EP0529221A1 - Comminuting device - Google Patents

Comminuting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0529221A1
EP0529221A1 EP92110178A EP92110178A EP0529221A1 EP 0529221 A1 EP0529221 A1 EP 0529221A1 EP 92110178 A EP92110178 A EP 92110178A EP 92110178 A EP92110178 A EP 92110178A EP 0529221 A1 EP0529221 A1 EP 0529221A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
crusher
elements
comminution device
rollers
millimeters
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EP92110178A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0529221B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Hammel
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HAMMEL Recyclingtechnik GmbH
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a comminution device with a funnel-like container, in the outlet area of which two crusher rollers parallel to one another are mounted, which can be driven in opposite directions.
  • the crushing rollers of known shredding devices are constructed in a wide variety of ways, whereby a basic principle is always based on that on the outer circumference protruding elements of the crushing rollers are provided, the elements of adjacent rollers intermeshing. In this way, the material to be shredded introduced between the rolls is both gripped by the rolls and transported to the roll gap, and also shredded by the interaction of the two rolls. In order to ensure satisfactory operation, attempts were made to adapt the shape of the crushing rollers to the materials to be shredded. There is always the problem that the breaker rollers either cannot adequately shred the objects to be shredded or that the breaker rolls become blocked or clogged by the fragments that result from shredding. The prior art thus shows shredding devices which are not suitable for mixed materials, but rather can only be used in each case for shredding wood, metal or plastic.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a shredding device of the type mentioned, which can be used universally with a simple structure and easy handling and in particular enables the shredding of mixed materials with fast and economical operation.
  • the object is achieved in that the crusher roller has a cylindrical base body, to which a plurality of spaced-apart disk elements are fastened, on the peripheral region of which a number of crusher elements are attached.
  • the shredding device according to the invention is characterized by a number of considerable advantages.
  • the described design of the crusher rollers makes it possible to use a wide variety of materials, including mixed materials shred in a reliable manner. It can be observed that a very regular grain size is obtained.
  • the crusher elements arranged on the outer circumference of the individual disk elements result in a self-cleaning effect, so that the comminution device according to the invention can be operated without interruptions over a long period of time. Furthermore, the configuration of the crusher rollers according to the invention ensures a high degree of functional reliability, since foreign bodies which are admixed with the material to be comminuted do not lead to a malfunction. Foreign objects of this type can, for example, be metallic components which are connected to the wooden parts to be comminuted.
  • the shredding device according to the invention allows the processing of a wide variety of different materials, in particular it is possible to process wood, pallets, waste, tree stumps, root pieces or the like. Plastics and compostable materials can also be shredded. In any case, the crushed end product produces a very fine grain.
  • the comminution device is constructed such that the disk elements of the two crusher rollers and thus the crusher elements are offset with respect to one another in the longitudinal axis of the crusher shafts.
  • the crusher elements thus each engage in opposite spaces of the adjacent crusher roller, so that these spaces are cleaned of crushed particles.
  • the overlap of the crusher elements thus leads to the self-cleaning effect described.
  • each disk element can be attached to each disk element, preferably four or six crusher elements are provided.
  • the breaker element is plate-shaped and arranged essentially in a tangential plane of the disk element. It is also possible to position the crusher element slightly on the inside to the tangential plane. The oblique configuration of the crusher element thus results in a linear force on the workpiece to be shredded, the radially inner side of the crusher element leads to a squeezing movement of the workpiece into the nip.
  • the crusher element can be provided with a cutting-like bevel on its front side.
  • the crusher element is mounted by means of a support body lying in the plane of the disk element.
  • the support body can be arranged in front of the crusher element in relation to the working direction of rotation of the crusher roller. It can furthermore be advantageous if the support body has a radially oriented front edge and a segment of a circle arranged in front of the crusher element. In this way, the support body serves not only to support the crusher element, but also at the same time to shred materials, the support body acting like a blade, as is the case, for example, with a circular saw blade. It is beneficial if the diameter the area of the support body which is in the form of a segment of a circle is substantially identical to the circle described by the front edge of the crusher element.
  • the shredding device thus brings about a multiple shredding of the materials in the configuration of the crusher rollers described last.
  • crushing takes place in the longitudinal direction of the crusher rollers through the individual crusher elements and their cutting edges, which are each arranged parallel to the crusher roller axis.
  • the support bodies lead to a dismemberment of the respective workpiece into sections which correspond in length to the distance between the individual disk elements.
  • the interlocking of the crusher elements ensures reliable cleaning of the spaces between the disc elements. It is particularly advantageous if the disk elements of the crusher rollers and the crusher elements are dimensioned such that a crusher element of one crusher roller engages in the space between adjacent disk elements of the other crusher roller.
  • the individual crusher elements of adjacent disc elements are preferably offset in the circumferential direction, so that a side view of the crusher roller results in a spiral arrangement of the individual crusher elements. This ensures uniform power transmission and prevents the crusher rollers from rattling. At the same time, it is ensured that no material is transported through the nip without being crushed.
  • the breaker rollers can preferably be driven in both directions of rotation. In relation to the roll gap formed by the crusher rolls, it is possible to in the crusher rolls until a predetermined circumferential force is reached To move the working direction towards each other. If a workpiece is clamped between the crusher rollers that cannot be shredded, the crusher rollers are subsequently rotated in the opposite direction for a predetermined period of time in order to clear the roll gap in this way.
  • the shredding device according to the invention can either be designed to be portable or stationary.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 each show an embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention in side view and plan view.
  • This comprises a funnel-like container 1, in the outlet area 2 two crusher rollers 3 and 4 are arranged.
  • the crusher rollers 3 and 4 are rotatably mounted parallel to one another and are each driven in opposite directions by means of a drive, not shown in detail.
  • a belt conveyor 13 is provided below the outlet area 2, by means of which the comminuted material can be transported into a container or onto a heap.
  • the two crusher rollers 3 and 4 are firmly coupled to one another via a gear for synchronous movement; the drive can take place, for example, via a hydraulic motor 14 which is only shown schematically. Furthermore, safety clutches or the like can be provided in order to prevent overloading of the device.
  • 3 shows an end view of the device according to the invention, from which the funnel-like design of the container 1 and the arrangement of the crusher rollers 3, 4 results.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 a first embodiment of the crusher rollers 3 and 4 according to the invention is shown.
  • the crushing rollers are shown in FIG. 4, as well as in FIG. 6, with an increased mutual distance in order to be able to better describe the structure.
  • the crusher rollers 3 and 4 consist of an essentially cylindrical base body 5, which is provided with suitable bearing and drive devices (not shown).
  • a large number of disk elements 6 are fastened to the base body 5 and, on their outer circumference, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, carry a plurality of crusher elements 7.
  • the breaker elements 7 are each plate-shaped and arranged essentially in a tangential plane to the respective disc element 6.
  • FIG. 5 a view is shown in which the roller rotates in the counterclockwise direction.
  • a support body 9 is arranged in front of each of the crusher elements 7 and has a radial front edge 10 and a region 11 in the form of a segment of a circle.
  • the front edge 8 of each crusher element 7 is chamfered in a cutting shape.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5 only in that instead of six crusher elements 7, only four crusher elements 7 are provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a comminuting device having a funnel-like container (1) in whose outlet region (2) two crusher rollers (3, 4) which are parallel to one another and can be driven in opposite directions are mounted. In order to permit the device to be used universally and to have a good self-cleaning effect, there is provision for the crusher rollers (3, 4) to have a cylindrical base body (5) on which a plurality of mutually spaced disc elements (6) are mounted, at the circumferential area of which disc elements (6) a plurality of crusher elements (7) are provided. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einem trichterartigen Behälter, in dessen Auslaßbereich zwei zueinander parallele Brecherwalzen gelagert sind, welche gegenläufig antreibbar sind.The invention relates to a comminution device with a funnel-like container, in the outlet area of which two crusher rollers parallel to one another are mounted, which can be driven in opposite directions.

Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen der genannten Art werden verwendet, um Materialien unterschiedlichster Art zu zerkleinern. Das Haupt-Einsatzgebiet ist dabei die Zerkleinerung von Abfällen, beispielsweise Holzabfällen, Metallabfällen oder Kunststoffabfällen. Die zu zerkleinernden Materialien werden in den trichterartigen Behälter eingefüllt und gelangen in dessen Auslaßbereich zwischen die Brecherwalzen, durch welche sie zerkleinert werden. Die zerkleinerten Partikel fallen durch den Zwischenraum zwischen den Brecherwalzen aus dem Auslaßbereich des Behälters nach unten, wo sie meist auf ein Förderband gelangen, durch welches sie einer weiteren Lagerung zugeführt werden.Shredding devices of the type mentioned are used to shred materials of all kinds. The main area of application is the shredding of waste, for example wood waste, metal waste or plastic waste. The materials to be shredded are filled into the funnel-like container and reach the outlet area between the crusher rollers, through which they are shredded. The crushed particles fall down through the space between the crusher rollers from the outlet area of the container, where they usually reach a conveyor belt through which they are fed for further storage.

Die Brecherwalzen bekannter Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen sind in unterschiedlichster Weise aufgebaut, wobei stets ein Grundprinzip zugrunde liegt, bei dem an dem Außenumfang der Brecherwalzen hervorstehende Elemente vorgesehen sind, wobei die Elemente benachbarter Walzen ineinandergreifen. Auf diese Weise wird das zwischen die Walzen eingeführte zu zerkleinernde Gut sowohl von den Walzen ergriffen und zu dem Walzspalt transportiert, als auch durch das Zusammenwirken der beiden Walzen zerkleinert. Um eine zufriedenstellende Arbeitsweise zu gewährleisten, wurde versucht, die Brecherwalzen hinsichtlich ihrer Form den jeweils zu zerkleinernden Materialien anzupassen. Es besteht dabei stets das Problem, daß die Brecherwalzen entweder die zu zerkleinernden Gegenstände nicht ausreichend zerkleinern können oder daß die Brecherwalzen durch die sich beim Zerkleinern ergebenden Bruchstücke verstopfen oder sich zusetzen. Der Stand der Technik zeigt somit Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen, welche nicht für Mischstoffe geeignet ist, sondern jeweils lediglich zur Zerkleinerung von Holz, Metall oder Kunststoff gebraucht werden können.The crushing rollers of known shredding devices are constructed in a wide variety of ways, whereby a basic principle is always based on that on the outer circumference protruding elements of the crushing rollers are provided, the elements of adjacent rollers intermeshing. In this way, the material to be shredded introduced between the rolls is both gripped by the rolls and transported to the roll gap, and also shredded by the interaction of the two rolls. In order to ensure satisfactory operation, attempts were made to adapt the shape of the crushing rollers to the materials to be shredded. There is always the problem that the breaker rollers either cannot adequately shred the objects to be shredded or that the breaker rolls become blocked or clogged by the fragments that result from shredding. The prior art thus shows shredding devices which are not suitable for mixed materials, but rather can only be used in each case for shredding wood, metal or plastic.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welche bei einfachem Aufbau und einfacher Handhabbarkeit universell einsetzbar ist und insbesondere die Zerkleinerung gemischter Materialien bei schneller und wirtschaftlicher Arbeitsweise ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide a shredding device of the type mentioned, which can be used universally with a simple structure and easy handling and in particular enables the shredding of mixed materials with fast and economical operation.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Brecherwalze einen zylindrischen Grundkörper aufweist, an welchem mehrere zueinander beabstandete Scheibenelemente befestigt sind, an deren Umfangsbereich mehrere Brecherelemente angebracht sind.According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the crusher roller has a cylindrical base body, to which a plurality of spaced-apart disk elements are fastened, on the peripheral region of which a number of crusher elements are attached.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung zeichnet sich durch eine Reihe erheblicher Vorteile aus. Durch die beschriebene Ausgestaltung der Brecherwalzen ist es möglich, unterschiedlichste Materialien, auch gemischte Materialien in zuverlässiger Weise zu zerkleinern. Es ist dabei zu beobachten, daß eine sehr regelmäßige Korngröße erhalten wird.The shredding device according to the invention is characterized by a number of considerable advantages. The described design of the crusher rollers makes it possible to use a wide variety of materials, including mixed materials shred in a reliable manner. It can be observed that a very regular grain size is obtained.

Durch die am Außenumfang der einzelnen Scheibenelemente angeordneten Brecherelemente tritt ein Selbstreinigungseffekt auf, so daß die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung ohne Unterbrechungen über einen langen Zeitraum betrieben werden kann. Weiterhin gewährleistet die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Brecherwalzen ein hohes Maß an Funktionssicherheit, da Fremdkörper, welche dem zu zerkleinernden Wertstoff zugemischt sind, nicht zu einer Betriebsstörung führen. Derartige Fremdkörper können beispielsweise metallische Bauelemente sein, welche mit den zu zerkleinernden Holzteilen verbunden sind. Somit gestattet die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung die Verarbeitung einer Vielzahl unterschiedlichster Stoffe, es ist insbesondere möglich, Holz, Paletten, Müll, Baumstümpfe, Wurzelstücke oder ähnliches zu verarbeiten. Weiterhin können auch Kunststoffe und kompostierbare Materialien zerkleinert werden. In jedem Fall ergibt sich ein ausgesprochen feines Korn bei dem zerkleinerten Endprodukt.The crusher elements arranged on the outer circumference of the individual disk elements result in a self-cleaning effect, so that the comminution device according to the invention can be operated without interruptions over a long period of time. Furthermore, the configuration of the crusher rollers according to the invention ensures a high degree of functional reliability, since foreign bodies which are admixed with the material to be comminuted do not lead to a malfunction. Foreign objects of this type can, for example, be metallic components which are connected to the wooden parts to be comminuted. Thus, the shredding device according to the invention allows the processing of a wide variety of different materials, in particular it is possible to process wood, pallets, waste, tree stumps, root pieces or the like. Plastics and compostable materials can also be shredded. In any case, the crushed end product produces a very fine grain.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung so aufgebaut, daß die Scheibenelemente der beiden Brecherwalzen und damit die Brecherelemente in Längsachse der Brecherwellen gegeneinander versetzt sind. Die Brecherelemente greifen somit jeweils in gegenüberliegende Zwischenräume der benachbarten Brecherwalze ein, so daß diese Zwischenräume von zerkleinerten Partikeln gereinigt werden. Die Überlappung der Brecherelemente führt somit zu dem beschriebenen Selbstreinigungseffekt.In a preferred embodiment, the comminution device is constructed such that the disk elements of the two crusher rollers and thus the crusher elements are offset with respect to one another in the longitudinal axis of the crusher shafts. The crusher elements thus each engage in opposite spaces of the adjacent crusher roller, so that these spaces are cleaned of crushed particles. The overlap of the crusher elements thus leads to the self-cleaning effect described.

An jedem Scheibenelement können erfindungsgemäß mehrere Brecherelemente angebracht sein, bevorzugterweise sind vier oder sechs Brecherelemente vorgesehen.According to the invention, several crusher elements can be attached to each disk element, preferably four or six crusher elements are provided.

Das Brecherelement ist in günstiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung plattenförmig ausgebildet und im wesentlichen in einer Tangentialebene des Scheibenelementes angeordnet. Es ist auch möglich, das Brecherelement geringfügig innenliegend zu der Tangentialebene zu positionieren. Durch die schräge Ausgestaltung des Brecherelementes ergibt sich somit eine linienförmige Krafteinwirkung auf das zu zerkleinernde Werkstück, die radial innen liegende Seite des Brecherelementes führt zu einer Quetschbewegung des Werkstükkes in den Walzenspalt.In a favorable embodiment of the invention, the breaker element is plate-shaped and arranged essentially in a tangential plane of the disk element. It is also possible to position the crusher element slightly on the inside to the tangential plane. The oblique configuration of the crusher element thus results in a linear force on the workpiece to be shredded, the radially inner side of the crusher element leads to a squeezing movement of the workpiece into the nip.

Um den Zerkleinerungsvorgang zu verbessern, kann das Brecherelement an seiner Vorderseite mit einer schneidenartigen Abschrägung versehen sein.In order to improve the crushing process, the crusher element can be provided with a cutting-like bevel on its front side.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn das Brecherelement mittels eines in der Ebene des Scheibenelementes liegenden Stützkörpers gelagert ist. Auf diese Weise wird die Stabilität der Brecherwalze erheblich gesteigert. Der Stützkörper kann, bezogen auf die Arbeits-Drehrichtung der Brecherwalze vor dem Brecherelement angeordnet sein. Dabei kann es weiterhin günstig sein, wenn der Stützkörper eine radial ausgerichtete Vorderkante und einen vor dem Brecherelement angeordneten kreissegmentartigen Bereich aufweist. Auf diese Weise dient der Stützkörper nicht nur zum Stützen des Brecherelementes, sondern auch gleichzeitig zum Zerkleinern von Materialien, wobei der Stützkörper schneidenartig wirkt, so wie dies beispielsweise bei einem Kreissägeblatt der Fall ist. Dabei ist es günstig, wenn der Durchmesser des kreissegmentartigen Bereiches des Stützkörpers im wesentlichen gleich ist zu dem von der Vorderkante des Brecherelementes beschriebenen Kreises.It is particularly expedient if the crusher element is mounted by means of a support body lying in the plane of the disk element. In this way, the stability of the crusher roller is considerably increased. The support body can be arranged in front of the crusher element in relation to the working direction of rotation of the crusher roller. It can furthermore be advantageous if the support body has a radially oriented front edge and a segment of a circle arranged in front of the crusher element. In this way, the support body serves not only to support the crusher element, but also at the same time to shred materials, the support body acting like a blade, as is the case, for example, with a circular saw blade. It is beneficial if the diameter the area of the support body which is in the form of a segment of a circle is substantially identical to the circle described by the front edge of the crusher element.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung bewirkt bei der zuletzt beschriebenen Ausgestaltung der Brecherwalzen somit eine mehrfache Zerkleinerung der Materialien. Zum einen erfolgt eine Zerkleinerung in Längsrichtung der Brecherwalzen durch die einzelnen Brecherelemente und deren Schneiden, welche jeweils parallel zur Brecherwalzenachse angeordnet sind. Die Stützkörper führen zu einer Zerstückelung des jeweiligen Werkstückes in Teilstücke, welche in ihrer Länge dem Abstand der einzelnen Scheibenelemente entsprechen. Durch das Ineinandergreifen der Brecherelemente wird eine zuverlässige Reinigung der Zwischenräume zwischen den Scheibenelementen sichergestellt. Dabei ist es besonders günstig, wenn die Scheibenelemente der Brecherwalzen und die Brecherelemente so dimensioniert sind, daß ein Brecherelement einer Brecherwalze jeweils in den Zwischenraum zwischen benachbarte Scheibenelemente der anderen Brecherwalze eingreift.The shredding device according to the invention thus brings about a multiple shredding of the materials in the configuration of the crusher rollers described last. On the one hand, crushing takes place in the longitudinal direction of the crusher rollers through the individual crusher elements and their cutting edges, which are each arranged parallel to the crusher roller axis. The support bodies lead to a dismemberment of the respective workpiece into sections which correspond in length to the distance between the individual disk elements. The interlocking of the crusher elements ensures reliable cleaning of the spaces between the disc elements. It is particularly advantageous if the disk elements of the crusher rollers and the crusher elements are dimensioned such that a crusher element of one crusher roller engages in the space between adjacent disk elements of the other crusher roller.

Die einzelnen Brecherelemente benachbarter Scheibenelemente sind bevorzugterweise in Umfangsrichtung versetzt, so daß sich bei Seitenansicht der Brecherwalze eine spiralartige Anordnung der einzelnen Brecherelemente ergibt. Hierdurch wird eine gleichmäßige Kraftübertragung gewährleistet, ein Rattern der Brecherwalzen wird verhindert. Gleichzeitig ist sichergestellt, daß kein Material unzerkleinert durch den Walzspalt transportiert wird.The individual crusher elements of adjacent disc elements are preferably offset in the circumferential direction, so that a side view of the crusher roller results in a spiral arrangement of the individual crusher elements. This ensures uniform power transmission and prevents the crusher rollers from rattling. At the same time, it is ensured that no material is transported through the nip without being crushed.

Die Brecherwalzen sind bevorzugterweise in beide Drehrichtungen antreibbar. Bezogen auf den durch die Brecherwalzen gebildeten Walzspalt ist es dabei möglich, die Brecherwalzen bis zum Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Umfangskraft in Arbeitsdrehrichtung aufeinander zuzubewegen. Falls ein Werkstück zwischen den Brecherwalzen geklemmt ist, welches nicht zerkleinert werden kann, werden nachfolgend die Brecherwalzen über einen vorgegebenen Zeitraum in Gegenrichtung gedreht, um auf diese Weise den Walzspalt freizuarbeiten.The breaker rollers can preferably be driven in both directions of rotation. In relation to the roll gap formed by the crusher rolls, it is possible to in the crusher rolls until a predetermined circumferential force is reached To move the working direction towards each other. If a workpiece is clamped between the crusher rollers that cannot be shredded, the crusher rollers are subsequently rotated in the opposite direction for a predetermined period of time in order to clear the roll gap in this way.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn der Achsabstand, der Durchmesser des Grundkörpers und der Außendurchmesser der Brecherwalzen jeweils in einem bestimmten Verhältnis zueinander stehen. Dabei kann es günstig sein, einen Achsabstand von 325 Millimetern bei einem Durchmesser des Grundkörpers von 160 Millimetern und einem Außendurchmesser von 450 Millimetern zu wählen. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, den Achsabstand mit 475 Millimetern bei einem Durchmesser des Grundkörpers von 260 Millimetern und einem Außendurchmesser von 660 Millimetern zu wählen. Eine weitere, besonders günstige Paarung ist durch einen Achsabstand von 650 Millimetern, einen Durchmesser des Grundkörpers von 400 Millimetern und einen Außendurchmesser von 880 Millimetern gegeben.It is particularly favorable if the center distance, the diameter of the base body and the outer diameter of the crusher rollers are each in a specific relationship to one another. It can be advantageous to choose an axis spacing of 325 millimeters with a diameter of the base body of 160 millimeters and an outer diameter of 450 millimeters. However, it is also possible to choose the center distance with 475 millimeters with a diameter of the base body of 260 millimeters and an outer diameter of 660 millimeters. Another particularly favorable pairing is provided by an axis spacing of 650 millimeters, a diameter of the base body of 400 millimeters and an outer diameter of 880 millimeters.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung kann entweder transportabel oder ortsfest ausgestaltet sein.The shredding device according to the invention can either be designed to be portable or stationary.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung beschrieben. Dabei zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispieles der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel,
Fig. 3
eine Rückansicht, teils im Schnitt, des in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispieles,
Fig. 4
eine vergrößerte Detaildarstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispieles der erfindungsgemäßen Brecherwalzen,
Fig. 5
eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie V-V von Fig. 4,
Fig. 6
eine Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles der erfindungsgemäßen Brecherwalzen, ähnlich Fig. 4, und
Fig. 7
eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie VII-VII von Fig. 6.
The invention is described below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
2 shows a schematic side view of an exemplary embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
2 shows a plan view of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
3 shows a rear view, partly in section, of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
2 shows an enlarged detailed illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of the crusher rollers according to the invention,
Fig. 5
3 shows a sectional view along the line VV from FIG. 4,
Fig. 6
a view of another embodiment of the crusher rollers according to the invention, similar to FIG. 4, and
Fig. 7
6 shows a sectional view along the line VII-VII from FIG. 6.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen in Seitenansicht und Draufsicht jeweils ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung. Diese umfaßt einen trichterartigen Behälter 1, in dessen Auslaßbereich 2 zwei Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 angeordnet sind. Die Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 sind parallel zueinander und drehbar gelagert und werden jeweils gegensinnig mittels eines im einzelnen nicht dargestellten Antriebes angetrieben. Unterhalb des Auslaßbereiches 2 ist bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Bandförderer 13 vorgesehen, durch welchen das zerkleinerte Material in einen Behälter oder auf eine Halde transportiert werden kann.1 and 2 each show an embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention in side view and plan view. This comprises a funnel-like container 1, in the outlet area 2 two crusher rollers 3 and 4 are arranged. The crusher rollers 3 and 4 are rotatably mounted parallel to one another and are each driven in opposite directions by means of a drive, not shown in detail. Below the outlet area 2, a belt conveyor 13 is provided in the exemplary embodiment shown, by means of which the comminuted material can be transported into a container or onto a heap.

Die beiden Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 sind über ein Getriebe zur synchronen Bewegung fest miteinander gekoppelt, der Antrieb kann beispielsweise über einen nur schematisch dargestellten Hydraulikmotor 14 erfolgen. Weiterhin können Sicherheitskupplungen oder ähnliches vorgesehen sein, um eine Überlastung der Vorrichtung zu verhindern. Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine stirnseitige Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, aus welcher sich die trichterartige Ausgestaltung des Behälters 1 und die Anordnung der Brecherwalzen 3, 4 ergibt.The two crusher rollers 3 and 4 are firmly coupled to one another via a gear for synchronous movement; the drive can take place, for example, via a hydraulic motor 14 which is only shown schematically. Furthermore, safety clutches or the like can be provided in order to prevent overloading of the device. 3 shows an end view of the device according to the invention, from which the funnel-like design of the container 1 and the arrangement of the crusher rollers 3, 4 results.

In den Fig. 4 und 5 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 dargestellt. Die Brecherwalzen sind in Fig. 4, ebenso wie in Fig. 6 mit einem vergrößerten gegenseitigen Abstand gezeigt, um den Aufbau besser beschreiben zu können.4 and 5, a first embodiment of the crusher rollers 3 and 4 according to the invention is shown. The crushing rollers are shown in FIG. 4, as well as in FIG. 6, with an increased mutual distance in order to be able to better describe the structure.

Die Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 bestehen aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Grundkörper 5, der mit geeigneten Lagerungs- und Antriebseinrichtungen versehen ist (nicht dargestellt). An dem Grundkörper 5 sind eine Vielzahl von Scheibenelementen 6 befestigt, welche an ihrem Außenumfang, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 5 ersichtlich ist, mehrere Brecherelemente 7 tragen. Die Brecherelemente 7 sind jeweils plattenförmig ausgebildet und im wesentlichen in einer Tangentialebene zu dem jeweiligen Scheibenelement 6 angeordnet.The crusher rollers 3 and 4 consist of an essentially cylindrical base body 5, which is provided with suitable bearing and drive devices (not shown). A large number of disk elements 6 are fastened to the base body 5 and, on their outer circumference, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, carry a plurality of crusher elements 7. The breaker elements 7 are each plate-shaped and arranged essentially in a tangential plane to the respective disc element 6.

Bei dem in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine Ansicht gezeigt, bei welcher sich die Walze in Gegenuhrzeigerrichtung dreht.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a view is shown in which the roller rotates in the counterclockwise direction.

Vor jedem der Brecherelemente 7 ist ein Stützkörper 9 angeordnet, welcher eine radiale Vorderkante 10 sowie einen kreissegmentförmigen Bereich 11 aufweist. Die Vorderkante 8 jedes Brecherelementes 7 ist schneidenförmig abgeschrägt.A support body 9 is arranged in front of each of the crusher elements 7 and has a radial front edge 10 and a region 11 in the form of a segment of a circle. The front edge 8 of each crusher element 7 is chamfered in a cutting shape.

Aus Fig. 4 ergibt sich, daß die beiden Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 nicht gleich ausgebildet sind. Vielmehr sind die einzelnen Scheibenelemente 6 in Längsrichtung der Brecherwalzen 3, 4 so gegeneinander versetzt, daß sie jeweils auf Lücke. stehen. Es ergibt sich, daß in Fig. 4 ein vergrößerter Walzspalt 12 gezeigt ist, da der Abstand der beiden Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 vergrößert abgebildet ist. Im betriebsgemäßen Zustand greifen die einzelnen Brecherelemente 7 jeweils in den Zwischenraum der Scheibenelemente 6 der benachbarten Brecherwalze und führen zu einer Reinigung dieses Zwischenbereiches. Bei der vorstehend bereits genannten Dimensionierung des Durchmessers des Grundkörpers 5, des Achsenabstandes der Brecherwalzen 3, 4 und des Außendurchmessers der Brecherwalzen ergeben sich jeweils besonders günstige Reinigungseffekte. Es versteht sich, daß die Zuordnung der Brecherwalzen 3 und 4 so erfolgt, daß eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung oder Störung der Brecherelemente 7 nicht eintritt.From Fig. 4 it follows that the two crusher rollers 3 and 4 are not the same. Rather, the individual disc elements 6 are offset in the longitudinal direction of the crusher rollers 3, 4 so that they each have a gap. stand. It results that an enlarged roll gap 12 is shown in FIG. 4, since the distance between the two breaker rolls 3 and 4 is shown enlarged. In the operational state, the individual crusher elements 7 each reach into the space between the disc elements 6 of the adjacent crusher roller and lead to cleaning of this intermediate area. With the dimensioning of the diameter of the base body 5, the axial spacing of the crusher rollers 3, 4 and the outer diameter of the crusher rollers, particularly favorable cleaning effects result in each case. It goes without saying that the assignment of the crusher rollers 3 and 4 takes place in such a way that there is no mutual interference or interference between the crusher elements 7.

Das in den Fig. 6 und 7 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 4 und 5 lediglich dadurch, daß anstelle von sechs Brecherelementen 7 nur mehr vier Brecherelemente 7 vorgesehen sind.The exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5 only in that instead of six crusher elements 7, only four crusher elements 7 are provided.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, vielmehr ergeben sich für den Fachmann im Rahmen der Erfindung vielfältige Abwandlungs- und Modifikationsmöglichkeiten.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, rather there are various modification and modification possibilities for the person skilled in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (17)

Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einem trichterartigen Behälter (1), in dessen Auslaßbereich (2) zwei zueinander parallele Brecherwalzen (3, 4) gelagert sind, welche gegenläufig antreibbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brecherwalze (3, 4) einen zylindrischen Grundkörper (5) aufweist, an dem mehrere zueinander beabstandete Scheibenelemente (6) befestigt sind, an deren Umfangsbereich mehrere Brecherelemente (7) angebracht sind.Shredding device with a funnel-like container (1), in the outlet area (2) of which two mutually parallel crusher rollers (3, 4) are mounted, which can be driven in opposite directions, characterized in that the crusher roller (3, 4) has a cylindrical base body (5) , on which a plurality of spaced-apart disk elements (6) are fastened, on the peripheral region of which a plurality of crusher elements (7) are attached. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibenelemente (6) der beiden Brecherwalzen (3, 4) und damit die Brecherelemente (7) in Richtung der Längsachse der Brecherwalzen (3, 4) gegeneinander versetzt sind.Comminution device according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc elements (6) of the two crusher rollers (3, 4) and thus the crusher elements (7) are offset with respect to one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the crusher rollers (3, 4). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an jedem Scheibenelement (6) sechs Brecherelemente (7) angebracht sind.Comminution device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that six crusher elements (7) are attached to each disc element (6). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an jedem Scheibenelement (6) vier Brecherelemente (7) angebracht sind.Comminution device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that four crusher elements (7) are attached to each disc element (6). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Brecherelement (7) plattenförmig ausgebildet und im wesentlichen in einer Tangentialebene des Scheibenelementes (6) angeordnet ist.Comminution device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the crusher element (7) is plate-shaped and is arranged essentially in a tangential plane of the disc element (6). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Brecherelement (7) an seiner Vorderkante (8) mit einer schneidenartigen Abschrägung versehen ist.Comminution device according to claim 5, characterized in that the crusher element (7) is provided on its front edge (8) with a cutting-like bevel. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Brecherelement (7) mittels eines in der Ebene des Scheibenelementes (6) liegenden Stützkörpers (9) gelagert ist.Comminution device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the crusher element (7) is mounted by means of a support body (9) lying in the plane of the disc element (6). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stützkörper (9), bezogen auf die Arbeits-Drehrichtung der Brecherwalze (3, 4) vor dem Brecherelement (7) angeordnet ist.Comminution device according to claim 7, characterized in that the support body (9) is arranged in front of the crusher element (7) in relation to the working direction of rotation of the crusher roller (3, 4). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stützkörper (9) eine radial ausgerichtete Vorderkante (10) und einen vor dem Brecherelement (7) angeordneten kreissegmentartigen Bereich (11) aufweist.Comminution device according to claim 8, characterized in that the supporting body (9) has a radially oriented front edge (10) and a circular segment-like region (11) arranged in front of the crusher element (7). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser des kreissegmentartigen Bereiches (11) im wesentlichen gleich ist zu dem von der Vorderkante (8) des Brecherelementes (7) beschriebenen Kreis.Comminution device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the diameter of the area (11) in the form of a segment of a circle is substantially the same as the circle described by the front edge (8) of the crusher element (7). Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daS die Scheibenelemente (6) der Brecherwalzen (3, 4) und die Brecherelemente (7) so dimensioniert sind, daß ein Brecherelement (7) einer Brecherwalze (3, 4) jeweils in den Zwischenraum zwischen benachbarte Scheibenelemente (6) der anderen Brecherwalze (3, 4) eingreift.Comminution device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the disc elements (6) of the crusher rollers (3, 4) and the crusher elements (7) are dimensioned such that a crusher element (7) of a crusher roller (3, 4) each in the space between adjacent disc elements (6) of the other crusher roller (3, 4) engages. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brecherwalzen (3, 4) jeweils in beide Drehrichtungen antreibbar sind.Comminution device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the crusher rollers (3, 4) can each be driven in both directions of rotation. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brecherwalzen (3, 4) bezogen auf den durch sie gebildeten Walzspalt (12) bis zum Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Umfangskraft in Arbeitsdrehrichtung in Richtung auf den Walzspalt (12), und nachfolgend für eine vorgegebene Zeitdauer in Gegenrichtung drehbar sind.Comminution device according to claim 12, characterized in that the crusher rollers (3, 4) based on the roll gap (12) formed by them until a predetermined circumferential force is reached in the direction of rotation in the direction of the roll gap (12), and subsequently for a predetermined period of time in Reverse direction are rotatable. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brecherwalzen (3, 4) jeweils einen Achsabstand von 325 Millimetern, einen Durchmesser des Grundkörpers (5) von 160 Millimetern und einen Außendurchmesser von 450 Millimetern aufweisen.Comminution device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the crusher rollers (3, 4) each have a center distance of 325 millimeters, a diameter of the base body (5) of 160 millimeters and an outer diameter of 450 millimeters. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brecherwalzen (3, 4) jeweils einen Achsabstand von 475 Millimetern, einen Durchmesser des Grundkörpers (5) von 260 Millimetern und einen Außendurchmesser von 660 Millimetern aufweisen.Comminution device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the crusher rollers (3, 4) each have a center distance of 475 millimeters, a diameter of the base body (5) of 260 millimeters and an outer diameter of 660 millimeters. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brecherwalzen (3, 4) jeweils einen Achsabstand von 650 Millimetern, einen Durchmesser des Grundkörpers (5) von 400 Millimetern und einen Außendurchmesser von 880 Millimetern aufweisen.Comminution device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the crusher rollers (3, 4) each have a center distance of 650 millimeters, a diameter of the base body (5) of 400 millimeters and an outer diameter of 880 millimeters. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Brecherelemente (7) benachbarter Scheibenelemente (6) zur Ausbildung einer spiralartigen Anordnung der Brecherelemente (7) einer Brecherwalze (3, 4) in Umfangsrichtung versetzt sind.Comminution device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the individual crusher elements (7) of adjacent disc elements (6) are offset in the circumferential direction to form a spiral arrangement of the crusher elements (7) of a crusher roller (3, 4).
EP92110178A 1991-08-23 1992-06-17 Comminuting device Expired - Lifetime EP0529221B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE9110457U DE9110457U1 (en) 1991-08-23 1991-08-23 Shredding device
DE9110457U 1991-08-23

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EP0529221B1 EP0529221B1 (en) 1996-09-25

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DE (2) DE9110457U1 (en)
DK (1) DK0529221T3 (en)
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GR (1) GR3021587T3 (en)

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WO1995004596A1 (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-02-16 Hume Alister C Wood fibre debris processor
EP1224978A2 (en) 2001-01-05 2002-07-24 Sabater Belenguer, Isidro Grinder for shredding wood scraps and other products
ES2171144A1 (en) * 2001-01-05 2002-08-16 Belenguer Isidro Sabater Machine for shredding timber to produce wood chips e.g. for manufacture of chipboard
EP2438991A1 (en) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-11 UPM-Kymmene Corporation A method for processing of wood raw material, and a crusher for wood raw material
CN105501580A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-04-20 三明学院 Automatic urea bag breaking and discharging device
CN105944791A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-09-21 南京航空航天大学 Double-toothed roller crusher and working method thereof
CN112547192A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-26 杨明贵 Compound fertilizer production equipment and use method thereof

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DE102005039200B4 (en) * 2005-07-21 2008-10-30 Eurec Technology Gmbh Development & Design Crushing device with a plurality of substantially parallel, motor-driven, rotating or oscillating waves
DE202009018795U1 (en) 2009-08-20 2013-06-06 HAAS Holzzerkleinerungs- und Fördertechnik GmbH Apparatus for shredding general cargo
DE202009013063U1 (en) 2009-09-29 2010-03-04 Arjes Gmbh Shear wave crushing device
DE202009016001U1 (en) 2009-09-29 2010-03-04 Arjes Gmbh Shear wave crushing device
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DE102012004984B4 (en) 2012-03-14 2015-11-12 HAAS Holzzerkleinerungs- und Fördertechnik GmbH Apparatus for shredding general cargo
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WO1995004596A1 (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-02-16 Hume Alister C Wood fibre debris processor
EP1224978A2 (en) 2001-01-05 2002-07-24 Sabater Belenguer, Isidro Grinder for shredding wood scraps and other products
ES2171144A1 (en) * 2001-01-05 2002-08-16 Belenguer Isidro Sabater Machine for shredding timber to produce wood chips e.g. for manufacture of chipboard
EP2438991A1 (en) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-11 UPM-Kymmene Corporation A method for processing of wood raw material, and a crusher for wood raw material
CN105501580A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-04-20 三明学院 Automatic urea bag breaking and discharging device
CN105501580B (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-10-13 三明学院 A kind of automatic bale broken drawing mechanism of urea
CN105944791A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-09-21 南京航空航天大学 Double-toothed roller crusher and working method thereof
CN112547192A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-26 杨明贵 Compound fertilizer production equipment and use method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59207231D1 (en) 1996-10-31
DE9110457U1 (en) 1991-12-19
GR3021587T3 (en) 1997-02-28
ATE143291T1 (en) 1996-10-15
EP0529221B1 (en) 1996-09-25
DK0529221T3 (en) 1997-01-13
ES2092599T3 (en) 1996-12-01

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