EP0548396B1 - Dispositif servant à mélanger deux composants gazeux et brûleur dans lequel ce dispositif est appliqué - Google Patents

Dispositif servant à mélanger deux composants gazeux et brûleur dans lequel ce dispositif est appliqué Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0548396B1
EP0548396B1 EP91122141A EP91122141A EP0548396B1 EP 0548396 B1 EP0548396 B1 EP 0548396B1 EP 91122141 A EP91122141 A EP 91122141A EP 91122141 A EP91122141 A EP 91122141A EP 0548396 B1 EP0548396 B1 EP 0548396B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inlet flow
ramps
burner
nozzles
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91122141A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0548396A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert E. Prof. Dr. Breidenthal
Jakob Dr. Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority to DE59104727T priority Critical patent/DE59104727D1/de
Priority to EP91122141A priority patent/EP0548396B1/fr
Priority to US07/985,316 priority patent/US5340306A/en
Priority to JP34202992A priority patent/JP3219875B2/ja
Publication of EP0548396A1 publication Critical patent/EP0548396A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0548396B1 publication Critical patent/EP0548396B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/0015—Whirl chambers, e.g. vortex valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device for mixing two gaseous components according to the preamble of claim 1 and on a burner according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as characterized in the independent claims, solves the problem of creating a device for mixing two gaseous components, which produces particularly intensive vortices, as are necessary for a particularly intimate and uniform mixing of the components, and one Specify burner whose ability to generate a primary temperature distribution as uniform as possible is advantageously increased by this device.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that simple measures in the area of the inflow of one of the gaseous components result in a particularly intimate, uniform and rapid mixing of the two components. If this device is used in a burner of the type described, a particularly uniform mixing of the Combustion air with the gaseous fuel is reached before the onset of the reaction, which results in very good combustion characteristics, in particular the occurrence of undesired combustion products, such as NOx, is advantageously reduced.
  • the fuel is also better utilized, which suppresses the formation of unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds and carbon monoxide.
  • the irregular cross section of the inflow gap has the result that a particularly intensive vortex formation of the inflowing combustion air occurs in the area around the lateral edges of the ramps, which constrict the cross section in places.
  • a particularly intimate and effective mixing is therefore possible with the combustible gas injected in the area between the ramps.
  • These vortices are so intense that they also partially act in the area downstream of the tear-off edge of the ramps and also incorporate the combustible gas injected there through additional injection nozzles into the particularly intensive mixing process.
  • the burner 1 shows a schematic, highly simplified, perspective illustration of one of the burners 1 of a gas turbine system.
  • This burner 1 can also be used in other systems in which hot gases are generated.
  • the burner 1 consists of two hollow partial cone bodies 2, 3, the central axes of which run parallel and are offset from one another in the radial direction.
  • a collar 4 which is only partially shown, connects the partial cone bodies 2, 3 to one another.
  • the remaining brackets for the burner 1 and the inflow channels for the combustion air are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the displacement of the partial cone bodies 2, 3 creates two inflow gaps 5 each between an outer edge 6 and an adjacent inner edge 7 of the partial cone bodies 2, 3.
  • the two partial cone bodies 2, 3 each have the same opening angle.
  • a burner nozzle 8 is indicated with an arrow 9, which shows the supply of liquid fuel into the burner nozzle 8.
  • the burner 1 can also be operated without feeding the burner nozzle 8.
  • a guide plate 10 is generally rigidly attached to each of the outer edges 6. But it is also conceivable to attach this guide plate 10 in an adjustable manner. Between each guide plate 10 and the opposite outer wall of the corresponding one of the partial cone bodies 2 or 3, an inflow channel 11 is formed, which opens into the inflow gap 5. The course of the inflow channel 11 is shown schematically in FIG. 2. Arrows 12 indicate the inflow of the combustion air, which is almost tangential through the inflow gap 5 into the interior of the Partial cone body 2, 3 flows. The remaining supply of the combustion air is not shown. Inflow nozzles 13 are provided along the outer edge 6 for introducing gaseous or gaseous fuel into the area of the inflow gap 5.
  • the associated fuel supply duct which is located on the outside of the burner 1, is not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of a better overview, in FIG 2, however, the fuel supply channel 14 is indicated.
  • an arrow 15 indicates the direction of flow of the inflowing gaseous fuel.
  • ramps 16 are attached to the guide plates 10 in the inflow duct 11, which thicken in the direction of the inflowing combustion air onto the inflow gap 5 and which end in front of the inflow gap 5 with a tear-off edge 17.
  • the inflow nozzles 13 are arranged in the region next to and / or after the tear-off edge 17 of the ramps 16.
  • the inflow nozzles 13 are arranged in the range from the simple to approximately five times the hydraulic diameter of the ramps 16.
  • the distance between the inflow nozzles 13 and the tear-off edge 17 is comparatively large compared to the diameter of the inflow nozzles 13.
  • the swirling flow of the combustion air that separates from the tear-off edge 17 is shown in FIG. 2 by an arrow 18.
  • the ramps 16 extend into the inflow channel 11 to a length which corresponds approximately to three to five times the height of the inflow gap 5.
  • the same measure is also the minimum length of the inflow channel 11, and an extension of the inflow channel 11 beyond this minimum measure can bring about an improvement in flow.
  • Fig. 1 only two ramps 16 are specified on each of the baffles 10. However, it is advantageous to provide the entire length of the baffles 10 with such ramps 16, so as to ensure good mixing of the gaseous fuel with the incoming combustion air even in the narrower part of the burner to reach. It is also possible to provide only that part of the burner 1 with ramps 16 which is adjacent to the outlet into the combustion chamber, since particularly good mixing of the gaseous fuel with the combustion air is important in this area.
  • the section A-A indicated in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 3. Between the ramps 16 there is an intermediate space 19 which is approximately the same width as the ramps 16.
  • Fuel jets 20 indicate in which area the inflow nozzles 13 introduce the gaseous fuel behind the cutting plane.
  • Vortexes 21 schematically outlined indicate the locations of the most violent eddying of the incoming combustion air.
  • the vortices generated by the ramps 16 are intended to amplify the momentum of the fuel jets 20.
  • the inflow nozzles 13 for the fuel inlet are arranged in such a way that the fuel reaches the area of the largest radially inwardly directed air velocity components in the area of the vortices 21.
  • the width of the spaces 19 does not have to correspond to the width of the ramps 16 in all applications.
  • the optimal mixing conditions can be set from case to case if the burner is optimized for certain applications. It is also possible to design burners in such a way that the width of the ramps 16 increases in the direction of the burner outlet.
  • the mixing can also be influenced by the height of the tear-off edge 17.
  • the tear-off edge will have a height of approximately 25% to approximately 50% of the height of the inflow gap 5.
  • These values can also be optimized for the particular application of the burner.
  • the ramps 16 can also be replaced or supplemented by milling in the guide plate 10 with the same effect, in particular when upgrading existing systems, this variant could be selected advantageously.
  • the device according to the invention for mixing two gaseous components can not only be used advantageously in burners or similar devices, as described in the exemplary embodiment, it can also be used wherever particularly intimate mixing of two gases is required. It is also conceivable to intimately mix different vapors or also vapors and gases with one another with this device.
  • the gaseous fuel flowing in through the inlet nozzles 13 is mixed with the combustion air.
  • the momentum of the rays of the incoming high-calorific fuel is not sufficient for an intimate mixing of the two components. Even with reasonable technical effort, it is not possible to increase this momentum.
  • the ramps 16 with the tear-off edge 17 in the inflow channel 11 produce a targeted arrangement of longitudinal vortices in the inflow gap 5, as indicated by the arrow 18 and the vortices 21. These longitudinal vortices hit the fuel jets 20 and carry the gaseous fuel with them and ensure optimal mixing of the fuel with the combustion air.
  • the actual combustion takes place in the known flame front 22 of this type of burner.
  • a backflow zone 23 also forms, which stabilizes the flame front 22. With this burner, the intimate mixing of the fuels with the combustion air leads to combustion with very low thermal NOx generation and good utilization of the energy content of the fuels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Dispositif pour le mélange de deux composants gazeux avec un canal d'admission (11), qui débouche dans une fente d'admission (5) et par lequel pénètre le premier des deux composants, et avec des gicleurs d'admission (13) par lesquels le second des deux composants est introduit dans la région de la fente d'admission (5), dans lequel il est prévu dans la région du canal d'admission (11) des rampes (16) qui s'épaississent vers l'aval en direction de la fente d'admission (5) et qui se terminent dans la fente d'admission (5) par une arête de décollement (17) provoquant des tourbillons (21) du premier composant, et dans lequel les gicleurs d'admission (13) sont disposés dans la région située à côté de et/ou après l'arête de décollement (17) des rampes (16), caractérisé en ce que
    - les rampes (16) sont disposées isolément et à distance l'une de l'autre, et en ce que
    - les gicleurs d'admission (13) sont disposés de telle façon qu'à travers eux, le second des deux composants parvienne dans la région de la plus grande composante de vitesse orientée radialement vers l'intérieur, des tourbillons (21) du premier composant entrant.
  2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    - les gicleurs d'admission (13) sont disposés sensiblement perpendiculairement à la direction d'entrée du premier composant entrant.
  3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    - les gicleurs d'admission (13) sont disposés dans la région comprise entre une fois et environ cinq fois le diamètre hydraulique des rampes (16).
  4. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que
    - la distance entre les gicleurs d'admission (13) et l'arête de décollement (17) est relativement grande par rapport au diamètre des gicleurs d'admission (13).
  5. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que
    - les rampes (16) s'étendent vers l'amont sur une longueur qui correspond environ à trois à cinq fois la hauteur de la lente d'admission (5), et en ce que
    - l'arête de décollement (17) présente une hauteur d'environ 25 % à environ 50 % de la hauteur de la fente d'admission (5).
  6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que
    - le canal d'admission (11) s'étend vers l'amont au moins sur une longueur qui correspond à trois à cinq fois la hauteur de la lente d'admission (5).
  7. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que
    - le premier des deux composants gazeux est principalement l'air de combustion, et en ce que
    - le second des deux composants gazeux est un combustible gazeux ou gazéifié.
  8. Brûleur pour la production de gaz chaud, qui présente au moins deux corps coniques partiels (2, 3) creux s'ouvrant vers la sortie du brûleur, dont les axes centraux parallèles sont décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre, et qui forment au moins deux canaux d'admission (11) orientés tangentiellement et au moins deux lentes d'admission (5), caractérisé en ce que
    - dans chacun des au moins deux canaux d'admission (11) il est prévu au moins un des dispositifs suivant la revendication 7, et en ce que
    - les rampes (16) de ces dispositifs sont disposées principalement dans la région de la fente d'admission (5) respective, située vers la sortie du brûleur.
  9. Brûleur suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que
    - à l'arête extérieure (6) de chaque fente d'admission (5), par rapport à l'axe central du corps conique partiel (2,3) respectif, est adjoint un déflecteur (10), qui forme la paroi externe du canal d'admission (11), et en ce que
    - le déflecteur (10) constitue un support pour les rampes (16).
  10. Brûleur suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que
    - entre les rampes individuelles (16), il est prévu des espaces intermédiaires (19) ayant sensiblement la même largeur que les rampes (16).
  11. Brûleur suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que
    - la largeur des rampes (16) augmente en direction de la sortie du brûleur.
EP91122141A 1991-12-23 1991-12-23 Dispositif servant à mélanger deux composants gazeux et brûleur dans lequel ce dispositif est appliqué Expired - Lifetime EP0548396B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59104727T DE59104727D1 (de) 1991-12-23 1991-12-23 Vorrichtung für die Vermischung zweier gasförmiger Komponenten und Brenner, in welchem diese Vorrichtung eingesetzt wird.
EP91122141A EP0548396B1 (fr) 1991-12-23 1991-12-23 Dispositif servant à mélanger deux composants gazeux et brûleur dans lequel ce dispositif est appliqué
US07/985,316 US5340306A (en) 1991-12-23 1992-12-04 Device for mixing two gaseous components and burner in which this device is employed
JP34202992A JP3219875B2 (ja) 1991-12-23 1992-12-22 ２種のガス状成分を混合する装置及びこの装置を内蔵したバーナ

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91122141A EP0548396B1 (fr) 1991-12-23 1991-12-23 Dispositif servant à mélanger deux composants gazeux et brûleur dans lequel ce dispositif est appliqué

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0548396A1 EP0548396A1 (fr) 1993-06-30
EP0548396B1 true EP0548396B1 (fr) 1995-02-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP91122141A Expired - Lifetime EP0548396B1 (fr) 1991-12-23 1991-12-23 Dispositif servant à mélanger deux composants gazeux et brûleur dans lequel ce dispositif est appliqué

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5340306A (fr)
EP (1) EP0548396B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3219875B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE59104727D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006033214A1 (de) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-24 Ekkehardt Dietze Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wirbeln

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EP0620403B1 (fr) * 1993-04-08 1996-12-04 ABB Management AG Dispositif de mélange et de stabilisation de la flamme dans une chambre de combustion avec mélange préalable du combustible.
CH687832A5 (de) * 1993-04-08 1997-02-28 Asea Brown Boveri Brennstoffzufuehreinrichtung fuer Brennkammer.
CH687831A5 (de) * 1993-04-08 1997-02-28 Asea Brown Boveri Vormischbrenner.
DE59402803D1 (de) * 1993-04-08 1997-06-26 Asea Brown Boveri Brennkammer
DE4411622A1 (de) * 1994-04-02 1995-10-05 Abb Management Ag Vormischbrenner
DE19502796B4 (de) * 1995-01-30 2004-10-28 Alstom Brenner
DE19619873A1 (de) * 1996-05-17 1997-11-20 Abb Research Ltd Brenner
DE19626240A1 (de) * 1996-06-29 1998-01-02 Abb Research Ltd Vormischbrenner und Verfahren zum Betrieb des Brenners
US5836282A (en) 1996-12-27 1998-11-17 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method of reducing pollution emissions in a two-stroke sliding vane internal combustion engine
DE19721936A1 (de) * 1997-05-26 1998-12-03 Abb Research Ltd Brenner zum Betrieb eines Aggregates zur Erzeugung eines Heissgases
DE59709446D1 (de) * 1997-10-31 2003-04-10 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Brenner für den Betrieb eines Wärmeerzeugers
US6113078A (en) * 1998-03-18 2000-09-05 Lytesyde, Llc Fluid processing method
WO2004025179A1 (fr) * 2002-08-09 2004-03-25 Jfe Steel Corporation Bruleur tubulaire et procede de commande de la combustion
US7104528B2 (en) * 2003-08-15 2006-09-12 Lytesyde, Llc Fuel processor apparatus and method
US7717096B2 (en) * 2006-01-23 2010-05-18 Lytesyde, Llc Fuel processor apparatus and method
US7681569B2 (en) * 2006-01-23 2010-03-23 Lytesyde, Llc Medical liquid processor apparatus and method
EP1890083A1 (fr) * 2006-08-16 2008-02-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Injecteur de carburant pour une turbine à gaz
EP1975506A1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pré-chambre de combustion
US8028674B2 (en) * 2007-08-07 2011-10-04 Lytesyde, Llc Fuel processor apparatus and method
US8863525B2 (en) * 2011-01-03 2014-10-21 General Electric Company Combustor with fuel staggering for flame holding mitigation
EP2700879B1 (fr) * 2012-08-24 2019-03-27 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Procédé pour mélanger un air de dilution dans un système de combustion séquentielle d'une turbine à gaz, et système de combustion séquentielle pour une turbine à gaz comprenant un injecteur d'air de dilution
CN109854574A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-07 付景满 一种流体导流系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006033214A1 (de) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-24 Ekkehardt Dietze Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wirbeln

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5340306A (en) 1994-08-23
EP0548396A1 (fr) 1993-06-30
JPH05240437A (ja) 1993-09-17
JP3219875B2 (ja) 2001-10-15
DE59104727D1 (de) 1995-03-30

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