EP0545069B1 - Procédé de traitement d'aciers et de métaux réfractaires - Google Patents
Procédé de traitement d'aciers et de métaux réfractaires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0545069B1 EP0545069B1 EP92118403A EP92118403A EP0545069B1 EP 0545069 B1 EP0545069 B1 EP 0545069B1 EP 92118403 A EP92118403 A EP 92118403A EP 92118403 A EP92118403 A EP 92118403A EP 0545069 B1 EP0545069 B1 EP 0545069B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- oxidation
- pressure
- thermochemical
- steels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001149 41xx steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 carburizing Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for treating components made of steels and metals in a process chamber under the action of pressure and temperature with a first process step in which a thermochemical surface treatment, for example case hardening, is carried out, for which purpose a gas or gas mixture is let into this process chamber .
- a thermochemical surface treatment for example case hardening
- thermochemical surface treatment e.g. nitriding, nitro-carburizing or boriding
- refractory metals e.g. Ti, Zr, Mo, W. Nb, Ta, V
- Passive layers on the materials lead to the following difficulties:
- the passive layers mostly consist of oxides and form a thin protective skin, which disadvantageously prevents the undisturbed diffusion of non-metals such as N, C, and B during surface treatment. This completely prevents diffusion, for example in the case of refractory metals, and in some cases in the case of high-alloy steels, which leads to uneven treatment results.
- pre-oxidation is carried out in order to achieve a uniform treatment result. This means that contaminations on the surfaces are oxidized and the already existing oxide layer is influenced. In some cases, this can influence the uniformity of the layer formation.
- the layers produced are very thin and contain ever larger amounts of oxygen.
- thermochemical surface treatment of metals e.g. carburizing, tempering, annealing, carbonitriding, nitrocarburizing
- edge oxidation This edge oxidation reduces the fatigue strength, so that the life of edge-oxidized components is reduced.
- the object of the present invention is now to develop a method which removes the edge oxidation of heat-treated parts and replaces the mechanical processing.
- thermochemical removal of the edge oxidation generated as a result of the first process step on the components in a second process step N2 H2 or NH3 or a mixture of these gases in the process chamber and a pressure greater than 1 bar and a temperature between 100 ° C and 1,000 ° C are set independently.
- the oxides are reduced by reacting with the gas phase and releasing their oxygen atoms or forming nitrides.
- parts heat-treated in this way can be almost completely deoxidized.
- Such a heat treatment can be carried out for higher-alloy steels as a replacement for the tempering treatment which is to be carried out anyway, tempering and deoxidizing are then carried out in one step.
- thermochemical treatments with oxidizing gas components and to achieve higher fatigue strength properties on the components through the subsequent deoxidation.
- the use of expensive and complicated mechanical post-treatments can be dispensed with.
- the invention allows for a wide variety of designs; one of them is shown as an example in the two attached sketches.
- the steel After the steel has been introduced into a treatment chamber 1, it is heated to 580 ° C and at a pressure of e.g. 10 bar H2 and / or NH3 is let in. In this process step, the steel used is de-passivated and at the same time provided with a thin nitride layer as protection against further oxidation.
- the steel which is protected against oxidation, is then brought into a second treatment chamber 2.
- a material-specific nitriding temperature of 550 ° C is set and a gas mixture of NH3, H2 is let in at a pressure of 1 bar.
- a nitrided X 20 CrMo V 12 1 steel is obtained as the end product.
- carbon-containing gases such as CO2 or CO can be used for coal at temperatures between 800 ° C and 1,000 ° C.
- thermochemical treatment process for example nitriding can be carried out in a conventional nitriding plant under atmospheric pressure. This eliminates the need to use a pressure chamber, which must be designed for 30 bar, for example.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Claims (6)
- Procédé pour le traitement d'éléments de construction constitués d'aciers et de métaux dans une chambre de procédé sous l'action de la pression et de la température présentant une première étape de procédé, dans laquelle on réalise un traitement de surface thermochimique, par exemple la cémentation, un gaz ou un mélange gazeux étant introduit dans une chambre de procédé, caractérisé en ce qu'on laisse entrer dans la chambre de procédé dans une deuxième étape de procédé N₂, H₂ ou NH₃ ou un mélange de ces gaz pour une élimination thermochimique de l'oxydation marginale des éléments de construction et qu'on ajuste une pression supérieure à 1 bar et une température comprise entre 100°C et 1 000°C indépendamment l'une de l'autre.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite des éléments de construction constitués d'aciers non alliés ou faiblement alliés.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite des éléments de construction constitués d'aciers hautement alliés.
- Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise simultanément avec l'élimination thermochimique de l'oxydation marginale un procédé de traitement thermique, par exemple la recuisson des aciers.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pression du procédé pendant le procédé pour l'élimination thermochimique de l'oxydation marginale est de 20 bars.
- Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la température du procédé est plus petite ou égale à la température de recuisson de l'acier à traiter.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4139975A DE4139975C2 (de) | 1991-12-04 | 1991-12-04 | Verfahren zur Behandlung von legierten Stählen und Refraktärmetallen und Anwendung des Verfahrens |
DE4139975 | 1991-12-04 | ||
DE4208848 | 1992-03-19 | ||
DE4208848A DE4208848C2 (de) | 1991-12-04 | 1992-03-19 | Verfahren zur thermochemischen Nachbehandlung von Stählen und Metallen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0545069A1 EP0545069A1 (fr) | 1993-06-09 |
EP0545069B1 true EP0545069B1 (fr) | 1995-12-06 |
Family
ID=25909771
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92118403A Expired - Lifetime EP0545069B1 (fr) | 1991-12-04 | 1992-10-27 | Procédé de traitement d'aciers et de métaux réfractaires |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0545069B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH0665631A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE131216T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4208848C2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2080416T3 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7550049B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2009-06-23 | Seco/Warwick S.A. | Method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0707661B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-22 | 2000-03-15 | Innovatique S.A. | Procede pour la nitruration a basse pression d'une piece metallique et four pour la mise en uvre dudit procede |
FR2719057B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-08-23 | Innovatique Sa | Procédé pour la nitruration à bsase pression d'une pièce métallique et four pour la mise en Óoeuvre dudit procédé. |
DE10147205C1 (de) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-05-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken aus temperaturbeständigen Stählen |
DE102009002985A1 (de) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Carbonitrierung |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0544987A1 (fr) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-06-09 | Leybold Durferrit GmbH | Procédé de traitement d'acier alliés et de métaux réfractaires |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE738244C (de) * | 1939-02-02 | 1943-08-07 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Nitrieren von Staehlen |
US2851387A (en) * | 1957-05-08 | 1958-09-09 | Chapman Valve Mfg Co | Method of depassifying high chromium steels prior to nitriding |
DE1933439A1 (de) * | 1968-07-01 | 1970-01-15 | Gen Electric | Nitrierverfahren |
GB1495703A (en) * | 1973-12-12 | 1977-12-21 | Gkn Group Services Ltd | Nitriding of ferrous metals |
DE2510460A1 (de) * | 1975-03-11 | 1976-09-23 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | Verfahren zur waermebehandlung von werkstuecken aus stahl ohne die bildung von randoxyden der legierungselemente |
PL192437A1 (pl) * | 1976-09-16 | 1978-03-28 | Inst Mech Precyz | Sposob obrobki cieplno-chemicznej metali |
CH650532A5 (de) * | 1982-09-07 | 1985-07-31 | Ver Drahtwerke Ag | Verfahren zur bildung einer haerteschicht im bauteil aus elementen der vierten, fuenften oder sechsten nebengruppen des periodischen systems oder deren legierungen. |
GB8608717D0 (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1986-05-14 | Lucas Ind Plc | Metal components |
JP2732403B2 (ja) * | 1988-10-27 | 1998-03-30 | 財団法人応用科学研究所 | 難窒化金属材料のアンモニアガス窒化処理方法 |
DE69009603T2 (de) * | 1989-07-10 | 1995-01-12 | Daido Oxygen | Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken und zur Nitrierhärtung von Stahl. |
-
1992
- 1992-03-19 DE DE4208848A patent/DE4208848C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-27 EP EP92118403A patent/EP0545069B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-27 ES ES92118403T patent/ES2080416T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-27 DE DE59204598T patent/DE59204598D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-27 AT AT92118403T patent/ATE131216T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-03 JP JP4324161A patent/JPH0665631A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0544987A1 (fr) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-06-09 | Leybold Durferrit GmbH | Procédé de traitement d'acier alliés et de métaux réfractaires |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7550049B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2009-06-23 | Seco/Warwick S.A. | Method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4208848A1 (de) | 1993-09-23 |
EP0545069A1 (fr) | 1993-06-09 |
ES2080416T3 (es) | 1996-02-01 |
JPH0665631A (ja) | 1994-03-08 |
DE4208848C2 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
DE59204598D1 (de) | 1996-01-18 |
ATE131216T1 (de) | 1995-12-15 |
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