EP0567544A1 - Hand tool such as pair of scissors or pliers - Google Patents

Hand tool such as pair of scissors or pliers

Info

Publication number
EP0567544A1
EP0567544A1 EP19920903882 EP92903882A EP0567544A1 EP 0567544 A1 EP0567544 A1 EP 0567544A1 EP 19920903882 EP19920903882 EP 19920903882 EP 92903882 A EP92903882 A EP 92903882A EP 0567544 A1 EP0567544 A1 EP 0567544A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receiving member
branch
articulated element
hand tool
tool according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP19920903882
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Taberlet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Financiere Des Bastions SA Ste
Original Assignee
Financiere Des Bastions SA Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Financiere Des Bastions SA Ste filed Critical Financiere Des Bastions SA Ste
Publication of EP0567544A1 publication Critical patent/EP0567544A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B13/00—Hand shears; Scissors
    • B26B13/12—Hand shears; Scissors characterised by the shape of the handles
    • B26B13/20—Hand shears; Scissors characterised by the shape of the handles with gripping bows in the handle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B13/00—Hand shears; Scissors
    • B26B13/22—Hand shears; Scissors combined with auxiliary implements, e.g. with cigar cutter, with manicure instrument
    • B26B13/24—Hand shears; Scissors combined with auxiliary implements, e.g. with cigar cutter, with manicure instrument to aid hair cutting

Definitions

  • HAND TOOL SUCH AS A PAIR OF SCISSORS OR A PAIR OF PLIERS
  • the present invention relates to hand tools such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular pairs of scissors for cutting hair by a hairdresser.
  • hand tools such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular pairs of scissors for cutting hair by a hairdresser.
  • the hairdresser must be able to keep the pair of scissors that he uses in a substantially constant position, practically in a vertical plane, regardless of the place of the cut on and around the head of the client and the relative position thereof which, obviously, does not remain immutable during a whole hairdressing session.
  • Scissors are known which are suitable for cutting hair, for example the scissors described in document FR-A-2 627 421, comprising first and second elements articulated around an intermediate common axis, each element comprising an extended cutting blade beyond the axis of articulation by a branch provided with a receiving member adapted for operation by the end of a hand finger of the hairdresser.
  • the receiving members are rings located in the longitudinal plane of each of the articulated elements.
  • the pair of scissors is held in the hand by engaging the ring finger of the hand in the ring of the first branch, the ring of the second branch being designed to receive the thumb of the hairdresser with whom the latter controls, in its plane, the movement of the second branch making the cut, the first branch held by the ring finger remaining substantially fixed.
  • Document FR-A-2 627 421 provides for this that each of the branches provided with the rings in which the fingers of the hairdresser engage are provided with an adjustable connection, allowing each of the rings to pivot freely along a longitudinal axis. pivoting parallel to the longitudinal axis of each of the articulated elements. It is thus possible to modify the inclination of the plane of the rings relative to the cutting plane of the blades.
  • the first receiving organ comprises a transverse end piece in the form of a cylindrical tube closed at one end and open at the other, the end piece being screwed into one of the rings for its axial adjustment;
  • the second receiving member is formed by an open ring forming a concave bearing face oriented towards the axis of articulation.
  • the device described in this document requires using the two hands of the hairdresser to adjust the pivoting of one and the other of the rings around their respective longitudinal pivot axis.
  • the presence of the closed transverse nozzle practically prevents the easy adjustment of the axial position of the finger in the ring.
  • the adaptation of the thumb in the second receiving member, pressing against the bearing face of the open ring induces a force for pivoting the tool, force which the user must balance by the ring finger introduced in the first receiving organ. This results in unnecessary fatigue of the fingers.
  • the present invention aims in particular to overcome these drawbacks, by proposing a new tool structure, which can be used not only for a pair of hair cutting scissors, but also for a pair of pliers such as surgical pliers, the structure being such that it makes it possible to significantly improve the holding of the tool, without inducing finger fatigue.
  • a problem proposed by the present invention is thus to design a tool having simultaneously the following particularities:
  • the tool must be able to be held by a single hand finger, namely the ring finger, passed through a particular structure of the first receiving member, the tool not having to pivot around this finger,
  • the second receiving member configured to receive the thumb from the same hand, must ensure the freedom of movement of this thumb for its introduction and its extraction with respect to said second receiving member, the introduction and extraction of the thumb in front furthermore, it is carried out without requiring excessive deformation of the fingers of the hand,
  • the invention also makes it possible to improve the comfort and the holding of the tool by the user's ring finger, by allowing an adaptation tion with little play of the ring finger in the corresponding receiving member, and without preventing the user from folding his ring finger.
  • Another problem proposed by the invention is to allow the adjustment of the orientation of the cutting or pivoting plane of the articulated elements, relative to the direction of the phalanxes of fingers engaged in the receiving organs, this adjustment having to be ensured directly by the only hand engaged on the tool, without requiring the use of the other hand of the user.
  • the invention further provides for improving the positioning and holding of the tool by the other fingers of the user, and in particular by the little finger.
  • the hand tool according to the invention such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular a pair of scissors for cutting hair, has a first and a second elements articulated around an intermediate common axis, each element comprising a useful part such as a cutting blade or a pliers head, extended beyond the intermediate common axis by a branch provided with a receiving member adapted for the operation by the end of a user's finger.
  • the first receiving member of the first articulated element comprises a generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage in which the ring finger of a user's hand can engage; according to the invention:
  • the second receiving member of the second articulated element comprises a longitudinal end portion of the second branch, associated with a transverse support structure developing substantially in the pivot plane of the articulated elements opposite the first articulated element,
  • the support structure has a concave support face oriented towards the free end of the second branch, so that the user can hold the tool by its first articulated element by engaging the end of its annular in the passage transverse tubular of the first receiving member, and can maneuver the second articulated element by applying the end of his thumb in support in the open enveloping housing formed by the longitudinal end part and the concave support face of the support structure.
  • the user can hold the tool by engaging the end of his ring finger in the transverse tubular passage of the first receiving member, and can maneuver the tool by the end of his thumb resting on the second member receiver.
  • the second receiving member of the second articulated element is fixed, that is to say integral with the corresponding branch of the second articulated element and without the possibility of axial rotation relative to said second articulated element, while the the first receiving member is connected to the corresponding branch of the first articulated element by an articulation with a longitudinal pivot axis, in order to orient the first receiving member around its longitudinal pivot axis.
  • this structure allows the free axial pivoting of the second branch relative to the thumb; and a voluntary push or pull of the thumb on the second branch makes the whole tool pivot around the longitudinal pivot axis of the first receiving member of the first articulated element, without the user needing to intervene with his second hand.
  • the support structure may advantageously be a rod, one end of which is integral with the branch of the second articulated element, the said rod being curved in an arc according to a concavity turned towards the free end of the branch of the second articulated element, and along a greater radius. at the average radius of one user inch; the support structure preferably forms an arc of about 90 degrees.
  • the support structure is adjustable in longitudinal position, to vary and fix the distance between the support structure and the intermediate common axis.
  • This adjustment can be obtained by providing a set of several removable and interchangeable support structures each comprising a base which is fixed in a receptacle of the branch of the second articulated element, the rods of support structures being offset longitudinally relative to each other. to others on their respective bases.
  • the first receiving member can be in one piece.
  • the first receiving member may comprise a ring in which is engaged a nozzle provided with said generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage.
  • the tip of the first receiving member is advantageously a cylindrical sleeve open at its two ends, provided with an outer end collar.
  • the outside diameter of the sleeve is adapted to be introduced axially by force into the opening of the ring until the flange bears against the ring.
  • the inside diameter of the sleeve is adapted to receive the end knuckles of the user's ring finger with little play.
  • the tool can then be held by the phalanxes of the ring finger alone, without pivoting around said phalanxes.
  • the sleeve is easily interchangeable, and a set of several sleeves is provided allowing adaptation to different diameters of annulars.
  • the distance separating the second receiving member and the intermediate common axis is less than the distance separating the first receiving member and the intermediate common axis.
  • FIG. 1 is a general side view of a pair of scissors according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the pair of scissors according to Figure 1, in longitudinal section along the axis I-I of Figure 1.
  • the hand tool according to the invention is a pair of scissors.
  • the pair of scissors conventionally comprises a first element 1 and a second element
  • the first articulated element 1 comprises a useful part 4 in the form of a cutting blade with a cutting edge 5, which extends beyond the intermediate common axis 3 by a first branch 6 provided with a first receiving member 7 adapted for operation by the end of a hand finger of a user.
  • the second articulated element 2 comprises a second useful part 8 in the form of a cutting blade, with a cutting edge 9, the second cutting blade 8 extending, beyond the intermediate common axis 3, by a second branch 10 provided with a second receiving member 11 also suitable for operation by the end of a user's hand finger.
  • the first receiving member 7 comprises a ring 12 situated in a plane substantially parallel to the mean longitudinal axis II-II of the first branch 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the ring 12 is slightly offset, in the plane defined by the blades 4 and 8, outwards opposite the second branch 10.
  • a tip 13 is engaged in the ring 12.
  • the tip 13 constitutes a generally cylindrical receiving member in which the ring finger of a hand of the user can engage.
  • the end piece 13 of the first receiving member consists of a generally hollow cylindrical sleeve 14 open at its two ends, provided with an external end flange 15.
  • the external peripheral face 16 of the sleeve 14 has an external diameter suitable for being axially forced into the central opening of the ring 12 until the flange 15 bears against the ring 12.
  • the inner face 17 of the sleeve generally cylindrical or slightly conical, has a diameter suitable for receiving axially at low clearance the end of the user's ring finger.
  • the length of the endpiece 13 is preferably such that the length of the transverse tubular passage 18 of the first receiving member 7 is between 10 and 30 millimeters approximately. Good results are obtained with a length of about 17 millimeters. This achieves a good compromise between sufficient retention of the finger in the receiving member and sufficient freedom of the finger allowing the flexing of its joints.
  • the axis III-III of the central bore or transverse tubular passage 18 of the end piece 13 is advantageously pivoted by an angle A relative to the perpendicular to the mean longitudinal axis II-II of the first articulated element 1, in the plane containing the longitudinal axis II-II and the intermediate common axis 3.
  • the angle A is advantageously between 10 and 20 degrees approximately, in the direction shown in the figures, direction in which the the opening provided with the flange 15 is further from the blades 4 and 8 than the opening opposite the flange 15.
  • the appropriate angle A is obtained when the end piece 13 is positioned in the ring 12 in a preferred axial orientation, this orientation can be materialized by respective benchmarks or any other means such as engaging parts.
  • the ring 12 of the first articulated element 1 is pivotally mounted about a longitudinal pivot axis 19 of the first articulated element 1, so as to freely orient the ring 12 around said longitudinal pivot axis 19.
  • the ring 12 of the first receiving member 7 is connected to the first corresponding branch 6 by an articulation 30 with a longitudinal pivot axis 19.
  • Braking means 20 are provided for selectively braking or blocking said pivoting of the ring 12 around its pivot axis 19, thus holding the ring in position when the appropriate orientation has been chosen by the user. To pivot the ring 12, it is therefore necessary to provide a sufficient torque, greater than the braking torque provided by the braking means 20.
  • the torque of the braking means 20 is adjusted by construction in an appropriate manner, to that the ring 12 can pivot by a voluntary action of the fingers of the user, and so that the ring 12 does not pivot during normal rotations of the articulated elements 1 and 2 around their intermediate common axis.
  • the torque of the braking means is made adjustable by the user, who can thus block or unblock the rotation. Another possibility, preferable in certain uses, consists in eliminating any braking means 20, to allow free rotation of the ring.
  • the articulation 30 of the first receiving member 7 is close to the transverse tubular passage 18 or the ring 12.
  • the index and middle finger of the hand holding the tool can thus rest on a fixed portion of the first branch 6
  • the rotation of the annular phalanx engaged in the first receiving member 7 does not therefore cause the rotation of the phalanges adjacent to the index and middle fingers.
  • Comfort and hold are improved.
  • a set of several end pieces is provided, such as the end piece 13, each having the same external shape and in particular the same outside face diameter 16 and the same flange 15, and having different inside face diameters 17, to adapt to different ring finger sizes.
  • the end piece 13 is simply engaged in force in the ring 12, so that the interchangeability is simplified.
  • the same end piece 13 can be introduced indifferently by one or the other of the two faces of the ring 12, defining respectively a right-handed tool and a left handed tool.
  • the tip 13 is intended to form a guide in which the end of the annular is engaged.
  • the tool must thus hold sufficiently in position, held by the annular alone, without the possibility of axial translation or axial rotation of the tool around the annular.
  • the sleeve 14 of the end piece 13 must have an internal diameter sufficiently close to the external diameter of the user's annular, so that sufficient friction exists between the annular and the sleeve 14. It does not However, the ring finger should not be tightened too violently in the sleeve 14, to avoid the discomfort linked to perspiration and to the cut in blood circulation.
  • the sleeve 14 can advantageously be made of a slightly elastic material, promoting adhesion between the sleeve 14 and the ring finger without requiring excessive tightening.
  • the length of the sleeve 14 is substantially equal to its diameter.
  • the inner surface of the sleeve 14 may advantageously include irregularities such as ribs and grooves, cells, bosses, favoring the ventilation of the skin in contact with said sleeve.
  • the first branch 6 of the first element 1 extends, beyond the ring 12, opposite to the intermediate common axis 3, by an extension 21 provided with a bearing face 22 close to the longitudinal axis II-II of the first branch.
  • the support face 22 is intended to be oriented, by pivoting of the ring 12 around its longitudinal pivot axis 19, opposite the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2.
  • the support face 22 allows the user to let his little finger adjacent to said ring finger inserted in the nozzle 13 rest against said face 22.
  • the second receiving member 11, mounted on the second articulated element 2, comprises a longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10, associated with a transverse support structure 24 developing substantially in the pivot plane of the articulated elements 1 and 2 opposite the first articulated element 1, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the support structure 24 comprises a concave support face 124 oriented towards the free end 26 of the second branch 10.
  • the support structure 24 shown is a rod, one end 25 of which is integral with the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2, said rod being curved in an arc according to a concavity turned towards the free end 26 of the second branch 10, and along a radius greater than the mean radius of an inch of user.
  • the support structure advantageously forms an arc of approximately 90 degrees.
  • the longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 has a length substantially equal to the average diameter of an inch of user, to form a support zone of sufficient length for the support of the thumb.
  • This longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 ends with a free end 26 at an angle, set back from the ring 12 when the tool is closed, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1.
  • the distance separating the support structure 24 from the intermediate common axis 3 is less than the distance separating the ring 12 from the same intermediate common axis 3.
  • the user can hold the tool by engaging the end of his annular in the end-piece 13 of the ring 12 and by engaging the end of his thumb in abutment both on the external face of the longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 and on the concave face of structure support 24 closest to the free end 26 of the second branch 10. It is important that the thumb can be supported on the concave face of support structure 24 furthest from the blades 4 and 8, and not on the front side of support structure 24 closest to the blades 4 and 8.
  • this latter arrangement does not allow appropriate holding of the tool when maneuvering the blades 4 and 8 for cutting, and generates a torque of rotation the tool in the anticlockwise direction in FIG. 1, a torque which must then be compensated by an additional effort from the other fingers.
  • means can be provided for adjusting the longitudinal position of the support structure 24, so as to vary and fix the distance between the support structure 24 and the intermediate common axis 3.
  • a particularly simple solution for adjusting the longitudinal position of the support structure 24 is to provide a set of several removable and interchangeable support structures 24, each comprising a base which is fixed in a receptacle of the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2.
  • the support structure rods 24 are offset longitudinally with respect to each other on their respective bases. The user can thus choose the support structure 24 most appropriate to the morphology of his hand, and fix it at the free end of the second branch 10.
  • a simplified embodiment can be devoid of articulation 30.
  • This simplified embodiment does not allow the orientation of the first receiving member 7, but provides the other advantages of the invention such as the improvement in holding strength. the tool.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been explicitly described, but it includes the various variants and generalizations thereof contained in the field of claims below.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)

Abstract

L'outil selon l'invention comprend un premier organe récepteur (7) comportant un anneau (12) articulé autour d'un axe longitudinal de pivotement (19), et dans lequel s'engage un embout (13) interchangeable. Un second organe récepteur (11) est constitué d'une structure d'appui (24), en arc de cercle, se développant vers l'extérieur, et plus rapprochée de l'axe commun intermédiaire (3) que le premier organe récepteur (7). Les organes récepteurs (7, 11) permettent l'introduction de deux doigts de main, pour la manoeuvre des branches (6, 10) de deux éléments articulés (1, 2) autour de leur axe commun intermédiaire (3). Les parties utiles des éléments articulés (1, 2) peuvent être des lames tranchantes (4, 8) ou des pinces.The tool according to the invention comprises a first receiving member (7) comprising a ring (12) articulated around a longitudinal pivot axis (19), and in which engages an interchangeable tip (13). A second receiving member (11) consists of a support structure (24), in an arc of a circle, developing towards the outside, and closer to the intermediate common axis (3) than the first receiving member ( 7). The receiving members (7, 11) allow the introduction of two fingers, for the operation of the branches (6, 10) of two articulated elements (1, 2) around their intermediate common axis (3). The useful parts of the articulated elements (1, 2) can be sharp blades (4, 8) or pliers.

Description

OUTIL A MAIN TEL QU'UNE PAIRE DE CISEAUX OU UNE PAIRE DE PINCES HAND TOOL SUCH AS A PAIR OF SCISSORS OR A PAIR OF PLIERS
La présente invention concerne les outils à main tels qu'une paire de ciseaux ou une paire de pinces, notamment les paires de ciseaux pour la coupe des cheveux par un coiffeur. On sait que, pour la coupe des cheveux d'un client, le coiffeur doit pouvoir garder la paire de ciseaux qu'il utilise dans une position sensiblement constante, pratiquement dans un plan vertical, quel que soit l'endroit de la coupe sur et autour de la tête du client et la position relative de celle-ci qui, à l'évidence, ne reste pas immuable pendant toute une séance de coiffure.The present invention relates to hand tools such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular pairs of scissors for cutting hair by a hairdresser. We know that, for a client's haircut, the hairdresser must be able to keep the pair of scissors that he uses in a substantially constant position, practically in a vertical plane, regardless of the place of the cut on and around the head of the client and the relative position thereof which, obviously, does not remain immutable during a whole hairdressing session.
On connaît des ciseaux adaptés à la coupe des cheveux, par exemple les ciseaux décrits dans le document FR-A-2 627 421, comportant un premier et un second éléments articulés autour d'un axe commun intermédiaire, chaque élément comprenant une lame coupante prolongée au- delà de l'axe d'articulation par une branche munie d'un organe récepteur adapté pour la manoeuvre par l'extrémité d'un doigt de main du coiffeur. Les organes récepteurs sont des anneaux situés dans le plan longitudinal de chacun des éléments articulés. La tenue en main de la paire de ciseaux est réalisée en engageant l'annulaire de la main dans l'anneau de la première branche, l'anneau de la seconde branche étant prévu pour recevoir le pouce du coiffeur avec lequel celui-ci commande, dans son plan, le mouvement de la seconde branche réalisant la coupe, la première branche tenue par l'annulaire restant sensiblement fixe.Scissors are known which are suitable for cutting hair, for example the scissors described in document FR-A-2 627 421, comprising first and second elements articulated around an intermediate common axis, each element comprising an extended cutting blade beyond the axis of articulation by a branch provided with a receiving member adapted for operation by the end of a hand finger of the hairdresser. The receiving members are rings located in the longitudinal plane of each of the articulated elements. The pair of scissors is held in the hand by engaging the ring finger of the hand in the ring of the first branch, the ring of the second branch being designed to receive the thumb of the hairdresser with whom the latter controls, in its plane, the movement of the second branch making the cut, the first branch held by the ring finger remaining substantially fixed.
Selon la position de la tête à coiffer ou l'endroit de la coupe, il est nécessaire d'orienter convenablement les lames coupantes pour régler le plan de coupe. Cette orientation est parfois difficile, et exige en particulier une rotation variable du poignet, dans certains cas à la limite des facultés de débattement de celui-ci. Le document FR- A-2 627 421 prévoit pour cela que chacune des branches munies des anneaux dans lesquels s'engagent les doigts de main du coiffeur est munie d'un raccord orientable, permettant de faire pivoter librement chacun des anneaux selon un axe longitudinal de pivotement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de chacun des éléments articulés. On peut ainsi modifier l'inclinaison du plan des anneaux par rapport au plan de coupe des lames.Depending on the position of the head to be styled or the location of the cut, it is necessary to orient the cutting blades properly to adjust the cutting plane. This orientation is sometimes difficult, and in particular requires variable rotation of the wrist, in some cases bordering on the latter's ability to move. Document FR-A-2 627 421 provides for this that each of the branches provided with the rings in which the fingers of the hairdresser engage are provided with an adjustable connection, allowing each of the rings to pivot freely along a longitudinal axis. pivoting parallel to the longitudinal axis of each of the articulated elements. It is thus possible to modify the inclination of the plane of the rings relative to the cutting plane of the blades.
Ce même document décrit en outre une structure particulière d'organes récepteurs de doigts : le premier organe récepteur comprend un embout transversal en forme de tube cylindrique fermé à une extrémité et ouvert à l'autre, l'embout étant vissé dans l'un des anneaux pour son réglage axial ; le second organe récepteur est formé par un anneau ouvert formant une face d'appui concave orientée vers l'axe d'articula- tion.This same document also describes a particular structure of finger receiving organs: the first receiving organ comprises a transverse end piece in the form of a cylindrical tube closed at one end and open at the other, the end piece being screwed into one of the rings for its axial adjustment; the second receiving member is formed by an open ring forming a concave bearing face oriented towards the axis of articulation.
Le dispositif décrit dans ce document nécessite d'utiliser les deux mains du coiffeur pour régler le pivotement de l'un et l'autre des anneaux autour de leur axe de pivotement longitudinal respectif. D'autre part la présence de l'embout transversal fermé empêche pratiquement le réglage aisé de position axiale du doigt dans l'anneau. Egalement, 1'adaptation du pouce dans le second organe récepteur, en appui contre la face d'appui de l'anneau ouvert, induit un effort de pivotement de l'outil, effort que l'utilisateur doit équilibrer par l'annulaire introduit dans le premier organe récepteur. Il en résulte une fatigue inutile des doigts.The device described in this document requires using the two hands of the hairdresser to adjust the pivoting of one and the other of the rings around their respective longitudinal pivot axis. On the other hand the presence of the closed transverse nozzle practically prevents the easy adjustment of the axial position of the finger in the ring. Also, the adaptation of the thumb in the second receiving member, pressing against the bearing face of the open ring, induces a force for pivoting the tool, force which the user must balance by the ring finger introduced in the first receiving organ. This results in unnecessary fatigue of the fingers.
La présente invention vise notamment à pallier ces inconvé¬ nients, en proposant une structure nouvelle d'outil, pouvant être utilisée non seulement pour une paire de ciseaux de coupe de cheveux, mais également pour une paire de pinces telles que des pinces de chirurgie, la structure étant telle qu'elle permet d'améliorer sensible¬ ment la tenue de l'outil, sans induire de fatigue des doigts. Un problème proposé par la présente invention est ainsi de concevoir un outil présentant simultanément les particularités suivantes :The present invention aims in particular to overcome these drawbacks, by proposing a new tool structure, which can be used not only for a pair of hair cutting scissors, but also for a pair of pliers such as surgical pliers, the structure being such that it makes it possible to significantly improve the holding of the tool, without inducing finger fatigue. A problem proposed by the present invention is thus to design a tool having simultaneously the following particularities:
- l'outil doit pouvoir être tenu par un seul doigt de main, à savoir l'annulaire, passé dans une structure particulière de premier organe récepteur, l'outil ne devant pas pivoter autour de ce doigt,the tool must be able to be held by a single hand finger, namely the ring finger, passed through a particular structure of the first receiving member, the tool not having to pivot around this finger,
- le second organe récepteur, conformé pour recevoir le pouce de la même main, doit assurer la liberté de mouvement de ce pouce pour son introduction et son extraction par rapport audit second organe récep- teur, l'introduction et l'extraction du pouce devant en outre s'effec¬ tuer sans nécessiter de déformations excessives des doigts de la main,the second receiving member, configured to receive the thumb from the same hand, must ensure the freedom of movement of this thumb for its introduction and its extraction with respect to said second receiving member, the introduction and extraction of the thumb in front furthermore, it is carried out without requiring excessive deformation of the fingers of the hand,
- pendant 1'actionnement de l'outil par le pouce et l'annulaire, les efforts de rotation de l'outil induits par le pouce doivent être équilibrés par l'appui naturel des autres doigts sur l'outil, sans nécessiter d'efforts supplémentaires de compensation.- during the actuation of the tool by the thumb and the ring finger, the forces of rotation of the tool induced by the thumb must be balanced by the natural support of the other fingers on the tool, without requiring efforts additional compensation.
L'invention permet également d'améliorer le confort et la tenue de l'outil par l'annulaire de l'utilisateur, en permettant une adapta- tion à faible jeu de l'annulaire dans l'organe récepteur correspondant, et sans interdire à l'utilisateur de plier son annulaire.The invention also makes it possible to improve the comfort and the holding of the tool by the user's ring finger, by allowing an adaptation tion with little play of the ring finger in the corresponding receiving member, and without preventing the user from folding his ring finger.
Un autre problème proposé par l'invention est de permettre le réglage de l'orientation du plan de coupe ou de pivotement des éléments articulés, par rapport à la direction des phalanges de doigts engagées dans les organes récepteurs, ce réglage devant être assuré directement par la seule main engagée sur l'outil, sans nécessiter l'usage de l'autre main de l'utilisateur.Another problem proposed by the invention is to allow the adjustment of the orientation of the cutting or pivoting plane of the articulated elements, relative to the direction of the phalanxes of fingers engaged in the receiving organs, this adjustment having to be ensured directly by the only hand engaged on the tool, without requiring the use of the other hand of the user.
L'invention prévoit en outre d'améliorer le positionnement et la tenue de l'outil par les autres doigts de l'utilisateur, et en particulier par l'auriculaire.The invention further provides for improving the positioning and holding of the tool by the other fingers of the user, and in particular by the little finger.
L'invention prévoit enfin des moyens permettant de régler de manière très simple et économique la position longitudinale relative des organes récepteurs de doigts l'un par rapport à l'autre. Pour atteindre ces objets ainsi que d'autres, l'outil à main selon l'invention, tel qu'une paire de ciseaux ou une paire de pinces, notamment une paire de ciseaux pour la coupe de cheveux, comporte un premier et un second éléments articulés autour d'un axe commun intermédiaire, chaque élément comprenant une partie utile telle qu'une lame coupante ou une tête de pince, prolongée au-delà de l'axe commun intermédiaire par une branche munie d'un organe récepteur adapté pour la manoeuvre par l'extrémité d'un doigt de main d'un utilisateur. Le premier organe récepteur du premier élément articulé comprend un passage tubulaire transversal généralement cylindrique dans lequel l'annulaire d'une main de l'utilisateur peut s'engager ; selon l'invention :The invention finally provides means making it possible to adjust in a very simple and economical manner the relative longitudinal position of the finger receiving members with respect to each other. To achieve these and other objects, the hand tool according to the invention, such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular a pair of scissors for cutting hair, has a first and a second elements articulated around an intermediate common axis, each element comprising a useful part such as a cutting blade or a pliers head, extended beyond the intermediate common axis by a branch provided with a receiving member adapted for the operation by the end of a user's finger. The first receiving member of the first articulated element comprises a generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage in which the ring finger of a user's hand can engage; according to the invention:
- le second organe récepteur du second élément articulé comprend une partie longitudinale d'extrémité de la seconde branche, associée à une structure d'appui transversale se développant sensiblement dans le plan de pivotement des éléments articulés à l'opposé du premier élément articulé,the second receiving member of the second articulated element comprises a longitudinal end portion of the second branch, associated with a transverse support structure developing substantially in the pivot plane of the articulated elements opposite the first articulated element,
- la structure d'appui présente une face d'appui concave orientée vers l'extrémité libre de seconde branche, de sorte que l'utilisateur peut tenir l'outil par son premier élément articulé en engageant l'extrémité de son annulaire dans le passage tubulaire transversal du premier organe récepteur, et peut manoeuvrer le second élément articulé en appliquant l'extrémité de son pouce en appui dans le logement enveloppant ouvert formé par la partie longitudinale d'extrémité et la face d'appui concave de structure d'appui.- The support structure has a concave support face oriented towards the free end of the second branch, so that the user can hold the tool by its first articulated element by engaging the end of its annular in the passage transverse tubular of the first receiving member, and can maneuver the second articulated element by applying the end of his thumb in support in the open enveloping housing formed by the longitudinal end part and the concave support face of the support structure.
Avec une telle structure, l'utilisateur peut tenir l'outil en engageant l'extrémité de son annulaire dans le passage tubulaire transversal du premier organe récepteur, et peut manoeuvrer l'outil par l'extrémité de son pouce en appui sur le second organe récepteur.With such a structure, the user can hold the tool by engaging the end of his ring finger in the transverse tubular passage of the first receiving member, and can maneuver the tool by the end of his thumb resting on the second member receiver.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le second organe récepteur du second élément articulé est fixe, c'est-à-dire solidaire de la branche correspondante du second élément articulé et sans possibilité de rotation axiale par rapport audit second élément articulé, tandis que le premier organe récepteur est relié à la branche correspondante de premier élément articulé par une articulation à axe de pivotement longitudinal, pour orienter le premier organe récepteur autour de son axe de pivotement longitudinal. On comprend en particulier que, par le fait que le pouce de l'utilisateur est simplement engagé dans le second organe récepteur fixe, simultanément contre la structure d'appui et contre la partie longitudinale d'extrémité de seconde branche, cette structure permet le libre pivotement axial de la seconde branche par rapport au pouce ; et une poussée ou une traction volontaire du pouce sur la seconde branche fait pivoter l'ensemble de l'outil autour de l'axe de pivotement longitudinal du premier organe récepteur du premier élément articulé, sans que l'utilisateur ait besoin d'intervenir avec sa seconde main.According to an advantageous embodiment, the second receiving member of the second articulated element is fixed, that is to say integral with the corresponding branch of the second articulated element and without the possibility of axial rotation relative to said second articulated element, while the the first receiving member is connected to the corresponding branch of the first articulated element by an articulation with a longitudinal pivot axis, in order to orient the first receiving member around its longitudinal pivot axis. It is understood in particular that, by the fact that the user's thumb is simply engaged in the second fixed receiving member, simultaneously against the support structure and against the longitudinal end portion of the second branch, this structure allows the free axial pivoting of the second branch relative to the thumb; and a voluntary push or pull of the thumb on the second branch makes the whole tool pivot around the longitudinal pivot axis of the first receiving member of the first articulated element, without the user needing to intervene with his second hand.
En choisissant de manière appropriée des moyens de freinage freinant le pivotement autour de l'axe longitudinal de pivotement, on permet à l'utilisateur de faire pivoter l'outil volontairement autour de cet axe de pivotement, l'outil restant ensuite selon l'orientation choisie pendant la manoeuvre normale des éléments articulés autour de leur axe commun intermédiaire. La structure d'appui peut avantageusement être une tige dont une extrémité est solidaire de la branche de second élément articulé, ladite tige étant incurvée en arc selon une concavité tournée vers l'extrémité libre de branche de second élément articulé, et selon un rayon supérieur au rayon moyen d'un pouce d'utilisateur ; la structure d'appui forme, de préférence, un arc de cercle d'environ 90 degrés.By appropriately choosing braking means braking the pivoting about the longitudinal pivot axis, the user is allowed to pivot the tool voluntarily around this pivot axis, the tool then remaining in the orientation chosen during the normal maneuver of the elements articulated around their intermediate common axis. The support structure may advantageously be a rod, one end of which is integral with the branch of the second articulated element, the said rod being curved in an arc according to a concavity turned towards the free end of the branch of the second articulated element, and along a greater radius. at the average radius of one user inch; the support structure preferably forms an arc of about 90 degrees.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la structure d'appui est réglable en position longitudinale, pour faire varier et fixer la distance entre la structure d'appui et l'axe commun intermédiaire. Ce réglage peut être obtenu en prévoyant un jeu de plusieurs structures d'appui amovibles et interchangeables comportant chacune une base venant se fixer dans un réceptacle de la branche de second élément articulé, les tiges de structures d'appui étant décalées longitudinalement les unes par rapport aux autres sur leurs bases respectives.According to a preferred embodiment, the support structure is adjustable in longitudinal position, to vary and fix the distance between the support structure and the intermediate common axis. This adjustment can be obtained by providing a set of several removable and interchangeable support structures each comprising a base which is fixed in a receptacle of the branch of the second articulated element, the rods of support structures being offset longitudinally relative to each other. to others on their respective bases.
Le premier organe récepteur peut être monobloc. En alternative, le premier organe récepteur peut comprendre un anneau dans lequel est engagé un embout muni dudit passage tubulaire transversal généralement cylindrique.The first receiving member can be in one piece. Alternatively, the first receiving member may comprise a ring in which is engaged a nozzle provided with said generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage.
L'embout du premier organe récepteur est avantageusement un manchon cylindrique ouvert à ses deux extrémités, muni d'une collerette extérieure d'extrémité. Le diamètre extérieur du manchon est adapté pour être introduit axialement en force dans l'ouverture de l'anneau jusqu'à faire porter la collerette en appui contre l'anneau. Le diamètre intérieur du manchon est adapté pour recevoir à faible jeu les phalanges d'extrémité de l'annulaire de l'utilisateur. L'outil peut alors être tenu par les seules phalanges d'annulaire, sans pivoter autour desdites phalanges. Le manchon est aisément interchangeable, et l'on prévoit un jeu de plusieurs manchons permettant l'adaptation à des diamètres différents d'annulaires.The tip of the first receiving member is advantageously a cylindrical sleeve open at its two ends, provided with an outer end collar. The outside diameter of the sleeve is adapted to be introduced axially by force into the opening of the ring until the flange bears against the ring. The inside diameter of the sleeve is adapted to receive the end knuckles of the user's ring finger with little play. The tool can then be held by the phalanxes of the ring finger alone, without pivoting around said phalanxes. The sleeve is easily interchangeable, and a set of several sleeves is provided allowing adaptation to different diameters of annulars.
De préférence, la-distance séparant le second organe- récepteur et l'axe commun intermédiaire est inférieure à la distance qui sépare le premier organe récepteur et l'axe commun intermédiaire. D'autres objets, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description suivante de modes de réalisa¬ tion particuliers, faite en relation avec les figures jointes, parmi lesquelles :Preferably, the distance separating the second receiving member and the intermediate common axis is less than the distance separating the first receiving member and the intermediate common axis. Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the following description of particular embodiments, made in relation to the attached figures, among which:
- la figure 1 est une vue générale de côté d'une paire de ciseaux selon l'invention ; et- Figure 1 is a general side view of a pair of scissors according to the invention; and
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus de la paire de ciseaux selon la figure 1, en coupe longitudinale selon l'axe I-I de la figure 1.- Figure 2 is a top view of the pair of scissors according to Figure 1, in longitudinal section along the axis I-I of Figure 1.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, l'outil à main selon l'invention est une paire de ciseaux. La paire de ciseaux comporte, de façon classique, un premier élément 1 et un second élémentIn the embodiment shown in the figures, the hand tool according to the invention is a pair of scissors. The pair of scissors conventionally comprises a first element 1 and a second element
2 articulés l'un à l'autre autour d'un axe commun intermédaire 3. Le premier élément articulé 1 comprend une partie utile 4 sous forme d'une lame coupante avec un tranchant 5, qui se prolonge au-delà de l'axe commun intermédiaire 3 par une première branche 6 munie d'un premier organe récepteur 7 adapté pour la manoeuvre par l'extrémité d'un doigt de main d'un utilisateur. De même, le second élément articulé 2 comprend une seconde partie utile 8 sous forme d'une lame coupante, avec un tranchant 9, la seconde lame coupante 8 se prolongeant, au-delà de l'axe commun intermédiaire 3, par une seconde branche 10 munie d'un second organe récepteur 11 également adapté pour la manoeuvre par l'extrémité d'un doigt de main d'un utilisateur. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le premier organe récepteur 7 comprend un anneau 12 situé dans un plan sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal moyen II-II de la première branche 6. Comme le représente la figure 1, l'anneau 12 est légèrement décalé, dans le plan défini par les lames 4 et 8, vers l'extérieur à l'opposé de la seconde branche 10.2 articulated to each other around an intermediate common axis 3. The first articulated element 1 comprises a useful part 4 in the form of a cutting blade with a cutting edge 5, which extends beyond the intermediate common axis 3 by a first branch 6 provided with a first receiving member 7 adapted for operation by the end of a hand finger of a user. Similarly, the second articulated element 2 comprises a second useful part 8 in the form of a cutting blade, with a cutting edge 9, the second cutting blade 8 extending, beyond the intermediate common axis 3, by a second branch 10 provided with a second receiving member 11 also suitable for operation by the end of a user's hand finger. In the embodiment shown, the first receiving member 7 comprises a ring 12 situated in a plane substantially parallel to the mean longitudinal axis II-II of the first branch 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the ring 12 is slightly offset, in the plane defined by the blades 4 and 8, outwards opposite the second branch 10.
Un embout 13 est engagé dans l'anneau 12. L'embout 13 constitue un organe récepteur généralement cylindrique dans lequel l'annulaire d'une main de l'utilisateur peut s'engager. L'embout 13 du premier organe récepteur se compose d'un manchon 14 généralement cylindrique creux ouvert à ses deux extrémités, muni d'une collerette extérieure d'extrémité 15. La face périphérique extérieure 16 du manchon 14 présente un diamètre extérieur adapté pour être introduit axialement en force dans l'ouverture centrale de l'anneau 12 jusqu'à faire porter la collerette 15 en appui contre l'anneau 12. La face intérieure 17 du manchon, généralement cylindrique ou faiblemnent conique, présente un diamètre adapté pour recevoir axialement à faible jeu l'extrémité de l'annulaire de l'utilisateur.A tip 13 is engaged in the ring 12. The tip 13 constitutes a generally cylindrical receiving member in which the ring finger of a hand of the user can engage. The end piece 13 of the first receiving member consists of a generally hollow cylindrical sleeve 14 open at its two ends, provided with an external end flange 15. The external peripheral face 16 of the sleeve 14 has an external diameter suitable for being axially forced into the central opening of the ring 12 until the flange 15 bears against the ring 12. The inner face 17 of the sleeve, generally cylindrical or slightly conical, has a diameter suitable for receiving axially at low clearance the end of the user's ring finger.
La longueur de l'embout 13 est, de préférence, telle que la longueur du passage tubulaire transversal 18 de premier organe récepteur 7 est comprise entre 10 et 30 millimètres environ. De bons résultats sont obtenus avec une longueur de 17 millimètres environ. On réalise ainsi un bon compromis entre un maintien suffisant du doigt dans l'organe récepteur et une liberté suffisante du doigt autorisant le fléchissement de ses articulations. L'axe III-III de l'alésage central ou passage tubulaire transversal 18 de l'embout 13 est pivoté avantageusement d'un angle A par rapport à la perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal moyen II-II du premier élément articulé 1, dans le plan contenant l'axe longitudinal II-II et l'axe commun intermédiaire 3. L'angle A est avantageusement compris entre 10 et 20 degrés environ, dans le sens représenté sur les figures, sens dans lequel l'ouverture munie de la collerette 15 est plus éloignée des lames 4 et 8 que l'ouverture opposée à la collerette 15. L'angle A approprié est obtenu lorsque l'embout 13 est positionné dans l'anneau 12 selon une orientation axiale privilégiée, cette orientation pouvant être matérialisée par des repères respectifs ou tout autre moyen tel que des parties engageantes. L'anneau 12 du premier élément articulé 1 est monté pivotant autour d'un axe longitudinal de pivotement 19 du premier élément articulé 1, de façon à orienter librement l'anneau 12 autour dudit axe longitudinal de pivotement 19. Pour cela, l'anneau 12 du premier organe récepteur 7 est relié à la première branche correspondante 6 par une articulation 30 à axe longitudinal de pivotement 19. Des moyens de freinage 20 sont prévus pour freiner ou bloquer sélectivement ledit pivotement de l'anneau 12 autour de son axe de pivotement 19, maintenant ainsi l'anneau en position lorsque l'orientation appropriée a été choisie par l'utilisateur. Pour pivoter l'anneau 12, il faut donc fournir un couple de rotation suffisant, supérieur au couple de freinage assuré par les moyens de freinage 20. Selon une possibilité, le couple des moyens de freinage 20 est réglé par construction de manière appropriée, pour que l'anneau 12 puisse pivoter par une action volontaire des doigts de l'utilisateur, et pour que l'anneau 12 ne pivote pas lors des rotations normales des éléments articulés 1 et 2 autour de leur axe commun intermédiaire. Selon une autre possibilité, le couple des moyens de freinage est rendu réglable par l'utilisateur, qui peut ainsi bloquer ou débloquer la rotation. Une autre possibilité, préférable dans certaines utilisations, consiste à supprimer tout moyen de freinage 20, pour permettre une rotation libre de l'anneau.The length of the endpiece 13 is preferably such that the length of the transverse tubular passage 18 of the first receiving member 7 is between 10 and 30 millimeters approximately. Good results are obtained with a length of about 17 millimeters. This achieves a good compromise between sufficient retention of the finger in the receiving member and sufficient freedom of the finger allowing the flexing of its joints. The axis III-III of the central bore or transverse tubular passage 18 of the end piece 13 is advantageously pivoted by an angle A relative to the perpendicular to the mean longitudinal axis II-II of the first articulated element 1, in the plane containing the longitudinal axis II-II and the intermediate common axis 3. The angle A is advantageously between 10 and 20 degrees approximately, in the direction shown in the figures, direction in which the the opening provided with the flange 15 is further from the blades 4 and 8 than the opening opposite the flange 15. The appropriate angle A is obtained when the end piece 13 is positioned in the ring 12 in a preferred axial orientation, this orientation can be materialized by respective benchmarks or any other means such as engaging parts. The ring 12 of the first articulated element 1 is pivotally mounted about a longitudinal pivot axis 19 of the first articulated element 1, so as to freely orient the ring 12 around said longitudinal pivot axis 19. For this, the ring 12 of the first receiving member 7 is connected to the first corresponding branch 6 by an articulation 30 with a longitudinal pivot axis 19. Braking means 20 are provided for selectively braking or blocking said pivoting of the ring 12 around its pivot axis 19, thus holding the ring in position when the appropriate orientation has been chosen by the user. To pivot the ring 12, it is therefore necessary to provide a sufficient torque, greater than the braking torque provided by the braking means 20. According to one possibility, the torque of the braking means 20 is adjusted by construction in an appropriate manner, to that the ring 12 can pivot by a voluntary action of the fingers of the user, and so that the ring 12 does not pivot during normal rotations of the articulated elements 1 and 2 around their intermediate common axis. According to another possibility, the torque of the braking means is made adjustable by the user, who can thus block or unblock the rotation. Another possibility, preferable in certain uses, consists in eliminating any braking means 20, to allow free rotation of the ring.
De préférence, l'articulation 30 du premier organe récepteur 7 est proche du passage tubulaire transversal 18 ou de l'anneau 12. L'index et le majeur de la main tenant l'outil peuvent ainsi reposer sur une portion fixe de première branche 6. La rotation de phalange d'annulaire engagée dans le premier organe récepteur 7 n'entraîne ainsi pas la rotation des phalanges voisines d'index et de majeur. Le confort et la tenue sont améliorés. On prévoit un jeu de plusieurs embouts tels que l'embout 13, comportant chacun la même forme extérieure et notamment le même diamètre de face extérieure 16 et la même collerette 15, et comportant des diamètres de face intérieure 17 différents, pour s'adapter à des tailles différentes d'annulaires. On peut par exemple définir trois tailles d'embout 13, pour s'adapter à la majorité des cas. L'embout 13 est simplement engagé en force dans l'anneau 12, de sorte que l'interchan¬ geabilité est simplifiée.Preferably, the articulation 30 of the first receiving member 7 is close to the transverse tubular passage 18 or the ring 12. The index and middle finger of the hand holding the tool can thus rest on a fixed portion of the first branch 6 The rotation of the annular phalanx engaged in the first receiving member 7 does not therefore cause the rotation of the phalanges adjacent to the index and middle fingers. Comfort and hold are improved. A set of several end pieces is provided, such as the end piece 13, each having the same external shape and in particular the same outside face diameter 16 and the same flange 15, and having different inside face diameters 17, to adapt to different ring finger sizes. We can for example define three sizes of nozzle 13, to adapt to the majority of cases. The end piece 13 is simply engaged in force in the ring 12, so that the interchangeability is simplified.
En prévoyant un anneau 12 dont la forme est sensiblement symétrique par rapport à son plan, on peut introduire indifféremment le même embout 13 par l'une ou l'autre des deux faces de l'anneau 12, définissant respectivement un outil pour droitier et un outil pour gaucher.By providing a ring 12 whose shape is substantially symmetrical with respect to its plane, the same end piece 13 can be introduced indifferently by one or the other of the two faces of the ring 12, defining respectively a right-handed tool and a left handed tool.
L'embout 13 est destiné à former un guide dans lequel l'extrémité de l'annulaire est engagée. L'outil doit ainsi tenir suffisamment en position, maintenu par le seul annulaire, sans possibi¬ lité de translation axiale ou de rotation axiale de l'outil autour de l'annulaire. Pour cela, le manchon 14 de l'embout 13 doit avoir un diamètre intérieur suffisamment proche du diamètre extérieur de l'annu- laire de l'utilisateur, pour qu'un frottement suffisant existe entre l'annulaire et le manchon 14. Il ne faut cependant pas que l'annulaire soit serré trop violemment dans le manchon 14, pour éviter la gêne liée à la transpiration et à la coupure de circulation sanguine. Le manchon 14 peut avantageusement être réalisé en une matière légèrement élasti- que, favorisant l'adhérence entre le manchon 14 et l'annulaire sans nécessiter un serrage trop important. La longueur du manchon 14 est sensiblement égale à son diamètre.The tip 13 is intended to form a guide in which the end of the annular is engaged. The tool must thus hold sufficiently in position, held by the annular alone, without the possibility of axial translation or axial rotation of the tool around the annular. For this, the sleeve 14 of the end piece 13 must have an internal diameter sufficiently close to the external diameter of the user's annular, so that sufficient friction exists between the annular and the sleeve 14. It does not However, the ring finger should not be tightened too violently in the sleeve 14, to avoid the discomfort linked to perspiration and to the cut in blood circulation. The sleeve 14 can advantageously be made of a slightly elastic material, promoting adhesion between the sleeve 14 and the ring finger without requiring excessive tightening. The length of the sleeve 14 is substantially equal to its diameter.
La surface intérieure du manchon 14 peut avantageusement comporter des irrégularités telles que nervures et rainures, alvéoles, bossages, favorisant l'aération de la peau au contact dudit manchon.The inner surface of the sleeve 14 may advantageously include irregularities such as ribs and grooves, cells, bosses, favoring the ventilation of the skin in contact with said sleeve.
Il est important de conserver l'ouverture aux deux extrémités du manchon 14 de l'embout 13, ce qui permet à l'utilisateur un réglage axial de position de l'outil sur l'annulaire. Cela permet en outre de laisser dépasser l'ongle hors du manchon 14, sans risquer de dégrader l'ongle ou le manchon.It is important to keep the opening at both ends of the sleeve 14 of the endpiece 13, which allows the user an axial adjustment of the position of the tool on the ring finger. This also allows the nail to protrude from the sleeve 14, without the risk of degrading the nail or the sleeve.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la première branche 6 du premier élément 1 se prolonge, au-delà de l'anneau 12, à l'opposé de l'axe commun intermédiaire 3, par un prolongement 21 muni d'une face d'appui 22 proche de l'axe longitudinal II-II de la première branche. La face d'appui 22 est destinée à être orientée, par pivotement de l'anneau 12 autour de son axe longitudinal de pivotement 19, à l'opposé de la seconde branche 10 de second élément articulé 2. La face d'appui 22 permet à l'utilisateur de laisser reposer, contre ladite face 22, son auriculaire adjacent à l'annulaire introduit dans l'embout 13.In the embodiment shown, the first branch 6 of the first element 1 extends, beyond the ring 12, opposite to the intermediate common axis 3, by an extension 21 provided with a bearing face 22 close to the longitudinal axis II-II of the first branch. The support face 22 is intended to be oriented, by pivoting of the ring 12 around its longitudinal pivot axis 19, opposite the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2. The support face 22 allows the user to let his little finger adjacent to said ring finger inserted in the nozzle 13 rest against said face 22.
Le second organe récepteur 11, monté sur le second élément articulé 2, comprend une partie longitudinale d'extrémité 23 de la seconde branche 10, associée à une structure d'appui 24 transversale se développant sensiblement dans le plan de pivotement des éléments articulés 1 et 2 à l'opposé du premier élément articulé 1, comme le représente la figure 1. La structure d'appui 24 comprend une face d'appui 124 concave orientée vers l'extrémité libre 26 de seconde branche 10. La structure d'appui 24 représentée est une tige dont une extrémité 25 est solidaire de la seconde branche 10 de second élément 2 articulé, ladite tige étant incurvée en arc selon une concavité tournée vers l'extrémité libre 26 de seconde branche 10, et selon un rayon supérieur au rayon moyen d'un pouce d'utilisateur. La structure d'appui forme avantageusement un arc de cercle d'environ 90 degrés.The second receiving member 11, mounted on the second articulated element 2, comprises a longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10, associated with a transverse support structure 24 developing substantially in the pivot plane of the articulated elements 1 and 2 opposite the first articulated element 1, as shown in FIG. 1. The support structure 24 comprises a concave support face 124 oriented towards the free end 26 of the second branch 10. The support structure 24 shown is a rod, one end 25 of which is integral with the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2, said rod being curved in an arc according to a concavity turned towards the free end 26 of the second branch 10, and along a radius greater than the mean radius of an inch of user. The support structure advantageously forms an arc of approximately 90 degrees.
La partie longitudinale d'extrémité 23 de seconde branche 10 a une longueur sensiblement égale au diamètre moyen d'un pouce d'utilisa¬ teur, pour constituer une zone d'appui de longueur suffisante pour l'appui du pouce. Cette partie longitudinale d'extrémité 23 de seconde branche 10 se termine par une extrémité libre 26 en biais, en retrait de l'anneau 12 lorsque l'outil est fermé, comme le représente en traits mixtes la figure 1.The longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 has a length substantially equal to the average diameter of an inch of user, to form a support zone of sufficient length for the support of the thumb. This longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 ends with a free end 26 at an angle, set back from the ring 12 when the tool is closed, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1.
La distance séparant la structure d'appui 24 de l'axe commun intermédiaire 3 est inférieure à la distance séparant l'anneau 12 du même axe commun intermédiaire 3. Ainsi, l'utilisateur peut tenir l'outil en engageant l'extrémité de son annulaire dans l'embout 13 de l'anneau 12 et en engageant l'extrémité de son pouce en appui à la fois sur la face extérieure de la partie longitudinale d'extrémité 23 de seconde branche 10 et sur la face concave de structure d'appui 24 la plus proche de l'extrémité libre 26 de seconde branche 10. Il est important que le pouce puisse être en appui sur la face concave de structure d'appui 24 la plus éloignée des lames 4 et 8, et non pas sur la face antérieure de structure d'appui 24 la plus proche des lames 4 et 8. En effet, cette dernière disposition ne permet pas une tenue appropriée de 1'outil lors de la manoeuvre des lames 4 et 8 pour la coupe, et engendre un couple de rotation de l'outil dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre sur la figure 1, couple qui doit alors être compensé par un effort supplémentaire des autres doigts.The distance separating the support structure 24 from the intermediate common axis 3 is less than the distance separating the ring 12 from the same intermediate common axis 3. Thus, the user can hold the tool by engaging the end of his annular in the end-piece 13 of the ring 12 and by engaging the end of his thumb in abutment both on the external face of the longitudinal end portion 23 of the second branch 10 and on the concave face of structure support 24 closest to the free end 26 of the second branch 10. It is important that the thumb can be supported on the concave face of support structure 24 furthest from the blades 4 and 8, and not on the front side of support structure 24 closest to the blades 4 and 8. In fact, this latter arrangement does not allow appropriate holding of the tool when maneuvering the blades 4 and 8 for cutting, and generates a torque of rotation the tool in the anticlockwise direction in FIG. 1, a torque which must then be compensated by an additional effort from the other fingers.
On peut avantageusement prévoir des moyens permettant le réglage de position longitudinale de la structure d'appui 24, pour faire varier et fixer la distance entre la structure d'appui 24 et l'axe commun intermédiaire 3.Advantageously, means can be provided for adjusting the longitudinal position of the support structure 24, so as to vary and fix the distance between the support structure 24 and the intermediate common axis 3.
Une solution particulièrement simple pour le réglage de position longitudinale de la structure d'appui 24 est de prévoir un jeu de plusieurs structures d'appui 24 amovibles et interchangeables, comportant chacune une base venant se fixer dans un réceptacle de la seconde branche 10 de second élément articulé 2. Les tiges de structure d'appui 24 sont décalées longitudinalement les unes par rapport aux autres sur leurs bases respectives. L'utilisateur peut ainsi choisir la structure d'appui 24 la plus appropriée à la morphologie de sa main, et la fixer à l'extrémité libre de la seconde branche 10. Bien que la description qui précède ait été faite en relation avec le mode de réalisation des figures 1 et 2 représentant une paire de ciseaux, l'invention s'applique également à un outil à main dans lequel les lames 4 et 8 sont remplacées par des pinces. En effet, avec une paire de pinces, on peut tout aussi bien utiliser les possibilités d'orientation et de manoeuvre de l'outil.A particularly simple solution for adjusting the longitudinal position of the support structure 24 is to provide a set of several removable and interchangeable support structures 24, each comprising a base which is fixed in a receptacle of the second branch 10 of the second articulated element 2. The support structure rods 24 are offset longitudinally with respect to each other on their respective bases. The user can thus choose the support structure 24 most appropriate to the morphology of his hand, and fix it at the free end of the second branch 10. Although the above description has been made in relation to the mode embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 showing a pair of scissors, the invention also applies to a hand tool in which the blades 4 and 8 are replaced by pliers. Indeed, with a pair of pliers, one can just as easily use the possibilities of orientation and operation of the tool.
En outre, un mode de réalisation simplifié peut être dépourvu d'articulation 30. Ce mode de réalisation simplifié ne permet pas l'orientation du premier organe récepteur 7, mais procure les autres avantages de l'invention tels que l'amélioration de tenue de l'outil. La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisa¬ tion qui ont été explicitement décrits, mais elle en inclut les diverses variantes et généralisations contenues dans le domaine des revendica¬ tions ci-après. In addition, a simplified embodiment can be devoid of articulation 30. This simplified embodiment does not allow the orientation of the first receiving member 7, but provides the other advantages of the invention such as the improvement in holding strength. the tool. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been explicitly described, but it includes the various variants and generalizations thereof contained in the field of claims below.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Outil à main tel qu'une paire de ciseaux ou une paire de pinces, notamment une paire de ciseaux pour la coupe de cheveux, comportant un premier (1) et un second (2) éléments articulés entre eux autour d'un axe commun intermédiaire (3), chaque élément (1, 2) comprenant une partie utile (4, 8) telle qu'une lame coupante ou une tête de pince, prolongée au-delà de l'axe commun intermédiaire (3) par une branche (6, 10) munie d'un organe récepteur (7, 11) adapté pour la manoeuvre par l'extrémité d'un doigt de main d'un utilisateur, le premier organe récepteur (7) du premier élément articulé (1) comprenant un passage tubulaire transversal (18) généralement cylindrique dans lequel l'annulaire d'une main de l'utilisateur peut s'engager, caractérisé en ce que : le second organe récepteur (11) du second élément articulé (2) comprend une partie longitudinale d'extrémité (23) de la seconde branche (10), associée à une structure d'appui (24) transversale se développant sensiblement dans le plan de pivotement des éléments articulés (1, 2) à l'opposé du premier élément articulé (1), la structure d'appui (24) présente une face d'appui (124) concave orientée vers l'extrémité libre (26) de seconde branche (10), de sorte que l'utilisateur peut tenir l'outil par son premier élément articulé (1) en engageant l'extrémité de son annulaire dans le passage tubulaire transversal (18) du premier organe récepteur (7), et peut manoeuvrer le second élément articulé (2) en appliquant l'extrémité de son pouce en appui dans le logement enveloppant ouvert formé par la partie longitudinale d'extrémité (23) et la face d'appui concave (124) de structure d'appui (24).1 - Hand tool such as a pair of scissors or a pair of pliers, in particular a pair of scissors for cutting hair, comprising a first (1) and a second (2) elements hinged together around an axis common intermediate (3), each element (1, 2) comprising a useful part (4, 8) such as a cutting blade or a pliers head, extended beyond the intermediate common axis (3) by a branch (6, 10) provided with a receiving member (7, 11) adapted for operation by the end of a user's finger, the first receiving member (7) of the first articulated element (1) comprising a generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage (18) into which the annular with a user's hand can engage, characterized in that: the second receiving member (11) of the second articulated element (2) comprises a longitudinal part end (23) of the second branch (10), associated with a transverse support structure (24) develops pant substantially in the pivoting plane of the articulated elements (1, 2) opposite the first articulated element (1), the support structure (24) has a concave support face (124) oriented towards the end free (26) of second branch (10), so that the user can hold the tool by its first articulated element (1) by engaging the end of its annular in the transverse tubular passage (18) of the first receiving member (7), and can maneuver the second articulated element (2) by applying the end of his thumb resting in the open enveloping housing formed by the longitudinal end part (23) and the concave bearing face (124) support structure (24).
2 - Outil à main selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la structure d'appui (24) est une tige dont une extrémité (25) est solidaire de la seconde branche (10) de second élément articulé (2), ladite tige étant incurvée en arc selon une concavité tournée vers l'extrémité libre (26) de seconde branche (10), et selon un rayon supérieur au rayon moyen d'un pouce d'utilisateur.2 - Hand tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (24) is a rod, one end (25) of which is integral with the second branch (10) of the second articulated element (2), said rod being curved in an arc according to a concavity facing the free end (26) of the second branch (10), and along a radius greater than the average radius of an inch of the user.
3 - Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la face d'appui concave (124) de structure d'appui3 - Hand tool according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the concave support face (124) of support structure
(24) forme un arc de cercle d'environ 90 degrés.(24) forms an arc of approximately 90 degrees.
4 - Outil à main selon 1'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie longitudinale d'extrémité (23) de seconde branche (10) a une longueur sensiblement égale au diamètre moyen d'un pouce d'utilisateur.4 - Hand tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the longitudinal end portion (23) of the second branch (10) has a length substantially equal to the average diameter of a user inch.
5 - Outil à main selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la distance séparant le second organe récepteur5 - Hand tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance separating the second receiving member
(11) et l'axe commun intermédiaire (3) est inférieure à la distance séparant le premier organe récepteur (7) et l'axe commun intermédiaire (3).(11) and the intermediate common axis (3) is less than the distance separating the first receiving member (7) and the intermediate common axis (3).
6 - Outil à main selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la partie longitudinale d'extrémité (23) de seconde branche (10) est en retrait du premier organe récepteur (7) lorsque l'outil est fermé.6 - Hand tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the longitudinal end part (23) of the second branch (10) is set back from the first receiving member (7) when the tool is closed.
7 - Outil à main selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens permettant le réglage de position longitudinale de la structure d'appui (24), pour faire varier et fixer la distance entre la structure d'appui (24) et l'axe commun intermédiaire (3).7 - Hand tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises means allowing the longitudinal position adjustment of the support structure (24), to vary and fix the distance between the support structure (24) and the intermediate common axis (3).
8 - Outil à main selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le réglage de position longitudinale de structure d'appui (24) est réalisé en prévoyant un jeu de plusieurs structures d'appui (24) amovibles et interchangeables, comportant chacune une base venant se fixer dans un réceptacle de la branche (10) de second élément articulé (2), les tiges de structure d'appui étant décalées longitudinalement les unes par rapport aux autres sur leurs bases respectives.8 - Hand tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the longitudinal position adjustment of the support structure (24) is carried out by providing a set of several support structures (24) removable and interchangeable, each comprising a base coming to be fixed in a receptacle of the branch (10) of second articulated element (2), the support structure rods being offset longitudinally with respect to each other on their respective bases.
9 - Outil à main selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le passage tubulaire transversal (18) du premier organe récepteur (7) a une longueur comprise entre 10 et 30 millimètres environ.9 - Hand tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transverse tubular passage (18) of the first receiving member (7) has a length of between 10 and 30 millimeters approximately.
10 - Outil à main selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le premier organe récepteur (7) du premier élément articulé (1) comprend un anneau (12) dans lequel est engagé un embout (13) muni dudit passage tubulaire transversal généralement cylindrique (18).10 - Hand tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the first receiving member (7) of the first articulated element (1) comprises a ring (12) in which is engaged a tip (13) provided of said generally cylindrical transverse tubular passage (18).
11 - Outil à main selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (13) du premier organe récepteur (7) comprend un manchon (14) cylindrique ouvert à ses deux extrémités, muni d'une collerette (15) extérieure d'extrémité, la face périphérique extérieure (16) du manchon (14) étant adaptée pour être introduite axialement en force dans l'ouverture de l'anneau (12) jusqu'à faire porter la collerette (15) en appui contre l'anneau (12), la face intérieure (17) du manchon (14) étant adaptée pour recevoir à faible jeu l'extrémité de l'annulaire de l'utilisateur, l'embout (13) étant aisément interchangeable pour permet- tre l'adaptation d'embouts (13) dont les diamètres intérieurs sont adaptés à plusieurs tailles d'annulaires.11 - Hand tool according to claim 10, characterized in that the end piece (13) of the first receiving member (7) comprises a cylindrical sleeve (14) open at its two ends, provided with an outer flange (15) d end, the outer peripheral face (16) of the sleeve (14) being adapted to be introduced axially by force into the opening of the ring (12) until the flange (15) is brought to bear against the ring (12), the internal face (17) of the sleeve (14) being adapted to receive at low clearance the end of the user's ring finger, the end piece (13) being easily interchangeable to allow the adaptation of end pieces (13) whose internal diameters are adapted to several ring sizes.
12 - Outil à main selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (III-III) du passage tubulaire transversal (18) de l'embout (13) est pivoté d'un angle A, par rapport à la perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal (II-II) du premier élément articulé (1) dans le plan contenant ledit axe longitudinal (II-II) et l'axe commun intermédiaire (3), l'angle A étant compris entre 10 et 20 degrés environ.12 - Hand tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the axis (III-III) of the transverse tubular passage (18) of the nozzle (13) is pivoted by an angle A, relative to the perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (II-II) of the first articulated element (1) in the plane containing said longitudinal axis (II-II) and the intermediate common axis (3), the angle A being between 10 and 20 degrees approximately .
13 - Outil à main selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que : - le premier organe récepteur (7) du premier élément articulé (1) est relié à la branche correspondante (6) de premier élément articulé (1) par une articulation (30) à un axe longitudinal de pivotement (19) de façon à orienter le premier organe récepteur (7) autour dudit axe longitudinal de pivotement (19), - le second organe récepteur (11) du second élément articulé (2) est fixe et solidaire de la branche correspondante (10) dudit second élément articulé, sans possibilité de rotation axiale par rapport au second élément articulé.13 - Hand tool according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: - the first receiving member (7) of the first articulated element (1) is connected to the corresponding branch (6) of the first articulated element ( 1) by an articulation (30) to a longitudinal pivot axis (19) so as to orient the first receiving member (7) around said longitudinal pivot axis (19), - the second receiving member (11) of the second articulated element (2) is fixed and integral with the corresponding branch (10) of said second articulated element, without the possibility of axial rotation relative to the second articulated element.
14 - Outil à main selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'articulation (30) du premier organe récepteur (7) est proche du passage tubulaire transversal (18), de sorte que l'index et le majeur de la main tenant l'outil peuvent reposer sur une portion fixe de branche14 - Hand tool according to claim 13, characterized in that the articulation (30) of the first receiving member (7) is close to the transverse tubular passage (18), so that the index and middle finger of the holding hand the tool can rest on a fixed portion of a branch
(6) de premier élément articulé (1).(6) of first articulated element (1).
15 - Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de freinage (20) sont prévus pour freiner selon un couple choisi le pivotement du premier organe récepteur15 - Hand tool according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that braking means (20) are provided for braking according to a selected torque the pivoting of the first receiving member
(7) autour dudit axe de pivotement (19).(7) around said pivot axis (19).
16 - Outil à main selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la première branche (6) de premier élément articulé (1) se prolonge au-delà du premier organe récepteur (7), à l'opposé de l'axe commun intermédiaire (3), par un prolongement (21) muni d'une face d'appui (22) proche de l'axe longitudinal (II-II) de la première branche (6), ladite face d'appui (22) étant destinée à être orientée, par pivotement du premier organe récepteur (7) autour de son axe longitudinal de pivotement (19), à l'opposé de la seconde branche (10) de second élément articulé (2). 16 - Hand tool according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the first branch (6) of the first articulated element (1) extends beyond the first receiving member (7), opposite of the intermediate common axis (3), by an extension (21) provided with a bearing face (22) close to the longitudinal axis (II-II) of the first branch (6), said bearing face (22) being intended to be oriented, by pivoting of the first receiving member (7) around its longitudinal pivot axis (19), opposite the second branch (10 ) second articulated element (2).
EP19920903882 1991-01-15 1992-01-15 Hand tool such as pair of scissors or pliers Ceased EP0567544A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9100643A FR2671508B1 (en) 1991-01-15 1991-01-15 HAND TOOL SUCH AS A PAIR OF SCISSORS OR A PAIR OF PLIERS.
FR9100643 1991-01-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0567544A1 true EP0567544A1 (en) 1993-11-03

Family

ID=9408887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920903882 Ceased EP0567544A1 (en) 1991-01-15 1992-01-15 Hand tool such as pair of scissors or pliers

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0567544A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2671508B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992012832A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9419038U1 (en) * 1994-11-26 1996-03-28 Poggetti Pietro Scissors, especially for hairdressers
FR2749208B1 (en) * 1996-06-04 1998-07-17 Taberlet Jean Jacques HAND TOOL SUCH AS A PAIR OF PIVOTING AND ELASTICALLY GRIPPED ORGAN SCISSORS
FR2882291B1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2008-10-17 Jean Jacques Taberlet SCISSORS WITH AN ADJUSTABLE RING

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE814224A (en) * 1974-04-10 1974-08-16 SCISSORS
US4146961A (en) * 1977-11-04 1979-04-03 Frank Pinto Scissors
DE2811398C2 (en) * 1978-03-16 1979-11-15 Jaguar Stahlwaren Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh & Co Kg, 5650 Solingen scissors
DE3030552A1 (en) * 1980-08-13 1982-03-25 Walter Peters Werkzeugfabrik, 5650 Solingen Pruning shears with spreading spring between handles - has plain and looped handles with abutting inner edges and brake contg. self contg. system
DE3432752A1 (en) * 1984-09-06 1986-03-13 Walter 6922 Meckesheim Werner Cutting shears
FR2627421B1 (en) * 1988-02-19 1990-07-27 Taberlet Jean Jacques PAIR OF SCISSORS, ESPECIALLY FOR HAIR CUTTING
DE8904184U1 (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-08-02 Poggetti, Pietro, Cecina Mare, Livorno, It

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9212832A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2671508B1 (en) 1996-01-12
FR2671508A1 (en) 1992-07-17
WO1992012832A1 (en) 1992-08-06

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