EP0553011B1 - Schreibgerät mit Füllbleistift oder Kugelschreiber - Google Patents

Schreibgerät mit Füllbleistift oder Kugelschreiber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0553011B1
EP0553011B1 EP93400103A EP93400103A EP0553011B1 EP 0553011 B1 EP0553011 B1 EP 0553011B1 EP 93400103 A EP93400103 A EP 93400103A EP 93400103 A EP93400103 A EP 93400103A EP 0553011 B1 EP0553011 B1 EP 0553011B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
writing
lead
driving member
instrument
ball
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93400103A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0553011A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Morel-A-L'huissier
Honoré Calgaro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ST Dupont SA
Original Assignee
ST Dupont SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ST Dupont SA filed Critical ST Dupont SA
Publication of EP0553011A1 publication Critical patent/EP0553011A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0553011B1 publication Critical patent/EP0553011B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K27/00—Multiple-point writing implements, e.g. multicolour; Combinations of writing implements
    • B43K27/02—Combinations of pens and pencils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K24/00—Mechanisms for selecting, projecting, retracting or locking writing units
    • B43K24/02—Mechanisms for selecting, projecting, retracting or locking writing units for locking a single writing unit in only fully projected or retracted positions
    • B43K24/06—Mechanisms for selecting, projecting, retracting or locking writing units for locking a single writing unit in only fully projected or retracted positions operated by turning means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K27/00—Multiple-point writing implements, e.g. multicolour; Combinations of writing implements
    • B43K27/003—Multiple-point writing implements, e.g. multicolour; Combinations of writing implements only one holder being used either for the pencil or the pen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a writing instrument making it possible to write indifferently with a writing device of ball type or of mine type.
  • FR-A-1 004 813 discloses a writing instrument conforming to the preamble part of claim 1.
  • the writing member is mounted directly on the driving element so that it does not receives only a specific writing element mine or ball. Furthermore, it does not allow a determined advance of mine for a writing device with a mine provided with a clamp mechanism or mine mechanism.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by means of the teaching of claim 1.
  • the driving element is tubular, being constituted by a simple tube mounted sliding inside the body of the instrument, and moved by means of the control member.
  • the action of the control member on this driving element can result from an operation of direct translation of the member by the operator, for example using a finger on an operating end piece, and locking of position of the member on a notched hooking element or be indirect by rotation of this member, leading by a set of cams suitable for the translational action on the driving element with a view to removing or not the member writing itself (its writing tip).
  • the driving element may also be constituted by a part of the body of the instrument itself.
  • a bidle writing member 1 will be referred to as the subassembly (FIG. 1) consisting of a tube filled with ink and provided at one end with a crimped ball, allowing the ink to be transferred from the tube had support on which the user writes, said tube possibly comprising a shoulder 2 on the writing side.
  • a writing device 1 ′ will be called a sub-assembly (FIG. 2) comprising a mine reservoir and a clamp mechanism which, under compression, is likely to bring out portions of mine of a determined length. Said mechanism is of a model commonly available from manufacturers, its operation being based on the fact that during compression thereof, a clamp 4 ( Figure 3) moves, causing in its movement a mine.
  • the clamp At the end of its translational movement, the clamp opens and releases the mine. When the compressive force is released, the forceps back while closing and the lead is retained in its guide 5.
  • This sub-assembly includes a shoulder 2 ′ on the side of the writing tip.
  • Each of the writing members, ball or lead can be provided at the end opposite the writing tip with a connecting element or end piece (respectively 3, 3 '), immobilized at least in translation relative to the writing organ.
  • the connecting element can play several roles. It can first of all have a compensating role in relation to the possible differences in length of the writing organs, lead and ball. Secondly, it acts as an adapter in order to make the ends opposite the writing tip identical in shape and size. Finally, it can provide a practical handling advantage for the user when changing a writing device, for example by having a notched external surface state.
  • the writing members are conventional, as mentioned previously, but they can be integrated into writing instruments according to the invention of various configurations.
  • the writing instrument shown is made up (FIG. 4a) of a lower tube called sheath 11 and of an upper cap 12.
  • the tube 11 has on the writing side a stop 111 on which the writing member comes to bear. .
  • the tube 11 has an external male thread 112.
  • the cap 12 fulfills the function of tubular drive of the writing member, having in the part inside a housing 122 capable of receiving the end 3 or 3 ′ of this writing member and of retaining the latter thanks to an elastic deformation (by fitting).
  • This cap 12 in the form of a tube has an internal female thread 123 capable of receiving the male thread 112 of the tube 11, so as to secure these tubes, and two longitudinal grooves 124 and 125 formed in its thickness ( Figure 4b).
  • An annular elastic member 13 is received in a groove 113 of the tube 11.
  • This plastic member 13 has a protrusion 131, and is immobilized integrally with the tube 11 by means of its curved ends inserted in a slot 114 of the tube 11.
  • the cap 12 comprises a clip 20 and its fixing device 21.
  • the operation of the writing instrument is as follows. The user removes the cap 12 from the tube 11 by unscrewing it, inserts the chosen writing device, using a lead or ball, in the housing 122 of the cap, then screwing it back on the tube 11.
  • the rotation of the cap 12 relative to the tube 11 in the opposite direction causes the writing member to retract, and when the protuberance 131 is located opposite the housing 125 of the cap, the elastic member 13 expands, causing a braking of the rotational movement which indicates to the user that the tip of the writing member has returned inside the pen.
  • FIG. 7 shows the relative positioning of the various members in the retracted position.
  • the rotation of the cap causes the same movement as previously, that is to say the exit from the end of the lead writing device, positioning its shoulder 2 ′ substantially in abutment on the stop 111 of the sheath ( figure 8). If the user prolongs this rotation by passing the protuberance 131 beyond the housing 124, he thus causes a new advance of the mine mechanism which will ensure the compression of the writing member, compression exerted between the support 2 'and the 'end 3' secured to the cap 12. This compression stresses the internal mechanism of the writing device mine and causes the exit of a portion of mine ( Figure 9).
  • the writing instrument consists as above ( Figure 10) of a body composed of two tubes placed end to end, substantially the same diameter and the same length, the lower or anterior called sheath 11 and have on the side writing a stop 111 on which the shoulder of the writing member can rest, and the other upper 12, called a cap, comprising teeth 126 and 127 (FIG. 11), of different lengths in the posterior part of its internal face. It further comprises a central tubular driver 23 slidably mounted in the body and having at one end a thread 231 in which the user can screw the connecting element 3 or 3 'in which the writing member is fitted.
  • An operating device 6, operating by latching and known per se (Figure 11), is located at the rear end of the instrument.
  • This device drives the translation of the coach.
  • a stop insert 16 is force fitted into the tube 11.
  • An elastic return member 17 is compressed between the insert 16 and the tubular driver 23.
  • a clip 20 and its fixing device 21 are mounted as before on the cap.
  • the latching device ( Figure 11) operates in a conventional manner by the translational operation of an end pusher 14 and makes it possible to obtain two equilibrium positions of a grooved movable internal tube 15 in contact with the driver.
  • the operation of the instrument is as follows. The user removes the cap 12 from the sheath 11 (by unscrewing), screws the writing member chosen in the tubular driver 23 via the connecting element 3 or 3 ', then puts the cap 12 back on. with the writing member on the sheath 11.
  • the connecting element 3 ′ of the lead member (FIG. 14) has a length such that, in the first equilibrium position, the shoulder 2 ′ of the writing member is almost in support on the stop 111 of the sheath 11 ( Figure 15).
  • a pressure exerted on the pusher 14 causes the grooved tube 15 and therefore that of the tubular driver 13 to advance. This determines whether the shoulder 2 'is pressed against the stop 111, then the output of a portion of mine ( Figure 16). After releasing the pressure on the pusher, the instrument is in the writing position and able to receive new stresses for mine exits.
  • the writing instrument consists ( Figure 17a, 17b, 17c) of a body composed as before of two tubes placed end to end, substantially the same length and the same diameter, one called sheath 11 and having side writing a stop 111 on which will rest the shoulder 2 'of the writing device to mine in particular, the other 12 called cap. It comprises a central tubular drive 23 ′ into which the user inserts the writing member, immobilization being effected by means of a split elastic ring 33 present on the connecting element 3 or 3 ′ (it - even fitted on the ball refill or the mine mechanism), elastic ring blocking in an internal groove 231 'of the tubular drive. Said tubular driver has at its anterior end two shoulders 234 'and 232'.
  • This tube has a finger 241 on its external lateral surface and a longitudinal notch 242 at its anterior end.
  • a control tube 25 surrounding the driver at its rear part has teeth 251 towards its rear end allowing it to be free in translation relative to the cap 12 but linked in rotation relative to the latter, said teeth 251 being introduced in the longitudinal grooves 121 of the cap.
  • An insert 26 is force fitted into the sheath 11. This insert is provided on its inner surface with longitudinal grooves 261 in which the notching teeth 242 of the tube 24 slide, thus preventing any rotation of said tube.
  • a tubular end piece 27 is mounted adjacent to the insert.
  • This end piece is preferably made of a plastic material overmolded on the front end of the tube 25.
  • This tubular end piece has on its lateral surface a slot 271 forming a hole in the helical cam path into which the finger 241 is inserted. The end piece is resting against the insert 26.
  • An elastic member 18 is compressed between the shoulder 234 'of the tubular driver and the tube 24, leaving a clearance "e" between the tube 24 and the shoulder 232' in the rest position of the tubular driver 23 '.
  • Various fixing members are provided, such as an annular screw 19 making it possible to immobilize in translation the control tube 25 by means of the tubular end piece 27, an elastic element 120 with a blade fixed in the cap 12 and frictionally retaining said cap on the control tube 25, a clip 20 and a fixing screw 22.
  • the operation of the writing instrument is as follows.
  • the user dislocates by translation the cap 12 of the control tube 25, and inserts the writing device chosen in the tubular driver.
  • the immobilization in translation of the connecting element 3 or 3 'relative to this tubular drive is achieved by means of the split ring 33 housed in a groove 31 of the connecting element, split ring which tightens during the 'introduction into the trainer relaxes when it faces the groove 231' of said trainer, and thus secures the writing member to the trainer.
  • the user puts the cap back on the control tube 25.
  • this type of embodiment also has two other advantages.
  • the first is linked to the addition of an elastic compensating member 18 and the space "e", an addition which gives writing comfort on the one hand since if the user changes his writing pressure, or else written on a hard surface, the elastic organ is able to absorb these pressure variations.
  • the elastic organ is able to absorb these pressure variations.
  • it allows to absorb dimensional variations in the length of the mine mechanism while avoiding premature compression of said mechanism.
  • it avoids wear of the members in the case of the use of a ball-point writing member having a shoulder 2.
  • the writing instrument consists ( Figures 23a, 23b, and 23c) of a body composed of two tubes placed end to end, as before, substantially of the same diameter, one called sheath 11 and the other cap. 12.
  • the sheath is on the side of the writing member and preferably has a conical shape at its anterior end, provided with an internal stop 111.
  • This assembly forming a body, houses a central tubular driver 23 '' in which the user inserts the writing device, either ball or lead. It immobilizes the latter in the driver, for example by means of a thread formed at the rear end and receiving a screw or a complementary thread secured to the connecting element 3, itself fitted by elastic deformation on the body of the ball refill or the mine mechanism.
  • a cylindrical bell-shaped cam 35 preferably made of plastic overmolded on the tubular driver, is also housed. This has a lug 351 laterally.
  • the development of this cam (FIG. 24) comprises three equilibrium zones A ', C' and E ', two ascending slopes B' and D 'of the same inclination and a descending slope F' , preferably vertical.
  • a guide tube 37 surrounds the assembly on the anterior portion. This tube laterally has a slot 371 over a part of its length, said slot receiving a lug 351.
  • a control tube 38 surrounds the assembly on the rear portion.
  • This tube has at its anterior end a bell-shaped cam 39, perfectly complementary to the cam 35 and preferably made of a plastic material overmolded on said driving tube (FIG. 25).
  • This tube 38 presents locally at its surface of the teeth 381 which, being introduced into the longitudinal internal grooves 121 of the cap 12, allow it to be free in translation relative to said cap, but linked in rotation relative to the latter.
  • a return spring 30 is mounted between the front end of the driver and the cam 35. It tends to keep the central tubular driver in the retracted position by means of the cam 35.
  • An insert 31 is force-fitted into the sheath 11. This insert has at its rear end a lug 311 which is introduced into the slot 371 of the guide tube 37 and immobilizes it in rotation.
  • Various fixing members are also contained, such as a screw 32 making it possible to secure in translation the control tube 38 and cam 39 assembly by means of a tightening joint 43, an elastic element 120 ′ fixed in the cap. 12 by the screw 22 tightened at its end and frictionally retaining the cap 12 on the control tube 38, and a clip 20 fixed to the cap 12 by said screw 22.
  • the relative rotation of the cap 12 relative to the sheath 11 causes in its movement the control tube 38 which transmits this movement to the cam 39.
  • the rotation of this cam 39 causes the translation of the cam 35 which is immobilized in rotation by the 'intermediate of the lug 351 sliding in the slot 371 of the tube 37.
  • This translation causes the translation of the tubular driver 23''which determines the advance and the output of the end of the writing member (figure 27a), the possible shoulder 2 of which will be positioned almost in abutment on the stop 111.
  • the friction is carried out simultaneously on the corresponding parallel surfaces B and B 'and D and D ', thus greatly reduce the wear of the parts.
  • cams 35 and 39 a press according to which they have three equilibrium zones A, C and E, (A ′, C ′ and E ′), the first two allowing the user to easily find the two usual configurations for positioning the writing organs.
  • the third equilibrium zone E is of great interest to the user. Indeed, in conventional writing instruments equipped with a clamp mechanism of this type, when broken pieces of mine or of too large diameter have blocked the organs of the mechanism, the user must perform a tedious operation, which consists in maintain with one hand the mechanism in the compressed position, and with the other hand, to introduce through the anterior end of the instrument the rod usually supplied and which makes it possible to repel the pieces of lead.
  • the particular shape of the cam press in FIG. 32 as described above will preferably be used in small diameter instruments because it allows, despite a small circumference, to obtain slopes allowing a gentle maneuver for the user and without risk of wear. for moving parts.
  • the shape of the cam in FIG. 33 can be used in instruments of larger diameter allowing a larger cam development, and thus allowing control of the mechanism by rotation in one direction or the other.
  • the operating member may also include a selective control element as a function of the writing member used, for example a turning wheel depending on whether a mine or ball refill is used, authorizing compensation for the length of mine refills or ball.
  • This element can also act on the drive compensation spring of the trainer by taring it differently depending on whether it is a mine refill (harder) or a ball refill.

Landscapes

  • Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Schreibinstrument, bestehend aus einem einzigen Mitnehmerelement (12,23,23',23''), das in dessen Körper aufgenommen oder gebildet ist und nach Wahl des Benutzers ein Schreiborgan vom Typ mit einer Kugel oder Mine (1,1') aufnehmen kann, das auf klassische Weise aus einer Nachfüllmine oder einem Mechanismus mit einer Mine besteht, der den festgelegten Vorschub der Mine vornimmt, wenn auf einen geeigneten Anschlag (111) an seinem vorhergehenden Ende Druck ausgeübt wird, und einem Steuerorgan, das in der Lage ist, das genannte Mitnehmerelement durch Translation der Betätigung dieses Organs durch den Benutzer in eine erste Position, in der das Schreiborgan aus dem Instrument im Hinblick auf seine Benutzung hervorgetreten ist, und in eine zweite Position der Nichtbenutzung zu bewegen, in der es in den Innenraum zurückgekehrt ist, wobei das genannte Mitnehmerelement ein rohrförmiges Element ist, das im Körper des Instrumentes koaxial geführt und betätigt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes der Schreiborgane des Typs mit Kugel oder mit Mine mit einem Verbindungselement (3,3') verbunden ist, das auf dem Mitnehmerelement befestigt ist und an dem das Schreiborgan befestigt ist, wobei dieses Element ein Zwischenorgan zwischen dem Schreiborgan im eigentlichen Sinne und dem beweglichen Mitnehmerelement ist, koaxial zum Mitnehmerelement, und das die auf das Mitnehmerelement ausgeübte Bewegung vollkommen an das Schreiborgan weitergibt, und eine Ausgleichsfunktion in bezug auf die unterschiedlichen Längen der Schreiborgane Mine oder Kugel hat, sowie eine Adapterfunktion an das Mitnehmerelement wegen Seiner Befestigung an diesem, und eine Funktion zur Erleichterung der Bedienung durch seinen Benutzer beispielsweise durch das Einrasten seiner Oberfläche hat, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Mitnehmerelement (12,23,23',23'') in einer dritten Position beweglich ist, in welcher der Minenmechanismus des Schreiborgans mit Mine (1') durch Drücken des Schreiborgans mit Mine auf den genannten Anschlag (111) zum Vorschub der genannten Mine offen gehalten wird.
  2. Schreibinstrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Mitnehmerelement aus einem Teil des Instrumentenkörpers und zum Beispiel durch das Teil der hinteren Verschlußkappe (12) gebildet wird.
  3. Schreibinstrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachfüllmine oder der Minenmechanismus, die das Schreiborgan im eigentlichen Sinne bilden, durch Einstecken ihres hinteren rohrförmigen Endes in das Verbindungselement (3,3'), das mit dem Mitnehmerelement fest verbunden ist, befestigt sind.
  4. Schreibinstrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungselement (3,3') durch Verschrauben seines hinteren Endes fest mit dem Mitnehmerelement verbunden ist.
  5. Schreibinstrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungselement (3,3') durch Einklipsen, zum Beispiel mit Hilfe eines elastischen geschlitzten Ringes (33), der in eine zusätzliche passende Vertiefung (231') des Mitnehmerelementes paßt, mit dem Mitnehmerelement fest verbunden ist.
  6. Schreibinstrument nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein elastisches Zwischenorgan (17,18,30) zum Mitnehmen des Mitnehmerelementes aufweist, das übermäßigen Druck beim Betätigen absorbieren und den Schreibkomfort des Benutzers erhöhen kann.
  7. Schreibinstrument nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mitnehmerelement durch einen Translationsmechanismus mit einem Ansatz zur Betätigung, der zum Beispiel aus dem hinteren Teil des Instrumentes gebildet wird, bewegt wird, wobei sich dieser Mechanismus der klassischen Organe zum Umwandlung von Bewegungen bedient, wie Translation durch Verschrauben (112,123), Translation mit Einrasten in Position (6), Translation durch Drehen auf einem Nockenprofil (241,271;35,39) mit verschiedenen Gleichgewichtslagen.
  8. Schreibinstrument nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte Mechanismus zum Betätigen des Mitnehmerelementes zwei Nocken in Glockenform (35,39) besitzt, die sich ergänzen, wobei eine bei der Drehung fest, bei der Translation aber beweglich ist, und die andere bei der Translation fest und bei der Drehung beweglich ist, der Nockenbereich drei Gleichgewichtszonen enthält, die den jeweiligen Positionen des Zurückziehens des Schreiborgans, Heraustreten des Schreiborgans und der Minenzufuhr des Minenorgans entsprechen.
  9. Schreibinstrument nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es auf einem Teil seines Körpers seitlich geöffnet werden kann, um das Schreiborgan leicht und schnell in die entsprechenden Anschläge zum Positionieren das Mitnehmerelementes einsetzen zu können.
  10. Schreibinstrument nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betätigungsorgan des Mitnehmerelementes auf ein nach dem gewählten Schreiborgan selektives Bedienungsrad zurückgreift, das beispielsweise den Ausgleich der Längen der Nachfüllminen oder Kugeln gestattet und oder die Zwischenfeder des Mitnehmerelementes differentiel austariert.
EP93400103A 1992-01-21 1993-01-18 Schreibgerät mit Füllbleistift oder Kugelschreiber Expired - Lifetime EP0553011B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9200597A FR2686291B1 (fr) 1992-01-21 1992-01-21 Instrument a ecrire a organe d'ecriture mine ou bille.
FR9200597 1992-01-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0553011A1 EP0553011A1 (de) 1993-07-28
EP0553011B1 true EP0553011B1 (de) 1995-07-26

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93400103A Expired - Lifetime EP0553011B1 (de) 1992-01-21 1993-01-18 Schreibgerät mit Füllbleistift oder Kugelschreiber

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0553011B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0687291A (de)
AT (1) ATE125497T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69300285T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2075761T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2686291B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3017524T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69308191T2 (de) * 1992-12-03 1997-09-18 Kotobuki & Co Ltd Schreibgerät
GB9406837D0 (en) * 1994-04-07 1994-06-01 Parker Pen Bv Propelling pencil mechanism
JP4478972B2 (ja) * 2003-08-07 2010-06-09 三菱鉛筆株式会社 ノック式筆記具及びノック式筆記具の出没機構

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1004813A (fr) * 1947-05-16 1952-04-03 Perfectionnements aux porte-plume et porte-mines

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH256550A (de) * 1946-10-07 1948-08-31 Ag Brac Mehrfarbenstift.
FR1252896A (fr) * 1960-02-29 1961-02-03 Christian Ets Mode de présentation pour la vente d'instruments à écrire, en pièces détachées, permettant le montage et la transformation de ces instruments au gré de l'usager
JPS5612072Y2 (de) * 1978-03-31 1981-03-19
JPH0442154Y2 (de) * 1986-01-04 1992-10-05
US4968167A (en) * 1989-01-19 1990-11-06 Shuhei Kageyama Combined writing tool

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1004813A (fr) * 1947-05-16 1952-04-03 Perfectionnements aux porte-plume et porte-mines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69300285T2 (de) 1996-02-29
FR2686291B1 (fr) 1996-11-29
GR3017524T3 (en) 1995-12-31
ES2075761T3 (es) 1995-10-01
DE69300285D1 (de) 1995-08-31
JPH0687291A (ja) 1994-03-29
ATE125497T1 (de) 1995-08-15
FR2686291A1 (fr) 1993-07-23
EP0553011A1 (de) 1993-07-28

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