Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
  • E21B44/005—Below-ground automatic control systems
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
  • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for processing and interpreting drilling data which is disposed at the bottom of a well and, more particularly, to such a device intended to be used in oil drilling.
• the present invention also relates to a method allowing the implementation of this device.
• the master driller When drilling a well, for example an oil well, it is desirable for the master driller to know the behavior of the lining and the tool at the bottom of the well in order to better control the parameters of the drilling. It is preferable to know these conditions in real time, which requires means of transmitting data from the bottom of the well to the surface. Knowing the conditions at the bottom of the well makes drilling safer and reduces drilling costs. In addition, the master driller will be able to react quickly to any event at the bottom of the well, for example, change of rock type, tool wear or mechanical instability.
• the document GB-A-2,216,661 describes a device for measuring the vibrations of a drill string, disposed at the bottom of the well, and which comprises a processor intended to record the data supplied by an accelerometer.
• the device detects acceleration levels that exceed a predetermined value and only these levels are signaled to the surface.
• data which are a function of a single parameter, are sent to the surface, only when a predetermined threshold is exceeded, and this without any analysis of physical behavior having been undertaken.
• the present invention relates to a drilling data processing device disposed at the bottom of a well which is capable of developing, at the bottom, various diagnostics specific to the overall or individual behaviors of the drilling tool, of the drill string , drilling mud, and / or the well itself, and to report these diagnoses to the surface by one of the usual data transmission means.
• the invention provides a device for processing and interpreting drilling data intended to be mounted at the lower end of a drill string arranged in a wellbore, the drill string being provided with a drilling tool, a measuring assembly and means for transmitting data from the bottom to the surface, characterized in that the device is suitable for sending to the surface only abbreviated messages after interpretation of the measurements taken by the measuring assembly.
• the present invention also relates to a method for implementing the aforementioned processing device.
• Said method comprises the following steps:
• the method according to the invention makes it possible to optimize the processing of the data and to output indications which, once transmitted to the surface, make it possible to improve the drilling conditions.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a drilling assembly
• FIG. 2 shows diagrammatically a processing and interpretation circuit according to the invention
• FIG. 1 shows a drilling assembly comprising a mast 10 provided, in a manner known per se, with a hook 12 to which is suspended a drill string, generally represented at 14.
• the drill string 14 comprises a tool for drill 16, drill rods 18 and drill rods 20.
• the drill string 14 is rotated by a rotation table 22 or by a motorized injection head.
• a conduit 24 introduces pressurized drilling mud inside the rods 20. This mud exits with the tool and circulates in the space between the wall of the well and the drill string 14. It is recovered at the level of a conduit 26, recycled and then directed to storage tanks (not shown).
• a device for processing and interpreting drilling data 28 is disposed inside the lining, as close as desired to the tool, between the drill rods 18 and the tool 16.
• the device comprises a processing and interpretation circuit 30 and means for transmitting data to the surface.
• the data transmission means may include an electric cable, a system of wired rods, an electromagnetic transmitter or, in the example illustrated, a system of transmission by pulses generated in the mud.
• a servovalve mounted in a subassembly 30 disposed adjacent to the tool 16 is intended to selectively modulate the flow of the mud under pressure in order to create pressure waves in the mud.
• Measuring and monitoring devices are arranged in the subassembly 30 making it possible, in a known manner, to generate pressure waves in the mud which are representative of the messages transmitted from the bottom. These pressure waves are detected on the surface by a pressure sensor 32, mounted on the conduit 24.
• the device for processing and interpreting drilling data 28 as well as the method allowing its implementation make it possible to process the various measurements. taken at the bottom and send to the surface various diagnoses, for example diagnoses of dysfunction of the drilling assembly (precession, rebounds of the tool, torsional waves or jams) and of the state of the '' tool (wear of teeth and throne bearings, wear of cutting tools).
• the treatment method according to the invention makes it possible to have a quantification of the various dynamic measurements allowing to have a scale in the severity of the vibrations, thus making it possible to assess the effectiveness of the actions undertaken on the surface the master driller.
• the processing and interpretation circuit 30 receives data taken by various measurement devices which are arranged in a measurement assembly 36 (see FIG.
• the processing and interpretation circuit 34 is supplied by a sub-assembly 62 which includes an alternator 64 driven by the drilling mud at an input 66, an electrical regulation circuit 68 and accumulators 70.
• a bus of command 74 controls, among other things, the transmission system 76 connected to a modulation servo valve 72.
• a non-volatile memory 59 is intended to store information temporarily; this information is reserved for interpretation when the tool returns to the surface.
• Other measuring devices can be used to determine the following parameters: weight on the tool, torque, internal and external pressures, internal and external temperatures and mud flow rate.
• the processing circuit 34 makes it possible to signal various conditions, malfunctions or failures or severity of vibration of the drilling assembly to the surface.
• FIG. 3 A method using the device of the present invention is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
• the signals from the various gauge bridges 38 to 51 forming the measurement assembly 36 are pretreated, if necessary, at 80 in order to remove the offsets, return the measurements to the physical scale and replace them in a fixed reference point.
• This preprocessing is shown in more detail in FIG. 4.
• the meaning of the acronyms representing the signals is given below: DBNX: Moment of bending at the bottom, along the X axis DBNY: Moment of bending at the bottom, along the axis Y DMGX: Magnetometric measurements along the X axis DMGY: Magnetometric measurements along the YD axis OB: Weight on the DACZ tool: Acceleration along the Z axis
• This preprocessing step makes it possible to verify that the set of measurements is correct and also makes it possible to calculate the speed of rotation of the tool from DMGX and DMGY magnetometric measurements.
• the measurements being made in a movable coordinate system, they should be replaced in the fixed coordinate system.
• the dysfunction algorithms 82 are shown in more detail in FIGS. 5 and 6. These algorithms make it possible to quantify the entropy of the different dynamic measurements (DWOB; DTOB; DBNX; DBNY).
• the process step represented in FIG. 6 makes it possible to detect all the types of precession and to quantify them according to their meanings.
• FIG. 7 is shown the last data processing step, that of the observers 84. This step makes it possible to determine the energy consumed by the tool per unit of rock destroyed. With these data, one can prepare an energy balance of the tool - which constitutes, for the driller, a good indicator of the functioning of the tool and its progress.
• the pressure sensor 32 intended to detect the pulses generated in the mud, is connected to a frame decoder and to an interpretation station (not shown) which advantageously is produced by a desktop computer.
• the processing circuit 30, instead of sending numerous data to the surface, which is a function of each of the measurements taken at the bottom, sends to the surface only signals which illustrate the operating state of the drill assembly.
• the speed necessary for these transmissions remains compatible with the state of the art. Even after writing abbreviated messages, the speed may still be too low.
• the processing and interpretation device is capable of defining priority in the sending of these messages.
• the device for processing and interpreting drilling data of the invention can be used in combination with a device for dynamic measurements for a drill pipe as described in document EP -A-0431136, or in French patent applications 90 09638 or 90 12978.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geophysics (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Drilling And Boring (AREA)
• Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
• Communication Control (AREA)
• Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
• Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
• Numerical Control (AREA)
• Computer And Data Communications (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=26228958

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Families Citing this family (18)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 1991
  • 1991-09-26 FR FR9111866A patent/FR2681900B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1992
  • 1992-07-24 WO PCT/FR1992/000730 patent/WO1993006339A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1992-07-24 DK DK92917020.7T patent/DK0558703T3/da active
  • 1992-07-24 ES ES92917020T patent/ES2090674T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-07-24 EP EP92917020A patent/EP0558703B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-07-24 AT AT92917020T patent/ATE139300T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-07-24 JP JP50582393A patent/JP3487850B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-07-24 CA CA002096941A patent/CA2096941C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-07-24 DE DE69211527T patent/DE69211527T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1993
  • 1993-05-25 NO NO931895A patent/NO308554B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-05-26 OA OA60375A patent/OA09780A/fr unknown
• 1995
  • 1995-10-16 US US08/543,696 patent/US5592381A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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