EP0522309A1 - Process for the manufacture of fiberboard from pellets of wood particles and isocyanate as binder - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of fiberboard from pellets of wood particles and isocyanate as binder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0522309A1 EP0522309A1 EP92109999A EP92109999A EP0522309A1 EP 0522309 A1 EP0522309 A1 EP 0522309A1 EP 92109999 A EP92109999 A EP 92109999A EP 92109999 A EP92109999 A EP 92109999A EP 0522309 A1 EP0522309 A1 EP 0522309A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- isocyanate
- fibers
- dryer
- sprayed
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of fiberboard from lumpy wood particles and isocyanate as a binder, the wood particles being heated under water vapor overpressure and thereby being broken down into fibers, and the fibers being transferred to a dryer by means of a blowing process with expansion and being dried there. This is followed by the usual shaping into mats and the corresponding further treatment until the finished fiberboard is produced.
- the fiberboard in question is medium-density fiberboard, in which wood chips and cheap wood assortments can be used as wood particles in order to make better use of wood.
- fiberboard is comparable to wood chipboard, but it has a uniform density and structural fineness over the entire thickness of the board. In addition, they have a smooth, closed surface, which enables perfect processing and a large number of finishing techniques.
- the wood particles are boiled in a cooker under excess steam pressure and transferred to a conditioner in which the wood particles are broken down into hot and wet fibers.
- the hot and wet fibers pass from the conditioner into a separator via a blowing device having a blowing passage.
- the cooker, the conditioner and the blow passage are under pressure, for example 8 bar.
- the temperatures of the hot fibers are in the order of 150 to 160 ° C.
- At the end of the blow to the separator there is a pressure release, an expansion, since the separator is under normal pressure.
- the isocyanate is added as a binder in the area of the blow passage, that is to say in an area where there is overpressure.
- the isocyanate is applied to the hot and wet fibers before expansion.
- a swirling and homogeneous distribution of the isocyanate on the hot and wet fibers advantageously takes place in the blowing aisle, so that clumping is avoided.
- Glue stains in the finished fiberboard are also advantageously avoided.
- the addition of the isocyanate binder in the blow duct to the hot and wet fibers leads to a pre-hardening of the isocyanate, so that there is a risk of caking on the inner periphery of the blow duct tube and the blow duct becoming overgrown. This significantly disrupts continuous operation and requires stoppages to clean the blowing aisle.
- the invention has for its object to provide a process for the production of fiberboard glued with isocyanate of the type described in the introduction, in which there is neither the risk of glue staining nor a noteworthy pre-curing of the isocyanate.
- this is achieved in that the isocyanate is sprayed onto the fibers after leaving the blowing passage and before drying. Surprisingly, this prevents the formation of lumps in the fiber material and the formation of glue spots on the finished fiberboard, although the isocyanate in the production process takes place at an even earlier point in time than in the known mixture addition after drying.
- the expansion that occurs at the end of the blowing process and the pressure and temperature loss of the fibers that occurs in a clever manner are used in order to no longer apply the isocyanate in the blowing process to the hot and wet fibers, but to the comparatively colder and drier fibers.
- the temperature reduction of the fibers results from the evaporation of water during expansion.
- the fibers When the isocyanate is applied, the fibers are in a state of increased movement at considerable speed, so that a finely divided application is possible and clump formation is counteracted from the outset. In addition, however, the further movement of the fibers mixed with the binder in intermediate conveyor systems, but especially in the dryer, is used to complete the uniform and fine distribution of the binder on the fibers. Pre-curing of the isocyanate is advantageously avoided, not only because the isocyanate is applied to comparatively colder and drier fibers, but also because because, as tests have shown, the temperature increase in the dryer and the very short residence time of the fibers do not lead to any noteworthy pre-curing.
- the isocyanate is sprayed onto the fibers, which are in particular under normal pressure, that is to say after the expansion has taken place. At this point, the temperature reduction on the fibers caused by the evaporation of the water has had a full effect, so that the sprayed isocyanate is no longer heated to such temperature ranges as is the case when it is added in the blow passage.
- the isocyanate can be sprayed on immediately after the end of the blowing cycle and during the expansion phase. A location for spraying or spraying on the isocyanate is thus selected at which the fibers have particularly high speeds.
- the static pressure in the cooker, conditioner and in the blow aisle is reduced and converted into dynamic pressure. This advantageously results in very short contact times between the isocyanate squeezed out of the nozzles and the fibers flying past at high speed. It is also possible for the isocyanate to be sprayed on at the point of the highest flow rate of the fibers.
- the isocyanate is not sprayed on, as in the prior art, either in the blow or after drying, but between these two points at the most suitable position.
- a first preferred location is immediately after the end of the blow if there is a separator between the end of the blow and the start of drying to relieve the dryer of part of the water vapor.
- Another possibility is to connect the blowing passage directly to the dryer and then to feed the isocyanate in the dryer. This happens especially at the beginning of the dryer in order to take advantage of the movement of the fibers in the dryer for further distribution.
- the isocyanate is expediently sprayed on using a high pressure in the isocyanate. This includes pressures up to or in the order of 20 bar.
- FIG. 1 a cooker 1 and a conditioner 2 is shown schematically.
- a blow passage 3 leads from the conditioner 2 to a separator 4.
- the separator 4 does not have one cell lock shown downstream of a conveyor 5.
- the lumpy wood particles reach the pressurized cooker 1 by means of a corresponding introduction device.
- steam is introduced into the cooker 1 according to arrow 10 under pressure.
- the wood particles are softened in the cooker 1 and are then transferred to the conditioner 2.
- the conditioner 2 can be provided with grinding disks or the like to enable the wood particles to be broken down into fine fibers.
- the cooker 1, the conditioner 2 and the blow passage 3 are under positive pressure.
- the blowing passage 3 ends in the separator 4, an expansion to normal pressure taking place at the end of the blowing passage 3, since ambient pressure prevails in the separator. Expansion causes water to evaporate. This water vapor is separated in the separator 4 and can be returned to the cooker 1 according to arrow 10.
- the fibers With the evaporation of water, the fibers are cooled and the isocyanate is sprayed on according to arrow 11 in the separator 4 after the end of the blowing cycle 3, that is to say under normal pressure and at a reduced temperature of the fibers. However, the fibers are still in motion here, so that the finely divided spraying of the isocyanate is possible.
- Via a conveyor 5 or directly from the separator 4 the fibers mixed with the isocyanate enter the dryer 6, in which further water vapor is separated.
- the temperature of the fibers is increased by the supply of hot air, the passage of the fibers through the dryer 6 is only comparatively short, so that any noteworthy precuring of the isocyanate is avoided.
- the separator 8 the fibers and the drying air are separated from one another, and the fibers glued with isocyanate can, according to arrow 12, be fed directly to further processing into fiberboard, in particular the mat spreading machine.
- the blow passage 3 is connected directly to the dryer 6.
- a separator 4 thus ceases to exist.
- the isocyanate as a binder is applied here in the region of the dryer 6 according to arrow 13, that is also after the end of the blowing aisle 3 and before the end of the dryer 6.
- the task can be carried out by spraying, in particular at the beginning of the dryer 6.
- FIG. 3 shows a somewhat more concrete representation of a detail of the system according to FIG. 2.
- the blow passage 3 ends here in a distribution head 14 within a riser pipe of the dryer 6.
- the fan 7 is accommodated in a suction housing, which also has a heating register 15.
- a line 16 for the isocyanate ends in an annular nozzle arrangement 17, which is positioned relative to the distribution head 14 in the riser of the dryer 6, in such a way that the isocyanate is applied to the fibers emerging from the distribution head 14 with high kinetic energy.
- the length of the riser of the dryer 6 is used in order to achieve a uniform distribution of the isocyanate due to the turbulence that occurs and to avoid the glue stains.
- the water vapor and the hot air of the dryer are separated in the separators 8.
- the fibers glued with isocyanate are discharged via rotary locks and fed to the further shaping stations for the fiberboard, which are not shown here.
- FIG. 4 shows a detail when the isocyanate is sprayed in after the end of the blowing passage 3.
- the end of the blowing passage 3 protrudes into the wall of a separator 4.
- Of this wall of the separator 4 are also several over the scope of Axle 18 of the blow duct 3 is held in a distributed manner with nozzle holders 19 which are arranged in the interior of the separator 4 above.
- nozzles 20 are arranged so as to be displaceable and lockable, with the aid of which the isocyanate is sprayed onto the expanding cone of the fibers emerging freely from the end of the blowing passage 3.
- the spraying can also take place in the initial region of a dryer 6, as is illustrated in FIG. 3.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserplatten aus stückigen Holzpartikeln und Isocyanat als Bindemittel, wobei die Holzpartikel unter Wasserdampfüberdruck aufgeheizt und dabei zu Fasern zerkleinert werden und die Fasern mittels eines Blasgangs unter Expansion in einen Trockner überführt und dort getrocknet werden. Es schließt sich dann die übliche Formgebung zu Matten und die entsprechende Weiterbehandlung an, bis die fertigen Faserplatten entstehen. Bei den in Rede stehenden Faserplatten handelt es sich um mitteldichte Faserplatten, bei denen als Holzpartikel Hackschnitzel und auch billige Holzsortimente eingesetzt werden können, um den Werkstoff Holz besser auszunutzen. Faserplatten sind hinsichtlich ihrer mechanischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften an sich mit Holzspanplatten vergleichbar, sie weisen jedoch eine gleichmäßige Dichte und Strukturfeinheit über die ganze Dicke der Platte auf. Darüberhinaus besitzen sie eine glatte, geschlossene Oberfläche, die eine einwandfreie Bearbeitung und eine große Zahl von Veredlungstechniken ermöglicht.The invention relates to a process for the production of fiberboard from lumpy wood particles and isocyanate as a binder, the wood particles being heated under water vapor overpressure and thereby being broken down into fibers, and the fibers being transferred to a dryer by means of a blowing process with expansion and being dried there. This is followed by the usual shaping into mats and the corresponding further treatment until the finished fiberboard is produced. The fiberboard in question is medium-density fiberboard, in which wood chips and cheap wood assortments can be used as wood particles in order to make better use of wood. In terms of their mechanical and physical properties, fiberboard is comparable to wood chipboard, but it has a uniform density and structural fineness over the entire thickness of the board. In addition, they have a smooth, closed surface, which enables perfect processing and a large number of finishing techniques.
Aus der EP-PS 92 699 ist ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art bekannt. Die Holzpartikel werden in einem Kocher unter Wasserdampfüberdruck gekocht und in einen Aufbereiter überführt, in welchem die Holzpartikel zu heißen und nassen Fasern zerkleinert werden. Die heißen und nassen Fasern gelangen aus dem Aufbereiter über eine einen Blasgang aufweisende Blasvorrichtung in einen Abscheider. Der Kocher, der Aufbereiter und der Blasgang stehen unter Druck, beispielsweise 8 bar. Die Temperaturen der heißen Fasern liegen in der Größenordnung von 150 bis 160°C. Am Ende des Blasgang zum Abscheider findet eine Druckentspannung statt, also eine Expansion, da der Abscheider unter Normaldruck steht. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren wird das Isocyanat als Bindemittel im Bereich des Blasgangs zugegeben, also in einem Bereich, in dem Überdruck herrscht. Die Aufgabe des Isocyanats erfolgt auf die heißen und nassen Fasern vor der Expansion. Im Blasgang findet vorteilhaft eine Verwirbelung und homogene Verteilung des Isocyanats auf den heißen und nassen Fasern statt, so daß eine Klumpenbildung vermieden wird. Vorteilhaft werden damit auch Leimflecken in der fertigen Faserplatte vermieden. Die Zugabe des Bindemittels Isocyanat im Blasgang auf die heißen und nassen Fasern führt jedoch zu einer Voraushärtung des Isocyanats, so daß die Gefahr besteht, daß sich am inneren Umfang des Rohrs des Blasgang Anbackungen ergeben und der Blasgang zuwächst. Dies stört einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb erheblich und erfordert Betriebsunterbrechungen zur Reinigung des Blasgangs.From EP-PS 92 699 a method of the type described in the opening paragraph is known. The wood particles are boiled in a cooker under excess steam pressure and transferred to a conditioner in which the wood particles are broken down into hot and wet fibers. The hot and wet fibers pass from the conditioner into a separator via a blowing device having a blowing passage. The cooker, the conditioner and the blow passage are under pressure, for example 8 bar. The temperatures of the hot fibers are in the order of 150 to 160 ° C. At the end of the blow to the separator, there is a pressure release, an expansion, since the separator is under normal pressure. In the known method, the isocyanate is added as a binder in the area of the blow passage, that is to say in an area where there is overpressure. The isocyanate is applied to the hot and wet fibers before expansion. A swirling and homogeneous distribution of the isocyanate on the hot and wet fibers advantageously takes place in the blowing aisle, so that clumping is avoided. Glue stains in the finished fiberboard are also advantageously avoided. However, the addition of the isocyanate binder in the blow duct to the hot and wet fibers leads to a pre-hardening of the isocyanate, so that there is a risk of caking on the inner periphery of the blow duct tube and the blow duct becoming overgrown. This significantly disrupts continuous operation and requires stoppages to clean the blowing aisle.
Aus "Tendenzen der MDF-Plattenerzeugung" in der Zeitschrift 'Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff' 36 (1978), S. 379 bis 382, ist es bekannt, das Bindemittel am Ausgang des Trockners hinzuzufügen. Das Bindemittel gelangt dabei auf die infolge des Trocknungsvorgangs ebenfalls aufgeheizten Fasern. Es wird mit Hilfe von in der Spanplattenindustrie üblichen Beleimungsmischern auf die dünnen, heißen Fasern aufgebracht. Das Bindemittel wird dabei zwar unter Normaldruck auf die heißen Fasern aufgebracht, jedoch bestehen auch hier Probleme der Voraushärtung, denen durch die Verwendung großvolumiger Zwischenbunker entgegengewirkt wird. Eines der Hauptprobleme, die sich bei dieser konventionellen Faserbeleimung mit vorkondensierten Harnstoffharzen ergeben, ist die Bildung von Leimflecken, weil es offensichtlich trotz eines intensiven Mischvorgangs nicht gelingt, das Bindemittel gleichmäßig und in der erforderlichen feinen Verteilung auf die Fasern aufzubringen. Außerdem erfordert ein intensives Mischen und gar die Verwendung von großvolumigen Zwischenbunkern erhebliche Zeiträume, die der Vermeidung einer Voraushärtung des Bindemittels nicht förderlich sind.From "Trends in MDF board production" in the magazine 'Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff' 36 (1978), pp. 379 to 382, it is known to add the binder at the outlet of the dryer. The binder reaches the fibers, which are also heated as a result of the drying process. It is applied to the thin, hot fibers using glue mixers common in the particle board industry. The binder is applied to the hot fibers under normal pressure, but there are also problems with pre-curing here, which are counteracted by the use of large-volume intermediate bunkers. One of the main problems that arise with this conventional fiber gluing with precondensed urea resins is the formation of glue spots because, despite an intensive mixing process, it is obviously not possible to apply the binder evenly and in the required fine distribution to the fibers. In addition, intensive mixing and even the use of large-volume intermediate bunkers is required considerable periods of time that are not conducive to avoiding pre-curing of the binder.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Isocyanat verleimten Faserplatten der eingangs beschriebenen Art bereitzustellen, bei dem weder die Gefahr der Leimfleckenbildung besteht noch eine nennenswerte Voraushärtung des Isocyanats stattfindet.The invention has for its object to provide a process for the production of fiberboard glued with isocyanate of the type described in the introduction, in which there is neither the risk of glue staining nor a noteworthy pre-curing of the isocyanate.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß das Isocyanat auf die Fasern nach dem Verlassen des Blasgangs und vor dem Trocknen aufgesprüht wird. Überraschenderweise wird damit eine Klumpenbildung im Fasermaterial und das Entstehen von Leimflecken an der fertigen Faserplatte vermieden, obwohl das Isocyanat im Herstellverfahren zu einem noch früheren Zeitpunkt als bei der bekannten Mischzugabe nach dem Trocknen erfolgt. Es wird jedoch in geschickter Weise die am Ende des Blasgangs erfolgende Expansion und der dabei eintretende Druck- und Temperaturverlust der Fasern genutzt, um das Isocyanat nicht mehr im Blasgang auf die heißen und nassen Fasern, sondern auf die vergleichsweise kälteren und trockeneren Fasern aufzubringen. Die Temperaturerniedrigung der Fasern ergibt sich entsprechend der Verdampfung von Wasser bei der Expansion. Die Fasern befinden sich im Zeitpunkt des Aufbringens des Isocyanats in einem Zustand erhöhter Bewegung mit erheblicher Geschwindigkeit, so daß eine fein verteilte Aufbringung möglich ist und einer Klumpenbildung von vornherein entgegengewirkt wird. Darüberhinaus jedoch wird auch die weitere Bewegung der mit dem Bindemittel versetzten Fasern in zwischengeschalteten Förderanlagen, insbesondere jedoch im Trockner, dazu benutzt, um die gleichmäßige und feine Verteilung des Bindemittels auf den Fasern zu vervollständigen. Eine Voraushärtung des Isocyanats wird vorteilhaft vermieden, und zwar nicht nur deshalb, weil das Isocyanat auf vergleichsweise kältere und trockenere Fasern aufgebracht wird, sondern auch deshalb, weil, wie Versuche ergeben haben, die Temperaturerhöhung im Trockner und die dabei vorhandene, sehr geringe Verweilzeit der Fasern nicht zu einer nennenswerten Voraushärtung führen. Wesentlich ist dabei, daß großvolumige Zwischenbunker und die vergleichsweise lange Verweilzeit in einem dem Trockner nachgeschalteten Zwangsmischer vermieden werden, so daß die beleimten Fasern nach dem Trocknen unmittelbar der Weiterverarbeitung zu Faserplatten zugeführt werden können. Damit ergibt sich nicht nur die Möglichkeit, von Leimflecken freie Faserplatten herstellen zu können, sondern die Durchlaufzeit und vor allen Dingen die wesentliche Kontaktzeit zwischen Isocyanat und Fasern wird gegenüber beiden im Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren verkürzt.According to the invention this is achieved in that the isocyanate is sprayed onto the fibers after leaving the blowing passage and before drying. Surprisingly, this prevents the formation of lumps in the fiber material and the formation of glue spots on the finished fiberboard, although the isocyanate in the production process takes place at an even earlier point in time than in the known mixture addition after drying. However, the expansion that occurs at the end of the blowing process and the pressure and temperature loss of the fibers that occurs in a clever manner are used in order to no longer apply the isocyanate in the blowing process to the hot and wet fibers, but to the comparatively colder and drier fibers. The temperature reduction of the fibers results from the evaporation of water during expansion. When the isocyanate is applied, the fibers are in a state of increased movement at considerable speed, so that a finely divided application is possible and clump formation is counteracted from the outset. In addition, however, the further movement of the fibers mixed with the binder in intermediate conveyor systems, but especially in the dryer, is used to complete the uniform and fine distribution of the binder on the fibers. Pre-curing of the isocyanate is advantageously avoided, not only because the isocyanate is applied to comparatively colder and drier fibers, but also because because, as tests have shown, the temperature increase in the dryer and the very short residence time of the fibers do not lead to any noteworthy pre-curing. It is essential that large-volume intermediate bunkers and the comparatively long dwell time in a compulsory mixer downstream of the dryer are avoided, so that the glued fibers can be fed directly to further processing to fiberboard after drying. This not only results in the possibility of being able to produce fiber boards free of glue stains, but also the throughput time and, above all, the essential contact time between isocyanate and fibers is shortened compared to both methods known in the prior art.
Das Aufsprühen des Isocyanats erfolgt auf die insbesondere unter Normaldruck stehenden Fasern, also, nachdem die Expansion stattgefunden hat. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt hat sich die durch die Verdampfung des Wassers bewirkte Temperaturerniedrigung an den Fasern voll ausgewirkt, so daß das aufgesprühte Isocyanat jedenfalls nicht mehr in solche Temperaturbereiche erwärmt wird, wie dies bei der Zugabe im Blasgang der Fall ist.The isocyanate is sprayed onto the fibers, which are in particular under normal pressure, that is to say after the expansion has taken place. At this point, the temperature reduction on the fibers caused by the evaporation of the water has had a full effect, so that the sprayed isocyanate is no longer heated to such temperature ranges as is the case when it is added in the blow passage.
Das Aufsprühen des Isocyanats kann unmittelbar nach dem Ende des Blasgangs und während der Expansionsphase erfolgen. Damit wird eine Stelle für das Aufsprühen bzw. Aufdüsen des Isocyanats gewählt, an der besonders hohe Geschwindigkeiten der Fasern vorliegen. Der statische Druck im Kocher, Aufbereiter und im Blasgang ist gleichsam abgebaut und in dynamischen Druck umgewandelt. Damit ergeben sich vorteilhaft nur sehr kurze Kontaktzeiten zwischen dem aus den Düsen ausgepreßten Isocyanat und den mit hoher Geschwindigkeit vorbeifliegenden Fasern. Es ist auch möglich, daß das Aufsprühen des Isocyanats an der Stelle der höchsten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Fasern erfolgt.The isocyanate can be sprayed on immediately after the end of the blowing cycle and during the expansion phase. A location for spraying or spraying on the isocyanate is thus selected at which the fibers have particularly high speeds. The static pressure in the cooker, conditioner and in the blow aisle is reduced and converted into dynamic pressure. This advantageously results in very short contact times between the isocyanate squeezed out of the nozzles and the fibers flying past at high speed. It is also possible for the isocyanate to be sprayed on at the point of the highest flow rate of the fibers.
Das Aufsprühen des Isocyanats erfolgt nicht, wie im Stand der Technik entweder im Blasgang oder nach dem Trocknen, sondern zwischen diesen beiden Stellen an möglichst geeigneter Position. Eine erste bevorzugte Stelle ist unmittelbar nach dem Ende des Blasgangs, wenn zwischen dem Ende des Blasgangs und dem Beginn des Trocknens ein Abscheider vorgesehen ist, um den Trockner von einem Teil des Wasserdampfs zu entlasten. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, den Blasgang unmittelbar an den Trockner anzuschließen und dann das Isocyanat im Trockner zuzuführen. Dies geschieht insbesondere dann am Beginn des Trockners, um die Bewegung der Fasern im Trockner für die weitere Verteilung auszunutzen.The isocyanate is not sprayed on, as in the prior art, either in the blow or after drying, but between these two points at the most suitable position. A first preferred location is immediately after the end of the blow if there is a separator between the end of the blow and the start of drying to relieve the dryer of part of the water vapor. Another possibility is to connect the blowing passage directly to the dryer and then to feed the isocyanate in the dryer. This happens especially at the beginning of the dryer in order to take advantage of the movement of the fibers in the dryer for further distribution.
Das Aufsprühen des Isocyanats erfolgt zweckmäßig unter Anwendung eines hohen Drucks im Isocyanat. Darunter sind Drücke bis etwa zu bzw. in der Größenordnung von 20 bar zu verstehen.The isocyanate is expediently sprayed on using a high pressure in the isocyanate. This includes pressures up to or in the order of 20 bar.
Die Erfindung wird anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele weiter erläutert und beschrieben. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- eine schematische Darstellung der wesentlichen Teile einer Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens,
Figur 2- die wesentlichen Teile einer weiteren geeigneten Anlage für die Durchführung des Verfahrens,
Figur 3- eine Detailverdeutlichung der Anlage gemäß
Figur 2 und - Figur 4
- eine weitere Einzelheit durch Verdeutlichung des Aufsprühens des Isocyanats.
- Figure 1
- a schematic representation of the essential parts of a plant for performing the method,
- Figure 2
- the essential parts of another suitable system for carrying out the process,
- Figure 3
- a detailed illustration of the system according to Figure 2 and
- Figure 4
- another detail by clarifying the spraying of the isocyanate.
In Figur 1 ist schematisch ein Kocher 1 und ein Aufbereiter 2 dargestellt. Vom Aufbereiter 2 führt ein Blasgang 3 zu einem Abscheider 4. Dem Abscheider 4 ist über eine nicht dargestellte Zellenschleuse ein Förderer 5 nachgeschaltet. Weiterhin sind ein Trockner 6, der mit einem Gebläse 7 und einem Abscheidr 8 versehen ist, vorgesehen.In Figure 1, a
Die stückigen Holzpartikel gelangen gemäß Pfeil 9 vermittels einer entsprechenden Einführeinrichtung in den unter Druck stehenden Kocher 1. In den Kocher 1 wird gleichzeitig gemäß Pfeil 10 Wasserdampf unter Druck eingebracht. Im Kocher 1 erfolgt das Erweichen der Holzpartikel, die dann in den Aufbereiter 2 überführt werden. Der Aufbereiter 2 kann mit Mahlscheiben o. dgl. versehen sein, um den Aufschluß der Holzpartikel zu feinen Fasern zu ermöglichen. Der Kocher 1, der Aufbereiter 2 und der Blasgang 3 stehen unter Überdruck. Der Blasgang 3 endet in dem Abscheider 4, wobei am Ende des Blasgangs 3 eine Expansion auf Normaldruck stattfindet, da im Abscheider Umgebungsdruck herrscht. Durch die Expansion tritt eine Verdampfung von Wasser ein. Dieser Wasserdampf wird im Abscheider 4 abgeschieden und kann gemäß Pfeil 10 dem Kocher 1 wieder zugeführt werden. Mit der Verdampfung von Wasser werden die Fasern abgekühlt und es erfolgt das Aufsprühen des Isocyanats gemäß Pfeil 11 im Abscheider 4 nach dem Ende des Blasgangs 3, also unter Normaldruck und unter erniedrigter Temperatur der Fasern. Die Fasern sind jedoch hier noch in Bewegung, so daß das fein verteilte Aufdüsen des Isocyanats möglich ist. Über einen Förderer 5 oder auch direkt aus dem Abscheider 4 gelangen die mit dem Isocyanat vermischten Fasern in den Trockner 6, in welchem weiterer Wasserdampf abgeschieden wird. Zwar wird hier durch die Zufuhr von heißer Luft die Temperatur der Fasern erhöht, jedoch ist die Durchlaufheit der Fasern durch den Trockner 6 nur vergleichsweise kurz, so daß eine nennenswerte Vorhärtung des Isocyanats vermieden wird. Im Abscheider 8 werden die Fasern und die Trocknungsluft voneinander getrennt und die mit Isocyanat beleimten Fasern können gemäß Pfeil 12 unmittelbar der Weiterverarbeitung zu Faserplatten, insbesondere der Mattenstreumaschine, zugeführt werden.According to arrow 9, the lumpy wood particles reach the
Bei der in Figur 2 schematisch verdeutlichten Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist der Blasgang 3 direkt mit dem Trockner 6 verbunden. Ein Abscheider 4 kommt damit in Fortfall. Hierdurch wird zwar die Menge des im Abscheider 8 abzuscheidenden Wasserdampfs erhöht, die Durchlaufzeit der Fasern durch die Anlage wird jedoch noch einmal verkürzt. Das Isocyanat als Bindemittel wird hier gemäß Pfeil 13 im Bereich des Trockners 6 aufgegeben, also auch nach dem Ende des Blasgangs 3 und vor dem Ende des Trockners 6. Die Aufgabe kann durch Eindüsen insbesondere am Anfang des Trockners 6 erfolgen.In the system for carrying out the method, which is illustrated schematically in FIG. 2, the
Figur 3 zeigt eine etwas gegenständlichere Darstellung einer Einzelheit der Anlage gemäß Figur 2. Der Blasgang 3 endet hier in einem Verteilkopf 14 innerhalb einer Steigleitung des Trockners 6. Das Gebläse 7 ist in einem Ansauggehäuse untergebracht, welches auch ein Heizregister 15 aufweist. Eine Leitung 16 für das Isocyanat endet in einer Ringdüsenanordnung 17, die relativ zu dem Verteilkopf 14 in der Steigleitung des Trockners 6 positioniert ist, und zwar so, daß das Isocyanat auf die mit hoher Bewegungsenergie aus dem Verteilkopf 14 austretenden Fasern aufgebracht wird. Die Länge der Steigleitung des Trockners 6 wird dazu benutzt, um durch die auftretende Verwirbelung das Verteilen des Isocyanats in gleichmäßiger Weise und die Vermeidung der Leimflecken zu erreichen. In den Abscheidern 8 wird der Wasserdampf und die Heißluft des Trockners abgeschieden. Die mit Isocyanat beleimten Fasern werden über Zellenradschleusen ausgetragen und den weiteren Formgebungsstationen für die Faserplatten, die hier nicht dargestellt sind, zugeführt.FIG. 3 shows a somewhat more concrete representation of a detail of the system according to FIG. 2. The
Figur 4 zeigt eine Einzelheit beim Einsprühen des Isocyanats nach dem Ende des Blasgangs 3. Das Ende des Blasgangs 3 ragt in die Wandung eines Abscheiders 4 ein. Von dieser Wandung des Abscheiders 4 werden auch mehrere über den Umfang der Achse 18 des Blasgangs 3 verteilt angeordnete Düsenhalter 19 gehalten, die in den Innenraum des Abscheiders 4 vorstehend angeordnet sind. In den Düsenhaltern 19 sind Düsen 20 verschieb- und feststellbar angeordnet, mit deren Hilfe das Isocyanat auf den sich expandierenden Kegel der aus dem Ende des Blasgangs 3 frei austretenden Fasern aufgesprüht wird.FIG. 4 shows a detail when the isocyanate is sprayed in after the end of the
Anstelle des Einsprühens des Isocyanats in einem dem Ende des Blasgangs 3 nachgeordneten Abscheider 4 kann das Einsprühen auch im Anfangsbereich eines Trockners 6 erfolgen, wie dies anhand von Figur 3 verdeutlicht ist.Instead of spraying the isocyanate in a separator 4 arranged downstream of the end of the
- 11
- = Kocher= Stove
- 22nd
- = Aufbereiter= Conditioner
- 33rd
- = Blasgang= Blow aisle
- 44th
- = Abscheider= Separator
- 55
- = Förderer= Sponsor
- 66
- = Trockner= Dryer
- 77
- = Gebläse= Blower
- 88th
- = Abscheider= Separator
- 99
- = Pfeil= Arrow
- 1010th
- = Pfeil= Arrow
- 1111
- = Pfeil= Arrow
- 1212
- = Pfeil= Arrow
- 1313
- = Pfeil= Arrow
- 1414
- = Verteilkopf= Distribution head
- 1515
- = Heizregister= Heating register
- 1616
- = Leitung= Line
- 1717th
- = Ringdüsenanordnung= Ring nozzle arrangement
- 1818th
- = Achse= Axis
- 1919th
- = Düsenhalter= Nozzle holder
- 2020th
- = Düse= Nozzle
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4122842 | 1991-07-10 | ||
| DE4122842A DE4122842C2 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1991-07-10 | Process for the production of fiberboard from lumpy wood particles and isocyanate as a binder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0522309A1 true EP0522309A1 (en) | 1993-01-13 |
| EP0522309B1 EP0522309B1 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
Family
ID=6435837
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92109999A Expired - Lifetime EP0522309B1 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1992-06-13 | Process for the manufacture of fiberboard from pellets of wood particles and isocyanate as binder |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6197236B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0522309B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06509032A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE122954T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU653239B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2112569C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4122842C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0522309T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2074767T3 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ243475A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993001033A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA925127B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996034726A1 (en) * | 1995-05-03 | 1996-11-07 | Schenkmann & Piel Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for producing wood fibres |
| EP0745463A2 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-04 | Medite Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing blowline obstructions during production of cellulosic composites |
| WO1997028935A1 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1997-08-14 | Kramer Juergen | Method of producing particle or fibre boards |
| EP0826471A2 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-04 | Funder Industrie Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for the treatment of fibreboard wastes |
| US6368528B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2002-04-09 | Masonite Corporation | Method of making molded composite articles |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19506353A1 (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 1996-08-29 | Schenck Ag Carl | Method and device for wetting with a fluid |
| IL139932A0 (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 2002-02-10 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Method for producing medium density fibre panels |
| DE10247413B4 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2009-05-07 | Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plant for gluing fibers for the production of fiberboard, in particular MDF boards or the like wood-based panels |
| DE10356775A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-07-07 | Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method and installation for gluing fibers and a fiber-gluing device |
| DE102005038734A1 (en) † | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-22 | Michanickl, Andreas, Prof.Dr. | Multilayer wood material plate for e.g. furniture, has middle layer made of very light, porous and pressure resistant chipboard and cover layers made of very thin and firm fiberboard or laminar material with well closed surface |
| DE102007054123B4 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2012-03-15 | Edmone Roffael | Process for the production of fiberboard with reduced formaldehyde emission, high moisture resistance and hydrolysis resistance of the gluing |
| DE102008023007A1 (en) | 2007-11-11 | 2010-06-02 | Roffael, Edmone, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Method for producing moisture-resistant and hydrolysis-resistant medium density fiberboard from e.g. derived timber product, involves using chemicals for pulping, where chemicals partially or completely replace resin in gluing phase |
| UA114281C2 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2017-05-25 | Кроноплас Текнікел Аг | Method and apparatus for gluing wood particles |
| DE102015201464B4 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2016-10-20 | Brav-O-Tech Gmbh | Device and method for gluing particles |
| DE102015212798B4 (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2017-02-02 | Brav-O-Tech Gmbh | Apparatus and method for wetting particles |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2023659A1 (en) * | 1970-05-14 | 1971-11-25 | Holzwerk Becker Kg, 6728 Germersheim | Dried raw material treatment to impregnate with a sprayable binder |
| SU1021629A1 (en) * | 1981-12-29 | 1983-06-07 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Деревообрабатывающей Промышленности | Apparatus for gumming wooden fibres |
| AT378729B (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1985-09-25 | Baehre & Greten | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FIBER PANELS |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3371137A (en) * | 1968-02-27 | Defibrator Ab | Method in the manufacture of fiber board | |
| US4209433A (en) * | 1978-12-19 | 1980-06-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Method of bonding particle board and the like using polyisocyanate/phenolic adhesive |
| DE3143895C2 (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1985-01-17 | Triangel Spanplatten KG, 3177 Sassenburg | Method and device for applying glue to particulate material in the form of chips, fibers or the like. |
| US4407771A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-10-04 | The Celotex Corporation | Blow line addition of isocyanate binder in fiberboard manufacture |
| SE461962B (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1990-04-23 | Sunds Defibrator Ind Ab | SET AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING FIBER BOARD DISKS |
| US5093058A (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1992-03-03 | Medite Corporation | Apparatus and method of manufacturing synthetic boards |
-
1991
- 1991-07-10 DE DE4122842A patent/DE4122842C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-06-13 AT AT92109999T patent/ATE122954T1/en active
- 1992-06-13 DK DK92109999.0T patent/DK0522309T3/en active
- 1992-06-13 DE DE59202306T patent/DE59202306D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-13 EP EP92109999A patent/EP0522309B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-13 ES ES92109999T patent/ES2074767T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-30 AU AU21943/92A patent/AU653239B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-30 JP JP5501934A patent/JPH06509032A/en active Pending
- 1992-06-30 US US08/175,376 patent/US6197236B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-30 CA CA002112569A patent/CA2112569C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-30 WO PCT/EP1992/001467 patent/WO1993001033A1/en active Application Filing
- 1992-07-08 NZ NZ243475A patent/NZ243475A/en unknown
- 1992-07-09 ZA ZA925127A patent/ZA925127B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2023659A1 (en) * | 1970-05-14 | 1971-11-25 | Holzwerk Becker Kg, 6728 Germersheim | Dried raw material treatment to impregnate with a sprayable binder |
| SU1021629A1 (en) * | 1981-12-29 | 1983-06-07 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Деревообрабатывающей Промышленности | Apparatus for gumming wooden fibres |
| AT378729B (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1985-09-25 | Baehre & Greten | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FIBER PANELS |
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| Title |
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| SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED Week 8413, 9. Mai 1984 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 080276 & SU-A1-1 021 629 (WOODWORK IND RESIN) 7. Juni 1983 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996034726A1 (en) * | 1995-05-03 | 1996-11-07 | Schenkmann & Piel Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for producing wood fibres |
| EP0745463A2 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-04 | Medite Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing blowline obstructions during production of cellulosic composites |
| EP0745463A3 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1997-04-16 | Medite Corp | Method and apparatus for reducing blowline obstructions during production of cellulosic composites |
| WO1997028935A1 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1997-08-14 | Kramer Juergen | Method of producing particle or fibre boards |
| EP0826471A2 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-04 | Funder Industrie Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for the treatment of fibreboard wastes |
| EP0826471A3 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1999-06-02 | Funder Industrie Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for the treatment of fibreboard wastes |
| US6368528B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2002-04-09 | Masonite Corporation | Method of making molded composite articles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2074767T3 (en) | 1995-09-16 |
| AU2194392A (en) | 1993-02-11 |
| DE4122842C2 (en) | 1993-11-18 |
| AU653239B2 (en) | 1994-09-22 |
| ATE122954T1 (en) | 1995-06-15 |
| JPH06509032A (en) | 1994-10-13 |
| WO1993001033A1 (en) | 1993-01-21 |
| DK0522309T3 (en) | 1995-07-24 |
| EP0522309B1 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
| CA2112569A1 (en) | 1993-01-21 |
| CA2112569C (en) | 2003-09-30 |
| DE4122842A1 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
| US6197236B1 (en) | 2001-03-06 |
| NZ243475A (en) | 1993-11-25 |
| ZA925127B (en) | 1993-04-28 |
| DE59202306D1 (en) | 1995-06-29 |
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