EP0546940A1 - Zündbaren Verschluss für Granaten mit einem Verzögerungsmechanismus - Google Patents

Zündbaren Verschluss für Granaten mit einem Verzögerungsmechanismus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546940A1
EP0546940A1 EP92403347A EP92403347A EP0546940A1 EP 0546940 A1 EP0546940 A1 EP 0546940A1 EP 92403347 A EP92403347 A EP 92403347A EP 92403347 A EP92403347 A EP 92403347A EP 0546940 A1 EP0546940 A1 EP 0546940A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bellows
striker
delay
cap according
spoon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92403347A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre-Henri Sassier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TITANITE SA
Original Assignee
TITANITE SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TITANITE SA filed Critical TITANITE SA
Publication of EP0546940A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546940A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/02—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means
    • F42C9/06—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grenade igniter plug.
  • the anti-personal munitions used today and commonly called “grenades” consist of an envelope containing a pyrotechnic composition which is initiated by another pyrotechnic system called “igniter plug”.
  • the igniter plugs generally used today consist of a pyrotechnic transmission chain formed by a percussion system of a primer containing the so-called “primary” explosive and a pyrotechnic transmission and detonation relay system generally provided a transmission delay but which generally contains only so-called “secondary” pyrotechnic components.
  • the igniter plugs used today have almost all pyrotechnic delay systems and some of them do not initiate the grenade if there is an untimely start of the primer, but generally these systems are not considered as sufficiently reliable that the igniter plug is permanently mounted on the grenade during a long period of storage.
  • Document CH-A-193 110 discloses a grenade comprising a delay mechanism between the moment of releasing the spoon and the moment of the percussion of the primary explosive by the striker, this mechanism comprising a flow device fluid regulated through an orifice.
  • this delay mechanism uses the percussion spring and its stored energy to overcome resistance to the flow of a liquid contained in a cylinder through a conduit.
  • This system has various drawbacks. On the one hand, by using the percussion spring as an element of motive energy, it does not make it possible to design multiple safeties independent of each other.
  • the delay is defined by the force of said spring and the flow of fluid out of the cylinder: but the latter constitutes an insecure reference, whose evolution over time is uncertain: what becomes of the liquid after eight years of storage, which constitutes the normal warranty period?
  • the delay originally planned may not be respected in practical use.
  • temperature variations often modify the viscosity of liquids very much and still risk making the real delay uncertain.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an igniter plug free from these drawbacks.
  • the delay mechanism flow device comprises an elastically expandable metal bellows closed in communication with the atmosphere through a capillary tube, the bellows being in a compressed state when the spoon is in place and being allowed to relax when the spoon is released, the expansion of the bellows in connection with the passage of air in the bellows through the capillary tube defining the delay.
  • the reference defining the delay is atmospheric air, stable reference or at foreseeable variations (pressure, temperatures), which makes it possible to ensure with great security the delay of the mechanism.
  • the bellows contains within it a compression spring.
  • the plug has a storage safety by misalignment of the primary explosive of the pyrotechnic chain, and installation of a screen between the primary explosive and the pyrotechnic transmission chain, controlled by a bellows device.
  • the plug also has a storage security by delaying the triggering of the striker, also controlled by a bellows device.
  • the invention finds its full advantage by providing two separate bellows devices, which not only multiplies the security as much total of the system, but above all makes it possible to create different delays for the two safeties: one can in particular predict that the delay generated by the second security will be greater than that caused by the first security.
  • a device for blocking the first safety device is provided in the event of inadvertent triggering of the striker before the alignment of the primary explosive in the pyrotechnic chain.
  • the blocking safety device (s) essentially comprise an immobilizing, sliding, locked part. in translation during storage by a lock held by the spoon.
  • the striker subjected to the effect of a compressed spring, is stopped in translation by two balls trapped between the striker and the securing part of the second safety device.
  • the invention therefore provides an igniter plug provided with a multiple safety system making it possible to have an interruption and a misalignment of the so-called "primary" components of the pyrotechnic chain during the storage periods when the grenade is fitted with its igniter plug, allowing during its use to have a mechanical delay in setting up the pyrotechnic chain after releasing the spoon, and to have a second mechanical delay to trigger the percussion of the primer; in the event of a malfunction, if the percussion delay is shorter than the delay in setting up the pyrotechnic chain, the striker comes to stop the movement in setting up the pyrotechnic chain and the igniter plug is in this case neutralized.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of the igniter plug according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 represents an external profile view of the plug of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows the striker stopper
  • Figure 4 shows the primer holder part.
  • FIG. 5 represents the plug of the invention during its operation, the spoon having been released and ejected, and the primer being in the alignment position of the pyrotechnic chain.
  • Figure 6 shows the plug of the invention at the time of percussion.
  • Figure 7 shows a section of a simplified embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 represents an external profile view of the plug of FIG. 7.
  • the invention relates to an igniter plug intended to be mounted on a grenade 23 according to FIG. 1. All of the components and mechanisms are inside the body 20 of the igniter plug, this body 20 being closed by a cover 5 fixed by bonding or any other mechanical means.
  • the case 22 of the pyrotechnic transmission chain is itself fixed by gluing or any other mechanical means or welding to the body 20.
  • the case 22 of the pyrotechnic transmission chain contains a pyrotechnic transmission composition 21 and a detonation relay 32.
  • the spoon 9 is held in place by hooking on two lugs 8 and by the positioning in the orifice 12 of a pin (not shown) which passes through the body 20 and the folded edges of the spoon 9.
  • the bellows devices 28 and 29 are formed by metal bellows, generally hydroformed but which can also be welded bellows. These bellows are closed at each end, and contain a volume of trapped air which communicates with the outside of the bellows only through a calibrated capillary tube 3.
  • a spring 4 can also be placed inside each of the bellows 28 and 29 to increase their stiffness.
  • the trapped air volumes 1 and 2 are filled very slowly when the bellows 28 and 29 undergo an extension under the action of their own stiffness possibly combined with the action of the spring 4. This filling is all the slower the greater the resistance to flow of the capillary tube 3.
  • the bellows devices 28 and 29 are supported on the surface 27 of the cover 5.
  • the primer holder part 15 shown in detail (face and profile) in FIG. 4 has a primer housing 18 and an orifice 17 allowing the tip 30 of the striker 6 to pass when the pyrotechnic chain is aligned. It also has a groove 16 which serves as a housing for the tip 30 of the striker 6 and causes the stop in translation of the primer holder part 15 when there is a malfunction by abutment against the end of the groove.
  • the primer 13 is placed in the housing 18 and is held there either by gluing, or by crimping or by any other means allowing mechanical maintenance.
  • the primer holder part 15 has a terminal shoulder ensuring the mechanical connection with the holding latch 11.
  • the primer holder part 15 is positioned in a slide of the body 20 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the striker immobilization part 14 shown in FIG. 3 (face, profile and detail in section) has a housing 31 for holding the two locking balls 24 in the form of a groove, and two housings 19 allowing the locking balls 24 to retract during percussion.
  • the part 14 for immobilizing the striker is positioned in a slide of the body 20 as indicated in FIG. 1.
  • the part 14 for immobilizing the striker has a shoulder ensuring the mechanical connection with the retaining lock 11.
  • the striker 6 is pushed by the compressed spring 7 and during the storage period, it is held in position by the two locking balls 24 which fit on one side into two recesses in a spherical cap of the diametrically opposed striker 6; the balls fitting on the other side into the grooved housing 31 of the part 14 for immobilizing the striker.
  • the lock 11 for holding the igniter plug in the storage position is held in place by the spoon 9 and is pushed towards the spoon 9 by the compressed spring 10 which itself is supported on a force recovery washer 26.
  • the sealing is ensured by a seal 25 mounted on the latch 11.
  • the manipulator During the operation of the igniter plug mounted on a grenade 23, the manipulator holds the grenade 23 in full hand and holds the spoon 9 against the shell of the grenade 23, the manipulator removes the pin placed in the orifice 12 which passes through the body 20 and the folded edges of the spoon 9 and throws the grenade 23.
  • the spoon 9 At the time of launching, the spoon 9 is no longer held by the pin and is pushed by the latch 11 under the action of the spring 10; the spoon 9 then pivots around the lugs 8, and is ejected from the igniter plug at the same time as the latch 11 and the spring 10.
  • the primer holder 15 and the part 14 for immobilizing the striker are then pushed in translation by the bellows devices 29 and 28 previously compressed and are positioned in the axis of the striker 6.
  • the primer holder 15 is put in place faster than the part 14 for immobilizing the striker and is positioned in the axis of the striker 6 before it is triggered. This shift in the time or delay is obtained by adjusting the capillary tubes 3 and the initial compression values of the bellows devices 29 and 28. Then, the part 14 for immobilizing the striker is positioned until the orifices 19 for exhausting the the balls are opposite the balls 24. The balls 24 then escape through the orifices 19 and thus release the striker 6 which is pushed by the action of the compressed spring 7 and which will strike the primer 13.
  • FIG. 5 represents the primer holder part 15 in an aligned position while the part 14 for immobilizing the striker is in motion and
  • FIG. 6 represents the state of the igniter plug at the time of percussion.
  • the primer 13 Upon percussion, the primer 13 initiates the pyrotechnic transmission composition 21 which itself initiates the detonation relay 32 which itself initiates the explosion of the grenade 23.
  • the alignment of the primer 13 in the axis of the striker 6 is done two seconds after the moment of the grenade launch and the percussion five seconds after the grenade launch but the invention makes it possible to obtain intervals of shorter times than these, or possibly longer depending on user needs.
  • the tip 30 of the striker 6 is placed in the housing 16 of the primer holder 15 and prevents the latter from being positioned under the action of the spring 7 and the shoulder at the end of the groove 16. In this case, the grenade 23 does not explode after it has been thrown and does not risk injuring the launcher.
  • the two systems for positioning the pyrotechnic chain and triggering of the striker are simultaneously broken down and that in this case of breakdown, the installation of the pyrotechnic chain is faster than the triggering of the striker; the two systems being independent, the invention offers maximum security for the launcher.
  • the invention may also in this case have an air vent placed on the body 20 of the igniter plug and which operates when the interior of the body 20 of the igniter plug is in abnormal overpressure.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 A simplified form of the invention is presented in Figures 7 and 8.
  • this simplified form there is only one bellows assembly 33 which sets up the alignment of the primer simultaneously and at the same speed with the pyrotechnic chain and the retraction of the two balls 24 triggering the percussion.
  • the storage security is retained but the security of tripping during operating faults resulting in untimely percussion is no longer ensured.
  • This simplified form can be used with non-annoying grenades such as smoke grenades, but whose storage security must be imperatively preserved when the igniter plug is permanently mounted on the grenade.
  • the simplified form of the invention can be improved by modifying the pyrotechnic composition of transmission 21 so that it causes a delay in the transmission between the moment of ignition of the primary explosive 13 and the moment of ignition detonation relay 32.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
EP92403347A 1991-12-09 1992-12-09 Zündbaren Verschluss für Granaten mit einem Verzögerungsmechanismus Withdrawn EP0546940A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9115214A FR2684755B1 (fr) 1991-12-09 1991-12-09 Bouchon allumeur pour grenades a securites de fonctionnement et de stockage.
FR9115214 1991-12-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546940A1 true EP0546940A1 (de) 1993-06-16

Family

ID=9419808

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92403347A Withdrawn EP0546940A1 (de) 1991-12-09 1992-12-09 Zündbaren Verschluss für Granaten mit einem Verzögerungsmechanismus

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0546940A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2684755B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105783614A (zh) * 2016-04-12 2016-07-20 林伟明 一种机械计时式投掷弹

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH193110A (fr) * 1936-11-04 1937-09-30 Meynet Charles Dispositif de mise à feu pour appareils explosifs.
FR1162138A (fr) * 1955-12-08 1958-09-09 Perfectionnement aux sécurités de bouche et de stockage des fusées et munitions
GB1260109A (en) * 1970-06-15 1972-01-12 Diehl Karl Pyrotechnical fuze

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH193110A (fr) * 1936-11-04 1937-09-30 Meynet Charles Dispositif de mise à feu pour appareils explosifs.
FR1162138A (fr) * 1955-12-08 1958-09-09 Perfectionnement aux sécurités de bouche et de stockage des fusées et munitions
GB1260109A (en) * 1970-06-15 1972-01-12 Diehl Karl Pyrotechnical fuze

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105783614A (zh) * 2016-04-12 2016-07-20 林伟明 一种机械计时式投掷弹
CN105783614B (zh) * 2016-04-12 2017-11-14 林伟明 一种机械计时式投掷弹

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2684755A1 (fr) 1993-06-11
FR2684755B1 (fr) 1995-05-24

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