Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
  • A61K8/4946—Imidazoles or their condensed derivatives, e.g. benzimidazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
  • A61K8/442—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof substituted by amido group(s)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
  • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
  • A61K2800/596—Mixtures of surface active compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
  • C11D1/10—Amino carboxylic acids; Imino carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/32—Protein hydrolysates; Fatty acid condensates thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/90—Betaines

Definitions

• the present invention relates to cleansing products.
• it relates to foam-producing personal cleansing products suitable for cleansing the skin and/or the hair and which may be used, for example, in the form of make-up removal and facial cleansers, foam bath preparations, shower products, shampoos etc.
• the cleansing products are also suitable for other applications requiring the generation of a stable foam.
• the invention also relates to cleansing products containing functional components such as antibacterial agents and which display improved efficacy.
• Foaming cosmetic compositions must satisfy a number of criteria including cleansing power, foaming properties and mildness/low irritancy with respect to the skin, hair and the occular mucosae.
• Skin is made up of several layers of cells which coat and protect the keratin and collagen fibrous proteins that form the skeleton of its structure.
• the outermost of these layers, referred to as the stratum corneum is known to be coro ⁇ 5osed of 250 A protein bundles surrounded by 80 A thick layers.
• Anionic surfactants can penetrate the stratum corneum membrane and, by delipidization (i.e. removal of the lipids from the stratum corneum), destroy its integrity. This destruction of the skin surface topography leads to a rough feel and may eventually permit the surfactant to interact with the keratin, creating irritation.
• Ideal cosmetic cleansers should cleanse the skin or hair gently, causing little or no irritation without defatting and or drying the skin and without leaving skin taut after frequent use. Most lathering soaps, liquids and bars fail in this respect. Certain synthetic surfactants are known to be mild. However, a major drawback of most mild synthetic surfactant systems when formulated for skin cleansing is poor lather performance compared to the highest bar soap standards (bars which are rich in coconut soap and superfatted) . On the other hand, the use of known high sudsing anionic surfactants with lather boosters can yield acceptable lather volume and quality. Unfortunately, however, the highest sudsing anionic surfactants are, in fact, poor in clinical skin mildness.
• aqueous skin cleansing compositions in so-called “non-pressurized”, aerated foaming cleanser products is disclosed in US-A-3962150.
• foam-producing cleanser products which will provide superior foam stability and creaminess simultaneously with excellent mildness, product stability and ease-of-use characteristics over the full range of usage and temperature conditions.
• personal cleansing products which will provide improved - 3 -
• the subject of the present invention is a foam-producing cleansing product suitable for personal cleansing of the skin or hair and which may be used as make-up removal and facial cleansers, foam bath and shower products, shampoos etc.
• the product comprises a compressible non-aerosol dispenser equipped with a reservoir, dispensing head, liquid/air mixing means and preferably homogenizing means and non-return valve means.
• aqueous cleansing composition comprising:
• R is C--C 22 alkyl or alkenyl, , is hydrogen or CH 2 Z, each Z is independently CO-M or CH 2 C0 2 M, and M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium; and/or ammonium derivatives of formula IV
• n and m are numbers from 1 to 4, and R 1 and M are independently selected from the groups specified in (a) above;
• the cleansing composition has a total surfactant concentration of from about 0.2% to about 20% by weight and wherein the combined concentration of the first and second amphoteric surfactants comprises at least 20% by weight of the total surfactant concentration.
• the cleansing product comprises a cleansing composition in the form of an aqueous liquid comprising a defined mixture of amphoteric surfactants packaged within a so-called "squeeze foamer” container - a compressible dispenser equipped with a dispensing head and liquid/air mixing means, from which the cleansing composition can be easily dispensed in the form of an aqueous foam by squeezing.
• a cleansing composition in the form of an aqueous liquid comprising a defined mixture of amphoteric surfactants packaged within a so-called "squeeze foamer” container - a compressible dispenser equipped with a dispensing head and liquid/air mixing means, from which the cleansing composition can be easily dispensed in the form of an aqueous foam by squeezing.
• the cleansing compositions preferred for use herein comprise a mixture of two amphoteric surfactants, a first amphoteric surfactant being selected from imidazolinium surfactants of formula I
• R is C 7 -C 22 alkyl or alkenyl
• R 2 is hydrogen or CH 2 Z
• each Z is independently C0 2 M or CH 2 C0 2
• M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium; and/or ammonium derivatives of formula IV
• R., R 2 and Z are as defined above;
• amphoteric surfactant being selected from:
• the cleansing compositions for use herein can also comprise other, preferably mild, surfactant components, notably, anionic surfactants.
• the mixture of the first and second amphoteric surfactants comprises at least about 60%, more preferably at least about 75% by weight of the total surfactant.
• Suitable amphoteric surfactants of the first type are marketed under the trade name Miranol and are understood to comprise a complex mixture of species.
• Miranols have been described as having the general formula I, although the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd Edition indicates the non-cyclic structure IV. In practice, a complex mixture of cyclic and non-cyclic species is likely to exist and both definitions are given here for sake of completeness.
• compositions comprise a premix or complex of the first amphoteric surfactant and anionic surfactant in an equivalent ratio of about 1:1 in order to provide approximate electroneutrality.
• suitable amphoteric surfactants for use as the second amphoteric surfactant include salts, especially the triethanolammonium salts and salts of N-lauryl-beta-amino propionic acid and N-lauryl-imino-dipropionic acid.
• the cleansing compositions preferably contain from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 4% by weight of each of the first and ⁇ second amphoteric surfactants.
• the weight ratio of first amphoteric surfactant : second amphoteric surfactant is preferably from about 10:1 to about 1:10, more preferably from about 5:1 to about 1:5, especially from about 3:1 to about 1:3.
• compositions of the invention can comprise or be supplemented by surfactants other than the amphoteric surfactants specified above.
• the total level of surfactant in the compositions herein should generally lie in the range from about 0.2% to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 1% to about 16%, more preferably from about 1% to about 8% and especially from about 2% to about 6% by weight. It is a feature of the products of the invention that they can provide excellent foam stability and creaminess, even at low levels of cleansing surfactant.
• a preferred optional surfactant in the compositions herein is an anionic surfactant. This is preferably present in a level of from about 0.1 to 10%, more preferably from about 0.5 to 5% and especially from about 1% to about 3% by weight.
• Preferred anionic surfactants for inclusion herein, other than alkyl sulfates, ethoxylated alkyl sulfates and acylglyceride sulfates mentioned above, are the fatty acid condensation products of proteins, degraded proteins or amino acids or mixtures of such condensation products. In highly preferred embodiments, the fatty acid condensation products are selected from:
• condensation products of Cg-C, 2 preferably C 10 ⁇ C 1 8 fatfc y acids with hydrolysed proteins
• fatty acid sarcosinates derived from Cg-C 22 preferably c 10 *- c 18 fatty acids
• mixtures thereof preferably C 10 *- c 18 fatty acids
• Suitable mild synthetic detergent surfactants useful in the cleansing compositions include methyl acyl taurates; fatty acyl glycinates; N-acyl glutamates; alkyl glucosides; alkyl glycerides and ethoxylated glycerides; acyl isethionates; alkyl sulfosuccinates; alpha-sulfonated fatty acids, their salts and/or their esters; alkyl phosphate esters; ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters; alkyl ether sulfates; glucose esters and alkylated, e.g., methyl glucose esters; mixtures of alkyl ether sulfates and alkyl amine oxides; betaines; sultaines; and mixtures thereof.
• alkyl ether sulfates with up to 12 ethoxy groups especially ammonium and sodium lauryl ether sulfates.
• Alkyl and/or acyl chain lengths for these surfactants are preferably
• Suitable mild synthetic detergent surfactants of these types include:
• Cg-C,g monoalkyl phosphate salts preferably at least partly in the form of their polyalkanol, e.g., N,N,N'N'-tetraethanol-(ethylenediamine) (Quadrol) salts; N-(C 8 -C 18 fatty acyl) glutamates; Cg-C-g fatty acyl glycinates and/or their mixtures with additional anionic synthetic detergent surfactant, and/or mixtures thereof.
• compositions of the invention preferably also contain a polymeric thickener at a level from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.04% to about 2% and especially from about 0.05% to about 1%.
• the polymeric thickener is found to be valuable for enhancing the creaminess and quality of the foam without adversely affecting product dispensing characteristics.
• the useful polymers should be either soluble or dispersible in water to a level that will raise the viscosity of the corresponding polymer-free composition at least about 1 cps and preferably by from about 2 to about 10 cps, more preferably from about 2 to about 5 cps at 70°F (21.2°C).
• Suitable polymers are high molecular weight materials (mass-average molecular weight determined, for instance, by light scattering), being generally from about 2,000 to about 3,000,000, preferably from about 5,000 to about 1,000,000 and more preferably from about 7,000 to about 1,000,000).
• the polymers since the polymers apparently operate by raising the viscosity of the compositions, the polymers preferably have a thickening ability such that a 1% dispersion of the polymer in water at 70 ⁇ F (21.2°C) exceeds about 1 centipoise, preferably about 2 centipoise.
• Useful polymers are the cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, and anionic polymers useful in the cosmetic field. Preferred are cationic and nonionic polymers used in the cosmetic field as hair or skin conditioning agents.
• polymeric hair or skin conditioning agents include cationic and nonionic polysaccharides; cationic and nonionic homopolymers and copolymers derived from acrylic and/or methacrylic acid; cationic and nonionic cellulose resins; cationic copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylic acid; cationic homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; cationic polyalkylene and ethoxypolyalkylene imines; quaternized silicones, and mixtures thereof.
• cationic polymeric conditioning agents preferred for use herein include cationic guar gums such as hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium guar gum (d.s. of from 0.11 to 0.22) available commercially under the trade names Jaguar C-14-S(RTM) and Jaguar C-17(RTM), and also Jaguar C-16(RTM), which contains hydroxypropyl substituents (d.s. of from 0.8 - 1.1) in addition to the above-specified cationic groups, and quaternized cellulose ethers available commercially under the trade names Ucare Polymer JR and Celquat.
• cationic guar gums such as hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium guar gum (d.s. of from 0.11 to 0.22) available commercially under the trade names Jaguar C-14-S(RTM) and Jaguar C-17(RTM), and also Jaguar C-16(RTM), which contains hydroxypropyl substituents (d.s. of from 0.8 - 1.1) in addition to the above-specified cati
• Suitable cationic polymers are homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride available commercially under the trade name Merquat 100, copolymers of dimethyl aminoethylmethacrylate and acrylamide, copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide, available commercially under the trade names Merquat 550 and Merquat S, quaternized vinyl pyrrollidone acrylate or methacrylate copolymers of amino alcohol available commercially under the trade name Gafquat, and polyalkyleneimines such as polyethylenimime and ethoxylated polyethylenimine.
• polymers suitable for the use herein include hydroxyethyl cellulose (e.g. Natrosol 250MXR, Natrosol 250HHR); xanthan gum (e.g. Keltrol T) ; polymers of saccharides or oligogosaccharides with compatible synthetic monomers; quaternized polycarboxylates; polyethyleneglycol mono-and di-esters/ethers (e.g. polyethyleneglycol [20-500] distearate) .
• hydroxyethyl cellulose e.g. Natrosol 250MXR, Natrosol 250HHR
• xanthan gum e.g. Keltrol T
• polymers of saccharides or oligogosaccharides with compatible synthetic monomers e.g. Keltrol T
• quaternized polycarboxylates e.g. polyethyleneglycol mono-and di-esters/ethers (e.g. polyethyleneglycol [20-500] distearate
• the cleansing compositions can optionally include a hair or skin moisturizer.
• the preferred level of moisturizer is from about 3% to about 40% by weight.
• the moisturizer is nonocclusive and is selected from:
• nonocclusive moisturizers are glycerine, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol ethers of methyl glucose (e.g. methyl glucan-20), polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol ethers of lanolin alcohol (e.g. Solulan-75), sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, lactic acid, urea, L-proline, guanidine, pyrrolidone and mixtures thereof.
• glycerine is highly preferred.
• water-soluble nonocclusive moisturizers examples include water-soluble hexadecyl, myristyl, isodecyl or isopropyl esters of adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic, isostearic, myristic or linoleic acids, as well as many of their corresponding alcohol esters (sodium isostearoly-2-lactylate, sodium capryl lactylate) , hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derived proteins, aloe vera gel and acetamide MEA.
• water-soluble hexadecyl examples include water-soluble hexadecyl, myristyl, isodecyl or isopropyl esters of adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic, isostearic, myristic or linoleic acids, as well as many of their corresponding alcohol esters (sodium isostearoly-2-lactylate
• Another valuable feature of the invention is the surprising finding that the efficacy of cleansing compositions which incorporate a functional component such as an antibacterial or germicidal agent is substantially enhanced by incorporation of the cleansing composition within an aerated foaming cleansing pack.
• functional components which are essentially insoluble in water but which are solubilized in the cleansing composition, preferably in the form of an isotropic micellar solution, have been found to display superior surface deposition and substantivity characteristics and improved efficacy.
• a personal cleansing composition packaged in a squeeze foamer container in which the composition comprises from about 0.5% to about 16% of a surfactant (synthetic, soap or mixture thereof), and from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 4% by weight of a preferably water-insoluble functional component such as an antibacterial agent.
• a surfactant synthetic, soap or mixture thereof
• a preferably water-insoluble functional component such as an antibacterial agent
• Antibacterial agents suitable for use herein include 3,4-di- and 3,4' ,5-tribromosalicylanilides, 4,4'-dichloro-3-(trifluoromethyl) carbanilide, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide, phenoxyethanol, phenoxypropanol, chlorhexidine salts, hexamidine salts, 2 ' ,4,4'-trichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether (Trichlosan) , 2,2'-methylene bis (4-chloro-6-bromophenol), salicylic acid, parachlorometaxylenol, l-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2-(IH)-pyridone salts (Octopirox) and mixtures thereof.
• a solubilizer e.g. propylene glycol
• a solubilizer is preferably also added at a level of from about 0.1% to about 5%
• a number of additional optional materials can be added to the cleansing compositions.
• Such materials include proteins and polypeptides and derivatives thereof; water-soluble or solubilizable preservatives such as Germall 115, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of hydroxybenzoic acid, EDTA, Euxyl (RTM) K400, Bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitropropane-l,3-diol) ; other moisturizing agents such as hylaronic acid, chitin, and starch-grafted sodium polyacrylates such as Sanwet (RTM) IM-1000, IM-1500 and IM-2500 available from Celanese Superabsorbent Materials, Portsmith, VA, USA and described in USA-A-4,076,663; solvents such as hexylene glycol and propylene glycol; low temperature phase modifiers such as ammonium ion sources (e.g.
• nonionic emollients can be included as additional skin conditioning agents at levels up to about 10%, preferably from about 1% to about 6%.
• Such materials include, for example, mineral oils, fatty sorbitan esters (see US-A-3988255, Seiden, issued October 26th 1976), lanolin and lanolin derivatives, esters such as isopropyl myristate and triglycerides such as coconut oil. Water is also present at a level of from about 60% to about 99% preferably at least about 75% by weight of the compositions herein.
• the pH of the compositions is preferably from about 4 to about 9, more preferably from about 4.5 to about 8.5, pH being controlled, , for example, using a citrate buffer system.
• the cleansing compositions herein are packaged in a compressible, non-aerosol dispenser of the so-called “squeeze-foamer” type which comprise a reservoir, a dispensing head, liquid/air mixing means and preferably, homogenizing means and non-return valve means.
• Squeeze foamer packages are well known as exemplified by the disclosures in the following patents: US-A-3,709,437 (Wright, issued January 9th, 1973); US-A-3,937,364 (Wright, issued February 10th, 1976); US-A-4,022,351 (Wright, issued May 10th, 1977); US-A-4,147,306 (Bennett, issued April 3rd, 1979); US-A-4,184,615 (Wright, issued January 22nd 1980); US-A-4,598,862 (Rice, issued July 8th, 1986); US-A-4,615,467 (Grogan et al., issued October 7th, 1986); and FR-A-2,604,622 (Verlhulst, published April 8th, 1988).
• the above packages do not use any propellant and are therefore safe for the consumer and the environment.
• the cleansing composition is placed in the container reservoir which may for instance, take the form of a plastic squeeze bottle. Squeezing the container reservoir with the hand forces the composition through liquid/air mixing means where the composition is mixed with air and then preferably through a homogenizing means that makes the foam more homogeneous and controls the consistency of the foam. The foam is then discharged as a uniform, non-pressurized aerated foam through the dispensing head of the dispenser.
• the minimum force to activate the squeeze foamer is about 1 psig, preferably from about 2 psig to about 15 psig.
• the minimum force is related to the size of the channels in the dispenser, the viscosity of the composition, etc.
• the density of the foam should be between about 0.002 and about 0.25 g/cc, preferably between about 0.01 and about 0.07 g/cc.
• Foam density is inversely related to foam creaminess so lower foam densities are preferred.
• the invention is illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.
• R 2 is H
• Z is C0 2 Na
• the amphoteric being added as an equimolar complex with sodium lauryl sulfate.
• R 2 is CH 2 C0 2 Na
• Z is
• Polymer 2 Quaternized cellulose ether (Polymer JR 400) .
• Palm kernal oil fatty acid sarcosinate Anionic 2 Palm kernal oil fatty acid sarcosinate.
• the squeeze foamer products are made by conventional liquid mixing and filling procedures.
• the viscosities of the cleansing compositions of Examples I to V are in the range of from 1 to 10 cps (the 60 r.p.m. correction factor is [spindle reading - 0.4] x 0.1).
• the products display improved foam lathering characteristics (creaminess, abundance, stability) together with excellent cleansing characteristics and mildness. - 18 -
• the squeeze foamer products are made by conventional liquid mixing and filling procedures.
• the viscosities of the cleansing compositions of Examples VI to VIII are in the range of from 1 to 10 cps (the 60 r.p.m. correction factor is [spindle reading - 0.4] x 0.1).
• the products display improved foam lathering characteristics (creaminess, abundance, stability) together with excellent cleansing characteristics antibacterial performance and mildness.

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• 1990
  • 1990-04-27 GB GB909009824A patent/GB9009824D0/en active Pending
• 1991
  • 1991-03-11 WO PCT/US1991/001613 patent/WO1991017237A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1991-03-11 AU AU75600/91A patent/AU7560091A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-03-11 CA CA 2078441 patent/CA2078441A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-03-11 EP EP91907033A patent/EP0526473A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-03-11 JP JP91506572A patent/JPH05506873A/ja active Pending

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