EP1752633A1 - Device for generating a hot gas in an exhaust system of an combustion engine - Google Patents

Device for generating a hot gas in an exhaust system of an combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1752633A1
EP1752633A1 EP06118536A EP06118536A EP1752633A1 EP 1752633 A1 EP1752633 A1 EP 1752633A1 EP 06118536 A EP06118536 A EP 06118536A EP 06118536 A EP06118536 A EP 06118536A EP 1752633 A1 EP1752633 A1 EP 1752633A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
primary
primary combustion
fuel
fuel inlet
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EP06118536A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1752633B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Bäumer
Heinrich Prof. Dr.-Ing. Eickhoff
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing hot gas in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, with a primary combustion chamber, into which a swirl air atomizer nozzle opens, and a secondary combustion chamber, which is connected to an exhaust pipe of the engine.
  • the invention relates to hot gas production for a soot filter device, especially in diesel engines.
  • DE 37 29 861 C2 (DLR ) is a soot filter device is described, which has a main burner with a spray nozzle operated with compressed air to increase the temperature of the engine exhaust.
  • the main combustion chamber containing the main burner opens into a secondary combustion chamber in which the combustion gases mix with the engine exhaust gases.
  • the afterburner chamber burns the previously unburned portion of the fuel together with the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gas.
  • the compressed air for the Main combustion is supplied in substoichiometric amount, ie in an insufficient for complete combustion of the fuel amount.
  • the afterburning takes place without appropriate burner.
  • the single-stage burner operation means because of the large control range high pressure requirements to promote the compressed air at high burner power.
  • the concept envisages splitting the air into an auxiliary air for atomization and a main air for combustion.
  • the main air is passed around a nozzle via a guide into the combustion chamber.
  • a power control over the primary combustion chamber is therefore possible only within narrow limits. Since not the entire air flow is used for atomization, comparatively high pressures of the compressed air are required.
  • the type of fuel atomization and the shape of the primary combustion chamber causes a limited control range. Therefore, there is a danger that the burner will not maintain its full functionality in the entire load range of the engine.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for hot gas production in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, which has a reduced pressure requirement and a large control range.
  • the device according to the present invention is defined by claim 1. It is distinguished by the fact that a fuel inlet opens into the exhaust gas flow of the engine and that combustion of the supplied fuel with the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases takes place in the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the invention provides for two-stage combustion with active fuel stages.
  • the principle of the primary stage essentially corresponds to that of DE 37 29 861 C2 .
  • a fuel supply is provided in the secondary combustion chamber, which is fed with the exhaust gases of the diesel engine. The combustion takes place in the secondary combustion chamber by utilizing the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases.
  • the secondary combustion chamber is arranged in the exhaust pipe, with its exhaust gases are fed to a mixing chamber. In the mixing chamber and the effluent from the primary combustion combustion gases of the primary burner are introduced.
  • the secondary combustion chamber behind the outlet through which the combustion gases of the primary combustion chamber emerge from the latter.
  • the secondary combustion chamber passes into the mixing chamber.
  • a mixer is arranged in the gas flow behind the secondary combustion chamber. This mixer serves to mix the combustion gases of the primary burner with those of the secondary burner and to supply a largely homogeneous gas mixture to a downstream soot filter.
  • the primary combustion chamber may have lateral outflow openings or an outflow opening aligned with the axis of the primary burner.
  • a axially aligned discharge port may be disposed in the flow path of the combustion gases downstream of the discharge port of the secondary burner, which is opposite to the flow path of the combustion gases of the primary combustion chamber.
  • the secondary burner is preferably provided with an evaporator shell, which captures and evaporates the residual fuel entrained by the combustion gases.
  • the evaporator shell also forms a deflection device for deflecting the combustion gases of the secondary burner.
  • the secondary combustion chamber is delimited by an annular wall which has a passage leading to the soot filter.
  • the fuel line of the secondary burner is carried according to a preferred embodiment of the invention of the annular wall which limits the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the fuel line is arranged in the annular wall, so that it is protected against high temperatures.
  • the illustrated apparatus for producing hot gas in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine is shown here specifically in connection with the soot filter device of a diesel engine.
  • the internal combustion engine consists of the diesel engine whose exhaust gases are purified by the soot filter device become. From time to time, cleaning of the soot filter device by hot gases is required, which burns the accumulated soot.
  • the device described below serves to generate these hot gases.
  • the device of Figure 1 corresponds in its basic structure that of DE 37 29 861 C2 , A soot filter 10 is housed in a cylindrical housing 11, which is flowed through in the longitudinal direction of the engine exhaust.
  • a mixer housing 12 which contains a mixer 13.
  • a combustion chamber housing 14 is located in front of the mixer housing.
  • the primary burner 15 is arranged axially in the combustion chamber housing in the end wall of the combustion chamber housing 14.
  • This has a swirl air atomizing nozzle 16, which swirls the fuel-air mixture and injects it axially into a primary combustion chamber 27.
  • An electrical ignition device 18 serves to ignite the gas mixture, so that in the primary combustion chamber 27, a rotating flame is formed, which starts from the swirl air atomizing nozzle 16.
  • the swirl air atomizing nozzle 16 the fuel is supplied via a fuel line 20. Further, outside air which has been previously compressed is supplied via an air inlet 21.
  • the amount of air and the amount of fuel can be adjusted by levers 22,23.
  • the swirl air atomizing nozzle 16 includes an annular blade. The fuel is sprayed against the cutting edge.
  • the swirling air which is supplied at low pressure of, for example, 20 to 100 mbar, flows past the annular cutting edge and ruptures the fuel film at the cutting edge into drops.
  • the primary combustion chamber 27 is fed all the air through the nozzle. The large air flow allows a low atomizing pressure. This makes a wide range of control possible.
  • the primary combustion chamber 27 has a peripheral wall 17 which extends over at least two-thirds of the length of the primary combustion chamber, from the end wall 24, closed is. In the last third are lateral outflow openings 25.
  • the housing bottom 26 is closed in this embodiment.
  • the primary burner 15 By the described design of the primary burner 15 is achieved in combination with the closed side wall 17, that in the primary combustion chamber, a controlled recirculation of the combustion gases takes place, wherein flow rolls arise. This has the consequence that a high stability range is achieved with different energy states of the primary burner 15. This contributes to the fact that the fuel is intimately mixed with the entirety of the air supplied to the primary burner. The primary burner thus ensures a large power control range, with the result that a stable operation is given in each state of the engine.
  • the space surrounding the primary combustion chamber 27 is connected to a mixing chamber 38. This is bounded by an annular wall 29 which protrudes inwardly from the wall of the mixer housing 12 and has a central passage 30.
  • the fuel supplied through the fuel inlet 35 burns by means of the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases in the secondary combustion chamber 28. Additional combustion air is not supplied to the secondary combustion chamber 28.
  • a passage 33 leads to the mixing chamber 38. In the mixing chamber 38, the combustion gases from the primary combustion chamber 27 and the secondary combustion chamber 28 are mixed.
  • the housing 17, which encloses the primary combustion chamber 27, in its housing bottom 26 has a central outflow opening 25a.
  • the secondary combustion chamber 28 In the gas flow behind the outflow opening 25a is the secondary combustion chamber 28 with the fuel inlet 35, which is designed here as a swirl-air atomizing nozzle.
  • the fuel line 36 leading to the fuel inlet 35 is routed through the annular wall 29 so that it is protected from heat from the annular wall.
  • the secondary burner has an arcuate evaporator shell 39 which is spaced from the fuel inlet 35 and serves to vaporize the fuel still contained in the combustion gases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a burner chamber housing (14) with primary burner chamber (27) and coaxial vortex atomiser nozzle. A secondary burner chamber (28) forms an extension of the primary burner chamber. A fuel inlet (35) opens into the exhaust stream of the engine and this supplied fuel burns with the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases in the secondary burner chamber. A mixer (13) is mounted in the gas stream behind the secondary burner chamber.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Heißgaserzeugung im Abgasstrang eines Verbrennungsmotors, mit einer Primärbrennkammer, in die eine Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse mündet, und einer Sekundärbrennkammer, die mit einer Abgasleitung des Motors verbunden ist. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine Heißgaserzeugung für eine Rußfiltervorrichtung, speziell in Dieselmotoren.The invention relates to a device for producing hot gas in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, with a primary combustion chamber, into which a swirl air atomizer nozzle opens, and a secondary combustion chamber, which is connected to an exhaust pipe of the engine. In particular, the invention relates to hot gas production for a soot filter device, especially in diesel engines.

In DE 37 29 861 C2 (DLR ) ist eine Rußfiltervorrichtung beschrieben, die zur Temperatursteigerung der Motorabgase einen Hauptbrenner mit einer mit Druckluft betriebenen Zerstäuberdüse aufweist. Die den Hauptbrenner enthaltende Hauptbrennkammer mündet in eine Nachbrennkammer, in der sich die Verbrennungsgase mit den Motorabgasen vermischen. In der Nachbrennkammer verbrennt der bisher unverbrannte Anteil des Brennstoffs zusammen mit dem im Motorabgas enthaltenen Sauerstoff. Die Druckluft für die Hauptverbrennung wird in unterstöchiometrischer Menge zugeführt, d.h. in einer für eine vollständige Verbrennung des Brennstoffs nicht ausreichenden Menge. Die Nachverbrennung erfolgt ohne entsprechenden Brenner. Der einstufige Brennerbetrieb bedeutet wegen des großen Regelbereichs einen hohen Druckbedarf zur Förderung der Druckluft bei hoher Brennerleistung.In DE 37 29 861 C2 (DLR ) is a soot filter device is described, which has a main burner with a spray nozzle operated with compressed air to increase the temperature of the engine exhaust. The main combustion chamber containing the main burner opens into a secondary combustion chamber in which the combustion gases mix with the engine exhaust gases. In the afterburner chamber burns the previously unburned portion of the fuel together with the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gas. The compressed air for the Main combustion is supplied in substoichiometric amount, ie in an insufficient for complete combustion of the fuel amount. The afterburning takes place without appropriate burner. The single-stage burner operation means because of the large control range high pressure requirements to promote the compressed air at high burner power.

DE 195 04 183 A1 beschreibt einen Brenner zur thermischen Regeneration eines Partikelfilters in unterschiedlichen Varianten. Die Primärbrennkammer ist im Abgasstrom des Motors angeordnet und wird von den Abgasen umströmt. Dabei sind verschiedene Arten von Brennkammern beschrieben, z. B. eine Verdampferbrennkammer, ein Fackelzünder, eine rohrförmige Brennkammer mit Flammglühkerze sowie eine Luftzerstäuberbrennkammer, deren Umfangswand über die gesamte Länge seitliche Öffnungen aufweist. Durch diese tritt Motorabgas in die Primärbrennkammer ein, wodurch die Stabilität der Flamme gestört werden kann. In dem Ringraum, der die Brennkammer umgibt, befinden sich bei einigen Varianten Brennstofföffnungen, durch die den Motorabgasen Brennstoff zugeführt wird. Das Konzept sieht eine Aufteilung der Luft in eine Hilfsluft zur Zerstäubung und eine Hauptluft zur Verbrennung vor. Die Hauptluft wird um eine Düse herum über eine Leiteinrichtung in die Brennkammer geführt. Eine Leistungsregelung über die Primärbrennkammer ist demzufolge nur in engen Grenzen möglich. Da zur Zerstäubung nicht der gesamte Luftstrom eingesetzt wird, sind vergleichsweise hohe Drücke der Druckluft erforderlich. Die Art der Brennstoffzerstäubung und die Gestalt der Primärbrennkammer bewirkt einen eingeschränkten Regelbereich. Daher besteht die Gefahr, dass der Brenner nicht in dem gesamten Lastbereich des Motors seine volle Funktionsfähigkeit bewahrt. DE 195 04 183 A1 describes a burner for the thermal regeneration of a particulate filter in different variants. The primary combustion chamber is arranged in the exhaust gas flow of the engine and is flowed around by the exhaust gases. In this case, various types of combustion chambers are described, for. Example, an evaporator combustion chamber, a torch igniter, a tubular combustion chamber with flame glow plug and a Luftzerstäuberbrennkammer whose peripheral wall over the entire length has lateral openings. Through this engine exhaust enters the primary combustion chamber, whereby the stability of the flame can be disturbed. In the annular space surrounding the combustion chamber, some variants have fuel openings through which fuel is supplied to the engine exhaust gases. The concept envisages splitting the air into an auxiliary air for atomization and a main air for combustion. The main air is passed around a nozzle via a guide into the combustion chamber. A power control over the primary combustion chamber is therefore possible only within narrow limits. Since not the entire air flow is used for atomization, comparatively high pressures of the compressed air are required. The type of fuel atomization and the shape of the primary combustion chamber causes a limited control range. Therefore, there is a danger that the burner will not maintain its full functionality in the entire load range of the engine.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Heißgaserzeugung im Abgasstrang eines Verbrennungsmotors anzugeben, die einen verringerten Druckbedarf und einen großen Regelbereich hat.The invention has for its object to provide a device for hot gas production in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, which has a reduced pressure requirement and a large control range.

Die Vorrichtung nach der vorliegenden Erfindung ist durch den Patentanspruch 1 definiert. Sie zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass in den Abgasstrom des Motors ein Brennstoffeinlass mündet und dass in der Sekundärbrennkammer eine Verbrennung des zugeführten Brennstoffs mit dem in den Motorabgasen enthaltenden Sauerstoff erfolgt.The device according to the present invention is defined by claim 1. It is distinguished by the fact that a fuel inlet opens into the exhaust gas flow of the engine and that combustion of the supplied fuel with the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases takes place in the secondary combustion chamber.

Die Erfindung sieht eine zweistufige Verbrennung mit aktiven Brennstoffstufen vor. Das Prinzip der Primärstufe entspricht im wesentlichen demjenigen von DE 37 29 861 C2 . Zusätzlich ist in der Sekundärbrennkammer, die mit den Abgasen des Dieselmotors gespeist wird, eine Brennstoffzuführung vorgesehen. Die Verbrennung erfolgt in der Sekundärbrennkammer unter Ausnutzung des in den Motorabgasen enthaltenden Sauerstoffs.The invention provides for two-stage combustion with active fuel stages. The principle of the primary stage essentially corresponds to that of DE 37 29 861 C2 , In addition, in the secondary combustion chamber, which is fed with the exhaust gases of the diesel engine, a fuel supply is provided. The combustion takes place in the secondary combustion chamber by utilizing the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases.

Die Sekundärbrennkammer ist in der Abgasleitung angeordnet, wobei ihre Abgase einer Mischkammer zugeführt werden. In die Mischkammer werden auch die aus der Primärbrennkammer ausströmenden Verbrennungsgase des Primärbrenners eingeleitet.The secondary combustion chamber is arranged in the exhaust pipe, with its exhaust gases are fed to a mixing chamber. In the mixing chamber and the effluent from the primary combustion combustion gases of the primary burner are introduced.

Es besteht die Möglichkeit, die Sekundärbrennkammer hinter dem Auslass anzuordnen, durch den die Verbrennungsgase der Primärbrennkammer aus dieser austreten. In diesem Fall geht die Sekundärbrennkammer in die Mischkammer über.It is possible to arrange the secondary combustion chamber behind the outlet through which the combustion gases of the primary combustion chamber emerge from the latter. In this case, the secondary combustion chamber passes into the mixing chamber.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein Mischer im Gasstrom hinter der Sekundärbrennkammer angeordnet. Dieser Mischer dient dazu, die Verbrennungsgase des Primärbrenners mit denjenigen des Sekundärbrenners zu vermischen und einem nachgeschalteten Rußfilter ein weitgehend homogenes Gasgemisch zuzuführen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a mixer is arranged in the gas flow behind the secondary combustion chamber. This mixer serves to mix the combustion gases of the primary burner with those of the secondary burner and to supply a largely homogeneous gas mixture to a downstream soot filter.

Die Primärbrennkammer kann seitliche Ausströmöffnungen aufweisen oder eine zu der Achse des Primärbrenners ausgerichtete Ausströmöffnung. Im Falle einer axial ausgerichteten Ausströmöffnung, kann im Strömungsweg der Verbrennungsgase hinter der Ausströmöffnung der Sekundärbrenner angeordnet sein, wobei dieser dem Strömungsweg der Verbrennungsgase der Primärbrennkammer entgegengerichtet ist. Dabei ist vorzugsweise der Sekundärbrenner mit einer Verdampferschale versehen, die den von den Verbrennungsgasen mitgeführten Rest-Brennstoff auffängt und verdampft. Die Verdampferschale bildet zugleich eine Umlenkvorrichtung zum Umlenken der Verbrennungsgase des Sekundärbrenners.The primary combustion chamber may have lateral outflow openings or an outflow opening aligned with the axis of the primary burner. In case of a axially aligned discharge port, may be disposed in the flow path of the combustion gases downstream of the discharge port of the secondary burner, which is opposite to the flow path of the combustion gases of the primary combustion chamber. In this case, the secondary burner is preferably provided with an evaporator shell, which captures and evaporates the residual fuel entrained by the combustion gases. The evaporator shell also forms a deflection device for deflecting the combustion gases of the secondary burner.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Sekundärbrennkammer durch eine Ringwand begrenzt, die einen zu dem Rußfilter führenden Durchlass aufweist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the secondary combustion chamber is delimited by an annular wall which has a passage leading to the soot filter.

Die Brennstoffleitung des Sekundärbrenners ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung von der Ringwand, die die Sekundärbrennkammer begrenzt, getragen. Vorzugsweise ist die Brennstoffleitung in der Ringwand angeordnet, so dass sie gegen hohe Temperaturen geschützt ist.The fuel line of the secondary burner is carried according to a preferred embodiment of the invention of the annular wall which limits the secondary combustion chamber. Preferably, the fuel line is arranged in the annular wall, so that it is protected against high temperatures.

Im Folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und
Figur 2
eine zweite Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a first embodiment of the device according to the invention and
FIG. 2
a second embodiment of the device.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung zur Heißgaserzeugung im Abgasstrang eines Verbrennungsmotors ist hier speziell in Verbindung mit der Rußfiltervorrichtung eines Dieselmotors dargestellt. In diesem Fall besteht der Verbrennungsmotor aus dem Dieselmotor, dessen Abgase durch die Rußfiltervorrichtung gereinigt werden. Von Zeit zu Zeit ist eine Reinigung der Rußfiltervorrichtung durch Heißgase erforderlich, die den angesammelten Ruß verbrennen. Zur Erzeugung dieser Heißgase dient die nachstehend beschriebene Vorrichtung.The illustrated apparatus for producing hot gas in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine is shown here specifically in connection with the soot filter device of a diesel engine. In this case, the internal combustion engine consists of the diesel engine whose exhaust gases are purified by the soot filter device become. From time to time, cleaning of the soot filter device by hot gases is required, which burns the accumulated soot. The device described below serves to generate these hot gases.

Die Vorrichtung nach Figur 1 entspricht in ihrem grundsätzlichen Aufbau derjenigen von DE 37 29 861 C2 . Ein Rußfilter 10 ist in einem zylindrischen Gehäuse 11 untergebracht, welches in Längsrichtung von den Motorabgasen durchströmt wird.The device of Figure 1 corresponds in its basic structure that of DE 37 29 861 C2 , A soot filter 10 is housed in a cylindrical housing 11, which is flowed through in the longitudinal direction of the engine exhaust.

Im Strömungsweg vor dem Filtergehäuse 11 sitzt ein Mischergehäuse 12, das einen Mischer 13 enthält. Vor dem Mischergehäuse sitzt ein Brennkammergehäuse 14. In der Stirnwand des Brennkammergehäuses 14 ist axial in dem Brennkammergehäuse der Primärbrenner 15 angeordnet. Dieser weist eine Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse 16 auf, welche das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch verwirbelt und axial in eine Primärbrennkammer 27 einsprüht. Eine elektrische Zündvorrichtung 18 dient zum Anzünden des Gasgemisches, so dass sich in der Primärbrennkammer 27 eine rotierende Flamme ausbildet, die von der Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse 16 ausgeht. Der Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse 16 wird der Brennstoff über eine Brennstoffleitung 20 zugeführt. Ferner wird Außenluft, die zuvor komprimiert wurde, über einen Lufteinlass 21 zugeführt. Die Luftmenge und die Brennstoffmenge können über Stellhebel 22,23 verstellt werden. Die Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse 16 enthält eine ringförmige Schneide. Gegen die Schneide wird der Brennstoff gespritzt. An der ringförmigen Schneide strömt die Drallluft vorbei, die mit niedrigem Druck von beispielsweise 20 bis 100 mbar zugeführt wird und den Kraftstofffilm an der Schneide zu Tropfen zerreißt. Der Primärbrennkammer 27 wird die gesamte Luft über die Düse zugeführt. Der große Luftmengenstrom erlaubt einen niedrigen Zerstäuberdruck. Damit wird ein weiter Regelbereich möglich.In the flow path in front of the filter housing 11 sits a mixer housing 12 which contains a mixer 13. A combustion chamber housing 14 is located in front of the mixer housing. The primary burner 15 is arranged axially in the combustion chamber housing in the end wall of the combustion chamber housing 14. This has a swirl air atomizing nozzle 16, which swirls the fuel-air mixture and injects it axially into a primary combustion chamber 27. An electrical ignition device 18 serves to ignite the gas mixture, so that in the primary combustion chamber 27, a rotating flame is formed, which starts from the swirl air atomizing nozzle 16. The swirl air atomizing nozzle 16, the fuel is supplied via a fuel line 20. Further, outside air which has been previously compressed is supplied via an air inlet 21. The amount of air and the amount of fuel can be adjusted by levers 22,23. The swirl air atomizing nozzle 16 includes an annular blade. The fuel is sprayed against the cutting edge. The swirling air, which is supplied at low pressure of, for example, 20 to 100 mbar, flows past the annular cutting edge and ruptures the fuel film at the cutting edge into drops. The primary combustion chamber 27 is fed all the air through the nozzle. The large air flow allows a low atomizing pressure. This makes a wide range of control possible.

Die Primärbrennkammer 27 hat eine Umfangswand 17, die über mindestens zwei Drittel der Länge der Primärbrennkammer, von der Stirnwand 24 aus, geschlossen ist. Im letzten Drittel befinden sich seitliche Ausströmöffnungen 25. Der Gehäuseboden 26 ist bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel geschlossen.The primary combustion chamber 27 has a peripheral wall 17 which extends over at least two-thirds of the length of the primary combustion chamber, from the end wall 24, closed is. In the last third are lateral outflow openings 25. The housing bottom 26 is closed in this embodiment.

Durch die beschriebene Gestaltung des Primärbrenners 15 wird in Kombination mit der geschlossenen Seitenwand 17 erreicht, dass in der Primärbrennkammer eine kontrollierte Rezirkulation der Verbrennungsgase erfolgt, wobei Strömungswalzen entstehen. Dies hat zur Folge, dass ein hoher Stabilitätsbereich bei unterschiedlichen Energiezuständen des Primärbrenners 15 erreicht wird. Hierzu trägt bei, dass der Kraftstoff mit der Gesamtheit der dem Primärbrenner zugeführten Luft innig vermischt wird. Der Primärbrenner gewährleistet also einen großen Leistungs-Regelbereich, was zur Folge hat, dass ein stabiler Betrieb in jedem Zustand des Motors gegeben ist.By the described design of the primary burner 15 is achieved in combination with the closed side wall 17, that in the primary combustion chamber, a controlled recirculation of the combustion gases takes place, wherein flow rolls arise. This has the consequence that a high stability range is achieved with different energy states of the primary burner 15. This contributes to the fact that the fuel is intimately mixed with the entirety of the air supplied to the primary burner. The primary burner thus ensures a large power control range, with the result that a stable operation is given in each state of the engine.

Der die Primärbrennkammer 27 umgebende Raum ist mit einer Mischkammer 38 verbunden. Diese ist von einer Ringwand 29 begrenzt, die von der Wand des Mischergehäuses 12 nach innen absteht und einen zentrischen Durchlass 30 aufweist.The space surrounding the primary combustion chamber 27 is connected to a mixing chamber 38. This is bounded by an annular wall 29 which protrudes inwardly from the wall of the mixer housing 12 and has a central passage 30.

Die von dem Dieselmotor kommende Abgaszuführleitung 37, die von dem Abgas des Dieselmotors durchströmt wird, enthält einen Brennstoffeinlass 35, der an eine Brennstoffleitung 36 angeschlossen ist. Der durch den Brennstoffeinlass 35 zugeführte Brennstoff verbrennt mit Hilfe des in den Motorabgasen enthaltenden Sauerstoffs in der Sekundärbrennkammer 28. Zusätzliche Verbrennungsluft wird der Sekundärbrennkammer 28 nicht zugeführt. Von der Abgaszuführleitung 37 führt ein Durchlass 33 zu der Mischkammer 38. In der Mischkammer 38 werden die Verbrennungsgase aus der Primärbrennkammer 27 und der Sekundärbrennkammer 28 vermischt.The exhaust gas supply line 37 coming from the diesel engine, through which the exhaust gas of the diesel engine flows, contains a fuel inlet 35, which is connected to a fuel line 36. The fuel supplied through the fuel inlet 35 burns by means of the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases in the secondary combustion chamber 28. Additional combustion air is not supplied to the secondary combustion chamber 28. From the exhaust gas supply line 37, a passage 33 leads to the mixing chamber 38. In the mixing chamber 38, the combustion gases from the primary combustion chamber 27 and the secondary combustion chamber 28 are mixed.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 2 entspricht weitgehend demjenigen von Figur 1, wobei gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind.The embodiment of Figure 2 corresponds largely to that of Figure 1, wherein like parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Im Gegensatz zu dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel weist das Gehäuse 17, das die Primärbrennkammer 27 umschließt, in seinem Gehäuseboden 26 eine zentrische Ausströmöffnung 25a auf. Im Gasstrom hinter der Ausströmöffnung 25a befindet sich die Sekundärbrennkammer 28 mit dem Brennstoffeinlass 35, der hier als Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse ausgebildet ist. Die Brennstoffleitung 36, die zu dem Brennstoffeinlass 35 führt, ist durch die Ringwand 29 hindurch verlegt, so dass sie von der Ringwand gegen Wärmeeinwirkung geschützt ist.In contrast to the first embodiment, the housing 17, which encloses the primary combustion chamber 27, in its housing bottom 26 has a central outflow opening 25a. In the gas flow behind the outflow opening 25a is the secondary combustion chamber 28 with the fuel inlet 35, which is designed here as a swirl-air atomizing nozzle. The fuel line 36 leading to the fuel inlet 35 is routed through the annular wall 29 so that it is protected from heat from the annular wall.

Der Sekundärbrenner weist eine bogenförmige Verdampferschale 39 auf, die im Abstand von dem Brennstoffeinlass 35 angeordnet ist und dazu dient, den Brennstoff, der noch in den Verbrennungsgasen enthalten ist, zu verdampfen.The secondary burner has an arcuate evaporator shell 39 which is spaced from the fuel inlet 35 and serves to vaporize the fuel still contained in the combustion gases.

Claims (10)

Vorrichtung zur Heißgaserzeugung im Abgasstrang eines Verbrennungsmotors, mit einem eine Primärbrennkammer (27) enthaltenden Brennkammergehäuse (14), einer in der Primärbrennkammer koaxial angeordneten Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse und einer Sekundärbrennkammer (28), die in Verlängerung der Primärbrennkammer angeordnet ist, und mit einer in das Brennkammergehäuse (14) einmündenden Abgasleitung (37) des Motors, wobei die Primärbrennkammer einen im Querschnitt verringerten Auslass (25,25a) aufweist und die Primärbrennkammer ferner von einer Umfangswand (17) begrenzt ist, die über mindestens zwei Drittel der Länge der Primärbrennkammer geschlossen ist, so dass in der Primärbrennkammer eine Rezirkulation der Verbrennungsgase erfolgt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
dass in den Abgasstrom des Motors ein Brennstoffeinlass (35) mündet und dass in der Sekundärbrennkammer (28) eine Verbrennung des zugeführten Brennstoffs mit dem in den Motorabgasen enthaltenen Sauerstoff erfolgt.Device for producing hot gas in the exhaust gas line of an internal combustion engine, comprising a combustion chamber housing (14) containing a primary combustion chamber (27), a swirl air atomizing nozzle arranged coaxially in the primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber (28) arranged as an extension of the primary combustion chamber, and having one in the The primary combustion chamber has a reduced cross section outlet (25,25a) and the primary combustion chamber is further bounded by a peripheral wall (17) which is closed over at least two-thirds of the length of the primary combustion chamber such that recirculation of the combustion gases takes place in the primary combustion chamber,
characterized ,
that in the exhaust gas stream of the engine, a fuel inlet (35) opens and that in the secondary combustion chamber (28) is carried out a combustion of the supplied fuel with the oxygen contained in the engine exhaust gases. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Mischer (13) im Gasstrom hinter der Sekundärbrennkammer (28) angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixer (13) is arranged in the gas flow behind the secondary combustion chamber (28). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umfangswand (17) der Primärbrennkammer (27) im letzten Drittel ihrer Länge seitliche Ausströmöffnungen (25) aufweist, wobei der Brennstoffeinlass (35) in der seitlich in das Brennkammergehäuse (14) einmündenden Abgasleitung (37) enthalten ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the peripheral wall (17) of the primary combustion chamber (27) in the last third of their length lateral outflow openings (25), wherein the fuel inlet (35) in the laterally into the combustion chamber housing (14) opening out exhaust pipe (37) is included. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Primärbrennkammer (27) eine zu der Achse des Primärbrenners (15) ausgerichtete Ausströmöffnung (25a) aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the primary combustion chamber (27) has a to the axis of the primary burner (15) aligned discharge opening (25a). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sekundärbrennkammer (28) eine Verdampferschale (39) enthält, gegen die die von dem Brennstoffeinlass (35) erzeugte Strömung gerichtet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the secondary combustion chamber (28) contains an evaporator shell (39) against which the flow generated by the fuel inlet (35) is directed. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennkammergehäuse (14) durch eine Ringwand (29) begrenzt ist, die einen zu dem Rußfilter (10) führenden Durchlass (30) aufweist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the combustion chamber housing (14) by an annular wall (29) is limited, which has a to the soot filter (10) leading through passage (30). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstoffeinlass (35) eine Drallluft-Zerstäuberdüse mit einer in einem Strömungskanal angeordneten ringförmigen Schneide und radial in den Strömungskanal mündenden, Drallelemente enthaltenden Kanälen aufweist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fuel inlet (35) has a swirl air atomizing nozzle with a arranged in a flow channel annular cutting edge and radially opening into the flow channel, swirl elements containing channels. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstoffeinlass (35) von der Ringwand (29) getragen ist.Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the fuel inlet (35) is carried by the annular wall (29). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennstoffleitung (36) in der Ringwand (29) verläuft.Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the fuel line (36) extends in the annular wall (29). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstoffeinlass (35) dem Hauptbrenner (15) entgegengerichtet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fuel inlet (35) is directed opposite to the main burner (15).
EP06118536A 2005-08-11 2006-08-07 Device for generating a hot gas in an exhaust system of a combustion engine Not-in-force EP1752633B1 (en)

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DE102005037969A DE102005037969A1 (en) 2005-08-11 2005-08-11 Device for producing hot gas in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine

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US9506385B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2016-11-29 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc Fuel fired burner for vehicle exhaust component

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DE102008063515A1 (en) * 2008-12-18 2010-06-24 Deutz Ag Evaporator
DE102009023550A1 (en) * 2009-05-30 2010-12-09 Deutz Ag aftertreatment system
CN104564243A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-29 杭州纯化科技有限公司 Special straight pipe disturber for DPF low-temperature regeneration igniter of diesel engine

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EP0306743A2 (en) * 1987-09-05 1989-03-15 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Soot filter process and soot filter device for a diesel engine
EP0532044A1 (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-17 Firma J. Eberspächer Burner for a diesel engine exhaust particle filter
JPH08105608A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-23 Miura Kenkyusho:Kk Catalyst combustion boiler
DE19504183A1 (en) * 1995-02-09 1996-08-14 Eberspaecher J Diesel engine particle filter regenerating burner

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DE3837472C2 (en) * 1988-11-04 1998-09-24 Deutz Ag Particulate filter system
DE4325906C2 (en) * 1993-08-02 1995-08-24 Daimler Benz Ag Device for the regeneration of a particle filter used in the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine

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EP0306743A2 (en) * 1987-09-05 1989-03-15 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Soot filter process and soot filter device for a diesel engine
EP0532044A1 (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-17 Firma J. Eberspächer Burner for a diesel engine exhaust particle filter
JPH08105608A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-23 Miura Kenkyusho:Kk Catalyst combustion boiler
DE19504183A1 (en) * 1995-02-09 1996-08-14 Eberspaecher J Diesel engine particle filter regenerating burner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9506385B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2016-11-29 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc Fuel fired burner for vehicle exhaust component

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ATE434717T1 (en) 2009-07-15
DE102005037969A1 (en) 2007-02-15
EP1752633B1 (en) 2009-06-24
DE502006004051D1 (en) 2009-08-06

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