EP0529363A1 - Method for removing an adhered coating - Google Patents

Method for removing an adhered coating Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0529363A1
EP0529363A1 EP92113369A EP92113369A EP0529363A1 EP 0529363 A1 EP0529363 A1 EP 0529363A1 EP 92113369 A EP92113369 A EP 92113369A EP 92113369 A EP92113369 A EP 92113369A EP 0529363 A1 EP0529363 A1 EP 0529363A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
cold
carrier material
minus
adhesive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92113369A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Bräuner
Hartmut Seel
Eckhard Ullrich
Dieter Stadter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buse Gase GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Buse Gase GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buse Gase GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Buse Gase GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0529363A1 publication Critical patent/EP0529363A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0064—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes
    • B08B7/0092—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detaching a coating glued onto a carrier material, preferably metal.
  • the solution to this problem is that the adhesive force between the coating and the carrier material is first reduced by the action of cold and then the coating is detached from the carrier material by means of mechanical force.
  • the effect of the cold reduces the adhesive strength of the carrier material and coating-connecting adhesive in such a way that the coating can be removed from the carrier without great effort.
  • the coating is a cold-embrittling material, for example bitumen
  • the coating can be broken mechanically, for example by hammer blows, the coating pieces then falling off the support.
  • a temperature reduction of the adhesive and coating material to minus 20 to minus 30 ° C. is generally sufficient.
  • Such cooling can be achieved quickly and economically, in particular if liquid carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, which partly changes into the solid, partly into the gaseous state during its expansion and thereby ensures rapid cooling.
  • liquid carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, which partly changes into the solid, partly into the gaseous state during its expansion and thereby ensures rapid cooling.
  • the exemplary embodiment relates to the preparation of dishwasher stainless steel housings for recycling already mentioned at the beginning.
  • the outside of these stainless steel housings has a bitumen layer with a thickness of 3 to 6 mm, which is connected to the stainless steel surface by means of an adhesive.
  • an insulated cooling cell also called a cube freezer.
  • liquid carbon dioxide is introduced into the interior of the freezer via a control unit. This expands in the freezer interior and forms both carbon dioxide gas and dry ice particles.
  • the interior of the freezer is suddenly cooled down to a temperature of minus 60 ° C.
  • the temperature of the stainless steel housing, the bitumen layer and the adhesive layer in between drops in a very short time to below minus 20 ° C, which can easily be determined by conventional temperature sensors.
  • the casing is now removed from the cube freezer and the embrittled bitumen layer is knocked off the stainless steel casing by hammer blows. The bitumen pieces easily detach from the stainless steel surface because the adhesive is so brittle that there is essentially no adhesive force left.
  • the coated stainless steel housing can also be cooled using a belt freezer. If one starts from a belt freezer with a width of 1.3 m, so that two housings can be transported side by side on the belt, and a length of the freezer of 10 to 12 m, then an average belt speed of 2 m / min results Throughput of 300 pieces / hour
  • the carbon dioxide requirement depends on the initial temperature of the housing. Assuming an initial temperature of plus 20 ° C, then you need about 3.5 to 4 kg of liquid carbon dioxide per housing.
  • the electrical energy requirement is about 12 KW / h.
  • the housings released from the belt conveyor are then freed of the coating by mechanical action, ie hammer blows, the mechanical action also being able to take place by means of suitable machines. From the example numbers above it follows that when using a belt freezer, large numbers can be processed with low energy and carbon dioxide consumption.
  • the single figure shows schematically a section through a body consisting of a metallic carrier material 10, to which a coating 12 to be removed according to the inventive method is glued by means of an adhesive layer 11.
  • cooling gas such as liquid nitrogen
  • the application is also not limited to dishwasher housings; For example, the recycling preparation of underbody protection automotive sheets is mentioned only as a further area of application.

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A process is provided for removing a coating adhesively bonded to a substrate material, in particular metal. In this process first of all the adhesive force between coating and substrate material is reduced by the effect of cold and then the coating is removed from the substrate material by the effect of mechanical force. The cooling should be to approximately minus 20 to minus 30 DEG C. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Ablösen einer auf ein Trägermaterial, vorzugsweise Metall, aufgeklebten Beschichtung.The invention relates to a method for detaching a coating glued onto a carrier material, preferably metal.

Eine der wesentlichsten Forderungen der heutigen Gesellschaft ist, bei der Abfall-Entsorgung einen möglichst hohen Anteil der im Abfall enthaltenen, teilweise sehr wertvollen Materialien einer Wiederverwendung zuzuführen. Dies setzt aber voraus, daß der Abfall bezüglich seiner Grundmaterialien, beispielsweise Metall, Kunststoff, Papier und dergleichen, sortiert wird. Probleme bei der Sortierung ergeben sich jedoch dann, wenn der Abfall ganz oder teilweise aus Verbund-Werkstoffen besteht, die schwierig zu trennen sind, wie etwa Verbund-Stoffe aus einem Trägermaterial, etwa Metall, mit aufgeklebter Beschichtung aus einem anderen Material. Lediglich als Beispiel sei hier auf die Edelstahlgehäuse von Geschirrspülmaschinen verwiesen. Diese Edelstahlgehäuse sind meist mit einer aus 3 bis 6 mm starken Isolierschicht aus Bitumen versehen, die äußerst schwierig vom Edelstahlgehäuse wieder abgetrennt werden kann; ein wirtschaftliches Recycling des Edelstahls ist deshalb heute kaum möglich.One of the most important demands of today's society is to recycle as much as possible of the, sometimes very valuable, materials contained in the waste. However, this presupposes that the waste is sorted with regard to its basic materials, for example metal, plastic, paper and the like. Sorting problems arise, however, when all or part of the waste consists of composite materials that are difficult to separate, such as composite materials made of a carrier material, such as metal, with a glued-on coating made of another material. The stainless steel housings of dishwashers are only mentioned here as an example. These stainless steel housings are usually provided with a 3 to 6 mm thick insulating layer made of bitumen, which is extremely difficult to separate from the stainless steel housing; Economic recycling of stainless steel is therefore hardly possible today.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem es gelingt, auf ein Trägermaterial, vorzugsweise Metall, aufgeklebte Beschichtungen auf wirtschaftliche Weise vom Trägermaterial abzutrennen. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht darin, daß zunächst mittels Kälteeinwirkung die Klebkraft zwischen Beschichtung und Trägermaterial vermindert und daraufhin die Beschichtung mittels mechanischer Krafteinwirkung vom Trägermaterial abgelöst wird.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method with which it is possible to economically separate coatings adhered to a carrier material, preferably metal, from the carrier material. The solution to this problem is that the adhesive force between the coating and the carrier material is first reduced by the action of cold and then the coating is detached from the carrier material by means of mechanical force.

Durch die Kälteeinwirkung wird die Klebekraft des Trägermaterial und Beschichtung verbindenden Klebers derart herabgesetzt, daß die Beschichtung ohne großen Kraftaufwand vom Träger abgenommen werden kann. Handelt es sich bei der Beschichtung um ein durch Kälte versprödbares Material, beispielsweise Bitumen, dann kann die Beschichtung mechanisch, etwa durch Hammerschläge, zerschlagen werden, wobei dann die Beschichtungsstücke vom Träger abfallen.The effect of the cold reduces the adhesive strength of the carrier material and coating-connecting adhesive in such a way that the coating can be removed from the carrier without great effort. If the coating is a cold-embrittling material, for example bitumen, the coating can be broken mechanically, for example by hammer blows, the coating pieces then falling off the support.

Für die erforderliche Verminderung der Klebekraft des Klebstoffs und auch für die Versprödung von versprödbarem Material genügt im Allgemeinen eine Temperaturerniedrigung von Kleber und Beschichtungsmaterial auf minus 20 bis minus 30°C. Eine solche Abkühlung kann schnell und wirtschaftlich besonders dann erreicht werden, wenn als Kältemittel flüssiges Kohlendioxid verwendet wird, das bei seiner Expansion teilweise in den festen, teilweise in den gasförmigen Zustand übergeht und dabei für eine schnelle Abkühlung sorgt. Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben.For the required reduction in the adhesive strength of the adhesive and also for the embrittlement of embrittlement material, a temperature reduction of the adhesive and coating material to minus 20 to minus 30 ° C. is generally sufficient. Such cooling can be achieved quickly and economically, in particular if liquid carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, which partly changes into the solid, partly into the gaseous state during its expansion and thereby ensures rapid cooling. The invention is described in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel bezieht sich auf die bereits eingangs erwähnte Vorbereitung von Geschirrspülmaschinen-Edelstahlgehäuse für das Recycling. Diese Edelstahlgehäuse weisen außen eine Bitumenschicht einer Dicke von 3 bis 6 mm auf, die mittels eines Klebers mit der Edelstahl-Oberfläche verbunden ist. Für die Abtrennung der Beschichtung wird nun das Edelstahlgehäuse in eine isolierte Kühlzelle, auch Kubusfroster genannt, gelegt.The exemplary embodiment relates to the preparation of dishwasher stainless steel housings for recycling already mentioned at the beginning. The outside of these stainless steel housings has a bitumen layer with a thickness of 3 to 6 mm, which is connected to the stainless steel surface by means of an adhesive. To separate the coating, the stainless steel housing is now placed in an insulated cooling cell, also called a cube freezer.

Nach dem Schließen der Zelle wird über eine Steuereinheit in den Innenraum des Frosters flüssiges Kohlendioxid eingeleitet. Dieses expandiert im Froster-Innenraum und bildet sowohl Kohlendioxidgas als auch Trockeneispartikel. Der Innenraum des Frosters wird dabei schockartig auf eine Temperatur von minus 60°C herabgekühlt. Die Temperatur des Edelstahlgehäuses, der Bitumenschicht und der dazwischen liegenden Klebeschicht senkt sich dabei in sehr kurzer Zeit auf unter minus 20°C ab, was durch übliche Temperaturfühler leicht feststellbar ist. Das Gehäuse wird nun aus dem Kubusfroster entnommen,und mittels Hammerschlägen wird die versprödete Bitumenschicht vom Edelstahlgehäuse abgeschlagen. Die Bitumenstücke lösen sich dabei leicht von der Edelstahl-Oberfläche, weil auch die Klebemasse derart versprödet ist, daß im wesentlichen keine Klebekraft mehr vorhanden ist.After closing the cell, liquid carbon dioxide is introduced into the interior of the freezer via a control unit. This expands in the freezer interior and forms both carbon dioxide gas and dry ice particles. The interior of the freezer is suddenly cooled down to a temperature of minus 60 ° C. The temperature of the stainless steel housing, the bitumen layer and the adhesive layer in between drops in a very short time to below minus 20 ° C, which can easily be determined by conventional temperature sensors. The casing is now removed from the cube freezer and the embrittled bitumen layer is knocked off the stainless steel casing by hammer blows. The bitumen pieces easily detach from the stainless steel surface because the adhesive is so brittle that there is essentially no adhesive force left.

Die Abkühlung der beschichteten Edelstahlgehäuse kann auch mittels eines Bandfrosters erfolgen. Geht man aus von einem Bandfroster mit einer Breite von 1,3 m, so daß zwei Gehäuse nebeneinander auf dem Band transportierbar sind, und einer Länge des Frosters von 10 bis 12 m, dann ergibt sich bei einer mittleren Bandgeschwindigkeit von 2m/min ein mittlerer Durchsatz von 300 Stück/Std. Der Kohlendioxidbedarf richtet sich dabei nach der Ausgangstemperatur der Gehäuse. Nimmt man eine Ausgangstemperatur von plus 20°C an, dann benötigt man etwa 3,5 bis 4 kg flüssiges Kohlendioxid pro Gehäuse. Der elektrische Energiebedarf beträgt etwa 12 KW/h. Die aus dem Bandförderer entlassenen Gehäuse werden dann durch mechanische Einwirkung, also Hammerschläge, von der Beschichtung befreit, wobei die mechanische Einwirkung auch mittels geeigneter Maschinen erfolgen kann. Aus den obigen Beispielszahlen ergibt sich, daß bei Verwendung eines Bandfrosters große Stückzahlen bei geringem Energie- und Kohlendioxidverbrauch bearbeitet werden können.The coated stainless steel housing can also be cooled using a belt freezer. If one starts from a belt freezer with a width of 1.3 m, so that two housings can be transported side by side on the belt, and a length of the freezer of 10 to 12 m, then an average belt speed of 2 m / min results Throughput of 300 pieces / hour The carbon dioxide requirement depends on the initial temperature of the housing. Assuming an initial temperature of plus 20 ° C, then you need about 3.5 to 4 kg of liquid carbon dioxide per housing. The electrical energy requirement is about 12 KW / h. The housings released from the belt conveyor are then freed of the coating by mechanical action, ie hammer blows, the mechanical action also being able to take place by means of suitable machines. From the example numbers above it follows that when using a belt freezer, large numbers can be processed with low energy and carbon dioxide consumption.

Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch einen Schnitt durch einen Körper, bestehend aus einem metallischen Trägermaterial 10, auf den mittels einer Kleberschicht 11 eine gemäß dem Erfinungsverfahren abzulösende Beschichtung 12 aufgeklebt ist.The single figure shows schematically a section through a body consisting of a metallic carrier material 10, to which a coating 12 to be removed according to the inventive method is glued by means of an adhesive layer 11.

Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel begrenzt. So kann anstelle des Kohlendioxids auch ein anderes Kühlgas verwendet werden, etwa flüssiger Stickstoff. Auch die Anwendung ist nicht auf Geschirrspülmaschinengehäuse beschränkt; lediglich beispielsweise wird als weiteres Anwendungsgebiet die Recycling-Vorbereitung von mit Unterbodenschutz versehenen Automobilblechen erwähnt.Of course, the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Another cooling gas, such as liquid nitrogen, can also be used instead of carbon dioxide. The application is also not limited to dishwasher housings; For example, the recycling preparation of underbody protection automotive sheets is mentioned only as a further area of application.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zum Ablösen einer auf ein Trägermaterial, vorzugsweise Metall, aufgeklebten durch Kälte versprödbaren Beschichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zunächst durch Kälteeinwirkung die Klebkraft zwischen Trägermaterial und Beschichtung vermindert und zugleich die Beschichtung versprödet wird, worauf dann die Beschichtung mittels mechanischer Krafteinwirkung zerbrochen und vom Trägermaterial abgenommen wird.Process for detaching a coating that is brittle by cold and is glued to a carrier material, preferably metal, characterized in that the adhesive force between carrier material and coating is first reduced by the action of cold and at the same time the coating is embrittled, whereupon the coating is broken by mechanical force and removed from the carrier material becomes. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kälteeinwirkung mittels kaltem Kohlendioxid, Stickstoff oder einem anderen Kühlgas durchgeführt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cold effect is carried out by means of cold carbon dioxide, nitrogen or another cooling gas. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß flüssiges Kohlendioxid zur Expansion gebracht wird.A method according to claim 2, characterized in that liquid carbon dioxide is brought to expansion. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperaturen des Klebers und der Beschichtung auf minus 20 bis minus 30°C herabgesetzt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the temperatures of the adhesive and the coating are reduced to minus 20 to minus 30 ° C. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abkühlvorgang innerhalb einer isolierten Zelle durchgeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cooling process is carried out within an isolated cell. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abkühlvorgang in einem Bandfroster erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cooling process takes place in a belt freezer.
EP92113369A 1991-08-29 1992-08-05 Method for removing an adhered coating Withdrawn EP0529363A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914128751 DE4128751A1 (en) 1991-08-29 1991-08-29 METHOD FOR REMOVING A GLUED-ON COATING
DE4128751 1991-08-29

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3725857A1 (en) * 2019-04-19 2020-10-21 The Boeing Company Cryogenic-assisted adhesive removal tool

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DE10128413C1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-19 Daimler Chrysler Ag Method for opening a glued joint of a load-carrying structure of a motor vehicle bodywork involves embrittlement of the adhesive by immersing the joint zone into a refrigerating agent or by spraying it with such an agent
CN106707585B (en) * 2016-12-30 2019-09-13 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 A kind of method of panel defective products heavy industry
DE102020003736A1 (en) 2020-06-22 2021-12-23 Mycon Gmbh Device and method for separating adhesive joints in a way that is gentle on components
EP4168213A1 (en) 2020-06-22 2023-04-26 Mycon GmbH Method for cooling and/or separating adhesively bonded components and/or removing adhesive residues from surfaces and jet apparatus herefor

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CH285235A (en) * 1950-10-19 1952-08-31 Kunststoffwerk M & S Gmbh Process for removing organic coatings from surfaces.
US4487643A (en) * 1983-12-23 1984-12-11 Ellett William A Method and apparatus for removing protective coating from pipe section
EP0368134A1 (en) * 1988-11-11 1990-05-16 LOLLINI INTERNATIONAL S.p.A. Process and apparatus for recovering copper from cables
GB2227541A (en) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-01 Bryan John Cooper Removing a coating from a coated pipe

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US4491484A (en) * 1981-11-24 1985-01-01 Mobile Companies, Inc. Cryogenic cleaning process
DE3212171A1 (en) * 1982-04-01 1983-10-06 Adolf Berkmann Method and device for removing layers of surface coating agent on objects, produced by a wet coating or powder coating
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Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH285235A (en) * 1950-10-19 1952-08-31 Kunststoffwerk M & S Gmbh Process for removing organic coatings from surfaces.
US4487643A (en) * 1983-12-23 1984-12-11 Ellett William A Method and apparatus for removing protective coating from pipe section
EP0368134A1 (en) * 1988-11-11 1990-05-16 LOLLINI INTERNATIONAL S.p.A. Process and apparatus for recovering copper from cables
GB2227541A (en) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-01 Bryan John Cooper Removing a coating from a coated pipe

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3725857A1 (en) * 2019-04-19 2020-10-21 The Boeing Company Cryogenic-assisted adhesive removal tool
CN111824446A (en) * 2019-04-19 2020-10-27 波音公司 Low temperature assisted adhesive removal tool
US10894398B2 (en) 2019-04-19 2021-01-19 The Boeing Company Cryogenic-assisted adhesive removal tool

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