EP0545764B1 - Verriegelungsvorrichtung einer Hülse die pyrotechnische Materialien enthält - Google Patents

Verriegelungsvorrichtung einer Hülse die pyrotechnische Materialien enthält Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0545764B1
EP0545764B1 EP92403127A EP92403127A EP0545764B1 EP 0545764 B1 EP0545764 B1 EP 0545764B1 EP 92403127 A EP92403127 A EP 92403127A EP 92403127 A EP92403127 A EP 92403127A EP 0545764 B1 EP0545764 B1 EP 0545764B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
casing
chamber
locking means
pyrotechnic materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92403127A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0545764A1 (de
Inventor
Bruno Boissiere
Michel Bossus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0545764A1 publication Critical patent/EP0545764A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0545764B1 publication Critical patent/EP0545764B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/20—Packages or ammunition having valves for pressure-equalising; Packages or ammunition having plugs for pressure release, e.g. meltable ; Blow-out panels; Venting arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for locking an envelope containing pyrotechnic materials. It applies, for example, to reducing the vulnerability of thrusters to accidental environments.
  • the first consists of the rise in temperature of a propellant, for example, up to the temperature of self-ignition of pyrotechnic materials, of propellant generally.
  • the time between the start of the thermal attack and the pyrotechnic event therefore depends on the auto-ignition temperature of the propellant but also on the structural elements surrounding the charge such as ferrules, thermal protection or inhibitors for example.
  • the invulnerability specifications impose a minimum delay, for example 3 to 5 minutes for this self-ignition.
  • the second phase corresponds to the pyrotechnic event itself.
  • the detonation, as well as the deflagration not being admitted, failing to know how to avoid combustion, the pyrotechnic event of lower gravity is sought; this event is combustion without propulsion or projection.
  • the rise in pressure of the gases generated by the auto-ignition of the fuel, for example propellant leads to the pneumatic explosion of the casing of the propellant, therefore to a deflagration.
  • this climb pressure is indeed very difficult to avoid because the envelope thereof is designed to withstand high pressure. This pressure is generally the maximum operating pressure increased by a safety factor, it can reach several hundred bars.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by providing in particular a double locking system which depends on the internal pressure of the envelope.
  • the main advantages of the invention are that it makes it possible to distinguish normal ignition from accidental ignition, that it makes it possible to effect the confinement of the casing of the propellant only when the normal ignition is activated, thus allowing effective protection against deflagrations, especially during phases such as storage, handling or transport for example, that it is simple to implement and that it is inexpensive.
  • FIG. 1 presents a sectional view of an envelope 1 containing pyrotechnic materials 2, the opening of which is closed by a closing element 3.
  • the pyrotechnic materials 2 may be those of a propellant, constituted for example by a block of propellant, and the closure element, one end of a rocket for example.
  • Ignition means 4 integral for example with the closing element 3 are in position to ignite the pyrotechnic materials 2. This ignition is caused by the activation of the ignition means 4, this activation can for example be controlled by a electrical signal. These ignite the pyrotechnic materials 2 by giving off a hot gas, at a temperature generally of about 2000 ° C.
  • the casing 1 is held integral with the closure element 3 by at least first locking means 5, 6.
  • These means 5, 6, may for example be screws.
  • P o the locking means 5, 6 no longer ensure the maintenance of the envelope 1 on the closing element 3, by breaking for example, this which allows the envelope to be opened in the event of accidental overpressure inside it.
  • the locking device comprises second locking means 7, 8 according to the invention.
  • the envelope 1 is mainly held integral with the closure element 3 by these second locking means 7, 8.
  • they keep the envelope 1 secured to the closure element 3 only if the ignition means 4 have been activated, these second locking means 7, 8 allowing the envelope 1 to remain integral with the closure element 3 with internal pressures greater than the given pressure P o , so as to withstand the overpressures generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic materials 2.
  • These second locking means 7, 8 may for example consist of pistons integral with the element closure 3 being introduced into the notches of the casing 1 at the time of activation of the ignition means 4.
  • second locking means must have dimensions making it possible to hold the internal pressures of the casing 1, these these can reach for example several hundred bars.
  • the first locking means 5, 6 can remain active when the second means 7, 8 are active; nevertheless, their holding role is negligible vis-à-vis the second locking means 7, 8.
  • FIG. 2a details a possible embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • This device is used to close the opening of the envelope 1 on the closing element 3 and to lock this closing.
  • the closing element 3 can for example be a rocket or rocket end, the casing 1 containing pyrotechnic materials 2, for example a block of propellant whose combustion allows the propulsion of the rocket or the rocket.
  • the first locking means are for example constituted by screws, three for example, two of which 5, 6, are shown, which hold the casing 1 secured to the closure element 3. For this, the screws pass through holes made at the end of the casing 1 in contact with the closing element 3, the screws 5, 6, being screwed into tapped holes made in this closing element 3.
  • the second locking means are constituted for example by four pistons of which only one 9 is shown in section in FIG. 2a, of two closure elements 14, 15 of which only one is shown in section in FIG. 2a, springs for holding the pistons and closure elements, two of which 16, 27 are shown in section in FIG. 2a, these elements being integral with the closing element 3.
  • These second means of closure are further supplemented by a groove for receiving the pistons produced in the envelope 1.
  • the groove 13, for receiving the piston 9, is shown in FIG. 2a.
  • the closure elements 14, 15 may for example be balls.
  • Figure 2b shows a sectional view along the axis BB 'of Figure 2a, the envelope and the closure element being for example symmetrical in revolution.
  • This view shows only the position of the four pistons 9, 10, 11, 12 and the two balls 14, 15 of the device as well as the position of the axis AA ′ in the section plane of FIG. 2a, FIG. 2a itself being a sectional view along the axis AA ′ as shown in FIG. 2b and seen along the arrow F.
  • the operation of the second locking means is controlled by the ignition means generally constituted by a heating element 17, an electric igniter for example, and by a small charge 18 with a short combustion time located in a chamber 19 internal to the closing element 3 and hermetically closed by a partition 20. This partition lets the end of the heating element pass 17 outside the chamber 19 in order to connect the latter for example to an electrical connection 21.
  • an electrical activation signal is transmitted to the heating element 17 via the electrical connection 21.
  • the heating element 17 emits hot gases and ignites the small charge 18 with a short combustion time.
  • the pressure generated by its combustion causes the shearing of flanges 25 integral with the pistons 9 and pushes the pistons 9 into the receiving grooves 13, the gases passing through conduits 22 connecting the pistons 9 to the chamber 19.
  • the flanges 25 prevent the pistons to occupy the receiving grooves 13 under the action of the springs as long as the combustion of small load 18 did not take place, that is to say before the normal operation of the propellant.
  • the balls 14, 15 allow the gases to pass via conduits 23, 24 which will ignite the charge of the propellant 2, thanks to their high temperature, 2000 ° C for example.
  • the conduit 23 is connected to the chamber 19 and the conduit 24 is connected to the loading of the propellant 2, the ball 14 closing the passage between these two conduits as long as it is not displaced by the gases from the chamber 19.
  • the closed position of the ball is maintained by a spring 27.
  • the ball does not move and closes the passage.
  • the screws 5, 6 must withstand, for example, transport or carrying environments.
  • the device according to the invention of Figures 2a and 2b it comprises among other elements four pistons, two balls and three screws, but it appears that these quantities may vary depending on the applications and the size materials in particular.
  • Figures 3a and 3b show another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the difference with the previous mode is that there are no more pistons.
  • Figure 3b is a sectional view of Figure 3a along the axis DD 'and Figure 3a is a sectional view along the axis CC' of Figure 3b.
  • the ignition means 17, 18, 19 are constituted in the same way as in the embodiment of FIG. 2a.
  • the balls 14, 15 and the springs 27 for holding the latter are arranged differently.
  • the pressure generated by the combustion of the small load 18 causes a thin tube 31 situated between the envelope 1 and the part of the closing element 3 to inflate. in the envelope and containing the ignition means 17, 18, 19.
  • This ring is placed between the tube 31 and the envelope 1. These pieces are pressed against the envelope 1 in the groove 33, and thus make the separation of the envelope 1 from the closure element 3 impossible because the thin tube 31 undergoes permanent deformation.
  • the thin tube 31 having been inflated, the gases coming from the chamber 19 can lift the balls 14, 15 via a conduit 35 and go to ignite the main charge 2 via a conduit not shown.
  • the passage is closed by the latter between the conduits 35 in contact with the chamber 19 after swelling of the thin tube 31 and the unrepresented conduits connected to the main load 2 of a propellant for example.
  • the second locking means therefore consist of the balls 14, 15 their retaining springs 27, the thin tube 31, the fragmentable ring 32 and the receiving grooves 33, 34 of the fragments of the ring 32.
  • the first locking means always consist, for example, of screws 5, 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Verriegelung einer Hülle (1), die ein pyrotechnisches Material (2) sowie Zündmittel (4) enthält, wobei die Zündmittel zum Zünden des pyrotechnischen Materials (2) aktiviert werden können und mindestens eine in einer Kammer (19) enthaltene Ladung (18) aufweisen, deren Verbrennung den Druck im Inneren dieser Kammer (19) erhöht, und wobei die Hülle (1) eine durch ein Verschlußelement (3) verschlossene Öffnung besitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung mindestens ein Sperrorgan (14, 15), das durch eine Feder (27) in einer Stellung gehalten wird, in der ein Durchlaß (23, 24) für Gas zwischen der Kammer (19) und dem pyrotechnischen Material versperrt wird, sowie Verriegelungsmittel (7, 8, 16, 9, 25, 31, 32) aufweist, die sich dauerhaft unter der Wirkung eines ersten Drucks verformen, so daß die Hülle (1) fest an das Verschlußelement (3) gekoppelt wird, wobei die Verbrennung der Ladung (18) in der Kammer (19) eine solche Druckerhöhung erzeugt, daß in einer ersten Phase die Verriegelungsmittel (16, 9, 25, 31, 32) sich verformen, wenn der Druck über einen gegebenen ersten Druckwert anwächst, und daß in einer zweiten Phase das Sperrorgan (14, 15) den Durchlaß für heißes Gas zwischen der Kammer (19) und dem pyrotechnischen Material (2) freigibt, wenn der Druck in der Kammer (19) einen zweiten gegebenen Druckwert überschreitet, wobei dieser Druck auf das Sperrorgan (14, 15) eine Kraft ausübt, die größer als die Haltekraft der Feder (27) und dieser entgegengesetzt ist, so daß das heiße Gas zum pyrotechnischen Material durchgelassen wird und dieses zündet.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß außerdem weitere Verriegelungsmittel (5, 6) vorgesehen sind, die die Hülle (1) mit dem Verschlußelement (3) fest verbinden, solange ein Schwellwert (Po) des Drucks in der Hülle unterhalb des zweiten gegebenen Druckwerts nicht erreicht ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zündmittel ein Heizelement (17) aufweisen, das von einem elektrischen Signal (21) aktiviert wird, wobei diese Aktivierung des Heizelements (17) die Verbrennung der Ladung (18) in der Kammer (19) hervorruft.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sperrorgan (14, 15) eine Kugel ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verriegelungsmittel (7, 8) einen Kolben (9) enthalten, der fest mit dem Verschlußelement (3) verbunden ist und in eine Aufnahmenut (13) der Hülle (1) eingreift, wenn der Druck in der Kammer (19) den ersten gegebenen Druckwert übersteigt, worauf der Kolben durch eine Feder (16) in der Nut (13) gehalten wird.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein mit dem Kolben (9) fest verbundener Kragen (25), der den Kolben außerhalb der Nut (13) hält, abschert, wenn der Druck in der Kammer (19) den ersten gegebenen Druckwert übersteigt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verriegelungsmittel (7, 8) mindestens ein dünnes Rohr (31) und einen in Segmente zerreißbaren Ring (32) enthalten, der zwischen dem dünnen Rohr (31) und der Hülle (1) liegt, wobei die Segmente des Rings (32) in Aufnahmenuten (33) der Hülle (1) eindringen, wenn das dünne Rohr (31) sich unter der Wirkung des Drucks in der Kammer (19) aufweitet, wobei diese Aufweitung stattfindet, wenn der Druck über den ersten gegebenen Druckwert ansteigt, worauf die Segmente durch die dauerhafte Verformung des dünnen Rohrs (31) in den Nuten (33) gehalten werden.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die weiteren Verriegelungsmittel (5, 6) zumindest aus Schrauben bestehen, die sowohl in die Hülle (1) als auch in das Verschlußelement (3) eingeschraubt sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schrauben (5, 6) abgeschert werden, wenn der Druck in der Hülle (1) den Druckschwellwert (Po) überschreitet.
EP92403127A 1991-11-29 1992-11-20 Verriegelungsvorrichtung einer Hülse die pyrotechnische Materialien enthält Expired - Lifetime EP0545764B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9114818 1991-11-29
FR9114818A FR2684439B1 (fr) 1991-11-29 1991-11-29 Dispositif de verrouillage d'une enveloppe contenant des matieres pyrotechniques.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0545764A1 EP0545764A1 (de) 1993-06-09
EP0545764B1 true EP0545764B1 (de) 1995-09-13

Family

ID=9419513

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92403127A Expired - Lifetime EP0545764B1 (de) 1991-11-29 1992-11-20 Verriegelungsvorrichtung einer Hülse die pyrotechnische Materialien enthält

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5337672A (de)
EP (1) EP0545764B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69204803T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2684439B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5466537A (en) * 1993-04-12 1995-11-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Intermetallic thermal sensor
US5394803A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-03-07 Bel Electronics, Inc. Joint construction between military rocket motor and warhead and releasable by melting of fusible eutectic wedging ring for operating flexible locking fingers
US5507231A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-04-16 Thiokol Corporation Solid fuel launch vehicle destruction system and method
US5792981A (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-08-11 Thiokol Corporation Gun-launched rocket
FR2765958B1 (fr) * 1997-07-11 1999-09-24 Tda Armements Sas Systeme de chargement d'un mortier et mortier equipe d'un tel systeme
US6338242B1 (en) 2000-07-26 2002-01-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Vented MK 66 rocket motor tube with a thermoplastic warhead adapter
US6619029B2 (en) 2001-11-01 2003-09-16 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Rocket motors with insensitive munitions systems
FR2873199B1 (fr) * 2004-07-16 2006-09-22 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de deconfinement d'un boitier renfermant au moins un element pyrotechnique
FR2922638B1 (fr) * 2007-10-23 2013-07-05 Tda Armements Sas Chargement energetique a deconfinement controle et munition equipee d'un tel chargement
FR2968392B1 (fr) * 2010-12-03 2013-06-28 Tda Armements Sas Dispositif de durcissement d'une liaison mecanique de propulseur pour munition de mortier et munition comportant une telle liaison
US10113846B2 (en) 2016-07-07 2018-10-30 General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems-Canada, Inc. Systems and methods for reducing munition sensitivity

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB721541A (en) * 1951-08-31 1955-01-05 British Messier Ltd Improvements in or relating to safety devices for apparatus containing substances capable of generating pressure by the combustion thereof
FR1088607A (fr) * 1953-08-24 1955-03-09 Soc Tech De Rech Ind Perfectionnement aux fusées pour projectiles
DE3373938D1 (en) * 1982-03-04 1987-11-05 Royal Ordnance Plc Improvements in or relating to safety devices for carrier shells
DE3409714A1 (de) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-19 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Trenneinrichtung mit einem expansionsraum fuer eine pyrotechnische ladung
US4597261A (en) * 1984-05-25 1986-07-01 Hughes Aircraft Company Thermally actuated rocket motor safety system
FR2652644A2 (en) * 1988-03-18 1991-04-05 Pont Sur Sambre Ateliers Meca Device for unconfining a military charge containing an explosive
US4991513A (en) * 1990-03-12 1991-02-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Carrier projectile with safety vents
US5155298A (en) * 1991-09-30 1992-10-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Thermally activated case venting safety apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69204803T2 (de) 1996-02-22
US5337672A (en) 1994-08-16
EP0545764A1 (de) 1993-06-09
FR2684439B1 (fr) 1995-03-31
DE69204803D1 (de) 1995-10-19
FR2684439A1 (fr) 1993-06-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0545764B1 (de) Verriegelungsvorrichtung einer Hülse die pyrotechnische Materialien enthält
EP0389358B1 (de) Leitwerkausspreizungssystem für ein Geschoss
EP0901946B1 (de) Anpassungsfähiger, pyrotechnischer Gasgenerator für ein Luftkissen, mit Neutralisierungseinrichtung
EP2275774B1 (de) Munition mit Mitteln zur Neutralisierung seiner Sprengladung
EP0554149A1 (de) Zünderkopf
FR2811053A1 (fr) Dispositif de minimisation des effets deflagrants d'une enceinte metallique en cas de surpression interne accidentelle
EP3163249B1 (de) Zündungseinheit für triebwerk
EP1205727B1 (de) Pyrotechnischer Verzögerungszünder
EP2029956A1 (de) Sicherheitsanzünder für feuerwerkskörper
FR2551198A1 (fr) Dispositif de neutralisation des allumeurs de mine
EP1597534A1 (de) Geschosszünder
EP1530020B1 (de) Zündvorrichtung für mindestens zwei pyrotechnische Zusammensetzungen oder antreibende Ladungen eines Projektiles
EP1170569A2 (de) Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Verhaltens eines Metallbehälters, der selbstentzündliches Material beinhaltet, für den Fall eines äusseren Brandes
EP0559520B1 (de) Barometrisches Sicherheitsventil und einer eine ähnliche pyrotechnische Vorrichtung enthaltender Gegenstand
FR2831955A1 (fr) Engin explosif a plusieurs elements unitaires
FR2500620A1 (fr) Bouchon allumeur pour grenade a fonctionnement fusant ou fusant-percutant
FR2691799A1 (fr) Munition en particulier sous-munition destinée à être éjectée d'un projectile porteur.
FR3090086A1 (fr) Dispositif de deconfinement d’un chargement explosif et munition equipee d’un tel dispositif
FR2760117A1 (fr) Appareil de surveillance et protection
EP2244050B1 (de) Zündvorrichtung für Sprengladung
EP2769168A1 (de) Gasgenerator mit einer sicherheitsvorrichtung für langsame aufwärmung
EP2554529A1 (de) Sicherheitszünder
EP1589316A1 (de) Irreversible Temperaturfühler mit Schnappwirkung und Verwendung eines solchen Fühlers zum Entsichern eines Munitionskörpers
EP0546940A1 (de) Zündbaren Verschluss für Granaten mit einem Verzögerungsmechanismus
FR2540240A1 (fr) Dispositif de securite pyrotechnique pour projectile

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930821

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19950223

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69204803

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19951019

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19951116

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19981013

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19981016

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19991014

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19991015

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991130

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001120

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 20001129

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20001120

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 92403127.1

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051120

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20081112

Year of fee payment: 17

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20100730

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091130