CA2078441A1

CA2078441A1 - Cleansing products

Info

Publication number: CA2078441A1
Application number: CA 2078441
Authority: CA
Inventors: Robert F. Date; Graeme D. T. Smith; Mary L. Batt
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date: 1990-04-27
Filing date: 1991-03-11
Publication date: 1991-10-28
Also published as: GB9009824D0; JPH05506873A; WO1991017237A1; AU7560091A; EP0526473A4; EP0526473A1

Abstract

A foam-producing cleansing product comprising a compressible, non-aerosol dispenser equipped with a reservoir, dispensing head and liquid/air mixing means, wherein the reservoir contains an aqueous cleansing composition comprising: (a) from about 0.1 to 16 %
of animidazolinium or ammonium amphoteric surfactant, (b) from 0.1 to 16 % of an aminoalkanoate or iminodialkanoate amphoteric surfactant, (c) optionally up to 10 % anionic surfactant, and (d) water, wherein the cleansing composition has a total surfactant concentration of from 0.2 % to 20 % of which at least 20 % comprises the mixture of (a) and (b). The composition has improved foam stability and creaminess together with excellent cleansing performance and mildness. It is suitable for use as make-up and facial cleansers, foam and shower products, shampoos, etc.

Description

PCTtUS91/01613 CLEANSING PRODUCT~

The presQnt invQntion relates to cleansing products.
In particular, ;.. re1 at'7s to foam-produclng parsonal cleansing proaucts suita~le for cleansing the skin and/or the ha;- a-ld 7:a-ch n73y ~ usad, .or ezample, in the form of make-u~ removal and facial cleansers, foam bath prepara.ions, ,no~ar products, sh~mpoos etc. The cleansing p-o~ucts '7''-3 also suitable Eor other ap21iCaLioIIS ' eq11ir7ng the g~r.sratlon of a stable foam.
The inves~tien also relates to cleansing products containing functional com~onents such as antibactorial ` ag Qn't S~ ~n ~ a;J' i.-l 7 _ ~iC~ icac~.

Foaming cosmetic compositions must satisfy a number of criteria including cleansing power, foaming properties and mildness/low irritancy with respect to the skin, hair and the occular mucosae.

Skin is made up of several layers of cells which coat and protect the kerati~ and collagen fibrous proteins that form the skeleton of its structure. The outermost of these layers, referred to as the stratum corneum, is known to ~e composed of 250 A protein ~undles surrounded by 80 A
thick layers. Anionic surfactants can penetrate the stratum corneum membrane and, by delipidization (i.e.
removal of the lipids from the stratum corneum), destroy its integrity. This destruction of the skin surface topography leads to a rough feel and may eventually permit the surfactant to interact with the keratin, creating irritation.

Ideal cosmetic cleansers should cleanse the skin or hair gently, 5ausin~ llttle or no irritation without defatting and or drying tne sk~n and ~ithout leaving skln taut after frequent use. Mosc latnering soaps, liquids and bars fail in this respect.

.
- . ~.

' ~: ' "`, ' '; ' ' ' WO 91/17237i~ ~3 ~J ~
PCT/~S91/01613 Certain synthetic surfactants are known to oe mild.
However, a major drawback of most mild synthatic surfactant systems whan formulated for s~in cleansing is poor lather performance compar-d to the hi~hast h?.. SC-3-standards (bars which are rich in coconut soap and superfatted). On the other hand, the 'lS9 5f 1~nO;7r. h' g1 sudsing anionic surfactants with lather boostars can ~iald acceptable lather volume and quality. Un:ortllnataly, however, the highest sudsing anionic surfac~ar.ts 2_3, i.l fact, poor in clinical skin mildness. Sur~~ct?nrs th~' are among the mildast, such as sodium lauryl glycaryl ether sulfonate, (AGS), are marginal in lather. These two facts make tha surfactant salection, the la~:~e~: ^nd -,l; n feel banefit formulation process a delicata balancing act.

Rather stringent requirements for cosmetic cleansers limit the choice of surface-active agents, and final formulations represent some degree of compromise.
Mildness is often obtained at the expense of effective cleansing, or lathering may be sacrificed for either mildness, product stability, or both.
; .
Thus a ne~d e~ists ror cleansing products which wili produce a foam which is abundant, stable ana of high quality (compactness), which are effective skin and hair cleansers and which are very mild to the skin, hair and `; occular mucosae.

The use of aqueous skin cleansing compositions in so-called "non-pressurized~, aerated foaming cleanser products is disclosed in US-A-3962150. A naed e~ists, however, for foam-producing cleans~r products which will provide superior foam stability and créaminess simultaneously with e~cellent mildnass, product stability and ease-of~use characteristics over the full range of usage and temperature conditions. A need also e~ists ,or personal cleansing products whlch will provida improvad , .
- , :~- ' ' . .

... .

:` :
W091/17237 2 v ~ ~ ~ r ~

,~.......

,.
antibacterial performance.

The sub~ect of the present invention is a foam-producing cleansing product suitable Eor personal cleansing os chs skin o~ hair and which may ~e uscd as make-lip cemoval and facial cleansers, foam bath and shower products, shampoos etc. The product comprises a com2ressible non-asrosol dispenser equipped with a reservoir, dispensing head, liquid/air mi~ing means and prersra~ly homogeni~ing means and non-return valve means. In '_h3 _ 3se voi ~ here i_ contained in one aspect of the inv2ntion an aaueo1ls cleansing composition comprising:

~a) from about 0.1~ to about l6~ by weight of a first amphoteric surfactant seIected from imidazolinium derivatives of formula I
, \C/ + \ CH

wherein Rl is C7-C22 alkyl or alkenyl, R
is hydrogen or CH2Z, each Z is independently C02M or CH2C02M, and M is H, alkali metal, ~: alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium;
. and/or ammonium deriYatiYes of formula IV

: C2H4H
` : ' ~ RlCONH(CH2)2N CH2 IV
`~ I

~ wherein Rl, R2 and Z are as defined aoove;
' '- ' . .
.

.
.

~r~,~3,3 !l~ PCl/US91/01613 (b) from about 0.1~ to about 16% by weight of a second amphoterlc surf~ct3nt sel2ct2d from aminoa1!~.ano2t_s o~ formula II

l~H(C~2)nC02~ II

lminod al'~anoat~s o~ ~~ormula III

7[~C;i~)mC~2'~l]2 III

an~ mi .u e-- t.lereoL, wherein n and m are numbers f~om l to ~, and Rl and M are independently selected from the groups specified in (a) above;
(c) optionally up to about 10% of anionic surfactant;
and (d) water;

wherein the cleansing composition has a total surfactant concentration of from about 0.2% to about 20% by weight and wherein the combined concentration of the first and second amphoteric surfac.ants comprises at least 20% by weight of the total surfactant concentration.

All concentrations and ratios herein are by weight of ~ ~the cleansing composition, unless otherwise specified.
:
The invention relates to a foam-producing cleansing product with superior lathering characteristics (creaminess, abundance, stability) combined with eYcellent mildness, stability, cleansing ability and germicidal performance. In one aspect of the invention, the clPansing oroduc. comprises a clear.sing composition in the form of an aqueous liquid comprising a defined mi~ture of amphoteric surfactants packaged wlthin a so-called :

WO91/1723~ 2 ~
- PCT~US91/01613 : .'`' . -- 5 --"squoe7e Foamer~ container - a compressible dispenser equipped with a ~ispensing head and liquid/air mi~ing means, ~-LOm W~' eh t1le cleansing composition can be easily dispensed in ~:aa Lorm o~ an aqueous foam by squeezing.
The esse.~tia. a..d s?~ioaa1 -~aa'c11res of the product of this aspect of the invention are indicated below.

.~ The clsansing compositions ~referred for use herein ~: comprise a mi~r tlr~ or two ~mpnotsric surfactants, a first Dhot~ri5 s''~.~a~ta~` '33_ng ;~91aC~d ~rom imidazolinium surfactan:~ o:~ ~.orAnula .l C?H~OR~

Il I

, , wherein Rl is C7-C22 alkyl or alkenyl, R2 is hydrogen or CH2Z, each Z is independently .CO2M or CH2CO2M, and M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium;
and~or ammonium derivatives of formula IV
~; .
` C2H40H

RlCO~H(CH2)21 CH2 IY

` R2 "
wherein Rl, ~2 and Z are as defined above;
and a second amphoteric surfacr3nt oeing selected from:
~-aminoalXanoatos or form~la II
.
(C~2)nco2~I II

. .

. .

; .~ : ,................................. .

2 ~ ~ ~ L~ PCT/US91/01613 iminodialkanoates of formula III

R1~7 [ ( CH2 ) mC2~] 2 ~~ _ ï
and mi3tures tn3r30_, wher3in n and .~ ar3 allalbi,~s from l to 4, and Rl and M are independantl~
salected from the groups speciEi3d a~ore.

The cleansing compositions ror use herein can aLso comprise other, Drefsrably mild, surrzc4~nt co~.pons~n'-s, notably, anionic sur~actan~,. 'ra.err d h~--ei~, hu,7a~
are compositions in which the combin2d concentr3;:ion OL
the first and second amphoteric surfactants is at least about 20%, and preferably at least about 50~ by ~eight of the total surfactant concentration, this being desirable from the viewpoint of achieving optimum lathering charac~eristics. In preferred compositions, the misture of the first and second amphoteric surfactants comprises 1 at least about 60~, more preferably at least about 75% by ~ weight of the total surfactant.
, ~
I Suitable amphoteric surfactants of the first type are `~ ~ marketed under the trade name Miranol and are understood to comprisP a complex mi~ture of species. Traditionally, the Miranols have been described as having the general formula I, al-though the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd Edition indicates the non-cyclic structura IV. In practice, a comple~ mi~ture of cyclic and non-cyclic species is likely to e~ist and both definitions are given here for sake of~compieteness.
. , .
E~amples of suitable amohoteric surfactants for use as the first amphoteric surfactant include compounds of formula I and/or IV in which Rl is C8Hl7 (es?
iso-capryl), CgHlg and CllH23 aikyl. Especially ; preferred are the compounds in which Rl is C~Hlg, z ., .

WO9]/17237 2 ~ r~ L~ d ~ i PCT/US9l/01613 . , . - 7 -is CO2M and R2 is H; and the compounds in which R
is CllH23~ Z is CO2M and R2 is CH2Co2M.
It will be understood that a number of commercially-a~ailaole ampnoceric surfac~ant:~ o. this 'cype are manufactured and sold in the form of complo~os with anionic surfactants, especially those of the sulfated ; C8-Cl8 alcohol, C8-Cl~ etho.~ylated alcohol or C8-C18 acyl glyceride types. In one aspect or tha invention ther3for~, th~ compositions comprisa d premi~ or comple~ or che first amphoceric surfactan'c and an~onic surfactant in an equivalent ratio of about l:l in order to provide appro~imate electroneutrality.
.
E2amples of suitable amphoteric surfactants for use as the second amphoteric surfactant include salts, especially the triethanolammonium salts and salts of ~ N-lauryl-beta-amino propionic acid and : N-lauryl-imino-dipropionic acid.
' The cleansing compositions preferably contain from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight, more pref2rably from about 0.5% to about 4% by weight of each of the fi st and second'amphoteric surfactants. The weight ratio of first amphoteric surfactant : second amphoteric surfactant is preferably from about 10:1 to about 1:10, more preferably from about 5 1 to about 1:5, especially from about 3:1 to about l:3.
, The compositions of the invention can comprise or be - supplemented by surfactants other than the amphoteric surfactants specified above. Ho~evar, the total lev21 o surfactant in the compositions herein should generally lie in the range from about 0.2% to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 1% to about 16%, more preferably from about 1% to about 8% and especially from about 2-s to ~ about 6% by weight. It is a feature of the products of : .
;

~ ~ - . - -.
. .
. . . .
' :.' .

, :
WO91/17237 2 ~ ~ .;? ~ PC-r/US91/01613 the in~sn.tion that they can provide e~cellent foam stability an~ creaminess, even at low levels of cleansing su;factant.

,~ pr-_a red ^p' io..al s r~--ctan~ in the compositions herein is an anior.ic surfactant. This is preferably prasent ln a 12T~e1 O.f ~rom about 0.l to 10%, more prafarably rrom about 0.~ to 55 and especially from about 1s to abou'c 3~; ~y T~alght. Prearred anionic surfactants ~or ln~cl~usi^~ ~r~n~ oth~r han 2l1s~l1 sulf3tec, etho~Jla; ,l a'.X~l sul a~_s and acylglyc2ride sulfatas m2ntioned abo~a, ara ~ha fatty acid condensation products of prot2i 1a ~ d29raded pro 'ceins or amino acids or mi~tures of such condensation products. In highly preferred embodiments, ths fatty acid condensation products are selected from:
. .
(i) condensation products ~of C8-Cl2, `~ preferably Cl0-Cl8 fatty acids with `~ hydrolysed proteins, (ii) fatty acid sarcosinates derived from C8-C22~ pref8rably Cl0-Cl8 fatty acids, and (iii) mistures thereof.

Other suitable mild synthetic detergent surfactants useful in the cleansing compositions include methyl acyl taurates; fa~ty acyl glycinat~s; N-acyl glutamates; alkyl glucosides; alkyl glycerides and~ethosylated glycerides;
acyl isethionates; alkyl sulfosuccinates; alpha-sulfonated fatty acids, their salts and/or their esters; alkyl phosphata esters; etho~ylated alkyl phosphate esters;
alkyl ether sulfates; glucose esters and alkylated, e.g., i` methyl glucose estars; mi~tures o~ alXyl athar sulfates and alkyl amina o~ides; betaines; sultaines; and mi~tures ~ thereof. Included in the surfactants are the alkyl ether : sulfates with up to 12 etho~y groups, especially ammonium . . ~ . .

:~ .

WO 91/17237 ~ ~ 7 ~ L~ ll L PCT/US91/01613 ,., ~ ......

_ g _ ,~
and sodium lau~yl e~her sulFatDs. Alkyl and/or acyl chain lengths for these sur'act~nts are Ca-C22, preferably C10-C18 .

Suicabla In~ e~hetic de~e-~ent ~urL-actants of these types include:
C8-Cl8 monozl!syl phosphatD salts, preferably at least partly in th2 orm of thsir polyalkanol, e.g., N,N,N~ tstr~e-~3nol (ethylen2di2mine) (Quadrol) salts;
~-(C~-Cl~ -~L~ï ~z~ air.3~c~; C8-Cl8 ~at~y acyl glycin3~e, an~or ~heir mi~:~urec ~ith 3dditional anionic 3yn~hetic detergent surfactant, and/or mi~tures tnereof.

The compcsitions o~ the invention preferably also contain a polymeric thic~ener at a level from about 0.01%
to a~out 5~, preferably from about 0.04% to about 2% and especially from about 0.05~ to about 1%. The polymeric thickener is found to be valuable for enhancing the creaminess and quality of the foam without adversely affecting product dispensing characteristics.
' In general, tne usetul polym.ers should be either soluble or dispersible in water to a level that will raise the viscosity of the corresponding polymer-free composition at least about l cps and prefPrably by from about 2 to a~out lO cps, mor~ pre~erably fsom about 2 to about 5 cps at 70F (21.2C). Suitable polymers are high molecular weight materials (mass-average molecular weight determined, for instance, by light scattering), being generally from about 2,000 to about 3,000,000, preferably from about 5,000 to about l,000,000 and morc preferably from about 7,000 to about l,000,000). Since the polymers apparently oper2ce by raising the viscosity of the compositions, the polymers prefor3bly have a thickening ability such that a 1% dispersion of the polymer in water at 70F (2l.2aC) e~ceeds about l centipoise, preferably ,~; , ~ , ~ Ll~

about 2 centipoise.

Useful polymers are the cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, and anionic polymers useful in the cosmetic field. Preferred are cationic a~d nonionic -ol~ ~..3.rs u-~a~
in the cosmetic field as hair or skin conditioning agent~.

Representative classes of polymeric hair or skin conditioning agents include cationic and nonlonic polysaccharides; cationic and nonionic homopol~n2rs and copolymers derived from acrylic and/or msthac yli~ aci ;
cationic and nonionic cellulose resins; catlonic copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloridQ 2nd ac yl~ c acid; cationic homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; cationic polyalkylene and etho~ypolyalkylene imines; quaternized silicones, and mi~tures thereof.

By way of exempliEication, cationic polymeric conditioning agents preferred for use herein include cationic guar gums such as hydrosypropyl trimethyl ammonium guar gum (d.s. of from 0.ll to 0.22) available commercially under the trade names Jaguar C-14-S(RTM) and Jaguar C-17(RTM), and also Jaguar C-16(RTM), ~hich contains hydro~ypropyl substituents (d.s. of from 0.8 - l.l) in addition to the above-specified cationic groups, and quaternized cellulose ethers available commercially under the trade names Ucare Polymer JR and Celquat. Other suitable cationic polymers ara homo~olymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride available commercially under the trade name Merquat l00, copolymers of dimethyl aminoethylmethacrylate and acrylamide, copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and .
; acryIamide, available commercially under the trade names Merquat 550 and Merquat S, quaternized vinyl pyrrollidone acrylate or methacrylate copolymars of amino alcohol available commercially under the trade name Gafquat, and polyalkyleneimines such as polyethylenimime and -:
. ~ , .

; i 2 3 ~ ~ ~ ll i Pcr/us9l/016l3 etho~ylated polyethylenimine.

Other polymers suitable for the use herein include hydro~yethyl cellulose (e.g. Natrosol 250MX~, Natrosol 250HHR); ~anthan gum (e.g. ~eltrol T); pol~mers of saccharides or oligogosaccharides with compatible synthetic monomers; quaternized polycarbo~ylates;
polyethyleneglycol mono-and di-sstsrs/sthsrs (s.g.
polyethyleneglycol [20-500] distearate).

The cleansing compositions can optionally includ~ a hair or skin moisturizer. The preferred level of moisturizer is from about 3% to about g0% by ~elght. In -~ preferred embodiments, the moisturizer is nonocclusive and is selected from:

l. water-soluble liquid polyols;
2. essential amino acid compound found naturally occuring i~ the stratum corneum of the skin; and 3. water-soluble nonpolyol nonocclusives and mi~tures thereof.

Some e~amples of more pr~ferrad nonocclusive moisturizers are glycerine, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycoI, sorbitol, polyethyiene glycol and propylene glycol ethers of methyl glucose (e.g. methyl glucan-20), polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol ethers of lanolin J alcohol (e.g. Solulan-75), sodium pyrrolidone carbo~ylic acid, lactic acid, urea, L-proline, guanidine, pyrrolidone and mi~tures thereof. Of the above, glycerine is highly ~` preferred.
::~
~`~ E~amples of other water-soluble nonocclusive moisturizers include water-soluble he~adecyl, myristyl, isodecyl or isopropyl esters o~ adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic, isostearic, myristic or linoleic acids, as well as many of their corresponding alcohol esters (sodium :

,: . . . .
..
.. .. : , :

WO91/17237 ~ 3 ! ~' `

isostearoly-2-lactylate, sodium cap~yl lactylate), hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derived proteins, aloe vera gQl ând ac9' amide ~E~.

Anothe 'ia 1'~ .'.e .~_a':" 3 0 - '- .3 ' nvention ls the surprising finding that the efficacy of cleansing compositions ~hich incor?ora~e a functional component such as an an.ibacterial or germicidal agent is substantially enhanced by iacorpoLa-ion or tha cleansing composition within an aera~ed foam~n~ c'aa~.sing pac!~. In particular, unctiona' co~,cnen'-s w'1lch aL_ ess2ntially insoluble in water but -,~hich a_Q solubilized in the cleansing compositi^-, p eL2_ably in .he form or an isotropic micellar solution, have been found to display superior surface deposition and substantivity characteristics and improved efficacy. According to a second aspect of the invention, thereore, there is provided a personal cleansing composition packaged in a squeeze foamer container in which the composition comprises from about 0.5% to about 16% of a surfactant (synthetic, soap or mi~ture thereofj, and from about 0.01% to about 5~, preferably from about 0.1% to about 4% by weight of a preferably water-insolubla functional component such as an antibacterial agent.

Antibacterial agents suitable for use herein include 3,4-di- and 3,4',5-tribromosalicylanilides, 4,4'-dichloro-3~(trifluoromethyl) carbanilide, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide, pheno~yethanol, pheno~ypropanol, chlorhe~idine salts, he~amidine salts, 2',4,4'~trichloro-2-hydro~y-diphenyl ether ~Trichlosan), , 2,2~-methylene bis (4-chloro-6-~romophenol), salicylic acid, parachlorometa~ylenol, l-hydro~y-4-methyl-5-(2,4,~-trimethylpentyl)-2-(lH)-pyridone salts (Octopiro~) and mi~tures t:nereof. In the case of water-insoluble antibacterial agents, a solubilizer (e.g.
propylene glycol) is preferably also added at a level of ; .

: - . . ~- ~ . .
.

~ ~ .
, WO91/17237 C1 ~
h jJ S'J ~ PCT/US91/016]3 from about 0.1-j to about 5~ by T~eight.

A number OL- additional opcional materials can be added to the cleansing compositions. Such materials include proteins and ~cl~p-p;id-s 2nd d-rivatiYes thereor;
water-solubla or solubili2able preservatives such as ~ermall ~15, mec:~yl, e~hyl, prop~l and butyl esters of hydro~yben~oic acid, ~DT~, Eu~yl (R~l) K400, Bronopol (2-bromo-~-nlbro?ro~ane-l,3-d~ol); othar moisturizing as3nts such a.~ h- ~.:O.l.'.C acid, _h~ " n, and starch-grafted sodium poiyacryi 2cas SUC'l as ~an~-1e'c (~lt.~ 1000, IM-1500 ar.d I~ 550 a~t~ilaDlQ rrom CPlanese Superabsorbent Materials, ~ortsmitn, VA, US~ and described in USA-A-4,076,66~; solYents such as he~ylene glycol and propylene glycol; low temperature phase modifiers such as ammonium ion sourcas (e.g. NH4Cl); colouring agents;
perfumes and perfume solubilizers etc. Conventional nonionic emollients can be included as additional skin conditioninq agents at levels up to about 10%, preferably f~rom about 1% to about 6~. Such materials include, for e~ample, mineral oils, fatty sorbitan esters (see US-A-3988255, S~iden, issued October 26th 1976), lanolin and lanolin ~eriYatiYes, esters such as isopropyl myristate and triglycerides such as coconut oil. Water is a}so present at a level of from about 60% to about 99%
preferably at least about 75% by weight of the composition~ hsrsin.
.~ .
The pH of the compositions is preferably from about 4 to about 9, more preferably from absut 4.5 to about 8.5, pH
being controlled, for example, using a citrate buffer .
system.
.
The cleansing composicions h~reln are packaged in a ~ compressible, non-aerosol dispenser of the so-called - ~squeez~-foamerU ty2e whlch comprise a r~servoir, a dispensing head, liquid/air mi~ing means and preferably, :.; .: .
, . . . .
.

- ~ .

WO91/l7237 ~ 3 L~

homogenizing means and non-return valve means.

Squee~e foamer packag~s are well '~nown as e7empllLied by the disclosures in the following pa~cenrs:
US-A-3,709,437 (~right, issued 3anuar-7 3~h, 1373j;
US-A-3,937,364 (Wright, issued February 10th, 1970);
US-A-4,022,351 (Wright, issued May lO~h, 1377);
US-A-4,197,306 (3ennett, issued April 3rd, 1979);
US-A-4,184,615 (~right, issued January 22nd 19~0);
US A-4,598,862 (Rice, issuPd July 8th, 19~5);
US-A-4,615,~57 (Grogan -t al., issued Gctob_r 7c and FR-A-2,604,622 (Varlhulst, pu~ 'ned April 3tn, l9a8)~
.
The above packages do not use any propellant and are therefore safe for the consumer and the environment. The cleansing composition is placed in the container reservoir which may for instance, take the form of a plastic squeeze bottle. Squeezing the container reservoir with the hand forces the composition through liquid/air mixing means where the composition is mised with air and then preferably through a homogenizing~means that makes the foam more homogeneous and controls the consistency of the foam. The foam is then discharged as a uniform, non-pressurized aerated foam through the dispensing head of the dispenser.

The minimum force to activate the squeez2 foamer is about 1 psig, preferably from about 2 psig to about 15 psig. The minimum force is related to the size of the channels in the dispenser, the viscosity of the composition, etc.
: ~
In general, the density of the foam should be between about 0.002 and about 0.25 g/cc, preferably bet~een abouc 0.01 and about 0.07 g~cc. Foam density is inversely i related to foam creaminess so lower foam densities are preferred.
~ .
:
, :~. , .
~, '''" ' - .
'i' , ~' ' ' ' ' ' ::
,.~, , .1 PCT/US91/01613 . . ," . ' ' .

-The invention is illustrated ~y the following non-limiting e~amples.

In the e~amples, all concent~acions are o~ a lOO~s active basis and the abbreviations have tAe following designation:
.
~ Amphoteric A Miranol MSA Modified - the am~hoteLlc o formula I and~or I~ hich ~1 la Cg~l9, R2 is H, Z is CO2~a, ch~
amphoteric being addad as a~ aqui~olar comple~ with sodium lauryl sulfate.

Amphoteric B Miranol 2MCA Modified - the amphoteric of formula I and/or IV in which Rl is -CllH23' R2 is CH2CO2Na, Z is C02Na, the amphoteric being added as an - equimolar comple~ with sodium lauryl ; sulfate.

i Amphoteric C Sodium N--laury1-beta-amino propionate.

Amphoteric D Sodium N-lauryl-beta-iminodipropionate.

Polymer 1 Hydro~yethylcallulose (HEC) Gum [Natrosol 250 HR] Molecular ~eight about l,000,000.

Polymer 2 Quaternized cellulose ether (Polymer JR
; 400).
., Anionic l ~otassium Coco Uyd-olysed Animal Proteln.
.
Anionic 2 Palm kernal oil fa~ty acid sarcosinate.

--~ Preservative Eu~yl K400 ~ ' , :: .
- . . ~ :;
. . -: .
-: , '' -; :
-:~ : t . .
.

: .
Dispenser Squee2e Foamer, manufactured by Kunstoff Sup_rmatic, consis~ing of:
l. l50 ml round XDPE/LDPE bottle.
. 2. ~andard pl;sll-pull, off-on dispensing ,, i~sad 3. "r,~hite" mi~ing chambsr..
4. 11.5 mm long dr~ tube of 2.00 mm diame~^ar.
.

~: .
. ~ . .

., .
:

~ ' .

::

.:~
.

., ;: ~
:
~- :

~, .-. ~,::

~':
~ .
, , ~, ~
.;, ~ .

.
"~: ~ , :

:
W O 91/17237 PC~r/US91/01613 E~A~PLES I to V

I II III IV
Amphot~ic A - - 1.1 - 2.8 Amphoteric B ~.8 0.9 - O.5 Ampho-teric C - - 1.1 - -Amphoteric 3 ~.8 1 - 0.4 2.8 Anionic 1 ~ ~ 7 Anionic 2 Polymer ~ O 12 - O.1 0.26 Polymer 2 - - - - 0.3 ; Glycerol 5 _ ~ _ 5 He~ylene Glycol 0.~ 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.6 EDTA 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .
Preservatlve 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Water ~ ------- To 100 ----------~, .
The squeeze foamer products are made by conventional liquid mi3ing and filling procedures. The viscosities of the cleansing compositions of Esamples I to V ~Brookfield LVT, UL adapter, 70F, 60 r.p.m. spindle speed corrected) are in the range of from 1 to 10 cps ~the 60 r.p.m.
correction factor is [spindle reading - 0.4] x 0.1).
;~ .
The products display improved foam lathering ~; characteristics (creaminess, abundance, stability) together with e~cellent cleansing characteristics and mildness.
,~

- .. ~, . ..

~: ~ . :~ , . : .
.: . : , ~ ,. : , ~

~ ' .

~ l8 -EXAMPLES VI_to VIII

VI VII VITI
Amphoteric A - - 1.1 Amphoteric B 0.5 0.3 Amphoteric C - - l.l ` Amphoteric D l.7 l 5 Anionic l - 2 Anionic 2 - l -Polymer l O.l - O.l Glycerol 12 3 5 Ammonium Chloride l.0 l.0 l.0 Hesylene Glycol 0.6 0.2 0.4 Propylene Glycol 3.0 4.0 2.5 EDTA ~ O.l O.l O.l Trichlosan 0.3 0.4 0.2 Water ~ To lO0 --________ The squeeze foamer products are made by conventional uid mi~ing and filling procedures. The viscosities of the~cleansing compositions of E~amples VI to VIII
(Brookfield LVT, UL adapter, 70F, O0 r.p.m. spindle speed corrected) are in the ranye of from l to lO cps (the 60 r.p.m. correction factor is ~spindle reading - 0.4] ~ O.l).
:
., , -The products display improved foam lathering characteristics (creaminess, abundance, stability) toqether with e~cellent cleansing characteristics antibacterial performance and mildness.
.. . . .

.

~ ' ' ,

Claims

1. A foam-producing cleansing product comprising a compressible non-aerosol dispenser equipped with a reservoir, dispensing head and liquid/air mixing means, wherein the reservoir contains an aqueous cleansing composition comprising:
(a) from about 0.1% to about 16% by weight of a first amphoteric surfactant selected from imidazolinium derivatives of formula I

wherein R1 is C7-C22 alkyl or alkenyl, R2 is hydrogen or CH2Z, each Z is independently CO2M or CH2CO2M, and M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium; and/or ammonium derivatives of formula IV

IV

wherein R1, R2 and Z are as defined above;

(b) from about 0.1% to about 16% by weight of a second amphoteric surfactant selected from aminoalkanoates of formula II
R1NH(CH2)nCO2M II
iminodialkanoates of formula III
R1N[(CH2)mCO2M]2 III
and mixtures thereof, wherein n and m are numbers from 1 to 4, and R1 and M are independently selected from the groups specified in (a) above;
(c) optionaily up to about 10% of anionic surfactant; and (d) water;
and wherein the cleansing composition has a total surfactant concentration of from about 0.2% to about 20% by weight and wherein the combined concentration of the first and second amphoteric surfactants comprises at least 20% by weight of the total surfactant concentration.

2. A cleansing product according to Claim 1 wherein the mixture of first and second amphoteric surfactants comprises at least about 50% by weight of the total surfactant.

3. A cleansing product according to Claim 2 wherein said mixture of said first and second amphoteric surfactants comprises at least 60% by weight of the total surfactant.

4. A cleansing product according to Claim 2 wherein said mixture of said first and second amphoteric surfactants comprises at least 75% by weight of the total surfactant.

5. A cleansing product according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the total surfactant concentration is from about 1% to about 16% by weight of the cleansing composition.

6. A cleansing product according to Claim 5 wherein the total surfactant concentration is from about 1% to about 8% by weight of the cleansing composition.

7. A cleansing product according to Claim 5 wherein the total surfactant concentration is from about 2% to about 6% by weight of the cleansing composition.

8. A cleansing product according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 comprising from about 0.5 to about 10% of each of the first and second amphoteric surfactant by weight of the cleansing composition.

9. A cleansing product according to claim 8 comprising from about 0.5% to about 10% of each of the first and second amphoteric surfactant by weight of the cleansing composition.

10. A cleansing product according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the weight ratio of first amphoteric surfactant:second amphoteric surfactant is from about 10:1 to about 1:10.

11. A cleansing product according to Claim 10 wherein the weight ratio of first amphoteric surfactant:second amphoteric surfactant is from 5:1 to 1:5.

12. A cleansing product according to Claim 10 wherein the weight ratio of first amphoteric surfactant:second amphoteric surfactant is from 3:1 to 1:3.

13. A cleansing product according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 additionally comprising from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of the cleansing composition.

14. A cleansing product according to Claim 13 comprising from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the cleansing composition.

15. A cleansing product according to Claim 13 comprising from 1% to 3% by weight of the cleansing composition.

16. A cleansing product according to Claim 13, 14 or 15 comprising a premix or complex of the first amphoteric surfactant and anionic surfactant in an equivalent ration of about 1:1.

17. A cleansing product according to Claim 13, 14 or 15 wherein the anionic surfactant is a fatty acid condensation product of a protein, degraded protein or amino acid or a mixture of said fatty acid condensation products.

18. A cleansing product according to Claim 17 wherein the fatty acid condensation product is selected from (i) condensation products of C8-C12, preferably C10-C18 fatty acids with hydrolysed proteins, (ii) fatty acid sarcosinates derived from C3-C22, preferably C10-C18 fatty acids, and (ii) mixtures thereof.

19. A cleansing product according to Claim 1 wherein the cleansing composition has a viscosity (Brookfield LVT, UL adaptor, 70°F, 30-60 r.p.m., speed corrected) of no more than 50cps.

20. A cleansing product according to Claim 19 wherein the cleansing composition has a viscosity no more than 20 cps.

21. A cleansing product according to Claim 19 or 20 wherein the cleansing composition has a viscosity of from about 2 to about 15 cps.

22. A cleansing composition according to Claim 21 wherein the cleansing composition has a viscosity from 2 to 12 cps.

23. A cleansing composition according to Claim 21 wherein the cleansing composition has a viscosity from 4 to 12 cps.

24. A cleansing product according to Claim 1 comprising from 0.01% to 5%, preferably from about 0.04% to about 2% and more preferably from 0.5% to 1% of polymeric thickener, by weight of the cleansing composition.

25. A cleansing product according to Claim 1 wherein the aqueous cleansing composition comprises from about 3% to about 40% of a hair or skin moisturizer.

26. A cleansing product according to Claim 25 wherein the moisturizer is nonocclusive and is selected from:
1. water-soluble liquid polyols;
2. essential amino acid compounds found naturally occurring in the stratum corneum of the skin; and 3. water-soluble nonpolyol nonocclusives and mixtures thereof.

27. A cleansing product according to Claim 26 wherein the moisturizer is selected from glycerin, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol ethers of methyl glucose, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol ethers of lanolin alcohol, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, lactic acid, L-proline and mixtures thereof.

28. A cleansing product according to Claim 27 wherein the moisturizer is glycerin.

29. A cleansing product according to Claim 24 wherein the polymer is a polymeric hair or skin conditioning agent which is preferably selected from cationic and nonionic polysaccharides; cationic and nonionic homopolymers and copolymers derived from acrylic and/or methacrylic acid; cationic and nonionic cellulose resins; cationic copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylic acid; cationic homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; cationic polyalkylene and ethoxypolyalkylene imines; quaternized silicones, and mixtures thereof.

30. A cleansing product according to Claim 1 additionally comprising from about 0.01% to about 5% weight of an antibacterial agent.

31. A cleansing product according to Claim 30 comprising from 0.1% to 4% of an antibacterial agent.

32. A cleansing product according to Claim 30 or 31 wherein the antibacterial agent is selected from 3,4-di- and 3,4',5-tribromosalicylanilides, 4,4'-dichloro-3-(trifluoromethyl) carbanilide, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide, phenoxyethanol, phenoxypropanol, chlorhexidine salts, hexamidine salts, 2',4,4'-trichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether (Trichlosan), 2,2'-methylene bis (4-chloro-6-bromophanol), salicylic acid, parachlorometaxylenol, 1 -hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2-(1H)-pyridone salts (Octopirox) and mixtures thereof .