EP0522549B1 - Building-block - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0522549B1
EP0522549B1 EP92111652A EP92111652A EP0522549B1 EP 0522549 B1 EP0522549 B1 EP 0522549B1 EP 92111652 A EP92111652 A EP 92111652A EP 92111652 A EP92111652 A EP 92111652A EP 0522549 B1 EP0522549 B1 EP 0522549B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
longitudinal
grooves
longitudinal grooves
groove
perforated brick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92111652A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0522549A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhold Heigl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ziegel-Kontor Ulm GmbH
Original Assignee
Ziegel-Kontor Ulm GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ziegel-Kontor Ulm GmbH filed Critical Ziegel-Kontor Ulm GmbH
Publication of EP0522549A1 publication Critical patent/EP0522549A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0522549B1 publication Critical patent/EP0522549B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a perforated brick with a plurality of fine channels running through the brick height, and with vertical grooves and springs on the abutting surfaces for mortar-free jointing.
  • the masonry itself is also expected to have ever higher thermal and acoustic insulation properties. While the butt joints are often no longer mortared to exclude the cold bridge formed by the mortar layer, the bearing surfaces are usually mortared or glued.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the thermal conductivity of bricks, especially in the area of the bearing surfaces and to improve sound insulation.
  • At least one longitudinal groove is provided on both horizontal surfaces in the installed position at equal distances from the longitudinal edges, whereby in connection with the fine channels in the region of the mortar-free longitudinal groove, a continuous vertical air layer is formed over the entire wall surface.
  • the longitudinal groove in the upper surface of a brick is a mirror image of the longitudinal groove in the lower surface of the stone placed thereon and both grooves together form a longitudinal channel running the entire length of the wall.
  • These longitudinal channels form an effective barrier to heat transfer, because they divide the horizontal mortar layers into an inner and an outer strip-shaped area or into several areas if several longitudinal grooves or channels are provided next to one another.
  • the longitudinal channels formed in the masonry have two further advantages. On the one hand, they can be used as installation channels for e.g. B. electrical cables, line or water pipes can be used. On the other hand, they make transportation easier in that the usual pallets can be dispensed with because the forks of the forklift truck can engage in the lower longitudinal grooves in a cross-strapped stone package. If necessary, the forklift can be equipped with a special fork with more than two tines.
  • the groove cross section is arbitrary in terms of the thermal insulation function. However, a rounded cross-section is preferable as a ventilation or installation duct.
  • the groove cross-section is preferably rectangular, namely twice as wide as it is deep, so that square channels result when the bricks are moved.
  • the longitudinal grooves eccentrically with respect to the stone width, closer to the outside of the building, so as to move the insulation zone further outwards.
  • the width of the longitudinal grooves does not exceed 30% of the total stone width. Practically desirable values are 15% to 30% of the stone width.
  • the horizontal, air-filled longitudinal duct not only interrupts the heat flow from the inside out, but also, in conjunction with the vertical hole arrangement in the brick, forms a vertical air layer at least floor-high over the entire wall surface, because the fine vertical ducts in the brick - in Groove area - are not blocked by glue or mortar.
  • a floor or even building-high air exchange can take place if the ceiling area is designed accordingly.
  • the longitudinal grooves can also be filled with a different material than the module itself.
  • an insulating material such as polystyrene or a fibrous material is recommended.
  • the filling of the longitudinal grooves can alternate both in the vertical direction and, in the case of several adjacent grooves, in the transverse direction.
  • the four masonry tiles 1-4 shown in Fig. 1 are offset in two layers in the semi-structure. To simplify the illustration, the so-called rhombic perforation is not shown. This means a multitude of cross-sectionally rhombic vertical channels (upholes).
  • Six grooves 5 and 6 springs are arranged on the abutting surfaces for mortar-free abutting.
  • the essential feature of these stones is a rectangular longitudinal groove on the top and bottom. These longitudinal grooves lie exactly one above the other, so that the upper groove of the respective lower stone forms a longitudinal channel 7 with the lower groove of the stone above it, which results in a higher thermal insulation of the masonry and can be used above all as an installation channel.
  • FIGS. Similar cross-sectional examples of such bricks are shown in FIGS.
  • the side surfaces are designated 8 in FIG. 2 and the bearing surfaces 9.
  • the longitudinal grooves 10 and 11 are in these Examples twice as wide as deep.
  • These representations on a scale of 1: 5 show bricks with a width of 300 mm in FIGS. 2 and 3 and those with a width of 365 mm and a height of 238 mm in FIGS. 4 and 5.

Abstract

In the case of a building block, preferably a brick (1-4) with vertical perforation, and preferably for masonry without cross-joint mortaring, the heat and/or sound insulation can be improved by providing at least one longitudinal groove (7) on both bearing faces at the same distances from one side face. The longitudinal grooves preferably have a rectangular cross-section and are arranged off-centre in the width direction. They may be filled with an insulating material, for example Styropor, or with concrete. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochlochziegel mit einer Vielzahl von über die Ziegelhöhe durchgehenden feinen Kanälen, und mit Vertikalnuten und -federn an den Stoßflächen zum mörtelfreien Stoßen.The invention relates to a perforated brick with a plurality of fine channels running through the brick height, and with vertical grooves and springs on the abutting surfaces for mortar-free jointing.

Im Zuge der steigenden Anforderungen an die Wärme- und Schalldämmung der Außenwände von Gebäuden wird auch vom Mauerwerk selbst eine immer höhere Wärme- und Schalldämmfähigkeit erwartet. Während die Stoßfugen schon vielfach nicht mehr vermörtelt werden, um die durch die Mörtelschicht gebildete Kältebrücke auszuschließen, werden doch die Lagerflächen normalerweise vermörtelt oder verklebt.In the course of increasing demands on the thermal and acoustic insulation of the outer walls of buildings, the masonry itself is also expected to have ever higher thermal and acoustic insulation properties. While the butt joints are often no longer mortared to exclude the cold bridge formed by the mortar layer, the bearing surfaces are usually mortared or glued.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Mauersteinen vor allem im Bereich der Lagerflächen zu verringern und den Schallschutz zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to reduce the thermal conductivity of bricks, especially in the area of the bearing surfaces and to improve sound insulation.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß an beiden in verlegter Position horizontalen Oberflächen in gleichen Abständen von den Längskanten wenigstens eine Längsnut vorgesehen ist, wodurch in Verbindung mit den feinen Kanälen im Bereich der mörtelfreien Längsnut eine über die gesamte Wandfläche durchgehende vertikale Luftschicht gebildet wird.This object is achieved in that at least one longitudinal groove is provided on both horizontal surfaces in the installed position at equal distances from the longitudinal edges, whereby in connection with the fine channels in the region of the mortar-free longitudinal groove, a continuous vertical air layer is formed over the entire wall surface.

Dabei liegt die Längsnut in der oberen Fläche eines Mauersteins der Längsnut in der unteren Fläche des daraufgesetzten Steines spiegelbildlich gegenüber und beide Nuten zusammen bilden einen über die ganze Länge der Mauer verlaufenden Längskanal. Diese Längskanäle bilden einmal eine wirksame Sperre für den Wärmedurchgang, denn sie teilen die horizontalen Mörtelschichten in einen inneren und einen äußeren streifenförmigen Bereich bzw. in mehrere Bereiche, wenn mehrere Längsnuten bzw. -kanäle nebeneinander vorgesehen sind.The longitudinal groove in the upper surface of a brick is a mirror image of the longitudinal groove in the lower surface of the stone placed thereon and both grooves together form a longitudinal channel running the entire length of the wall. These longitudinal channels form an effective barrier to heat transfer, because they divide the horizontal mortar layers into an inner and an outer strip-shaped area or into several areas if several longitudinal grooves or channels are provided next to one another.

Außer der besseren Schall- bzw. Wärmedämmwirkung haben die im Mauerwerk gebildeten Längskanäle zwei weitere Vorteile. Zum einen können sie als Installationskanäle für z. B. elektrische Kabel, Leitungs- oder Wasserrohre verwendet werden. Zum anderen erleichtern sie den Transport insofern, als auf die üblichen Paletten verzichtet werden kann, weil bei einem quer umreiften Steinpaket die Gabelzinken des Hubstaplers in die unteren Längsnuten eingreifen können. Gegebenenfalls kann der Hubstapler mit einer speziellen Gabel mit mehr als zwei Zinken ausgestattet werden.In addition to the better sound or thermal insulation effect, the longitudinal channels formed in the masonry have two further advantages. On the one hand, they can be used as installation channels for e.g. B. electrical cables, line or water pipes can be used. On the other hand, they make transportation easier in that the usual pallets can be dispensed with because the forks of the forklift truck can engage in the lower longitudinal grooves in a cross-strapped stone package. If necessary, the forklift can be equipped with a special fork with more than two tines.

Der Nutenquerschnitt ist im Hinblick auf die Wärmedämmfunktion an sich beliebig. Als Lüftungs- oder Installationskanal ist jedoch ein rundlicher Querschnitt vorzuziehen. Für die Transportzwecke ist der Nutenquerschnitt vorzugsweise rechteckig und zwar doppelt so breit wie tief, so daß sich beim Versetzen der Mauersteine quadratische Kanäle ergeben.The groove cross section is arbitrary in terms of the thermal insulation function. However, a rounded cross-section is preferable as a ventilation or installation duct. For transport purposes, the groove cross-section is preferably rectangular, namely twice as wide as it is deep, so that square channels result when the bricks are moved.

Es ist ferner zweckmäßig, die Längsnuten bezogen auf die Steinbreite außermittig anzuordnen, und zwar näher an der Gebäudeaußenseite, um so die Isolierzone weiter nach außen zu verlagern. Bei Ziegeln oder anderen verhältnismäßig weichen Mauersteinen empfiehlt es sich, mit der Breite der Längsnuten nicht über 30 % der gesamten Steinbreite hinauszugehen. Praktisch anzustrebende Werte liegen bei 15 % bis 30 % der Steinbreite.It is also expedient to arrange the longitudinal grooves eccentrically with respect to the stone width, closer to the outside of the building, so as to move the insulation zone further outwards. In the case of bricks or other relatively soft bricks, it is recommended that the width of the longitudinal grooves does not exceed 30% of the total stone width. Practically desirable values are 15% to 30% of the stone width.

Durch den horizontal verlaufenden, mit Luft gefüllten Längskanal wird nicht nur der Wärmestrom von innen nach außen unterbrochen, sondern auch in Verbindung mit der vertikalen Lochanordnung im Ziegel eine über die gesamte Wandfläche zumindest geschoßhohe vertikale Luftschicht gebildet, weil die feinen vertikalen Kanäle im Ziegel - im Nutbereich - nicht durch Kleber oder Mörtel verstopft sind. Somit kann ähnlich wie bei der zweischaligen Bauweise ein geschoß- oder sogar gebäudehoher Luftaustausch stattfinden, sofern der Deckenbereich entsprechend ausgebildet ist.The horizontal, air-filled longitudinal duct not only interrupts the heat flow from the inside out, but also, in conjunction with the vertical hole arrangement in the brick, forms a vertical air layer at least floor-high over the entire wall surface, because the fine vertical ducts in the brick - in Groove area - are not blocked by glue or mortar. Thus, similar to the double-shell construction, a floor or even building-high air exchange can take place if the ceiling area is designed accordingly.

Andererseits können die Längsnuten aber auch mit einem gegenüber dem Baustein selbst unterschiedlichen Werkstoff ausgefüllt sein. Zur besseren Wärmedämmung empfiehlt sich hier ein Dämmstoff wie etwa Styropor oder ein faseriger Werkstoff. Die Füllung der Längsnuten kann sowohl in Höhenrichtung als auch, bei mehreren nebeneinanderliegenden Nuten, in Querrichtung abwechseln.On the other hand, the longitudinal grooves can also be filled with a different material than the module itself. For better thermal insulation, an insulating material such as polystyrene or a fibrous material is recommended. The filling of the longitudinal grooves can alternate both in the vertical direction and, in the case of several adjacent grooves, in the transverse direction.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung von vier im Verband versetzten Ziegeln,
Fig. 2 bis 5
schematische Querschnitte von verschiedenen Niedrigenergie-Ziegeln im Maßstab 1:5, wobei an jeder Lagerfläche eine Rechtecknut vorgesehen ist, und
Fig. 6 bis 8
Teilquerschnitte von je zwei aufeinandergesetzten Mauersteinen mit anderen Nutformen.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. Show in detail
Fig. 1
a perspective view of four bricks staggered in the bond,
2 to 5
schematic cross sections of various low-energy bricks on a scale of 1: 5, with a rectangular groove being provided on each bearing surface, and
6 to 8
Partial cross sections of two stacked bricks with different groove shapes.

Die vier in Fig. 1 dargestellten Mauerziegel 1 - 4 sind im Halbverband in zwei Lagen versetzt. Zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung ist die sogenannte Rhombuslochung nicht gezeigt. Darunter wird eine Vielzahl querschnittlich rhombusförmiger Vertikalkanäle (Hochlöcher) verstanden. An den Stoßflächen sind zum mörtelfreien Stoßen je sechs Nuten 5 und Federn 6 angeordnet. Das wesentliche Merkmal dieser Steine ist jedoch je eine rechteckige Längsnut an der Ober- und Unterseite. Diese Längsnuten liegen genau übereinander, so daß die obere Nut des jeweiligen unteren Steins mit der unteren Nut des darübergesetzten Steins einen Längskanal 7 bildet, der eine höhere Wärmedämmung des Mauerwerks ergibt und vor allem als Installationskanal verwendet werden kann.The four masonry tiles 1-4 shown in Fig. 1 are offset in two layers in the semi-structure. To simplify the illustration, the so-called rhombic perforation is not shown. This means a multitude of cross-sectionally rhombic vertical channels (upholes). Six grooves 5 and 6 springs are arranged on the abutting surfaces for mortar-free abutting. The essential feature of these stones, however, is a rectangular longitudinal groove on the top and bottom. These longitudinal grooves lie exactly one above the other, so that the upper groove of the respective lower stone forms a longitudinal channel 7 with the lower groove of the stone above it, which results in a higher thermal insulation of the masonry and can be used above all as an installation channel.

In den Figuren 2 bis 5 sind ähnliche Querschnittsbeispiele solcher Mauersteine dargestellt. Zur Orientierung sind in Fig. 2 die Seitenflächen mit 8 und die Lagerflächen mit 9 bezeichnet. Die Längsnuten 10 und 11 sind in diesen Beispielen doppelt so breit wie tief. Diese Darstellungen im Maßstab 1:5 zeigen in den Figuren 2 und 3 Mauersteine von 300 mm Breite und in den Figuren 4 und 5 solche von 365 mm Breite und jeweils 238 mm Höhe.Similar cross-sectional examples of such bricks are shown in FIGS. For orientation purposes, the side surfaces are designated 8 in FIG. 2 and the bearing surfaces 9. The longitudinal grooves 10 and 11 are in these Examples twice as wide as deep. These representations on a scale of 1: 5 show bricks with a width of 300 mm in FIGS. 2 and 3 and those with a width of 365 mm and a height of 238 mm in FIGS. 4 and 5.

Die Steine nach Fig. 6 haben ausgerundete Längsnuten, die sich zu einem querschnittlich linsenförmigen Längskanal 12 ergänzen. Gemäß Fig. 7 sind zwei quadratische Längskanäle 13 und 14 nebeneinander angeordnet, wobei der Abstand zwischen den Kanälen und die Abstände vom Kanal zur Seitenfläche untereinander gleich sind. In dem Beispiel nach Fig. 8 haben die Mauersteine mittig angeordnete breite und niedrige Längsnuten, die sich zu einem flachrechteckigen Längskanal 15 ergänzen.

  • 1 Mauerziegel
  • 2 Mauerziegel
  • 3 Mauerziegel
  • 4 Mauerziegel
  • 5 Nut
  • 6 Feder
  • 7 Längskanal
  • 8 Seitenfläche
  • 9 Lagerfläche
  • 10 Längsnut
  • 11 Längsnut
  • 12 Längsnut
  • 13 Längsnut
  • 14 Längsnut
  • 15 Längsnut
6 have rounded longitudinal grooves which complement one another to form a cross-sectionally lenticular longitudinal channel 12. According to FIG. 7, two square longitudinal channels 13 and 14 are arranged next to one another, the distance between the channels and the distances from the channel to the side surface being equal to one another. In the example according to FIG. 8, the bricks have wide and low longitudinal grooves arranged in the center, which complement each other to form a flat rectangular longitudinal channel 15.
  • 1 brick
  • 2 bricks
  • 3 masonry bricks
  • 4 masonry bricks
  • 5 groove
  • 6 spring
  • 7 longitudinal channel
  • 8 side surface
  • 9 storage space
  • 10 longitudinal groove
  • 11 longitudinal groove
  • 12 longitudinal groove
  • 13 longitudinal groove
  • 14 longitudinal groove
  • 15 longitudinal groove

Claims (5)

  1. Vertically perforated brick with a plurality of fine channels passing through the height of the brick and with vertical grooves and tongues on the contact surfaces for mortar-free joining, characterised in that at least one longitudinal groove (10, 11) is provided on both horizontal surfaces (9) in laid position at equal distances from the longitudinal edges, whereby in conjunction with the fine channels in the region of the mortar-free longitudinal groove a vertical layer of air is formed passing through the entire wall surface.
  2. Vertically perforated brick according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal grooves (10, 11) have a rectangular cross section.
  3. Vertically perforated brick according to claim 2, characterised in that the longitudinal grooves (10, 11) are twice as wide as they are deep.
  4. Vertically perforated brick according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal grooves (10,11) are arranged off-centre, preferably closer to the outside surface.
  5. Vertically perforated brick according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal grooves (10,11) are filled with a insulating material.
EP92111652A 1991-07-11 1992-07-09 Building-block Expired - Lifetime EP0522549B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4122917 1991-07-11
DE4122917A DE4122917A1 (en) 1991-07-11 1991-07-11 WALLSTONE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0522549A1 EP0522549A1 (en) 1993-01-13
EP0522549B1 true EP0522549B1 (en) 1996-09-25

Family

ID=6435886

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92111652A Expired - Lifetime EP0522549B1 (en) 1991-07-11 1992-07-09 Building-block

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0522549B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE143442T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4122917A1 (en)
HU (1) HU215378B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9921398D0 (en) * 1999-09-11 1999-11-10 Kennedy Cyril J Construction block
AT6560U3 (en) * 2003-04-30 2004-04-26 Liane Dipl Ing Liszt SOLID BRICK
CN1301358C (en) * 2005-04-16 2007-02-21 王禄德 Safety energy-saving reinforcing bar wall structural system and its construction method
DE102015121728A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-14 Hagemeister GmbH & Co. KG, Ziegelwerk Masonry Association for energy production

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696576A (en) * 1968-09-20 1972-10-10 Eurofina Investimentos E Estud Method for the construction of brick walls
US4295313A (en) * 1979-12-10 1981-10-20 Rassias John N Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same
US4319440A (en) * 1979-10-11 1982-03-16 Rassias John N Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same
EP0135972A2 (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-04-03 Kalkzandsteenfabriek Roelfsema B.V. Wall
WO1990013716A1 (en) * 1989-05-05 1990-11-15 Curtin University Of Technology Improved masonry block

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7213781U (en) * 1973-08-30 Sator W Shaped stone, especially for building construction
CH186188A (en) * 1934-05-10 1936-09-15 Lincoln Reuben Hollow brick.
CH252312A (en) * 1945-07-02 1947-12-31 Matti Regis Concrete brick.
FR2190998B1 (en) * 1972-07-03 1974-10-25 Monnier Jacques
DE2626859A1 (en) * 1976-06-16 1977-12-29 Paulus Masonry brick for accommodating pipes and cables - has groove pattern in one face for making straight or staggered courses
DE3338130A1 (en) * 1983-09-28 1985-04-11 Hartmut 2201 Seestermühe Grotjan Building element, in particular building block

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696576A (en) * 1968-09-20 1972-10-10 Eurofina Investimentos E Estud Method for the construction of brick walls
US4319440A (en) * 1979-10-11 1982-03-16 Rassias John N Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same
US4295313A (en) * 1979-12-10 1981-10-20 Rassias John N Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same
EP0135972A2 (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-04-03 Kalkzandsteenfabriek Roelfsema B.V. Wall
WO1990013716A1 (en) * 1989-05-05 1990-11-15 Curtin University Of Technology Improved masonry block

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU215378B (en) 1998-12-28
ATE143442T1 (en) 1996-10-15
DE59207227D1 (en) 1996-10-31
HUT64789A (en) 1994-02-28
EP0522549A1 (en) 1993-01-13
DE4122917A1 (en) 1993-01-14
HU9202286D0 (en) 1992-10-28

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