EP0554166B1 - Dampfbügeleisen mit einer Kartusche zur Behandlung von Wasser und/oder zu bügelnden Textilien - Google Patents

Dampfbügeleisen mit einer Kartusche zur Behandlung von Wasser und/oder zu bügelnden Textilien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0554166B1
EP0554166B1 EP93400190A EP93400190A EP0554166B1 EP 0554166 B1 EP0554166 B1 EP 0554166B1 EP 93400190 A EP93400190 A EP 93400190A EP 93400190 A EP93400190 A EP 93400190A EP 0554166 B1 EP0554166 B1 EP 0554166B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cartridge
water
steam iron
iron according
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93400190A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0554166A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Louis Brandolini
Jean-Pierre Debourg
Denis Daulasim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SEB SA
Original Assignee
SEB SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9200825A external-priority patent/FR2686629B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR9205277A external-priority patent/FR2690698B1/fr
Application filed by SEB SA filed Critical SEB SA
Publication of EP0554166A1 publication Critical patent/EP0554166A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0554166B1 publication Critical patent/EP0554166B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F75/00Hand irons
    • D06F75/08Hand irons internally heated by electricity
    • D06F75/10Hand irons internally heated by electricity with means for supplying steam to the article being ironed
    • D06F75/14Hand irons internally heated by electricity with means for supplying steam to the article being ironed the steam being produced from water in a reservoir carried by the iron

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an iron steam iron equipped with means for treat water and / or ironing textiles.
  • This cartridge avoids any deposit of scale in the iron water circuit and, in particular, in its vaporization chamber and in the orifices of steam outlet practiced in the soleplate of the iron.
  • an iron comprising means allowing to introduce either an action of the user; either automatically, a quantity predetermined of a chemical compound in the water intended to the vaporization chamber.
  • These chemical compounds are introduced in liquid or solid form into a tank and added to the water in the tank of water.
  • the object of the present invention is to allow users to avoid manipulation tedious of these containers by making an iron iron which is capable, during its operation, spread automatically on textile articles, one or more of the aforementioned treatment products.
  • the invention relates to an iron ironing including a water tank supplying a vaporization chamber, a treatment cartridge water before its vaporization, means to bring the water in the tank in contact with the cartridge treatment and means to distribute water resulting on textiles to be ironed.
  • the cartridge contains a different product that a demineralizing product, capable of diffusing in the water brought into contact with it and it has several compartments containing products different.
  • the user can thus treat the water and / or items to be ironed, during ironing, without have to handle containers or devices separate from the iron.
  • the cartridge compartments are arranged in series relative to the path of the water coming from the tank.
  • the cartridge compartments are arranged in parallel to the path of water from the tank.
  • the compartments of these cartridges are arranged in a circuit combining serial and parallel modes.
  • the compartments are arranged so that the water path benefits of the effect of gravity.
  • Means may be provided to control the water flow in each cartridge or each compartment.
  • control means include the dimensions of minus a water passage section.
  • the water in the tank is gradually loaded by diffusion of the product contained in the cartridge.
  • the cartridge (s) can be placed removably in one or more housings made in iron and communicating each one with water introduced into the tank, either with the water leaving of the tank, either with the water contained in the tank.
  • the cartridge or at least one of the compartments contains a mixture of products.
  • one of the cartridges or one of the compartments may contain a demineralizing product.
  • the iron comprises means which can be actuated by the user to control the introduction into the tank or the iron water circuit of a predetermined dose of product contained in the cartridge.
  • the product or products can be associated with a support to control the solubility of produced in water.
  • the water having been in contact with at least one of the products is diffused outside the iron through the orifices of steam outlet.
  • the water having been put in contact with at least one of products is diffused outside the iron by a separate outlet for ironing articles steam outlet ports.
  • one of the products can be broadcast outside by a broadcast system powered by a manual or electric pump.
  • the cartridge containing the product of treatment can be refillable, or disposable after a number of uses of iron or at after a certain period of use.
  • the user can thus decide if necessary replace the cartridge with a new cartridge.
  • the iron includes a removable cartridge 51 which contains a textile article treatment product iron.
  • the cartridge 51 is disposed between the outlet 53 of the water from the water tank 54 of the iron and the vaporization chamber 52.
  • the cartridge 51 is removably housed at the rear of the iron. She is located in a housing 55 which opens on the face rear 56 of the iron.
  • the water tank 54 extends horizontally above the vaporization chamber 52 and the sole 57 of iron.
  • the water tank 54 has a water inlet opening 58 which opens onto the face before 59 of the iron.
  • the cartridge 51 is located at the rear end of the water tank and is supplied by the water coming from the reservoir 54 above the cartridge 51.
  • a conduit 60 opens below the cartridge 51 and brings the water loaded with product from treatment to the vaporization chamber 52, after passage in the chamber 61 crossed by the needle 62 of the classic 63 flow control system called commonly "drip".
  • the walls of the cartridge 51 through which water enters and leaves this cartridge includes openings 64. Between these openings 64 and the product 65 treatment contained in the cartridge 1 is arranged a layer 66 permeable to water.
  • the water tank 54 has an inclined plane or ramp 67 which extends to across the full width of the tank and the edge of which upper 68 is adjacent to the cartridge 51 and is located slightly above the wall through which water enters in the cartridge.
  • This upper edge 68 defines with the upper wall 69 of the water tank 54 a passage 53 by which water can pass to reservoir 54 in the housing 55 comprising the cartridge 51, as we will explain it in more detail later.
  • the wall 70 of the cartridge 51 adjacent to the opening 74 of the housing 55 of this cartridge is transparent, allowing observation the state of the product or the level of product contained in the cartridge 51.
  • the opening 71 of the housing 55 of the cartridge 51 is closed by an articulated flap 72 which rests on a seal 73 and on a projection 74 formed on the wall 70 of the cartridge 51 which serves to facilitate the removal of the latter from the housing 55.
  • the cartridge 51 a a parallelepiped shape.
  • the walls water inlet and outlet of the cartridge 51 are parallel to the horizontal walls 69 and 76 of the tank 54.
  • the water outlet wall of the cartridge 51 is located slightly above the bottom wall 76 of the tank 54.
  • the user Before using the iron for the first time iron, the user sets up in the housing 5 a new cartridge 1.
  • Treated water flows through line 60 extending under the reservoir 54 and which opens into the chamber 61 of the flow adjustment needle. The water then flows drop by drop into the spraying 52.
  • the cartridge 51 automatically fills with water.
  • the cartridge 51 empties of its contents. The user can see the level of product in opening the flap 72, through the transparent wall 70 cartridge. He can then remove it and replace with a new cartridge.
  • cartridge 1 When it is a treatment product that mixes or dissolves quickly in water, cartridge 1 must be located in a branch F of the main water circuit P, as shown in the figure 53. In this case, the section of the conduit of the branch circuit F must be low, so that the water flow in this last is low compared to the water flow in the main circuit.
  • a valve S is provided on the derivative circuit F upstream of the cartridge 1 so as to isolate the content thereof from the water circulating in the main circuit.
  • the opening of this valve S is controlled by the user, for example by a button control located on the iron, when this user wishes that the treatment product contained in the cartridge is mixture with the water brought into the vaporization chamber and comes out of the soleplate at the same time as the steam.
  • a main tank 1 is filled with water by the user.
  • a ramp 2 raises this water as a result of iron movements over a cartridge 3 containing a water or textile treatment product.
  • Treated or charged water flows through a channel 4 to an auxiliary buffer tank 5.
  • a distributor 6 (bushel) ordering the flow of water to the vaporization chamber 5a is preferably supplied from tank 1 (see figure 4) or the tank 5 (see figure 5).
  • the pump 8 of the diffuser 7 draws water from the buffer tank 5.
  • the iron can have two calibrated bushels differently one of which is fed from the tank 5, the other from tank 1.
  • the iron comprises a diffuser 7 with a pump 8 to two entries and two displacements.
  • a low input 10 flow draws water from the tank 5.
  • the other inlet 9 at higher flow draws water from tank 1 (see figure 6).
  • Cartridge 3 can have two compartments hydraulically in series, preferably the first (upstream) contains a substance demineralizing, the other a treatment product textile.
  • a tank 2 ( Figures 7 and 8) raises this water as a result of the movements of iron over a first cartridge 3 through which it flows through a orifice 4 to a second tank 1a.
  • the 10a bushel classic in irons ironing can be powered by any of tanks, preferably tank 1a when the cartridge 3 is a demineralization cartridge and the cartridge 3a is a cartridge containing a product of treatment.
  • the diffuser 11 is supplied with from the buffer tank 8a.
  • the diffuser has a double pump with two orifices of admission.
  • An intake port preferably draws from the buffer tank 8a. This hole corresponds to a low displacement inlet of the diffuser pump.
  • the other port of the double pump draws preferably in tank 1a and corresponds to a larger displacement input of the double pump.
  • the cartridge 3a contains a solid treatment product at the origin, which dissolves by saturating the water that passes through. Of this way it arrives at the buffer tank 8a a saturated product solution.
  • the iron has two steam controls can be operated simultaneously or not. It can be two bushels preferably calibrated differently one for low flow from from the buffer tank 8a, the other at a higher flow rate at from the second tank 1a.
  • the cartridges 3 and 3a are distinct from each other, but it goes from self they can be considered as one cartridge with two main compartments.
  • a main tank 1 is filled with water by the user.
  • Two similar ramps 2 and 2a raise the water by following movements of the iron over two cartridges 3 and 3a, through which it flows towards two buffer tanks 13 and 7a respectively by channels 14 and 14a.
  • a cartridge for example the cartridge 3a is a cartridge containing a product of treatment, and cartridge 3 is a cartridge of demineralization of water.
  • the iron has at least one system distributor 10b (bushel) of water to the spray 5a.
  • the bushel is supplied through the reservoir 13.
  • the iron has at least one system spray 11 with a pump 12 drawing from preferably in the tank 7a.
  • Pump 12 can be a two-inlet pump and two displacement, the lowest of which draws water from tank 7a, the other of tank 1 thus ensuring a dilution.
  • the two cartridges can be grouped into a single body with two main compartments.
  • Each cartridge contains one or more products of treatment, natural or synthetic, presenting one to less of the properties listed in the preamble.
  • the treatment product is introduced into the cartridge in solid form and is likely to dissolve with a solubility product K1.
  • At least one of the points of use is supplied from a additional buffer tank, which (see Figure 13) receives water of different quality from at least one of buffer tanks previously described by channels that we can close.
  • Cartridges 15, 16, 17 feed separately buffer tanks 15a, 16a, 17a each connected to a main buffer tank 18 by means of flexible hoses 15b, 16b, 17b.
  • Each flexible hose is associated with a flow control member 15c, 16c ... acting by pinching on the corresponding flexible pipe.
  • Cartridge 20 is a product container useful for ironing.
  • the cartridge 20 is parallelepiped (see Figure 14) and has several main compartments A, B, C, D.
  • Products can be free inside of each compartment, or associated with a support for control their dissemination.
  • compartments A, B, C or D in relation to each other can be any but preferably we adopt the provision of Figure 14 in which the water inlet 21 is at a upper compartment A. The water then flows into the neighboring compartment B, then at the lower front exit at 22 through the last compartment D following the global path indicated by the arrows F (A ⁇ B ⁇ C ⁇ D), so as to always benefit from the effect of gravity.
  • Each compartment is obviously designed to avoid excessive pressure drops inside the product. To this end, arrangements can be made known which promote the flow of water.
  • one or more compartments contain mixed products with actions complementary on textiles and / or water.
  • the arrangement of entrances 23 and water outlet 24 can also be that shown in the figure 15.
  • the path of the water in the cartridge 25 is subdivides according to the needs, for example the water goes from compartment A towards compartment B for a fraction flow, and to compartment D for the rest.
  • the flow percentages are controlled by the sections of passage from one compartment to another. This allows in this example of distributing fewer products contained in B and D. Then the flows meet to cross C and exit.
  • this example is not limiting.
  • the water circuits may or may not be independent.
  • the or the cartridges are removably housed in housings in the iron housing.
  • Means could also be provided so that each time a control button is pressed, a predetermined dose of product contained in one of the cartridges either released into the iron's water circuit, or directly into the vaporization chamber.
  • Cartridge filled with treatment product could be placed upstream of the water tank relative to the direction of water circulation in the iron, to supply this water with treatment product, continuously, at the user's command, in doses ordered by the user.
  • the cartridge could also be in contact with the water contained in the tank, to supply this water, as indicated above.
  • one or more windows may be scheduled to review the cartridges and observe the condition of the product they contain to decide based on this state if there is whether or not to replace the cartridge (s).
  • the invention also applies an iron with a remote water tank iron proper and connected to it by a flexible tubing.

Claims (20)

  1. Dampfbügeleisen, bestehend aus einem Wasserbehälter (1, 54), der eine Verdampfungskammer (5a, 52) versorgt, einer Kartusche (3, 51) zur Behandlung des Wassers vor seiner Verdampfung, Mitteln (67, 68, 53), um das Wasser des Behälters mit der Kartusche (3, 51) zur Behandlung in Kontakt zu bringen, und Mitteln (4, 5, 60, 64), um das entstandene Wasser auf den zu bügelnden Textilien zu verteilen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) abgesehen von einem Entmineralisierungsprodukt ein Produkt enthält, das in der Lage ist, in das Wasser, das mit ihm in Kontakt gebracht wurde, zu diffundieren, und daß sie mehrere Abteilungen (A, B, C, D) umfaßt, die verschiedene Produkte enthalten.
  2. Bügeleisen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abteilungen (A, B, C, D) der Kartusche in Serie in bezug zu dem Weg des Wassers, das aus dem Behälter (1, 54) kommt, angeordnet sind.
  3. Bügeleisen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abteilungen (A, B, C, D) der Kartusche parallel in bezug zu dem Weg des Wassers, das aus dem Behälter (1, 54) kommt, angeordnet sind.
  4. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abteilungen (A, B, C, D) der Kartusche gemäß einem Kreis angeordnet sind, der die serielle und parallele Art kombiniert.
  5. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abteilungen (A, B, C, D) derart angeordnet sind, daß der Weg des Wassers von der Wirkung der Schwerkraft profitiert.
  6. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel vorgesehen sind, um die Wassermenge in der Kartusche (3, 51) oder jeder Abteilung (A, B, C, D) zu steuern.
  7. Bügeleisen nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Steuermittel die Abmessungen von mindestens einem Durchgangsquerschnitt des Wassers umfassen.
  8. Bügeleisen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) ein Produkt umfaßt, das mindestens eine der folgenden Funktionen aufweist:
    Wasserdichtmachen des Textils;
    Wasseraufsaugendmachen des Textils;
    Wasserabweisendmachen des Textils;
    Desinfektion oder Keimfreimachen;
    Begünstigung der Knittererholung;
    Beigabe eines optischen Zusatzstoffes;
    Beigabe eines Stärkemittels;
    Geruchlosmachen;
    Verbesserung der Wasserbenetzung;
    Begünstigung der Verdampfung.
  9. Bügeleisen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) abnehmbar in einer Lagerung (55) des Bügeleisens angeordnet ist und mit dem eingeleiteten oder aus dem Wasserbehälter (1) austretenden Wasser oder mit dem Wasser des Behälters in Verbindung steht.
  10. Bügeleisen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) ständig mit dem Wasser in Verbindung steht.
  11. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) oder mindestens eine ihrer Abteilungen (A, B, C, D) ein Gemisch von Produkten enthält.
  12. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) oder eine ihrer Abteilungen (A, B, C, D) ein Entmineralisierungsprodukt umfaßt.
  13. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Produkt oder die Produkte zur Behandlung mit einem Träger und/oder einem anderen Produkt verbunden sind, das nicht an der Behandlung beteiligt ist, beispielsweise einem Gel, um die Wasserlöslichkeit des Produktes zu kontrollieren.
  14. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Mittel umfaßt, die durch den Benützer betätigt werden können, um die Einführung einer vordefinierten Dosis des Produktes oder der Produkte, die in der Kartusche enthalten sind, in den Behälter (1, 54) oder den Wasserkreislauf des Bügeleisens zu steuern.
  15. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wasser, das mit mindestens einem der Produkte in Kontakt gebracht wurde, durch die Dampfaustrittsöffnungen außerhalb des Bügeleisens verteilt wird.
  16. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wasser, das mit mindestens einem der Produkte in Kontakt gebracht wurde, durch einen Ausgang (7), der zu den zu bügelnden Waren gerichtet ist und sich von den Dampfaustrittsöffnungen unterscheidet, außerhalb des Bügeleisens verteilt wird.
  17. Bügeleisen nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eines der Produkte durch ein Verteilungssystem (8) nach außen verteilt wird, welches durch eine händische oder elektrische Pumpe betrieben wird.
  18. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) befüllbar ist.
  19. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) nach einer gewissen Verwendungszeit wegwerfbar ist.
  20. Bügeleisen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kartusche (3, 51) Mittel (70) umfaßt, um von außen den Zustand des Produktes, das sie enthält, oder sein Niveau in der Kartusche zu beobachten.
EP93400190A 1992-01-27 1993-01-26 Dampfbügeleisen mit einer Kartusche zur Behandlung von Wasser und/oder zu bügelnden Textilien Expired - Lifetime EP0554166B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9200825 1992-01-27
FR9200825A FR2686629B1 (fr) 1992-01-27 1992-01-27 Fer a repasser a vapeur comportant une cartouche de traitement.
FR9205277A FR2690698B1 (fr) 1992-04-29 1992-04-29 Fer a repasser a vapeur comportant une cartouche de traitement de l'eau et/ou des textiles a repasser.
FR9205277 1992-04-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0554166A1 EP0554166A1 (de) 1993-08-04
EP0554166B1 true EP0554166B1 (de) 1998-09-09

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93400190A Expired - Lifetime EP0554166B1 (de) 1992-01-27 1993-01-26 Dampfbügeleisen mit einer Kartusche zur Behandlung von Wasser und/oder zu bügelnden Textilien

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5526595A (de)
EP (1) EP0554166B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69320843T2 (de)

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GB2313133A (en) * 1996-05-14 1997-11-19 Robin Mark Sumner Fragrant additive for steam irons
FR2757364B1 (fr) * 1996-12-20 1999-02-26 Seb Sa Appareil electromenager avec moyen anti-tartre
FR2771424B1 (fr) * 1997-11-26 1999-12-31 Seb Sa Fer a repasser et procede de repassage avec distribution d'adjuvant textile
WO2000037092A1 (en) 1998-12-21 2000-06-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of using steam ironing of fabrics as a way of causing reduction of physiological and/or subjective reactivity to stress in humans
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IT1316557B1 (it) * 2000-12-12 2003-04-22 Mori Ezio De Dispositivo di distribuzione di vapori, particolarmente perelettrodomestici.
JP2005515049A (ja) * 2002-01-25 2005-05-26 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 家庭用電化製品および流動体及び添加剤を分配する分配システム
FR2850677A1 (fr) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-06 Seb Sa Fer a pompe electro-osmotique
FR2857381B1 (fr) * 2003-07-11 2005-08-19 Seb Sa Fer a repasser comportant un reservoir d'eau muni d'un orifice de remplissage sur la face arriere du fer
US7062869B1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2006-06-20 Lucy Pilcher Quick starch spray iron
FR2868442B1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2006-05-26 Seb Sa Fer a repasser comportant un reservoir d'additif
US7191554B2 (en) * 2004-06-17 2007-03-20 Applica Consumer Products, Inc. Steam iron
EP1859095A1 (de) * 2005-03-07 2007-11-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Ionenaustauscherkartusche
FR2882765B1 (fr) * 2005-03-07 2007-04-27 Rowenta Werke Gmbh Ges Mit Bes Appareil pour repasser ou defroisser le linge comportant un reservoir d'additif
ITPD20060167A1 (it) * 2006-04-28 2007-10-29 Bmi Bertollo Srl Filtro per caldaie perfezionato
CN104532531B (zh) * 2015-01-16 2018-05-01 广东美的环境电器制造有限公司 衣物护理机
CN107558139B (zh) * 2017-10-29 2020-06-19 刘敬妍 一种医院用消毒蒸汽熨斗

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FR2632331B1 (fr) * 1988-06-01 1991-05-10 Seb Sa Appareil electro-menager a vapeur comprenant un reservoir d'eau et un dispositif pour ajouter un compose chimique a l'eau de ce reservoir
FR2648163B1 (fr) * 1989-06-08 1991-10-18 Seb Sa Fer a repasser a cartouche demineralisante
FR2648485B1 (fr) * 1989-06-08 1991-11-15 Seb Sa Fer a repasser a reservoir incline
FR2653455A1 (fr) * 1989-10-20 1991-04-26 Seb Sa Reservoir d'eau pour fer a repasser et fer a repasser comportant un tel reservoir.
US5336419A (en) * 1990-06-06 1994-08-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Silicone gel for ease of ironing and better looking garments after ironing
FR2663052B1 (fr) * 1990-06-11 1992-09-04 Seb Sa Fer a repasser electrique a cartouche demineralisante et reservoir d'eau perfectionne.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5526595A (en) 1996-06-18
DE69320843D1 (de) 1998-10-15
EP0554166A1 (de) 1993-08-04
DE69320843T2 (de) 1999-03-25

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