EP0560710B1 - Gasburner - Google Patents
Gasburner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0560710B1 EP0560710B1 EP19930810110 EP93810110A EP0560710B1 EP 0560710 B1 EP0560710 B1 EP 0560710B1 EP 19930810110 EP19930810110 EP 19930810110 EP 93810110 A EP93810110 A EP 93810110A EP 0560710 B1 EP0560710 B1 EP 0560710B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- section
- burner
- gas
- bore
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas burner for the combustion of a premixed gas / air mixture according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a gas burner for the combustion of a premixed gas / air mixture with which all customary gases such as butane, propane, natural gas, etc., in compliance with the currently applicable and coming into force limit values, as described in the Air pollution control regulations are prescribed, can be achieved.
- This object is achieved by a gas burner as specified in the characterizing features of claim 1.
- Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
- Gas / air mixture vortices create a stationary flame at the end of the burner bore and keep the proportions of the pollutants within the prescribed limits.
- the hollow circular cylindrical guidance of the inflowing gas / air mixture is produced by introducing the gas / air mixtures into two coaxially arranged annular spaces of unequal cross-section. A narrowing of the cross-section of the burner bore above the annular spaces causes additional mixing and stabilization of the gas / air mixture led to the outlet opening of the burner bore.
- the cross-sectional constriction is advantageously designed in a step-like manner and the section of the burner bore that leads to the surroundings and adjoins the constriction is provided with the same cross-section as that which lies within the constriction.
- the flow rate of the gas / air mixture supplied by the feed can be reduced. Due to the larger cross section of the second chamber section, the entering gas / air mixture calms down, which then leads tangentially into the burner bore through two channels of the same cross section as the cross section of the bore of the intermediate wall.
- the gas burner 1 is accommodated in a block-shaped housing 3 made of metal, which is connected to a gas / air feed line 7 by a connecting line 5.
- the connecting line 5 can also be part of the housing 3; for manufacturing reasons it is preferably designed as an independent part and will be added later connected to the housing 3.
- the housing 3 there is a burner bore 9 formed with cylindrical walls, on the bottom or bottom 11 of which two cylindrical disks 13 and 15 are inserted coaxially to the axis A of the burner bore 9.
- the two disks 13 and 15 can be part of a pin 17 which closes off the burner bore 9 at the bottom.
- the upper end of the burner bore 9 merges into a cross-sectional constriction 21 in one step, forming a circular section.
- the cross-sectional constriction 21 can be designed as a cylindrical section 20. Following the cross-sectional constriction 21, the burner bore 9 widens again to the original diameter D 1 and forms a combustion chamber 23 which is open on the surface of the housing 3. Between the disk 13 and the wall of the burner bore 9 there is an annular gap 25 with the width of a few tenths of a millimeter. Between the disk 15 and the wall of the burner bore 9 there is a second annular gap 27 of greater width than the annular gap 25.
- a calming chamber 29 is arranged in the housing 3 and is divided into two chamber sections 31 and 33.
- the upper chamber section 31 is designed as a cylindrical bore with a diameter d 1 .
- the lower chamber section 33 can also be mounted in the housing 3 itself, but is preferably arranged within the connecting line 5 for manufacturing reasons and likewise has a cylindrical cross section.
- the lower chamber section 33 has a smaller diameter d 2 than the upper chamber section 31.
- a connecting bore 35 leads from the chamber section 31 to the chamber section 33. Its diameter d 3 is smaller than the diameter d 2 of the chamber section 33.
- An essentially analog second connecting line 37 leads from the lower chamber section 33 into the gas / air feed line 7.
- the sections are preferably located 31 and 33 of the calming chamber 29 on a common axis B.
- a first channel 39 leads tangentially into the annular gap 25 between the wall of the burner bore 9 and the jacket of the disk 13.
- a second channel 41 which likewise emerges from the upper chamber section 31 into the annular gap 27 leads between the wall of the burner bore 9 and the jacket of the disc 15.
- the two channels 39 and 41 preferably each have a cross section that is equal to the cross section of the connecting bores 35 and 37 on the lower chamber section 33.
- the connection 5 with the lower chamber section 33 can be glued or screwed to the housing 3 and the gas / air feed line 7.
- the mode of operation of the gas burner 1 is briefly explained below. From the gas / air feed line 7, a preferably stoichiometrically dimensioned gas / air mixture flows through the connecting hole 37 into the lower chamber section 33 of the calming chamber 29. The gas / air mixture leaves the lower chamber section 33 through the upper connecting hole 35 and reaches the upper chamber section 31, the latter Cross-section is larger than that of the lower chamber section 33. Both in the lower chamber section 33 and in the upper chamber section 31, the inflowing gas / air mixture takes place. In addition, the flow velocity of the gas / air mixture decreases when passing from the lower chamber section 33 into the upper chamber section 31. The upper chamber section 31 leaves the gas / air mixture in approximately equal parts through the two channels 39 and 41.
- the gas / air mixture leaves the narrow one Gap 25 as a rotating hollow cylinder and combines with the gas / air mixture leaving the annular gap 27, which has been fed through the channel 41 into the annular gap 27, also as a rotating hollow cylinder.
- the two combined rotating hollow cylindrical gas masses flow through the cross-sectional constriction 21 into the combustion chamber 23 and continue to leave it as a rotating gas vortex which is ignited on the surface of the housing 3 and burns there.
- the burning hollow cylinder spreads in a goblet or tulip shape.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gasbrenner zur Verbrennung eines vorgemischten Gas/Luftgemisches gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a gas burner for the combustion of a premixed gas / air mixture according to the preamble of
Aus der Schweizer Patentschrift 651645 (& FR-A-8 495 282) ist eine Gasbrenneranordnung mit Vormischung von Gas und Luft in einer Mischkammer bekannt und mit mindestens einem Brenner, der eine zwischen der Gas/Luftmischkammer und mindestens einer Brennerbohrung vorgesehene Kammer umfasst, bei der die Gas/Luftmischkammer durch mindestens eine Leitung mit der Beruhigungskammer und diese durch mindestens einen Kanal mit der Brennerbohrung verbunden ist.
Diese bekannte Gasbrenneranordnung erlaubt eine einwandfreie Verbrennung von Gasen wie Butan und Propan. Hingegen ist die Verbrennung von Erdgas wohl möglich, aber die neusten Vorschriften bezüglich der Luftreinhalteverordnungen sind nur mit Mühe einzuhalten. Die rigorose Reduktion der NOX-Werte sowie anderer Schadstoffe können in den meisten Fällen nicht mehr erfüllt werden.From Swiss patent specification 651645 (& FR-A-8 495 282) a gas burner arrangement with premixing of gas and air in a mixing chamber is known and with at least one burner which comprises a chamber provided between the gas / air mixing chamber and at least one burner bore which the gas / air mixing chamber is connected to the calming chamber by at least one line and this is connected to the burner bore by at least one channel.
This known gas burner arrangement allows flawless combustion of gases such as butane and propane. On the other hand, the combustion of natural gas is possible, but the latest regulations regarding air pollution control regulations are difficult to comply with. The rigorous reduction of NOX values and other pollutants can no longer be met in most cases.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Gasbrenners zur Verbrennung eines vorgemischten Gas/Luftgemisches, mit welchem alle üblichen Gase wie Butan, Propan, Erdgas, etc., unter Einhaltung der gegenwärtig gültigen und in Kürze in Kraft tretenden Grenzwerte, wie sie in den Luftreinhalteverordnungen vorgeschrieben sind, erreicht werden können.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch einen Gasbrenner, wie er in den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 angegeben ist. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.The object of the present invention is to provide a gas burner for the combustion of a premixed gas / air mixture with which all customary gases such as butane, propane, natural gas, etc., in compliance with the currently applicable and coming into force limit values, as described in the Air pollution control regulations are prescribed, can be achieved.
This object is achieved by a gas burner as specified in the characterizing features of
Es gelingt durch die Erzeugung zweier überlagerter hohlzylinderförmiger Gas/Luftgemischwirbel eine stationäre Flamme am Ende der Brennerbohrung zu erzeugen und die Anteile der Schadstoffe innerhalb der vorgeschriebenen Grenzen zu halten. Die hohlkreiszylindrische Führung des einströmenden Gas/Luftgemisches wird durch Einleiten der Gas/Luftgemische in zwei koaxial angeordnete Ringräume ungleichen Querschnittes erzeugt. Eine Querschnittsverengung der Brennerbohrung oberhalb der Ringräume bewirkt eine zusätzliche Durchmischung und Stabilisierung des an die Austrittsöffnung der Brennerbohrung geführten Gas/Luftgemisches. In vorteilhafter Weise wird die Querschnittsverengung stufenförmig ausgebildet und der an die Verengung anschliessende zur Umgebung führende Abschnitt der Brennerbohrung mit gleichem Querschnitt versehen wie derjenige der innerhalb der Verengung liegt. Durch die Aufteilung der Beruhigungskammer in zwei Kammerabschnitte, welche durch eine Bohrung in einer Zwischenwand miteinander verbunden sind, kann die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des von der Speisung zugeführten Gas/Luftgemisches verkleinert werden. Durch den grösseren Querschnitt des zweiten Kammerabschnittes tritt eine Beruhigung des eintretenden Gas/Luftgemisches ein, welches dann durch zwei Kanäle gleichen Querschnittes wie der Querschnitt der Bohrung der Zwischenwand tangential in die Brennerbohrung führen.It succeeds by creating two superimposed hollow cylindrical ones Gas / air mixture vortices create a stationary flame at the end of the burner bore and keep the proportions of the pollutants within the prescribed limits. The hollow circular cylindrical guidance of the inflowing gas / air mixture is produced by introducing the gas / air mixtures into two coaxially arranged annular spaces of unequal cross-section. A narrowing of the cross-section of the burner bore above the annular spaces causes additional mixing and stabilization of the gas / air mixture led to the outlet opening of the burner bore. The cross-sectional constriction is advantageously designed in a step-like manner and the section of the burner bore that leads to the surroundings and adjoins the constriction is provided with the same cross-section as that which lies within the constriction. By dividing the calming chamber into two chamber sections, which are connected to one another by a hole in an intermediate wall, the flow rate of the gas / air mixture supplied by the feed can be reduced. Due to the larger cross section of the second chamber section, the entering gas / air mixture calms down, which then leads tangentially into the burner bore through two channels of the same cross section as the cross section of the bore of the intermediate wall.
Anhand eines illustrierten Ausführungsbeispieles wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- einen Längsschnitt durch einen Gasbrenner längs Linie I-I in Figur 2 und
- Figur 2
- einen Querschnitt durch den Gasbrenner längs Linie II-II in
Figur 1.
- Figure 1
- a longitudinal section through a gas burner along line II in Figure 2 and
- Figure 2
- a cross section through the gas burner along line II-II in Figure 1.
Der Gasbrenner 1 ist in einem blockförmigen, aus Metall bestehenden Gehäuse 3 untergebracht, welches durch eine Verbindungsleitung 5 an einer Gas/Luftspeiseleitung 7 angeschlossen ist. Die Verbindungsleitung 5 kann auch Teil des Gehäuses 3 sein; sie ist aus herstellungstechnischen Gründen vorzugsweise als selbständiger Teil ausgeführt und wird nachträglich mit dem Gehäuse 3 verbunden.
Im Gehäuse 3 ist eine mit zylindrischen Wänden ausgebildete Brennerbohrung 9 angebracht, auf deren Boden oder Grund 11 zwei zylindrische Scheiben 13 und 15 koaxial zur Achse A der Brennerbohrung 9 eingesetzt sind. Alternativ können die beiden Scheiben 13 und 15 Teil eines die Brennerbohrung 9 unten abschliessenden Zapfens 17 sein. Das obere Ende der Brennerbohrung 9 geht in einer Stufe unter Bildung eines kreisförmigen Abschnittes in eine Querschnittsverengung 21 über. Die Querschnittsverengung 21 kann als zylindrischer Abschnitt 20 ausgebildet sein. Anschliessend an die Querschnittsverengung 21 erweitert sich die Brennerbohrung 9 wieder auf den ursprünglichen Durchmesser D1 und bildet einen Brennraum 23, der an der Oberfläche des Gehäuses 3 offen ist.
Zwischen der Scheibe 13 und der Wandung der Brennerbohrung 9 liegt ein kreisringförmiger Spalt 25 von der Breite von wenigen Zehntelsmillimetern. Zwischen der Scheibe 15 und der Wandung der Brennerbohrung 9 liegt ein zweiter kreisringförmiger Spalt 27 von grösserer Breite als der kreisringförmige Spalt 25.The
In the
Between the
Radial versetzt zur Achse A der Brennerbohrung 9 ist im Gehäuse 3 eine Beruhigungskammer 29 angebracht, die in zwei Kammerabschnitte 31 und 33 unterteilt ist. Der obere Kammerabschnitt 31 ist als zylindrische Bohrung mit einem Durchmesser d1 ausgebildet. Der untere Kammerabschnitt 33 kann ebenfalls im Gehäuse 3 selbst angebracht sein, ist aber aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen vorzugsweise innerhalb der Verbindungsleitung 5 angeordnet und weist ebenfalls einen zylindrischen Querschnitt auf. Der untere Kammerabschnitt 33 weist einen kleineren Durchmesser d2 auf als der obere Kammerabschnitt 31.
Vom Kammerabschnitt 31 führt eine Verbindungsbohrung 35 zum Kammerabschnitt 33. Deren Durchmesser d3 ist kleiner als der Durchmesser d2 des Kammerabschnittes 33. Eine im wesentlichen analog ausgebildete zweite Verbindungsleitung 37 führt vom unteren Kammerabschnitt 33 in die Gas/Luftspeiseleitung 7. Vorzugsweise liegen die Abschnitte 31 und 33 der Beruhigungskammer 29 auf einer gemeinsamen Achse B.Radially offset from the axis A of the
A connecting
Vom oberen Kammerabschnitt 31 führt ein erster Kanal 39 tangential in den kreisringförmigen Spalt 25 zwischen der Wandung der Brennerbohrung 9 und dem Mantel der Scheibe 13. Über dem ersten Kanal 39 liegt ein zweiter Kanal 41, welcher ebenfalls aus dem oberen Kammerabschnitt 31 in den kreisringförmigen Spalt 27 zwischen der Wandung der Brennerbohrung 9 und dem Mantel der Scheibe 15 führt. Die beiden Kanäle 39 und 41 weisen vorzugsweise je einen Querschnitt auf, der gleich dem Querschnitt der Verbindungsbohrungen 35 und 37 am unteren Kammerabschnitt 33 ist.
Die Verbindung 5 mit dem unteren Kammerabschnitt 33 kann mit dem Gehäuse 3 und der Gas/Luftspeiseleitung 7 verklebt oder verschraubt sein.From the
The
Im folgenden wird die Funktionsweise des Gasbrenners 1 kurz erläutert. Von der Gas/Luftspeiseleitung 7 fliesst durch die Verbindungsbohrung 37 ein vorzugsweise stöchiometrisch bemessenes Gas/Luftgemisch in den unteren Kammerabschnitt 33 der Beruhigungskammer 29. Das Gas/Luftgemisch verlässt den unteren Kammerabschnitt 33 durch die obere Verbindungsbohrung 35 und gelangt in den oberen Kammerabschnitt 31, dessen Querschnitt grösser ist als derjenige des unteren Kammerabschnittes 33. Sowohl im unteren Kammerabschnitt 33 als auch im oberen Kammerabschnitt 31 findet eine Beruhigung des zufliessenden Gas/Luftgemisches statt. Zudem verringert sich die Strömgeschwindigkeit des Gas/Luftgemisches beim Übertritt vom unteren Kammerabschnitt 33 in den oberen Kammerabschnitt 31. Den oberen Kammerabschnitt 31 verlässt das Gas/Luftgemisch in etwa zu gleichen Teilen durch die beiden Kanäle 39 und 41. Das Gas/Luftgemisch verlässt den engen Spalt 25 als rotierender Hohlzylinder und vereinigt sich mit dem den kreisringförmigen Spalt 27 verlassenden Gas/Luftgemisch, das durch den Kanal 41 in den kreisringförmigen Spalt 27 gespeist worden ist, ebenfalls als rotierender Hohlzylinder. Die beiden vereinigten rotierenden hohlzylindrischen Gasmassen fliessen durch die Querschnittsverengung 21 in den Brennraum 23 und verlassen diesen weiterhin als rotierender Gaswirbel, der an der Oberfläche des Gehäuses 3 entzündet wird und dort abbrennt. In Abhängigkeit der Höhe h des Brennraumes 23 breitet sich der brennende Hohlzylinder kelch- oder tulpenförmig aus.The mode of operation of the
Claims (10)
- A gas burner (1) for burning a premixed gas/air mixture with a housing (3) with an open burner bore (9) which is connected to a calming chamber (29) by means of two channels (39, 41) which run into the wall of the burner bore (9), and the upper part (31) of the calming chamber (29) is connected to a supply line (7) for the gas/air mixture, characterized in that the first channel (39) runs into a first annulus chamber (25) and the second channel (41) runs into a second annulus chamber (27) located above the first annulus chamber (25), and the diameter of the former is greater than that of the first annulus chamber (25).
- A gas burner (1) as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the annulus chambers (25, 27) on the bottom (11) of the burner bore (9) are recessed or formed by the cylindrical disks (13, 15) used there.
- A gas burner as claimed in any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the burner bore (9) is provided with a narrowing of the cross section (21) above the points where the channels (39, 41) enter.
- A gas burner as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that the narrowing of the cross section (21) is in the form of a step (19) and provided with an annular section (20) on the side of the bore.
- A gas burner as claimed in any of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the burner bore (9) is located outside the narrowing of the cross section (21) in the form of a combustion chamber (23) and that it is provided with the same cross section as that of the inner burner bore (9).
- A gas burner as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the calming chamber (29) is divided into two chamber sections (31, 33) which are connected by a connection bore (35).
- A gas burner as claimed in Claim 6, characterized in that the first chamber section (33), which is connected to the supply line (7), is provided with a smaller cross section than that second chamber section (31) of the calming chamber (29).
- A gas burner as claimed in any of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that both channels (39, 41) lead from the second chamber section (31) to the burner bore (9).
- A gas burner as claimed in Claim 8, characterized in that both channels (39, 41) run into the annular chambers (25, 27) tangentially.
- A gas burner as claimed in any of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the size of the cross sections of both channels (39, 41) are equal to those of the connection bores (35, 37) in the calming chamber (29).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH789/92 | 1992-03-11 | ||
CH78992 | 1992-03-11 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0560710A2 EP0560710A2 (en) | 1993-09-15 |
EP0560710A3 EP0560710A3 (en) | 1993-11-03 |
EP0560710B1 true EP0560710B1 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
Family
ID=4195225
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19930810110 Expired - Lifetime EP0560710B1 (en) | 1992-03-11 | 1993-02-19 | Gasburner |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0560710B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59303167D1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH651645A5 (en) * | 1980-12-03 | 1985-09-30 | Febrag Ag | GAS BURNER ARRANGEMENT AND USE THEREOF FOR GENERATING HOT AIR. |
JP2693210B2 (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1997-12-24 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Pulverized fuel burner |
-
1993
- 1993-02-19 DE DE59303167T patent/DE59303167D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-02-19 EP EP19930810110 patent/EP0560710B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0560710A3 (en) | 1993-11-03 |
DE59303167D1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
EP0560710A2 (en) | 1993-09-15 |
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