EP0526500B1 - Procede de controle de la qualite de la coupe par une machine a decouper du papier, du carton ou similaires, et machine a decouper - Google Patents

Procede de controle de la qualite de la coupe par une machine a decouper du papier, du carton ou similaires, et machine a decouper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526500B1
EP0526500B1 EP91907951A EP91907951A EP0526500B1 EP 0526500 B1 EP0526500 B1 EP 0526500B1 EP 91907951 A EP91907951 A EP 91907951A EP 91907951 A EP91907951 A EP 91907951A EP 0526500 B1 EP0526500 B1 EP 0526500B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
cut
stack
blade
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91907951A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0526500A1 (fr
Inventor
Claus BOKÄMPER
Arnold Heidenreich
Olaf Pfeiffer
Gerd Schmitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WOHLENBERG VERTRIEBS- UND SERVICE GMBH
Original Assignee
Wohlenberg Vertriebs- und Service GmbH
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Publication of EP0526500A1 publication Critical patent/EP0526500A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the cutting quality of a cutting machine for paper, cardboard or the like according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • paper, cardboard or the like are cut by dividing the stack of material to be cut by means of cutting machines, for example high-speed cutters or three-cutters with a smooth cut.
  • the cut quality essentially determines the quality and dimensional accuracy of the end product. If the cut quality is poor, the end product is usually no longer usable, which also means that all previous processing measures become obsolete and thus considerable damage occurs.
  • the surface roughness of a workpiece to be machined must first be eliminated, after which the cutting forces occurring on the tool for a specific cutting depth and feed rate are then measured at a special position of the workpiece or along a special machining path.
  • the measured values serve as comparison values which are compared with actual values occurring at the same point or along the same machining path when machining other workpieces. If the actual values exceed a predetermined value, a signal is issued that indicates the wear of the tool.
  • the known device is specially designed for tool wear in the continuous machining of rigid workpieces, in which a cutting force already occurs when the tool first touches the workpiece and this cutting force with increasing cutting depth and feed rate increases continuously. Suggestions for the determination of tool wear when cutting sheet-like material are not dealt with.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving the method for determining the cutting quality of a cutting machine for paper, cardboard or the like by automatically evaluating essential cutting parameters.
  • Cutting parameters that influence the course of the cut for different materials are the bevel angle, the sharpness of the knife, the height of use, the pressure on the stack of material to be cut, the grain direction of the material to be cut and the length of cut.
  • One of the cutting parameters that changes in the course of processing cut material is the knife sharpness.
  • the sharpness of the knife decreases steadily due to wear, which leads both to an increase in the actuating force to be applied, which is necessary to cut through the stack of material to be cut, and to a greater deflection of the cutting knife.
  • both the actuating force to be applied and the deflection form a criterion for the knife sharpness and can be automatically evaluated individually or in combination to assess the cutting quality.
  • the actuating force is preferably detected as an elongation or compression on an actuating rod.
  • the deflection can expediently be recorded as a surface stretch on the surface of the cutting knife or the knife holder.
  • the value that occurs after touchdown and before being cut can be compared with a target value that depends on the stack height and the type of material to be cut.
  • the value measured at this point in time after compacting the stack of cut material represents the actuating force that must be applied to overcome the resistance to the cut material.
  • actuating force that must be applied to overcome the resistance to the cut material.
  • there is a nominal resistance taking into account the stack height and the type of material to be cut, which can result in a tolerance increase can be used as setpoint. If the actual value deviates from the nominal value, this fact suggests an incorrect cutting parameter, in particular a weakening of the knife sharpness.
  • a knife change signal is preferably triggered when the setpoint is exceeded.
  • This signal can visually or acoustically indicate to the operating personnel that a knife change is due, or can stop the cutting machine if the knife change is not carried out after a warning time.
  • the time profile of the value that occurs after touchdown can be compared with a target profile that is dependent on the stack height and the type of material to be cut.
  • the course of the actuation force over time provides information about the elasticity of the stack of material to be cut. Too high elasticity can lead to the cutting knife wedging or entrainment of the upper layers of the material to be cut, which can result in an oblique cut.
  • an increase in the pressing pressure on the stack of material to be cut is preferably carried out or an application height reduction signal is triggered.
  • the elasticity of the stack of material to be cut can be changed automatically or manually to the value which ensures good cutting quality.
  • the value that occurs after touchdown and before cutting is compared with a target value that depends on the stack height and the type of material to be cut.
  • the pressing pressure on the stack of material to be cut can then be reduced or, after the pressing pressure has been reduced, an application height reduction signal or a knife change signal can be triggered after the operational height has been reduced.
  • the invention further relates to a cutting machine for paper, cardboard or the like according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • This object is achieved in a cutting machine according to the preamble of claim 8 by the measures specified in the characterizing part.
  • the invention makes use of the fact that the knife sharpness, as an essential cutting parameter, decreases steadily due to wear and both increases the amount to be applied Actuating force that is required to cut through the stack of material to be cut and also leads to a greater deflection of the cutting knife.
  • sensors which detect the actuating force to be applied or the deflection of the cutting knife or its knife holder can obtain a quantity for assessing the cutting quality.
  • An evaluation of the measured values of only one of the two sensors is sufficient.
  • the measured values of both sensors can also be evaluated together. In the latter case, an evaluation of further cutting parameters, such as bevel angle, insert height or pressure on the stack of material to be cut, is then also made possible.
  • the actuation force sensor is arranged on an actuation rod.
  • the resulting forces overcoming the cutting resistance have a particularly strong effect on changes in the cutting resistance as a change in the magnitude of the actuating force. Accordingly, a high measuring accuracy can be achieved when the strain and compression values decrease on this part.
  • the bending sensor is expediently arranged on the surface of the cutting knife or the knife holder, preferably in the central region of the cutting knife or the knife holder.
  • the sensors are designed as strain gauges.
  • Strain gauges have already proven to be very robust and reliable sensors, which also allow conclusions to be drawn about tensile or compressive forces via the material expansion.
  • the small size of strain gauges and their lack of impairment of the cutting function have proven particularly advantageous in the cutting machine according to the invention.
  • the detection and evaluation device is preferably connected to a signal transmitter.
  • a knife change signal can be triggered as soon as the evaluation of the actuation force exceeds the value of the actuation force that occurs after touchdown and before severing a setpoint dependent on the stack height and the type of material to be cut.
  • the knife change signal can be indicated optically and / or acoustically or even stop the cutting machine after a certain warning period.
  • the detection and evaluation device can be connected to a baling pressure control device.
  • the pressing pressure on the stack of material to be cut can be increased automatically as soon as, when evaluating the actuating force, the temporal course of the value of the actuating force that occurs after touchdown has a flatter temporal course than a desired course dependent on the stack height and the type of material to be cut.
  • Such a course indicates a spring of an elastic stack of material to be cut which can be automatically eliminated by increasing the pressing pressure.
  • This measure can be successful if, when evaluating the deflection, the value of the deflection that occurs after touchdown and before severing exceeds a setpoint value that depends on the stack height and the type of material to be cut. The success of this measure can be seen from the fact that the measured deflection is then lower.
  • the detection and evaluation device can trigger an application height reduction signal by means of the signal transmitter.
  • the detection and evaluation device can finally use the A knife change signal can be triggered by the signal generator.
  • the only thing left is a poor knife sharpness as an insufficient cutting parameter that can be eliminated by changing the knife.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagram with a cutting force curve, as occurs in a cutting machine, for example a high-speed cutter or three-cutter and from an actuator must be applied.
  • the quality of the cutting force is essentially the same for every item to be cut.
  • the cutting process is triggered before the time A in FIG. 1. Within the period from the triggering time to the time A, the material to be cut is compacted by means of a pressing device.
  • the drive device of the cutting knife is then actuated.
  • the cutting knife then moves from its starting position towards the stack of material to be cut.
  • the knife chamfer touches the stack of material to be cut.
  • the material to be cut is now deformed and compacted in the area of the knife action.
  • the individual layers of the stack of material to be cut are divided within the range between the times C and D, an increase in force then being observed after an initial decrease in the cutting force.
  • the course of this curve area differs according to the material to be cut.
  • time D After cutting through the last layer, time D has been reached.
  • the increase in force in the area between the times D and E is caused by the penetration of the knife bevel into a cutting bar, which is made of soft material and is enclosed in the cutting base in the cutting area.
  • the maximum force at time E results from the depth of penetration of the knife chamfer into the cutting bar.
  • the cutting force gradually increases at time C.
  • a value can now be determined at which the cut quality is just sufficient and this value can be used as a setpoint for later comparison measurements. Exceeding the setpoint then indicates insufficient knife sharpness and can be output as a knife change signal.
  • Another parameter namely the pressing force on the stack of material to be cut, can be read from the curve. If the pressing force is set correctly, this results in a pre-compression of the stack of material to be cut and, consequently, a curve shape between times B and C with a characteristic steep course. This curve shape can also be saved as a setpoint.
  • a deviation from this curve shape indicates springs of an elastic material to be cut.
  • a correction signal can be obtained by comparison with the target value, with which the pressing pressure on the stack of material to be cut is automatically increased or, if that is not an improvement yields, the bet size can be reduced automatically or manually.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram with a deflection curve.
  • the knife holder bend is shown, plotted over a cutting path related to an insert height of 10 ⁇ 0 ⁇ %.
  • Below the graphic is a table with cutting parameters for curves A to E.
  • a bend can be caused by supporting the knife holder or the cutting knife on the material to be cut. Since the material to be cut is highly compacted, the cutting knife gives way e.g. with waste cuts. In the case of separating cuts, however, there is less deviation due to the counterforce of the material to be cut in front of the cutting knife.
  • the deflection of the cutting knife or knife holder can, in addition to indicating defective knife sharpness, also control the pressing pressure on the stack of material to be cut or control the insert height. For this purpose, a setpoint for maximum deflection is determined in test series and the actual deflection is later compared with this setpoint during operation.
  • the pre-compression of the stack of material to be cut can first be reduced via the pressure. If this measure is unsuccessful, the bet size can be reduced. If this step is also unsuccessful, a knife change signal can be issued, since the wrong cause may also be an incorrect cutting bevel angle.
  • Fig. 3 shows a plan view of a cutting knife 12 located in a knife holder 10 ⁇ .
  • the cutting knife 12 with the knife holder 10 ⁇ is part of a high-speed cutter, which imparts a vertical movement superimposed by a horizontal longitudinal movement to the cutting knife during a cutting process.
  • An actuating rod 14, which is laterally connected to the knife holder, of an actuating device (not shown in more detail) specifies this movement.
  • An actuating force sensor 18 in the form of a strain gauge is arranged on the actuating rod 14. Electrical signals of the strain gauge are fed to a detection and evaluation device, not shown. With the actuating force sensor 18, the cutting force profile, as it is exemplarily shown in FIG. 1, can be recorded via the expansion or compression of the actuating rod 14 and evaluated as explained above.
  • a bending sensor 16 is arranged on the cutting knife 12 or the knife holder 10 ⁇ . This bending sensor 16 detects the expansion or occurring on the surface of the cutting knife 12 or the knife holder 10 ⁇ Upsetting the deflection of the cutting knife 12 or the knife holder 10 ⁇ .
  • the bending sensor 16 is arranged in the central region of the cutting knife 12 or knife holder 10 ⁇ , where the deflection is greatest and the measuring accuracy is accordingly best.
  • the bending sensor 16 is also designed as a strain gauge and, like the actuating force sensor, is connected to the detection and evaluation device (not shown). With the bending sensor 16, the deflection, as it is exemplarily shown in FIG. 2, can be recorded and evaluated as explained above.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the representation according to FIG. 3 for the sake of completeness and reveals the local position of the bending sensor 16.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé de contrôle de la qualité de la coupe d'une machine à découper du papier, du carton ou similaire, dans lequel une lame tranchante (12) en forme de coin, qui se trouve dans un porte-lame (10), sectionne une pile de produits à découper, la force requise pour sectionner la pile de produits à découper à appliquer une fois que la lame tranchante est posée sur la pile de produits à découper et/ou la flexion s'exerçant sur la lame ou le porte-lame étant détectées et évaluées, et, par l'évaluation de la force et/ou de la flexion, la valeur apparaissant après la pose et avant la séparation étant comparée avec une valeur de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la force est détectée par l'allongement ou le raccourcissement d'une tige de commande reliée au porte-lame.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la flexion est évaluée par l'accroissement de la surface de la lame ou du porte-lame.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dépassement de la valeur de consigne déclenche un signal de changement de lame.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, par l'évaluation de la force, l'évolution dans le temps de la valeur apparaissant après la pose est comparée avec une évolution de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, pour une évolution dans le temps de la valeur plus plate que l'évolution de consigne, une augmentation de la pression est entreprise sur la pile de produits à découper ou un signal de réduction de la hauteur d'insertion est déclenché.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour un dépassement de la valeur de consigne concernant la flexion, une diminution de la pression sur la pile de produits à découper est entreprise ou, après diminution de la pression, un signal de réduction de la hauteur d'insertion est déclenché ou, après réduction de la hauteur d'insertion, un signal de changement de lame est déclenché.
  8. Machine à découper du papier, du carton ou similaire munie d'une lame (12) en forme de coin, disposés dans un porte-lame (10) et d'un dispositif de commande accroché au porte-lame (10) caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de commande comprend un détecteur de force (18) et/ou en ce que la lame (12) ou le porte-lame (10) comprend un détecteur de flexion (16), et en ce que le détecteur ou les détecteurs (16, 18) sont reliés à un dispositif de détection et d'évaluation qui comprend un comparateur de valeur de consigne/réelle pour une comparaison de la valeur du détecteur de force (18) et/ou du détecteur de flexion (16) fournie après la pose et avant le sectionnement avec une valeur de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
  9. Machine suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le détecteur de force (18) est disposé sur une tige de commande (14) reliée au porte-lame (10).
  10. Machine à découper suivant la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisée en ce que le détecteur de flexion (16) est situé sur la surface de la lame (12) ou du porte-lame (10).
  11. Machine à découper suivant la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le détecteur de flexion (16) est situé dans la zone médiane de la lame (12) ou du porte-lame (10).
  12. Machine à découper suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisée en ce que les détecteurs (16, 18) sont constitués comme des bandes de mesure d'allongement.
  13. Machine à découper suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de détection et d'évaluation est relié à un émetteur de signal par lequel peut être envoyé un signal de changement de lame aussitôt que, par l'évaluation de la force, la valeur de la force, après la pose et avant le sectionnement, dépasse une valeur de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
  14. Machine à découper suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de détection et d'évaluation est relié à un dispositif de contrôle de pression par lequel une augmentation de la pression peut être entreprise sur la pile de produits à découper aussitôt que, par évaluation de la force, l'évolution dans le temps de la valeur de la force se produisant après la pose présente une évolution dans le temps plus plate qu'une évolution de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
  15. Machine à découper suivant la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que, par le dispositif de détection et d'évaluation au moyen d'un dispositif de contrôle de pression, une réduction de la pression peut être obtenue sur la pile de produits à découper, dès que, par l'évaluation de la flexion transversale, la valeur de la flexion transversale, se produisant après la pose et avant le sectionnement, ne dépasse pas une valeur de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
  16. Machine à découper suivant la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que, par le dispositif de détection et d'évaluation au moyen de l'émetteur de signal, peut être déclenché un signal de réduction de la hauteur d'insertion, pour autant que, par réduction de la pression, la valeur de la flexion transversale se produisant après la pose et avant le sectionnement continue à dépasser une valeur de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
  17. Machine à découper suivant la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que, par le dispositif de détection et d'évaluation au moyen de l'émetteur de signal, peut être déclenché un signal de changement de lame, pour autant que, par réduction de la hauteur de la pile, la valeur de la flexion transversale se produisant après la pose et avant le sectionnement dépasse une valeur de consigne qui dépend de la hauteur de la pile et de la nature des produits à découper.
EP91907951A 1990-04-26 1991-04-24 Procede de controle de la qualite de la coupe par une machine a decouper du papier, du carton ou similaires, et machine a decouper Expired - Lifetime EP0526500B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4013906A DE4013906C2 (de) 1990-04-26 1990-04-26 Verfahren zur Schnittqualitätserfassung einer Schneidmaschine für Papier, Pappe oder dergleichen sowie Schneidmaschine
DE4013906 1990-04-26
PCT/DE1991/000355 WO1991016180A1 (fr) 1990-04-26 1991-04-24 Procede de controle de la qualite de la coupe par une machine a decouper du papier, du carton ou similaires, et machine a decouper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0526500A1 EP0526500A1 (fr) 1993-02-10
EP0526500B1 true EP0526500B1 (fr) 1995-09-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91907951A Expired - Lifetime EP0526500B1 (fr) 1990-04-26 1991-04-24 Procede de controle de la qualite de la coupe par une machine a decouper du papier, du carton ou similaires, et machine a decouper

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0526500B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05506190A (fr)
AT (1) ATE127718T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4013906C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991016180A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19502300A1 (de) * 1995-01-26 1996-08-01 Mohr Adolf Maschf Vorrichtung zum Schneiden von blättrigem Gut
DE202009005394U1 (de) 2009-04-08 2009-07-02 Müller Martini Buchtechnologie GmbH Fliess-Schneider mit Vorrichtung zur Messung der Schnittkräfte beim Schneiden von Papier, Pappe o.dgl.
DE102009033717B4 (de) * 2009-07-13 2014-04-03 Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Schärfe einer Schneidkante von Schneidwerkzeugen

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54141472A (en) * 1978-04-26 1979-11-02 Fanuc Ltd System for detecting tool abrasion
US4331050A (en) * 1978-10-03 1982-05-25 Computerized Cutters Ltd. Control for paper cutting apparatus
ES8305237A1 (es) * 1981-01-26 1983-05-01 Investronica Sa Sistema mejorado para corregir flexiones de la cuchilla en una maquina automatica de corte
US4564911A (en) * 1983-04-25 1986-01-14 Eaton Corporation Method of monitoring a cutting tool by recognizing a sensed deviation in a mathematically smoothed function of force
DE3532328A1 (de) * 1985-09-11 1987-03-19 Degussa Dehnungsmessstreifen
SE458965B (sv) * 1987-10-13 1989-05-22 Sandvik Ab Kraftgivare foer en verkygsmaskin jaemte en metod att avkaenna krafter som uppstaar vid bearbetning av ett arbetsstycke i en verktygsmaskin

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Publication number Publication date
WO1991016180A1 (fr) 1991-10-31
ATE127718T1 (de) 1995-09-15
DE4013906A1 (de) 1991-11-07
DE4013906C2 (de) 1995-05-18
JPH05506190A (ja) 1993-09-16
EP0526500A1 (fr) 1993-02-10
DE59106485D1 (de) 1995-10-19

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