EP0539905B1 - Elektrisches Kabel - Google Patents

Elektrisches Kabel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0539905B1
EP0539905B1 EP19920118276 EP92118276A EP0539905B1 EP 0539905 B1 EP0539905 B1 EP 0539905B1 EP 19920118276 EP19920118276 EP 19920118276 EP 92118276 A EP92118276 A EP 92118276A EP 0539905 B1 EP0539905 B1 EP 0539905B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
cable according
cable
thermoplastic
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920118276
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0539905A1 (de
Inventor
Madeleine Prigent
Alain Pons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans France SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel Cable SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Cable SA filed Critical Alcatel Cable SA
Publication of EP0539905A1 publication Critical patent/EP0539905A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0539905B1 publication Critical patent/EP0539905B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • H01B9/027—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients composed of semi-conducting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/28—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances natural or synthetic rubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric cable intended to be used more particularly under high voltages (typically greater than 60 kV) in direct current.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to produce an electric cable in which the material constituting the insulating envelope makes it possible to reduce the phenomenon of accumulation of space charges in the presence of a high DC voltage.
  • the thermoplastic rubber can be of olefinic type.
  • the thermoplastic phase can be chosen from polyethylene and polypropylene, and the elastomeric phase consisting of an ethylene-propylene rubber.
  • the thermoplastic rubber can be of styrenic type.
  • the elastomeric phase optionally hydrogenated, can be chosen from polybutadiene and polyisoprene, and the thermoplastic phase consisting of polystyrene.
  • a first semiconductor screen can be interposed between the conductive core and the envelope of an insulating material, and a second semiconductor screen can be interposed between the envelope of an insulating material and the metal screen.
  • the insulating jacket can be extruded.
  • the cable according to the invention can be used under high continuous voltages.
  • the single figure shows in exploded perspective a cable for direct voltage, and in particular for high direct voltage, according to the invention.
  • Thermoplastic rubbers consist of two mutually incompatible phases: a so-called thermoplastic phase (phase T), and a so-called elastomeric phase (phase E).
  • phase T thermoplastic phase
  • phase E elastomeric phase
  • olefinic CTs and styrenic CTs olefinic CTs and styrenic CTs.
  • the T phase can be prepared from polypropylene or high or low density polyethylene, and the E phase is generally constituted by an ethylene-propylene rubber.
  • the proportion of polyethylene in the CT is in this case, preferably but not limited to, between 10 and 25%.
  • a dynamic crosslinking of phase E is carried out in the presence of phase T, that is to say that phase E is crosslinked by strongly kneading the assembly, which allows the fractionation of phase E and its dispersion in the form of aggregates in phase T.
  • phase T consists for example of a non-crystalline polystyrene, and phase E of non-crosslinked polybutadiene or polyisoprene .
  • the polystyrene is grafted onto the polybutadiene for example, at the end of the latter chain and by grouping into "domains" of small dimensions (diameter of the order of 30 nm), while the matrix rubber (or phase E) remains continuous.
  • the material is thus made up of a succession of rigid segments in a continuous rubber phase.
  • CTs therefore generally have an organic phase dispersed in a continuous organic phase.
  • This dispersion of aggregates creates numerous interfaces within the insulating envelope.
  • any space charges no longer accumulate only at the interfaces between semiconductor screens and insulating envelope, but are also distributed at the numerous internal interfaces of the insulating envelope. Consequently, there are no longer any significant accumulations of space charges at the interfaces between semiconductor screens and insulating envelope, and the accumulations dispersed in the insulating envelope do not generate, under the effect of a continuous operating voltage, only weak reinforcements of the local electric field.
  • CTs give better results than PRCs with regard to the accumulation of space charges. In addition, they are much simpler to implement. Indeed, with the PRC, chemical crosslinking takes place during the manufacture of the cable and immediately after the extrusion of the insulating jacket. It is carried out under pressure and at a very high temperature (of the order of 200 ° C); cooling is also carried out under pressure. The manufacturing process is therefore very cumbersome.
  • the CTs are synthesized before manufacture, and their implementation is carried out by heating and extrusion around the cable as for any other thermoplastic material. They do not lose their thermoplastic character when heated for extrusion.
  • High amplitude impulse withstand tests were also carried out.
  • the resistance of the materials tested to pulses of high amplitude is determined either by direct application of a pulse of increasing voltage until the breakdown of the insulator, or by application of this pulse of increasing voltage after a prepolarization of one hour under a DC voltage equal to a third of the expected breakdown voltage.
  • Vo the breakdown voltage without prepolarization
  • Vp the breakdown voltage with prepolarization.
  • the relationship between these two values gives an idea of the resistance to high amplitude pulses superimposed on a continuous operating voltage of the materials tested: for PRC, the ratio Vp Vo is 0.7; for TCs, the report Vp Vo is equal to 1.
  • CTs are currently available on the market and are used as insulators in cables for low AC voltage.
  • CTs have the particularity, because of their molecular constitution, of behaving both as plastic materials at the temperatures at which they are used for the manufacture of cables, and as rubbery materials at current temperatures of use . They are therefore used in the field of alternative low voltages for their ease of implementation and for their advantageous mechanical and thermal properties.
  • thermoplastic rubbers although having a resistance to impulses of high amplitude less good than that of PRCs, show themselves to be much better than the latter when they are subjected to pulses. high amplitude superimposed on a continuous operating voltage, and can therefore be used as insulators for cables for high continuous voltage.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Elektrisches Kabel, das koaxial von innen nach außen angeordnet aufweist:
    - eine leitende Seele (2),
    - eine Hülle aus Isoliermaterial (4),
    - einen Metallschirm (6),
    - eine äußere Schutzhülle (7),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Isoliermaterial aus einem thermoplastischen Kautschuk besteht, der eine Elastomerphase und eine thermoplastische Phase aufweist.
  2. Kabel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der thermoplastische Kautschuk von Olefin-Typ ist.
  3. Kabel nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die thermoplastische Phase ausgewählt wird aus Polyäthylen und Polypropylen.
  4. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elastomerphase aus einem Äthylen-Propylen-Kautschuk besteht.
  5. Kabel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der thermoplastische Kautschuk vom Styrol-Typ ist.
  6. Kabel nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elastomerphase hydrogeniert wird.
  7. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elastomerphase aus Polybutadien und Polyisopren ausgewählt wird.
  8. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die thermoplastische Phase aus Styrol besteht.
  9. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein erster halbleitender Schirm (3) zwischen die leitende Seele (2) und die Hülle aus Isoliermaterial (4) eingefügt ist und daß ein zweiter halbleitender Schirm (5) zwischen die Hülle aus Isoliermaterial (4) und den Metallschirm (6) eingefügt ist.
  10. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isolierhülle extrudiert wird.
  11. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es bei hoher Gleichspannung verwendet wird.
EP19920118276 1991-10-31 1992-10-26 Elektrisches Kabel Expired - Lifetime EP0539905B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9113511A FR2683378B1 (fr) 1991-10-31 1991-10-31 Cable electrique.
FR9113511 1991-10-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0539905A1 EP0539905A1 (de) 1993-05-05
EP0539905B1 true EP0539905B1 (de) 1997-08-27

Family

ID=9418542

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920118276 Expired - Lifetime EP0539905B1 (de) 1991-10-31 1992-10-26 Elektrisches Kabel

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0539905B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69221814T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2683378B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2714543B1 (fr) * 1993-12-23 1996-01-19 Euromold Dispositif pour la jonction de câbles d'énergie.
CN106167533A (zh) * 2011-08-30 2016-11-30 博里利斯股份公司 包括聚丙烯的动力电缆

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3569610A (en) * 1969-10-15 1971-03-09 Gen Cable Corp Ethylene-propylene rubber insulated cable with cross-linked polyethylene strand shielding
CA947388A (en) * 1971-05-24 1974-05-14 Gordon C. Gainer Solid insulation for electrical apparatus
JPS6111854Y2 (de) * 1980-01-31 1986-04-14
JPS60235304A (ja) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-22 株式会社フジクラ 直流電力ケ−ブル
EP0712139A3 (de) * 1990-01-31 1998-03-25 Fujikura Ltd. Elektrisch isolierter Draht und Kabel, das diesen verwendet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69221814T2 (de) 1998-01-02
FR2683378B1 (fr) 1993-12-31
DE69221814D1 (de) 1997-10-02
EP0539905A1 (de) 1993-05-05
FR2683378A1 (fr) 1993-05-07

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