Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
  • C10L3/003—Additives for gaseous fuels
  • C10L3/006—Additives for gaseous fuels detectable by the senses

Definitions

• This invention relates to a liquefied gas fuel for generating brighter flames of various colors, such as red, yellow, yellowish green, green, blue and purple, at the time of combustion.
• liquefied gas fuels for generating color flames in which inorganic salt, organic salt and boric acid ester, such as of a specific metal, that create a color flame singly and in combination, when dissolved in an organic solvent have been proposed.
• Prior art are exemplified by Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 2322/1976 and 2323/1976.
• These known liquefied gas fuels are generally used in combustion apparatuses such as gas lighters.
• Organic salt, inorganic salt and boric acid ester of metal(s) are released, along with liquefied gas, into the atmosphere, when they are being burnt to generate a color flame.
• inorganic salt, organic salt and boric acid ester of metal used in the prior art have low solubility in organic solvent like alcohol and therefore if mixed with a combustible liquefied gas, the combustibility would be reduced further. Consequently, due to effect of time, temperature, physical impact and physical change ( sudden change from liquid phase to gaseous phase ) at the time of combustion, an organic metal salt or the like would dissociate into end products which clog lighter's nozzle while being emitted. Color flame is therefore only intermittently generated, thus it is impossible to generate a stable color flame.
• a liquefied gas fuel for generating a brighter color flame by dissolving an emission agents in a combustible liquefied gas vaporizing at atmospheric pressure.
• the present inventors developed another liquefied gas fuel using an organic metal salt compound, an organic chelate compound including metal, an inorganic metal compound and boric acid ester as a color former, along with a surface active agent, and then filed Japanese Patent Application No. 143273/1987. Furthermore, the present inventors developed additionally another liquefied gas fuel using an organic metal salt compound, an organic chelate compound including metal, an inorganic metal compound and boric acid ester as a color former, along with an oxidising agent as color forming assistant, and then filed Japanese Patent Application No. 272819/1988.
• these proposals are inadequate to solve the above-mentioned basic problems.
• the present inventors have done further study and developed new liquefied gas fuel using a nitrogen compound as color forming assistant. It was possible to eliminate nozzle clogging and generate a brighter color flame that is much clear, compared to that generated in the prior art.
• a color former is constituted by at least one compound selected from a group consisting of an organic metal salt compound, an organic chelate compound containing metal, an inorganic metal salt compound and boric acid compound Color former is dissolved in a combustible gas vaporizable at atmospheric pressure. Similarly, a color forming assistant agent of a nitrogen compound is also, dissolved in the same combustible gas.
• the organic metal salt compounds used in this invention are: barium acetate, calcium acetate, cobalt acetate, cesium acetate, copper acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, molybdenum acetate, sodium acetate, rubidium acetate, strontium acetate, barium cyclohexylbutyrate, cobalt cyclohexylbutyrate, copper cyclohexylbutyrate, lithium cyclohexylbutyrate, sodium cyclohexylbutyrate, strontium cyclohexylbutyrate, calcium cyclohexylbutyrate, cesium cyclohexylbutyrate, potassium cyclohexylbutyrate, molybdenum cyclohexylbutyrate, and rubidium cyclohexylbutyrate.
• organic chelate compounds containing metal are : barium acetylacetonate, cobalt acetylacetonate, copper acetylacetonate, lithium acetylacetonate, sodium acetylacetonate, strontium acetylacetonate, calcium acetylacetonate, cesium acetylacetonate, potassium acetylacetonate, molybdenum acetylacetonate, rubidium acetylacetonate, barium trifluoroacetylacetone, copper benzoyltrifluoro-acetone, cesium 3-phenylacetylacetone, potassium 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, molybdenum 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, lithium ethylenediaminetetra-acetate, sodium hexafluoroacetylacetone, strontium dithioacetylacetone, barium dipivaloylmethane,
• Examples of the inorganic metal salt compounds are : barium chloride, calcium chloride, cobalt chloride, cesium chloride, cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, potassium chloride, lithium chloride, molybdenum chloride, sodium chloride, rubidium chloride, strontium chloride, barium nitrate, calcium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, cesium nitrate, copper nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate, molybdenum nitrate, sodium nitrate, rubidium nitrate, and strontium nitrate.
• boric acid compounds examples include : trimethyl borate, tripropyl borate, and triisopropyl borate as the boric acid ester, and barium borate, calcium borate, cobalt borate, cesium borate, copper borate, potassium borate, lithium borate, molybdenum borate, sodium borate, rubidium borate, and strontium borate.
• Color generated by the color former depends on the element contained in the color former as follows : Cardinal red results from Li (lithium) ; yellowish green from Ba (barium), orange red from Ca (calcium), green from Cu (copper), bluish purple from Cs (cesium), purple from K (potassium), yellowish green from Mo (molybdenum), yellow from Na (sodium), red from Sr (strontium), blue from Co (cobalt), and dark red from Rb (rubidium).
• the nitrogen compound used in this invention may be either organic or inorganic compounds, preferably nitro compound, amine compound and amino compound.
• the nitro compound may be, for example, 2-nitroethanol.
• the amino compound to be used may be either aliphatic amine or aromatic amine.
• the following arc examples of the former methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethyl-amine, ethylamine, symdimethylhydrazine and diethylenetriamine.
• Aniline and 2-anilinoethanol are examples of the latter. Hydrazine may be also used.
• the azocompound are, for example : azomethane, azobenzene and azophenol.
• Another nitrogen compound are, for example, nitric ester such as methyl nitrate and ethyl nitrate.
• solvents such as methanol, ethanol, ethers, tetrahydrofuran or methyl formate, may be used according to need.
• the combustible gas vaporizing at atmospheric pressure is characterized by a low-molecular hydrocarbon at normal temperature, such as butane (isobutane, normal butane), propane, LP gas and pentane. Preference is given to use of liquefied butane.
• compositions to be used in this invention may be prepared by blending at the following proportion : 0.1 to 20 % by weight of a color former, 0.0001 to 10 % by weight of a nitrogen compound, 0 to 40 % by weight of a solvent such as methanol, 40 to 90 % by weight of a combustible gas.
• 0.1 g of 2-nitroethanol was mixed in 500 cc of methanol to obtain a solution (1).
• 0.2 g of lithium acetylacetonate was mixed in the solution (1) to obtain a solution (2).
• 2.2 cc of the solution (2) were added to 2.5 cc of butane, and the resulting mixture was enclosed in a commercially available lighter. When lighter's flame was put on, a clear cardinal red flame was observed.
• 0.1 g of sodium acetylacetonate was mixed in 20 cc of the solution (1) of Example 1 to obtain a solution (3). 1 cc of the solution (3) was added to 2.5 cc of butane, and the resulting mixture was enclosed in a commercially available lighter. When lighter's flame was put on, a clear yellow flame was observed.
• 0.1 g of barium acetylacetonate was mixed in 20 cc of the solution (1) of Example 1 to obtain a solution (7).
• 1 cc of the solution (7) was added to 2.5 cc of butane, and the resulting mixture was enclosed in a commercially available lighter. When lighter's flame was put on, a clear yellowish green flame was observed.
• 0.1 g of calcium acetylacetonate was mixed in 20 cc of the solution (1) of Example 1 to obtain a solution (8).
• 1 cc of the solution (8) was added to 2.5 cc of butane, and the resulting mixture was enclosed in a commercially available lighter. When lighter's flame was put on, a clear orange red flame was observed.
• 0.1 g of 2-anilinoethanol was mixed in 500 cc of methanol to obtain a solution (10).
• 0.2 g of rubidium acetylacetonate was mixed in 20 cc of the solution (10) to obtain a solution (11).
• 1 cc of the solution (11) was added to 2.5 cc of butane, and the resulting mixture was enclosed in a commercially available lighter. When lighter's flame was put on, a clear deep red flame with high brightness was observed.
• 0.1 g of methyl nitrate was mixed in 500 cc of methanol to obtain a solution (12).
• 0.2 g of lithium dibivaloylmethane was mixed in 20 cc of the solution (12) to obtain a solution (13).
• 1 cc of the solution (13) was added to 2.5 cc of butane, and the resulting mixture was enclosed in a commercially available lighter. When lighter's flame was put on, a clear cardinal red flame with high brightness was observed.
• 0.1 g of aniline was mixed in 500 cc of methanol to obtain a solution (14).
• 0.2 g of barium trifluoroacetylacetone was mixed in 20 cc of the solution (14) to obtain a solution (15).
• 1 cc of the solution (15) was added to 2.5 cc of butane, and the resulting mixture was enclosed in a commercially available lighter. When lighter's flame was put on, a clear yellowish green flame was observed.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

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Cited By (5)

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• 1990
  • 1990-04-26 JP JP11143490A patent/JPH048798A/ja active Pending
• 1991
  • 1991-10-24 EP EP91918904A patent/EP0565715A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-10-24 WO PCT/JP1991/001455 patent/WO1993008245A1/ja not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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