EP0546315A1 - Condenseur à vapeur - Google Patents

Condenseur à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546315A1
EP0546315A1 EP92118798A EP92118798A EP0546315A1 EP 0546315 A1 EP0546315 A1 EP 0546315A1 EP 92118798 A EP92118798 A EP 92118798A EP 92118798 A EP92118798 A EP 92118798A EP 0546315 A1 EP0546315 A1 EP 0546315A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooler
tubes
cooling water
steam condenser
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92118798A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0546315B1 (fr
Inventor
Jerg Dipl.-Ing. Scheurlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balcke Duerr GmbH
Original Assignee
PreussenElektra AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PreussenElektra AG filed Critical PreussenElektra AG
Publication of EP0546315A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546315A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0546315B1 publication Critical patent/EP0546315B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam condenser with at least one tube bundle through which cooling water flows, the tubes of which are fastened at their ends in tube sheets and are supported along their length by a plurality of supporting walls, with annular gaps between the tubular jacket surface and the inner wall of the bore in the passage of the tubes through the supporting walls result in the support wall, and to which a cooler for the non-condensable gases is assigned, the tubes of which are separated from the tubes above by at least one cover, the non-condensable gases, in particular air, being sucked out of the space formed by the cover.
  • a steam condenser of the type described above is known for example from EP-A 325 758.
  • the non-condensable gases are sucked out of the cooler over the entire length of the cooler.
  • the pressure at the end of the flow path in the condenser is higher on the cooling water outlet side than on the cooling water inlet side, because there the temperature difference between steam and cooling water is smaller, i.e. less steam flows and condenses and therefore the pressure losses are smaller.
  • the difference between the pressure in the respective field of the condenser and the pressure in the suction line on the cooling water outlet side is greater than on the inlet side.
  • the non-condensable gases are therefore primarily extracted from the fields of the condenser on the cooling water outlet side, although fewer non-condensable gases are produced here due to the lower condensation output.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a steam condenser of the type described in such a way that the extraction of the non-condensable gases from the condenser cooler is improved without great technical effort.
  • the solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that the suction of the non-condensable gases from the space formed by the cover of the cooler takes place only in the vicinity of the tube sheet on the cooling water inlet side.
  • the non-condensable gases are led to the coldest point of the cooler, namely in the vicinity of the cooling water inlet, before being sucked off by flow along the cooler tubes, so that the greatest possible mixture subcooling takes place here, due to the residual condensation of the steam component Reduction of the proportion of the extracted vapor in relation to the total amount extracted and thus leads to a large proportion of non-condensable gases.
  • the total power to be installed for the extraction can be reduced as a result, and the condenser is also less sensitive to possible air ingress than the known construction.
  • the annular gaps between the inner wall of the bores provided in the support walls and the lateral surface of the tubes of the cooler which are passed through these bores can be made larger in the suction area of the cooler than in the remaining area of the cooler and the condenser. In this way, the flow of the non-condensable gases along the tubes in the region of the cooler achieved by the invention is taken into account.
  • the area of the annular gaps in the area of the cooler can increase from the support walls on the cooling water outlet side to the support walls on the cooling water inlet side. This takes into account that the volume of the non-condensable gases flowing in the direction of the tube sheet on the cooling water inlet side increases.
  • the area of the annular gaps can be increased either by increasing the size of the annular gaps or by increasing the number of enlarged annular gaps per supporting wall in the support walls facing the tube plate on the cooling water inlet side.
  • the invention further proposes to arrange an additional supporting wall for part of the cooler tubes in the region of the mouth of the suction line. This additional supporting wall prevents transverse vibrations of the pipes in the mouth area of the suction line, especially when the condenser begins to be evacuated, in which relatively large amounts of air are drawn out of the condenser through the suction line.
  • the invention proposes to arrange in the area of the mouth of the suction line a baffle that runs parallel to the cooler tubes and extends over part of the length of the cooler tubes and is attached to the cover.
  • This baffle forms a kind of baffle for the steam-gas mixture coming from this first field and also prevents excessive steam from being sucked out of the first field of the cooler despite the condensate in this area tors greatest suction.
  • a cross flow of the gases to be extracted is forced through the baffle in the extraction area of the cooler.
  • a steam condenser shown in Fig. 1 shows a tube bundle indicated by dash-dotted hatched areas, which - possibly together with other tube bundles - is arranged in a condenser housing, not shown in the drawing, and steam is applied to it from above, which comes from the exhaust pipe Steam turbine comes and is to be condensed in the condenser.
  • So-called steam passages are formed in order to achieve a homogeneous steam flow and the most uniform possible application of the steam condenser tubes forming the tube bundle, so that a cross-section of the tube bundle results, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • the tube bundle forms two bundle halves 1a and 1b which are arranged symmetrically to a vertical central axis and which are triangular in cross section and which are arranged above a further bundle section 1c.
  • 1 condensate drain plates 2 are arranged between the bundle halves 1 a and 1 b and the bundle section.
  • a cooler 3 is provided centrally between the bundle halves 1 and 1 and the bundle section 1c, from which the non-condensable gases, in particular air, are sucked out of the steam condenser.
  • the cooler area of the steam condenser is shown enlarged in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show that the cooler 3, like the tube bundle of the steam condenser formed by the bundle halves 1 and 1 and by the bundle section 1 c, is formed by tubes 4, which are fastened at their ends in tube plates 5a, 5b without gaps.
  • tube plates 5a, 5b can be seen in section in FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 3 further shows that the tubes 4 are supported along their length by a plurality of support walls 6, wherein when the tubes 4 pass through these support walls 6, due to the design, annular gaps 10 between the outer surface of the tubes 4 and the respective support wall 6 provided with holes surrender.
  • the annular gaps 10 are drawn exaggeratedly large in FIGS. 4 and 5. They normally have a width of 0.1 to 0.2 mm, the enlarged gaps approx. 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • the tubes 4 of the cooler 3 are separated from the overlying tubes of the bundle halves 1 and 1 by a cover 7 which prevents steam to be condensed and condensate dripping from the tubes of the bundle halves 1 and 1b Enter the cooler 3 from above.
  • This cover 7 is also shown in FIG. 3.
  • the steam to be condensed coming from the exhaust pipe of a turbine, is introduced into the steam condenser from above. Accordingly, coming from above, it acts on the tubes of the tube bundle divided into the bundle halves 1a and 1 and in the bundle section 1c, the tubes 4 of which are flowed through by cooling water.
  • the flow of cooling water K through the pipes 4 is indicated in FIG. 3 by the horizontal arrow.
  • the steam is deposited on the pipes 4 through which cooling water flows.
  • the condensate flows down or drips down and in this way reaches either the condensate drain plates 2 or the bottom of the condenser housing, not shown, so that it can be returned to the water-steam cycle.
  • the steam supplied to the condenser is non-condensable gases, especially air, frequently volatile alkalizing agents (e.g. ammonia), small amounts of noble gas and possibly Containing hydrogen is ensured by arranging the cooler 3 that these are sucked out of the steam condenser in order to avoid an accumulation of these non-condensable gases in the condenser and thus a deterioration in the efficiency of the condenser. Care must be taken to ensure that as little steam as possible is sucked out of the steam condenser with the suction of the non-condensable gases in order to avoid steam losses.
  • non-condensable gases especially air, frequently volatile alkalizing agents (e.g. ammonia)
  • the non-condensable gases are extracted at a central location in the steam condenser, which is protected by the cover 7 against direct exposure to steam to be condensed.
  • the proportion of steam during suction from the cooler 3 and thus the inevitable loss of steam is reduced.
  • the non-condensable gases are extracted from the space of the cooler 3 formed by the cover 7 only in the vicinity of the tube sheet 5a on the cooling water inlet side, i.e. in the area of the tube plate 5a visible on the left in FIG. 3.
  • a suction connection 8 can be seen in the immediate vicinity of this tube sheet 5a, to which a suction line 9 is connected according to FIG. 1.
  • This arrangement of the suction on the inlet side of the cooling water leads the non-condensable gases to the coldest point of the cooler 3 prior to their suction by flow along the pipes 4.
  • annular gaps 10 are between the inner wall of the holes provided in the support walls 6 and the lateral surface of the tubes 4 of the cooler 3 passed through these holes in the suction area of the Cooler 3 is larger than in the rest of the cooler.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show that the annular gap 10a formed between the tubes 4 and the support wall 6 adjacent to the suction port 8 is larger than the corresponding annular gap 10b in the support wall 6, which is adjacent to the tube sheet 5b.
  • either the size of the annular gaps 10 with the same number of annular gaps 10 per support wall 6 from the support walls 6 on the cooling water outlet side to the support walls 6 on the cooling water inlet side can be used increase or the number of enlarged annular gaps 10 per support wall 6 increases from the support walls 6 on the cooling water outlet side to the support walls 6 on the cooling water inlet side.
  • an additional supporting wall 11 can be arranged, which is shown in FIG. 3 is drawn.
  • a baffle 12 which runs parallel to the tubes 4 of the cooler 3 and which forms a type of baffle for the steam-gas mixture coming from this first field of the cooler 3.
  • the normal flow direction of the steam D and the non-condensable gases G within the cooler 3 is indicated by arrows in FIG. 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
EP19920118798 1991-12-13 1992-11-03 Condenseur à vapeur Expired - Lifetime EP0546315B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914141132 DE4141132C2 (de) 1991-12-13 1991-12-13 Dampfkondensator
DE4141132 1991-12-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546315A1 true EP0546315A1 (fr) 1993-06-16
EP0546315B1 EP0546315B1 (fr) 1995-03-29

Family

ID=6446974

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920118798 Expired - Lifetime EP0546315B1 (fr) 1991-12-13 1992-11-03 Condenseur à vapeur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0546315B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4141132C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2071406T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19604704C1 (de) * 1996-02-09 1997-03-06 Balcke Duerr Gmbh Dampfkondensator
EP0976998A1 (fr) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-02 Asea Brown Boveri AG Condenseur de vapeur
EP1014022A1 (fr) * 1998-12-24 2000-06-28 ABB Alstom Power (Schweiz) AG Condenseur à surface
CN102588018A (zh) * 2012-03-17 2012-07-18 华电电力科学研究院 基于tepee两山峰形管束的火电机组冷端优化方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE583927C (de) * 1929-12-09 1933-09-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Luftkuehler fuer Kondensatoren mit ringfoermig angeordnetem und durch Zwischenwaende unterstuetztem Rohrbuendel
US3349841A (en) * 1966-08-04 1967-10-31 Ingersoll Rand Co Air cooler for surface condensers
GB1184953A (en) * 1966-04-01 1970-03-18 Sulzer Ag Tubular Heat Exchangers

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH423819A (de) * 1965-01-15 1966-11-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Kondensationsanlage für Dampfturbinen-Abdampf
DE3861964D1 (de) * 1988-01-22 1991-04-11 Asea Brown Boveri Dampfkondensator.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE583927C (de) * 1929-12-09 1933-09-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Luftkuehler fuer Kondensatoren mit ringfoermig angeordnetem und durch Zwischenwaende unterstuetztem Rohrbuendel
GB1184953A (en) * 1966-04-01 1970-03-18 Sulzer Ag Tubular Heat Exchangers
US3349841A (en) * 1966-08-04 1967-10-31 Ingersoll Rand Co Air cooler for surface condensers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4141132C1 (fr) 1993-02-11
EP0546315B1 (fr) 1995-03-29
DE4141132C2 (de) 1995-06-29
ES2071406T3 (es) 1995-06-16

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