rings located in the longitudinal plane of each of the articulated elements.
• the pair of scissors is held in the hand by engaging the ring finger of the hand in the ring of the first branch, the ring of the second branch being designed to receive the thumb of the hairdresser with whom the latter controls, in its plane, the movement of the second branch making the cut, the first branch held by the ring finger remaining substantially fixed.
• Document FR-A-2 627 421 provides for this that each of the branches provided with the rings in which the fingers of the hairdresser engage are provided with an adjustable connection, allowing each of the rings to pivot freely along a longitudinal axis. pivoting parallel to the longitudinal axis of each of the articulated elements. It is thus possible to modify the inclination of the plane of the rings relative to the cutting plane of the blades.
• the first receiving organ comprises a transverse end piece in the form of a cylindrical tube closed at one end and open at the other, the end piece being screwed into one of the rings for its axial adjustment;
• the second receiving member is formed by an open ring forming a concave bearing face oriented towards the axis of articulation.
• the device described in this document requires using the two hands of the hairdresser to adjust the pivoting of one and the other of the rings around their respective longitudinal pivot axis.
• the presence of the closed transverse nozzle practically prevents the easy adjustment of the axial position of the finger in the ring.
• the adaptation of the thumb in the second receiving member, pressing against the bearing face of the open ring induces a force for pivoting the tool, force which the user must balance by the ring finger introduced in the first receiving organ. This results in unnecessary fatigue of the fingers.
• the present invention aims in particular to overcome these drawbacks, by proposing a new tool structure, which can be used not only for a pair of hair cutting scissors, but also for a pair of pliers such as surgical pliers, the structure being such that it makes it possible to significantly improve the holding of the tool, without inducing finger fatigue.
• a problem proposed by the present invention is thus to design a tool having simultaneously the following particularities:
• the tool must be able to be held by a single hand finger, namely the ring finger, passed through a particular structure of the first receiving member, the tool not having to pivot around this finger,
• the second receiving member configured to receive the thumb from the same hand, must ensure the freedom of movement of this thumb for its introduction and its extraction with respect to said second receiving member, the introduction and extraction of the thumb in front furthermore, it is carried out without requiring excessive deformation of the fingers of the hand,
• the invention also makes it possible to improve the comfort and the holding of the tool by the user's ring finger, by allowing an adaptation tion with little play of the ring finger in the corresponding receiving member, and without preventing the user from folding his ring finger.
• Another problem proposed by the invention is to allow the adjustment of the orientation of the cutting or pivoting plane of the articulated elements, relative to the direction of the phalanxes of fingers engaged in the receiving organs, this adjustment having to be ensured directly by the only hand engaged on the tool, without requiring the use of the other hand of the user.
• the invention further provides for improving the positioning and holding of the tool by the other fingers of the user, and in particular by the little finger.
• the hand tool according to the invention such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular a pair of scissors for cutting hair, has a first and a second elements articulated around an intermediate common axis, each element comprising a useful part such as a cutting blade or a pliers head, extended beyond the intermediate common axis by a branch provided with a receiving member adapted for the operation by the end of a user's finger.
• the first receiving member of the first articulated element comprises a generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage in which the ring finger of a user's hand can engage; according to the invention:
• the second receiving member of the second articulated element comprises a longitudinal end portion of the second branch, associated with a transverse support structure developing substantially in the pivot plane of the articulated elements opposite the first articulated element,
• the support structure has a concave support face oriented towards the free end of the second branch, so that the user can hold the tool by its first articulated element by engaging the end of its annular in the passage transverse tubular of the first receiving member, and can maneuver the second articulated element by applying the end of his thumb in support in the open enveloping housing formed by the longitudinal end part and the concave support face of the support structure.
• the user can hold the tool by engaging the end of his ring finger in the transverse tubular passage of the first receiving member, and can maneuver the tool by the end of his thumb resting on the second member receiver.
• the second receiving member of the second articulated element is fixed, that is to say integral with the corresponding branch of the second articulated element and without the possibility of axial rotation relative to said second articulated element, while the the first receiving member is connected to the corresponding branch of the first articulated element by an articulation with a longitudinal pivot axis, in order to orient the first receiving member around its longitudinal pivot axis.
• this structure allows the free axial pivoting of the second branch relative to the thumb; and a voluntary push or pull of the thumb on the second branch makes the whole tool pivot around the longitudinal pivot axis of the first receiving member of the first articulated element, without the user needing to intervene with his second hand.
• the support structure may advantageously be a rod, one end of which is integral with the branch of the second articulated element, the said rod being curved in an arc according to a concavity turned towards the free end of the branch of the second articulated element, and along a greater radius. at the average radius of one user inch; the support structure preferably forms an arc of about 90 degrees.
• the support structure is adjustable in longitudinal position, to vary and fix the distance between the support structure and the intermediate common axis.
• This adjustment can be obtained by providing a set of several removable and interchangeable support structures each comprising a base which is fixed in a receptacle of the branch of the second articulated element, the rods of support structures being offset longitudinally relative to each other. to others on their respective bases.
• the first receiving member can be in one piece.
• the first receiving member may comprise a ring in which is engaged a nozzle provided with said generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage.
• the tip of the first receiving member is advantageously a cylindrical sleeve open at its two ends, provided with an outer end collar.
• the outside diameter of the sleeve is adapted to be introduced axially by force into the opening of the ring until the flange bears against the ring.
• the inside diameter of the sleeve is adapted to receive the end knuckles of the user's ring finger with little play.
• the tool can then be held by the phalanxes of the ring finger alone, without pivoting around said phalanxes.
• the sleeve is easily interchangeable, and a set of several sleeves is provided allowing adaptation to different diameters of annulars.
• the distance separating the second receiving member and the intermediate common axis is less than the distance separating the first receiving member and the intermediate common axis.
• FIG. 1 is a general side view of a pair of scissors according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a top view of the pair of scissors according to Figure 1, in longitudinal section along the axis I-I of Figure 1.
• the hand tool according to the invention is a pair of scissors.
• the pair of scissors conventionally comprises a first element 1 and a second element
• the first articulated element 1 comprises a useful part 4 in the form of a cutting blade with a cutting edge 5, which extends beyond the intermediate common axis 3 by a first branch 6 provided with a first receiving member 7 adapted for operation by the end of a hand finger of a user.
• the second articulated element 2 comprises a second useful part 8 in the form of a cutting blade, with a cutting edge 9, the second cutting blade 8 extending, beyond the intermediate common axis 3, by a second branch 10 provided with a second receiving member 11 also suitable for operation by the end of a user's hand finger.
• the first receiving member 7 comprises a ring 12 situated in a plane substantially parallel to the mean longitudinal axis II-II of the first branch 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the ring 12 is slightly offset, in the plane defined by the blades 4 and 8, outwards opposite the second branch 10.
• a tip 13 is engaged in the ring 12.
• the tip 13 constitutes a generally cylindrical receiving member in which the ring finger of a hand of the user can engage.
• the end piece 13 of the first receiving member consists of a generally hollow cylindrical sleeve 14 open at its two ends, provided with an external end flange 15.
• the external peripheral face 16 of the sleeve 14 has an external diameter suitable for being axially forced into the central opening of the ring 12 until the flange 15 bears against the ring 12.
• the inner face 17 of the sleeve generally cylindrical or slightly conical, has a diameter suitable for receiving axially at low clearance the end of the user's ring finger.
• the length of the endpiece 13 is preferably such that the length of the transverse tubular passage 18 of the first receiving member 7 is between 10 and 30 millimeters approximately. Good results are obtained with a length of about 17 millimeters. This achieves a good compromise between sufficient retention of the finger in the receiving member and sufficient freedom of the finger allowing the flexing of its joints.
• the axis III-III of the central bore or transverse tubular passage 18 of the end piece 13 is advantageously pivoted by an angle A relative to the perpendicular to the mean longitudinal axis II-II of the first articulated element 1, in the plane containing the longitudinal axis II-II and the intermediate common axis 3.
• the angle A is advantageously between 10 and 20 degrees approximately, in the direction shown in the figures, direction in which the the opening provided with the flange 15 is further from the blades 4 and 8 than the opening opposite the flange 15.
• the appropriate angle A is obtained when the end piece 13 is positioned in the ring 12 in a preferred axial orientation, this orientation can be materialized by respective benchmarks or any other means such as engaging parts.
• the ring 12 of the first articulated element 1 is pivotally mounted about a longitudinal pivot axis 19 of the first articulated element 1, so as to freely orient the ring 12 around said longitudinal pivot axis 19.
• the ring 12 of the first receiving member 7 is connected to the first corresponding branch 6 by an articulation 30 with a longitudinal pivot axis 19.
• Braking means 20 are provided for selectively braking or blocking said pivoting of the ring 12 around its pivot axis 19, thus holding the ring in position when the appropriate orientation has been chosen by the user. To pivot the ring 12, it is therefore necessary to provide a sufficient torque, greater than the braking torque provided by the braking means 20.
• the torque of the braking means 20 is adjusted by construction in an appropriate manner, to that the ring 12 can pivot by a voluntary action of the fingers of the user, and so that the ring 12 does not pivot during normal rotations of the articulated elements 1 and 2 around their intermediate common axis.
• the torque of the braking means is made adjustable by the user, who can thus block or unblock the rotation. Another possibility, preferable in certain uses, consists in eliminating any braking means 20, to allow free rotation of the ring.
• the articulation 30 of the first receiving member 7 is close to the transverse tubular passage 18 or the ring 12.
• the index and middle finger of the hand holding the tool can thus rest on a fixed portion of the first branch 6
• the rotation of the annular phalanx engaged in the first receiving member 7 does not therefore cause the rotation of the phalanges adjacent to the index and middle fingers.
• Comfort and hold are improved.
• a set of several end pieces is provided, such as the end piece 13, each having the same external shape and in particular the same outside face diameter 16 and the same flange 15, and having different inside face diameters 17, to adapt to different ring finger sizes.
• the end piece 13 is simply engaged in force in the ring 12, so that the interchangeability is simplified.
• the same end piece 13 can be introduced indifferently by one or the other of the two faces of the ring 12, defining respectively a right-handed tool and a left handed tool.
• the tip 13 is intended to form a guide in which the end of the annular is engaged.
• the tool must thus hold sufficiently in position, held by the annular alone, without the possibility of axial translation or axial rotation of the tool around the annular.
• the sleeve 14 of the end piece 13 must have an internal diameter sufficiently close to the external diameter of the user's annular, so that sufficient friction exists between the annular and the sleeve 14. It does not However, the ring finger should not be tightened too violently in the sleeve 14, to avoid the discomfort linked to perspiration and to the cut in blood circulation.
• the sleeve 14 can advantageously be made of a slightly elastic material, promoting adhesion between the sleeve 14 and the ring finger without requiring excessive tightening.
• the length of the sleeve 14 is substantially equal to its diameter.
• the inner surface of the sleeve 14 may advantageously include irregularities such as ribs and grooves, cells, bosses, favoring the ventilation of the skin in contact with said sleeve.
• the first branch 6 of the first element 1 extends, beyond the ring 12, opposite to the intermediate common axis 3, by an extension 21 provided with a bearing face 22 close to the longitudinal axis II-II of the first branch.
• the support face 22 is intended to be oriented, by pivoting of the ring 12 around its longitudinal pivot axis 19, opposite the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2.
• the support face 22 allows the user to let his little finger adjacent to said ring finger inserted in the nozzle 13 rest against said face 22.
• the second receiving member 11, mounted on the second articulated element 2, comprises a longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10, associated with a transverse support structure 24 developing substantially in the pivot plane of the articulated elements 1 and 2 opposite the first articulated element 1, as shown in FIG. 1.
• the support structure 24 comprises a concave support face 124 oriented towards the free end 26 of the second branch 10.
• the support structure 24 shown is a rod, one end 25 of which is integral with the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2, said rod being curved in an arc according to a concavity turned towards the free end 26 of the second branch 10, and along a radius greater than the mean radius of an inch of user.
• the support structure advantageously forms an arc of approximately 90 degrees.
• the longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 has a length substantially equal to the average diameter of an inch of user, to form a support zone of sufficient length for the support of the thumb.
• This longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 ends with a free end 26 at an angle, set back from the ring 12 when the tool is closed, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1.
• the distance separating the support structure 24 from the intermediate common axis 3 is less than the distance separating the ring 12 from the same intermediate common axis 3.
• the user can hold the tool by engaging the end of his annular in the end-piece 13 of the ring 12 and by engaging the end of his thumb in abutment both on the external face of the longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 and on the concave face of structure support 24 closest to the free end 26 of the second branch 10. It is important that the thumb can be supported on the concave face of support structure 24 furthest from the blades 4 and 8, and not on the front side of support structure 24 closest to the blades 4 and 8.
• this latter arrangement does not allow appropriate holding of the tool when maneuvering the blades 4 and 8 for cutting, and generates a torque of rotation the tool in the anticlockwise direction in FIG. 1, a torque which must then be compensated by an additional effort from the other fingers.
• means can be provided for adjusting the longitudinal position of the support structure 24, so as to vary and fix the distance between the support structure 24 and the intermediate common axis 3.
• a particularly simple solution for adjusting the longitudinal position of the support structure 24 is to provide a set of several removable and interchangeable support structures 24, each comprising a base which is fixed in a receptacle of the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2.
• the support structure rods 24 are offset longitudinally with respect to each other on their respective bases. The user can thus choose the support structure 24 most appropriate to the morphology of his hand, and fix it at the free end of the second branch 10.
• a simplified embodiment can be devoid of articulation 30.
• This simplified embodiment does not allow the orientation of the first receiving member 7, but provides the other advantages of the invention such as the improvement in holding strength. the tool.
• the present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been explicitly described, but it includes the various variants and generalizations thereof contained in the field of claims below.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Scissors And Nippers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=9408887

Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (7)

• 1991
  • 1991-01-15 FR FR9100643A patent/FR2671508B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1992
  • 1992-01-15 EP EP19920903882 patent/EP0567544A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1992-01-15 WO PCT/FR1992/000027 patent/WO1992012832A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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