EP0543428A1 - Elektrolysevorrichtung mit Schutzelektroden - Google Patents

Elektrolysevorrichtung mit Schutzelektroden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0543428A1
EP0543428A1 EP92203016A EP92203016A EP0543428A1 EP 0543428 A1 EP0543428 A1 EP 0543428A1 EP 92203016 A EP92203016 A EP 92203016A EP 92203016 A EP92203016 A EP 92203016A EP 0543428 A1 EP0543428 A1 EP 0543428A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
protective
electrolyte
cell
electrolysis device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92203016A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Morgenstern
Peter Dr. Kohl
Peter Andres
Karl Lohrberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Publication of EP0543428A1 publication Critical patent/EP0543428A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/06—Detection or inhibition of short circuits in the cell
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells

Definitions

  • Such an electrolysis device is known, for example, from German patent 24 07 312 and the corresponding US patent 3 972 796. Corrosion problems make it necessary to design the metal pipes of the supply lines and discharge lines as well as the distribution and collecting lines for the electrolyte and also the cell structure from resistant metals such as titanium, zircon or tantalum. In addition, protective electrodes are installed in the known device, which are electrically conductively connected to the metal of the nearest pipeline.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the effectiveness of the protective electrodes for preventing corrosion and to ensure the dissipation of the electrical charges away from the piping system.
  • the current flowing from each protective electrode to the metal rail can easily be measured with sufficient accuracy. This means that the functionality of each protective electrode can be checked at any time.
  • the metal rail insulated against earth e.g. made of copper, absorbs the positive and negative electrical charges coming from several protective electrodes, their electrical potential not or not significantly deviating from zero. It is possible to use one or more metal rails.
  • Protective electrodes near the cell are preferably connected in an electrically conductive manner to the current supply belonging to the respective cell.
  • the power supply serves as a metal rail.
  • Protective electrodes close to the cell protect the electrolyte inlet or outlet of a cell against corrosion.
  • the connection to the current supply can either be made on the anode side or preferably on the cathode side.
  • Protective electrodes remote from the cell are preferably connected in an electrically conductive manner to one or more metal rails, each metal rail not only being insulated from earth, but also not electrically connected to any metal parts of the cells.
  • the electrolysis device shown schematically in FIG. 1 has numerous electrolysis cells (1), (2), (3) and (4), which are connected in series between the positive pole (6) and the negative pole (7) of an electrical DC voltage source, not shown . This is achieved by means of a current guide (5) which connects adjacent cells to one another and via which the cell (1) is connected to the positive pole (6) and the cell (4) to the negative pole (7).
  • the electrolytic solution flows through the electrolytic cells in parallel, the solution comes from a storage tank (8), flows through distribution lines (9a) and (9b), enters through a feed line (11), (21), (31) or (41) the respective cell, leaves the cell through an electrolyte drain (12), (22), (32) or (42) and flows back through a collecting line (10a) or (10b) to the storage tank (8).
  • circulation pumps and the feeding of fresh electrolyte and the partial removal of used electrolyte solution have been omitted.
  • the number of cells depends on the quantity of product aimed for by the electrolysis device; cell numbers between 20 and 60 are currently common.
  • the voltage between the cathode and anode of a cell is usually in the range from 2.5 to 3.5 volts during operation.
  • a first metal rail (15) and a second metal rail (16) are shown, which consist of electrically highly conductive material, such as copper. Each of these two metal rails is electrically isolated from earth. Electrical lines (17), which each belong to a protective electrode, are connected to the metal rails. The electrical lines (17) preferably connect protective electrodes remote from the cell. Protective electrodes close to the cell are electrically connected by lines (14) with the current routing (5) belonging to the respective cell. coupled. Details of the protective electrodes are explained below with the aid of FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6.
  • Fig. 2 shows a single electrolytic cell (2) with its surroundings in longitudinal section in an enlarged view.
  • a cross section along the line A-A is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the electrolysis cell (2) is supplied with electrolyte solution through the distributor line (9a) and the feed line (21), the used electrolyte solution flows through the discharge line (22) and the manifold (10a). Since the electrolyte tank (8) and the lines (9a), (9b), (10a) and (10b) are usually kept electrically at the potential of zero volts, based on the voltage of the positive pole (6) and the negative pole (7) electrical insulation in the supply line (21) and the discharge line (22) is necessary.
  • an insulating pipe section (21a) and (22a) is provided, which e.g. is made of glass.
  • the remaining line and cell parts are made of metal and usually titanium. Seals and tensioning elements between the flanges of the pipes have been omitted in FIG. 2.
  • Protective electrodes (18) and (18a) are located at locations particularly at risk of corrosion.
  • the protective electrode (18a) has a place close to the cell and the protective electrodes (18) are in an arrangement remote from the cell.
  • the protective electrodes (18) remote from the cell are connected by the electrical lines (17) to one of the two metal rails (15) or (16).
  • the current flows through a built-in ammeter (25), which enables constant, simple monitoring of the functionality of the protective electrode.
  • a built-in ammeter is not absolutely necessary, since the current in lines (14) and (17) can only be measured temporarily, eg inductively. Such a current measurement is used to check the functionality of the protective electrode belonging to the respective line.
  • the parallel plates of the anodes (23) and the cathodes (24) shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2 are shown in their alternating sequence in FIG. 3.
  • the anodes (23) are connected to a cover-like housing part (27) which is in contact with the current lead (5).
  • the cathode plates (24) start from a base plate (28), the cover (27) and the base plate (28) with interposed insulating seals (29), e.g. made of polytetrafluoroethylene, braced against each other in a manner not shown.
  • insulating seals e.g. made of polytetrafluoroethylene
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of how a protective electrode (18) is arranged in the transition region between a metal tube (10a) and a glass tube (22a).
  • Fig. 5 shows the top view of this protective electrode (18). This protective electrode can be arranged close to or away from the cell.
  • the protective electrode essentially consists of an inner tube piece which is connected to a retaining ring (36) by means of webs (35).
  • a connecting tongue (37) extends from the retaining ring (36) and is connected to the electrical line (14) or (17) (not shown) (see FIG. 2).
  • FIG. 4 it can be seen how the retaining ring (36) sits between electrically insulating sealing rings (38) and (39).
  • the protective electrode (18) can consist of several concentric pipe sections, but sufficient permeability for the electrolyte solution must be ensured.
  • the protective electrode (18) and also the webs (35) preferably exist. and the retaining ring (36) made of corrosion-resistant metal, such as titanium.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further possibility of arranging a protective electrode (18a) which is well suited for protective electrodes close to the cell, but protective electrodes remote from the cell can also be arranged in this way.
  • the central tube section of the protective electrode (18a) is connected in an electrically conductive manner by the conductor (40) to the flange end (10b) of the metal tube (10a) to be protected against corrosion.
  • the electrical line (14) extends from the flange end (10b) and leads via the ammeter (25) to the current supply, not shown. Since the metal tube (10a), preferably made of titanium, conducts the electrical current much less well than the line (14), the major part of the current coming from the protective electrode (18a) flows through the line (14) and can thus be of sufficient accuracy be measured.
  • FIG. 6 it can also be seen that a vertical distance (X) measured along the axis (I-I) remains between the end plane (41) shown in broken lines and the tube section of the protective electrode (18a).
  • This distance (X) is preferably at least 2 mm and is usually in the range from 3 to 8 mm. It has been shown that such a distance (X) of the protective electrode (18a) from the flange end of the metal tube (10a) brings about improved corrosion protection.
  • the explanations of details belonging to FIGS. 4 and 5 also apply to FIG. 6.
  • the electrolysis device according to the invention is suitable for various electrolysis tasks.
  • the preparation of alkali chlorate from an alkali chloride solution may be mentioned here only as an example.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
EP92203016A 1991-11-09 1992-10-01 Elektrolysevorrichtung mit Schutzelektroden Withdrawn EP0543428A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4136917 1991-11-09
DE4136917A DE4136917C1 (en, 2012) 1991-11-09 1991-11-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0543428A1 true EP0543428A1 (de) 1993-05-26

Family

ID=6444442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92203016A Withdrawn EP0543428A1 (de) 1991-11-09 1992-10-01 Elektrolysevorrichtung mit Schutzelektroden

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0543428A1 (en, 2012)
BR (1) BR9204166A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE4136917C1 (en, 2012)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018206396A1 (de) * 2018-04-25 2019-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrolysesystem für die CO2-Elektrolyse
EP4074863A1 (de) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-19 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Elektrolyseeinrichtung
EP4074862A1 (de) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-19 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Elektrolyseeinrichtung
EP4124676A1 (de) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-01 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Elektrolyseanlage mit einer mehrzahl von elektrolysezellen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2407312A1 (de) * 1974-02-15 1975-08-21 Entwicklung Und Verwertun Elek Elektrolyseanlage fuer korrosive elektrolyten
FR2334765A1 (fr) * 1975-12-09 1977-07-08 Alsthom Cgee Electrolyseur haute tension a faibles pertes
US4045324A (en) * 1976-08-11 1977-08-30 Ppg Industries, Inc. Cell liquor emission control

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4197169A (en) * 1978-09-05 1980-04-08 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Shunt current elimination and device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2407312A1 (de) * 1974-02-15 1975-08-21 Entwicklung Und Verwertun Elek Elektrolyseanlage fuer korrosive elektrolyten
FR2334765A1 (fr) * 1975-12-09 1977-07-08 Alsthom Cgee Electrolyseur haute tension a faibles pertes
US4045324A (en) * 1976-08-11 1977-08-30 Ppg Industries, Inc. Cell liquor emission control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4136917C1 (en, 2012) 1993-02-04
BR9204166A (pt) 1993-05-11

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