EP1441884B1 - Method and device for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid - Google Patents

Method and device for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1441884B1
EP1441884B1 EP02802312A EP02802312A EP1441884B1 EP 1441884 B1 EP1441884 B1 EP 1441884B1 EP 02802312 A EP02802312 A EP 02802312A EP 02802312 A EP02802312 A EP 02802312A EP 1441884 B1 EP1441884 B1 EP 1441884B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
binder
fluid
wood
air
wood fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02802312A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1441884A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Dieter Kehrmann
Michael Himmelreich
Holger Reinecke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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Publication of EP1441884A1 publication Critical patent/EP1441884A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0227—Mixing the material with binding agent using rotating stirrers, e.g. the agent being fed through the shaft of the stirrer
    • B27N1/0254—Mixing the material with binding agent using rotating stirrers, e.g. the agent being fed through the shaft of the stirrer with means for spraying the agent on the material before it is introduced in the mixer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/12—Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing
    • Y10T156/13—Severing followed by associating with part from same source
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1303—Paper containing [e.g., paperboard, cardboard, fiberboard, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/249925—Fiber-containing wood product [e.g., hardboard, lumber, or wood board, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31986—Regenerated or modified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31989—Of wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid, in particular forlutebeleimen of wood fibers.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a fiberboard.
  • MDF Medium density fiberboard
  • HDF high density fiberboard
  • LDF very low density fiberboard
  • a pipeline the so-called blowpipe or the blowline, carries the mixture of steam, water and fibers from the refiner to the dryer.
  • the fibers In the blowline, the fibers have a very high speed in the range of 30 to 100 m / sec.
  • the sudden pressure drop at the outlet of the water vapor-water-fiber mixture from the blowline in the dryer supports the separation of the fibers.
  • Fiber agglomerates can be singulated so that the subsequent drying in a tubular dryer brings the fibers effectively in a few seconds to a fiber moisture content of about 10%, based on the dry mass.
  • Cyclones separate the dried fibers from the air stream and via conveyors they are fed to a separator for the separation of glue lumps, fiber agglomerates or entrained Anpackungen that dissolve from the inner wall of the riser and / or from the cyclones.
  • the dried fiber material thus treated passes to the forming line, where a low density fiber cake (20 to 30 kg / m 3 ) is formed.
  • a plate is formed in a press, which may have a thickness of 2 to 50 mm and a density of 60 to 1000 kg / m 3 .
  • the device comprises a digester and a downstream refiner, in which a mechanical defibration takes place in fine wood fibers. From the refiner emerges a mixture of steam, water and fibers and is passed through a blowpipe at high speed to a dryer.
  • the dryer is a directly heated, tubular dryer in which the end of the blowpipe is concentrically arranged.
  • a binder or a mixture of binder and additives is optionally supplied to the run of this mixture of steam, water and wood fibers, a binder or shortly before the end of the blow pipe.
  • binders an isocyanate binder can be used.
  • the dryer is followed by a cyclone in which the binder-wetted wood fibers can be deposited and fed to a Paserplattenher too.
  • the production technology known from the prior art described above provides for the supply of the binder to the mixture of water and wood fibers in the blowpipe, ie on the path of the fibers between the refiner outlet and the dryer inlet.
  • the binder is therefore exposed for a certain time to a high temperature of well over 100 ° C from the feeding to the fibers. This is significant in that the binder is to be cured in the press by the action of temperature.
  • Typical binders are condensation resins such as aminoplasts (urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine-formaldehyde resin (MUF) or mixtures thereof) and / or isocyanates (eg PMDI).
  • the reactivity of the resins must be adapted to the increased temperature requirements in the course of gluing and drying in that they react very slowly. This is reflected in the cure rate.
  • a board press of the same size for chipboard has a performance about 50% higher than that for MDF.
  • the high press factor for MDF is also affected by other parameters such as e.g. Heating, steam transport from the outside to the center of the plate, evaporation behavior at the end of the press, influenced. The main influence, however, is the slow reactivity of the binder.
  • the binder in the blowpipe is exposed to water, so that the usable binders are also limited in so far. Because various binders that are suitable for the production of fiberboard, are not or only partially used for contact with water. This is especially true for isocyanates. Although so-called encapsulated isocyanates are in use, which are suitable in principle for a Blowlinebeleimung, but a trouble-free driving over several days is not possible. In general, the blowpipe grows through water-reactive isocyanate and the system must be turned off for cleaning.
  • the water in the blowpipe has a low pH, which results from the upstream cooking of the wood chips.
  • Aminoplasts such as urea-formaldehyde resins (UF) and melamine-formaldehyde resins (MF) are acid-hardening, which leads to pre-curing already in the blowpipe.
  • JP-A-57113051 An alternative method of making a fiberboard is known from JP-A-57113051.
  • Holzhconcesel be cooked first.
  • the cooked wood chips are then mechanically shredded, during which time a binder is added.
  • the wood fibers are dried.
  • fiber boards are pressed from the mixture of wood fibers and binder.
  • Thermosetting binders are used as binders, which may be a urea resin or a phenolic resin.
  • the present invention is based on the technical problem of improving the wetting of wood fibers with a binder.
  • the method for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid according to claim 1 comprises the following steps.
  • the wood fibers are guided along a transport tube with a transport air flow to a guide tube, in which a conveying air flow is generated.
  • the binder fluid is supplied from the outside and distributed in the guide tube within the conveying air flow, whereby preferably a binder mist is formed.
  • the wood fibers are then conveyed in the conveying air stream together with the dispersed binder fluid and brought into contact therewith, so that the wood fibers are at least partially wetted with the binder fluid.
  • the conveying air flow exclusively serves to convey the wood fibers
  • the parameters of temperature, pressure and humidity of the conveying air flow can be set for optimum wetting of the wood fibers, in particular adapted to the properties of the binder fluid.
  • This has the advantage that more effectively the amount of binder fluid added to the wood fibers can be set very accurately.
  • This can in particular also take place with regard to the properties of the binder fluid, so that the proportion of the binder in the proportion by weight of the wood fibers compared to previous methods can be reduced.
  • the wood fibers are conveyed in the guide tube substantially vertically upwards, whereby deposits on side walls of the guide tube are reduced or even prevented.
  • an additive in the form of a fluid or in the form of a solid dispersed in a fluid may be added to the conveying air stream.
  • the wood fibers can thus be at least partially wetted in addition to the binder fluid with the additive. This makes it easy to add additives such as dyes, hardeners or agents for better fire resistance.
  • the method described above can be applied to a method for producing a fiberboard as follows.
  • the fiberboard is a medium density fiberboard (MDF), a high density fiberboard (HDF) or a low density fiberboard (LDF), which is at least a proportion of wood fibers and a proportion of binder.
  • MDF medium density fiberboard
  • HDF high density fiberboard
  • LDF low density fiberboard
  • wood is digested in a conventional manner in a digester under the action of temperature and pressure.
  • the excluded wood is mechanically shredded and the resulting mixture of water, water vapor and wood fibers is fed to a dryer with the aid of a blowpipe.
  • the wood fibers are at least partially separated and dried in the dryer.
  • the isolated and dried wood fibers produced in this way are then at least partially wetted with a binder fluid in the dry state with the aid of the process described above (dry gluing).
  • the method does not impose any special requirements on upstream or downstream production processes.
  • it can be applied to any type of application of a fluid to a fiber or to fine-particle air transportable material.
  • An upstream drying of the material is just as imperative as a further processing, eg plate forming after the application of the fluid.
  • the method is suitable to apply, for example, binders on mineral fibers (Steinwolledämmcommun), on glass fibers (Glasfaserdämmcommun) or on any kind of natural fibers (coconut, jute, hemp, sisal) for the production of insulation materials, molded fiber parts or the like, or in any synthetic way fibers.
  • finely divided material such as wood dust, dust from mineral-containing material (sands, quartz sand, marble dust, corundum) or the like can be wetted with fluid.
  • the method is suitable both as an independent device for applying a binder fluid on transportable wood fibers by means of an air flow, as well as for integration of this method in a manufacturing process for producing a fiberboard.
  • a fiberboard in particular medium-density fiberboard (MDF), high-density fibreboard (HDF) or low-density fiberboard (LDF), can be made up of at least a proportion of wood fibers and a proportion of binder.
  • the proportion of the binder may be less than 12 wt .-% based on the dry matter of the fiber content.
  • the proportion of the binder is less than 10 wt .-% based on the dry weight of the fiber content.
  • the proportion of the binder is less than 8 wt .-% based on the dry matter of the fiber content.
  • a fiberboard can be produced with a lower binder content than heretofore, which in addition to cost savings in the production also better environmental properties are achieved.
  • the binder may preferably be a urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF) or an isocyanate (PMDI).
  • UF urea-formaldehyde resin
  • MAF melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin
  • PMDI isocyanate
  • other binders which are suitable for making a fiberboard may also be used.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of how, for example, the device for wetting the wood fibers in an existing manufacturing process for the production of fibreboard can be integrated by the dry process.
  • the drying of the fibers in the tubular dryer 1 is carried out in a known manner to a required for the manufacturing process moisture of, for example, 10% based on the dry mass.
  • some of the binder and the additives may already be applied to the fibers in the usual way in the blowpipe.
  • additives are waxes and paraffins for swelling, agents for improved resistance to biological pests, Colorants for individual color design of the finished plate or other liquid, solid and pasty components to understand.
  • binders and additives in a known manner, but can also be completely dispensed with and it is the entire amount of binder and additives applied by the method according to the invention on the fibers.
  • the required moisture which should have the fibers after the dryer 1, may well deviate from the usual humidity (about 5 to 15%).
  • a fiber blower 3 takes over the fibers here and conveys them into a usually vertically arranged riser pipe 5, in which additional transport air is introduced by a fan 4.
  • the riser 5 by means of a plurality of nozzles in a mist zone 6, the wetting of the fibers with binder and other components such as e.g. Additives.
  • the wetted fibers then pass into a cyclone 7 and a coarse material separator 8 (classifier) and are then fed to the usual further processing 9 such as shaping of the fiber cake and pressing for plate forming.
  • Fig. 2 shows a performance example of a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the material 10 to be wetted is provided with a transport device 11 transferred into a pipe 16.
  • the mass flow of the material 10 can be determined via a weighing device 13.
  • a fan 14 conveys the material 10, mixed with additional transport air 15, via a transport line 16 in a generally vertical riser 17.
  • the amount of transport air 15 should be so large that a trouble-free transport of the material 10 to the riser 17 is guaranteed ,
  • the fan 14 also has the task to dissolve any existing agglomerates of the material.
  • a nozzle 18 can be located for the homogeneous distribution of the material 10 over the cross-sectional area of the riser 17, which can have special installations 19 for guiding current to better fulfill this task.
  • the transport speed of the material 10 in the transport line 16 is - to avoid deposits - by 20 m / sec and above.
  • An air blower 20 leads the riser 17 air 23 in sufficient quantity to promote the material 10 to.
  • air is meant not only air in the sense of ambient air, but any type of gases and mixtures thereof.
  • the air 23 may, if desired, be heated with a heating coil 41. It is also conceivable to bring the humidity of the air 23 with devices 40 for setting the same in a desired range. These devices 40 may for example consist of a water injection or a steam injection, if the absolute humidity is to be increased. To reduce the absolute humidity are cooling devices for the condensation of water vapor but just as conceivable.
  • the device 40 can understandably be arranged after the heating 41.
  • the air 23 supplied to the blower 20 may be ambient air or from some other process, e.g. from a combustion process, exhaust from a gas turbine, or exhaust from any other manufacturing process.
  • a mixture of different exhaust air streams is possible.
  • disturbances can be caused by solid and vapor contaminants, which lead to caking on the inner walls of the entire device and in particular in the air blower 20.
  • Built-in elements 22 are intended to accomplish or ensure distribution of the air 23 over the cross-sectional area of the riser 17, in order to set a flow profile which is favorable for carrying out the method. This may be homogeneous or have large differences between the edge and core regions.
  • the flow distribution does not necessarily have to be homogeneous. It may be necessary to arrange the distribution also in the flow direction behind the fixtures 22, such as e.g. the nozzle 18 and the internals 19, vote.
  • Fixtures 22 for guiding the air flow are also conceivable at other locations such as in the riser 17. But must in the case of an arrangement in areas in which fluid and / or material are already present, it is taken into account that soiling and / or wear of the installations 22 are possible, which impair the functioning of the device according to the invention.
  • the air 23 mixes with the material 10 and the transport air 15.
  • the speed in the riser 17 is selected depending on the aerodynamic properties of the material so that on the one hand a transport of the material 10 is made possible, but on the other hand agglomerates of the material can sink , For discharging these agglomerates devices 24 are present.
  • the discharged agglomerates 25 can be supplied to the material stream 10 of the transport device 11, depending on the condition. If necessary, the agglomerates 25 are dissolved in a processing plant 26.
  • the device 24 is shown here as a downwardly converging collecting cone, but any other embodiment is conceivable, such as e.g. a conveyor belt in the bottom region of the riser 17 or a Schneckenaustragsvorraum.
  • This consists of a plurality of nozzles 28, which distribute the fluid 30 as a fine fluid mist 29 over the cross-sectional area of the riser 17.
  • a pump 31 conveys the fluid 30 from a storage tank 32 to the nozzles 28.
  • nozzles 28 high-pressure nozzles have been proven by the airless principle, but also atomizers on all other principles are possible such. Air atomizing nozzles or rotary atomizers. High-pressure nozzles according to the airless principle and rotary atomizing require no additional medium such. Air to form the required spray 29.
  • the pump 31 supplies the fluid 30 to the nozzles 28.
  • the pressure depends on the rheological properties of the fluid 30 and the requirements of the fluid mist 29 with respect to the diameter of the individual fluid droplets.
  • such a device 33 is characterized in that the lines for the fluid 30 from the pump 31 to the fluid wetting unit 27 is at ground potential.
  • certain components may be made of a special material or have a special coating.
  • special materials are those considered, which are particularly suitable for the fan 14, the transport line 16, the nozzle 18 and the internals 19, and the fluid-carrying parts 27, 28, 31 and 32 due to the friction.
  • the fluid wetting unit 27 consists of a plurality of nozzles 28, which are mounted on the downstream side.
  • the wetted material with fluid 30 10 passes for the separation of air flow in a material separator 34 and is supplied to a further processing or storage 35.
  • the over-air 36 of the material separator 34 is either discharged to the environment as exhaust air 38 (possibly after exhaust air purification) or fed back to the process as return air 37.
  • the ratio of exhaust air 38 to the return air 37 is adjusted by means of the two control valves 39.
  • the cross sections of the transport line 16 and the riser 17 are preferably rotationally symmetrical, but any other cross-sectional shape is conceivable such. square, rectangular, polygonal or elliptical.
  • FIG. 3 An embodiment for the application of binder or additives on wood fibers is shown in FIG. 3.
  • Dried wood fibers from the dryer are separated from the dryer air in the cyclone 101 and discharged therefrom by means of a rotary valve 102.
  • the wood fibers 103 usually have a humidity in the range between 5 to 15%.
  • a conveyor belt 104 takes over the wood fibers and conveys them to the fiber transport line 105.
  • the fiber fan 106 brings the wood fibers 103 together with the transport air 107 to the nozzle 108, which releases the fibers into the riser 109 parallel to the axis.
  • the diameter of the transport line 105 is significantly lower than that of the riser 109.
  • An air blower 110 supplies air to the riser 109.
  • the bypass line 111 serves, depending on the position of the control flap 112 a partial flow of air past the riser 109 and opens into the riser before its entry into the cyclone 113. This ensures that, on the one hand, the cyclone 113 operates independently of the amount of air guided via the riser 109 at the ideal operating point and, on the other hand, the air quantity required for optimum functioning of the device is present in the riser 109.
  • a binder 116 is conveyed by a pump 118 from the reservoir 117 into a distribution pot 119. This supplies a plurality of nozzle lances 120, on which a plurality of airless high-pressure nozzles are arranged.
  • the number of nozzles is about 20 to 50 pieces per 1000 kg Wood fibers, which are led over the plant per hour.
  • the pressure range of the nozzles is between 10 to 80 bar, preferably between 20 and 40 bar.
  • Fig. 3 shows the position of the nozzle lances after the nozzle 108, whereby a contact of the nozzle lances 120 and the nozzles 121 with the wood fibers is possible.
  • An arrangement in the amount of the nozzle 108 or below to avoid contact with the wood fibers is also conceivable.
  • Fig. 4 shows in section the arrangement of the lances 120 in the riser 109.
  • a star-shaped arrangement (Fig. 4a) of the lances 120 with the nozzles 121 is also conceivable as a parallel arrangement (Fig. 4b).
  • the wood fibers 103 flow in Fig. 3 in the riser 109 through the binder mist 122, whereby a uniform wetting of the fibers takes place.
  • the cyclone 113 separates the fibers from the airflow.
  • the exhaust air from the cyclone can be partially re-supplied to the fan 110 via the return air line 123 in dependence on the position of the control flap 125, over-air is discharged via the line 124 to the environment.
  • the heating register 126 allows the air 115 to be heated.
  • the wood fibers 103a glued in this way are supplied for further production.
  • additives can also be applied to the wood fibers.
  • One possibility is the supply as a mixture of binder and additives, a separate feed with two separate application systems 120 and 131 and separate nozzle levels is also possible.
  • Fig. 3 shows this variant with the device 130, wherein the mist zone of the additives may be locally separate from the mist zone 122.
  • a common application of binder and additives in a single nozzle level is also conceivable.
  • certain lances 120 are subjected to binder, and other lances of the same nozzle level with additives.
  • the fibers come from a conventional dry-process MDF production line.
  • a gluing over the blowpipe is just as possible as a gluing exclusively on the dry gluing device.
  • the guide tube is designed as a vertical riser with a diameter ratio riser to transport tube of 3: 1.
  • the air velocity in the transport line is about 8 - 12 m / s, that of the conveying air flow in the riser between 20 and 30 m / s.
  • the gluing was then changed in such a way that 4.5% glue content based on the dry matter was metered in via the blowing line and 4.5% via the dry gluing device.
  • the properties of the plate thus produced did not change significantly.
  • the binder applied over the dry scrubber was significantly more reactive than that of the blowpipe gluing, which reduced the press factor by about 15% from 10 s / mm to 8.5 s / mm.
  • the size of the gluing was then changed so that the total binder amount of 5.5% based on the dry wood mass was applied with the dry gluing device.
  • the press factor could be reduced to 7 s / mm.
  • the properties of the plate thus produced did not change significantly
  • the same. Device was used for the production of HDF plates.
  • the binder used was a UF resin reinforced with 6% melamine.
  • the sizing was then changed to a ratio of blown pipe sizing: dry sizing of 6%: 5% as described in Example 1.
  • the properties of the HDF plate thus produced did not change significantly.
  • the press factor could be reduced from 9 s / mm to 7.5 s / mm.
  • the size of the gluing was then changed so that the total binder amount of 8% based on the dry wood mass was applied with the dry gluing device.
  • the press factor could be reduced to 6.3 s / mm.
  • the properties of the plate thus produced did not change significantly.
  • Gluing was varied as in the following table without significant change in plate properties: Glue blowing pipe: 2% 0% dry gluing: 2% 3%

Abstract

The technical problem of the invention is to improve the wetting of wood fibers with a binding agent. This technical problem is solved according to the present invention by a device for wetting wood fibers (10, 109) with a binding fluid, with a transport pipe (16, 105) for transporting the wood fibers (10, 109), with a fan (14, 106) for generating a transport air current, with a guide tube (17, 109) connected to the transport pipe (16, 105), with a fan (20, 110) for generating a conveying air current in the guide tube (17, 109), with means (27, 12) for supplying the binding fluid in the guide tube (17, 109). The invention also relates to a process for wetting wood fibers with a binding fluid.

Description

Die der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Benetzen von Holzfasern mit einem Bindemittelfluid, insbesondere zum Trockenbeleimen von Holzfasern. Die Erfindung betrifft ebenso ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Faserplatte.The invention relates to a method for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid, in particular for Trockenbeleimen of wood fibers. The invention also relates to a method for producing a fiberboard.

Die Herstellung von Faserplatten wie z.B. Mitteldichtefaserplatte (MDF), Hochdichtefaserplatte (HDF) und Faserplatten von sehr geringer Dichte (LDF) nach dem Trockenverfahren ist bekannt. Stückiges Holz wird im Kocher durch die Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur in einer gesättigten Dampfatmosphäre aufgeschlossen. Das so erweichte stückige Holz gelangt in den Refiner, in welchem eine mechanische Zerfaserung in feine Holzfasern erfolgt.The production of fiberboard such as e.g. Medium density fiberboard (MDF), high density fiberboard (HDF) and very low density fiberboard (LDF) after the dry process is known. Chunky wood is digested in the digester by the action of pressure and temperature in a saturated steam atmosphere. The so softened lumpy wood enters the refiner, in which a mechanical defibration takes place in fine wood fibers.

Eine Rohrleitung, das sogenannte Blasrohr oder die Blowline, führt das Gemisch aus Dampf, Wasser und Fasern vom Refiner zum Trockner. In der Blowline weisen die Fasern eine sehr hohe Geschwindigkeit im Bereich von 30 bis 100 m/sec auf. Der plötzliche Druckabfall beim Austritt des Wasserdampf-Wasser-Fasergemisches aus der Blowline in den Trockner unterstützt die Vereinzelung der Fasern. Faseragglomerate können so vereinzelt werden, so dass die anschließende Trocknung im Stromrohrtrockner die Fasern effektiv in wenigen Sekunden auf eine Faserfeuchte um ca. 10%, bezogen auf die Trockenmasse, bringt.A pipeline, the so-called blowpipe or the blowline, carries the mixture of steam, water and fibers from the refiner to the dryer. In the blowline, the fibers have a very high speed in the range of 30 to 100 m / sec. The sudden pressure drop at the outlet of the water vapor-water-fiber mixture from the blowline in the dryer supports the separation of the fibers. Fiber agglomerates can be singulated so that the subsequent drying in a tubular dryer brings the fibers effectively in a few seconds to a fiber moisture content of about 10%, based on the dry mass.

Zyklone trennen die getrockneten Fasern vom Luftstrom und über Fördereinrichtungen werden diese einem Sichter zur Abtrennung von Leimklumpen, Faseragglomeraten oder auch mitgerissenen Anpackungen zugeführt, die sich von der Innenwand des Stromrohrtrockners und/oder von den Zyklonen lösen. Das so behandelte getrocknete Fasermaterial gelangt zur Formstraße, wo ein Faserkuchen von geringer Dichte (20 bis 30 kg/m3) geformt wird. Unter Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur wird in einer Presse eine Platte geformt, die eine Stärke von 2 bis 50 mm und eine Dichte zwischen 60 bis 1000 kg/m3 aufweisen kann.Cyclones separate the dried fibers from the air stream and via conveyors they are fed to a separator for the separation of glue lumps, fiber agglomerates or entrained Anpackungen that dissolve from the inner wall of the riser and / or from the cyclones. The dried fiber material thus treated passes to the forming line, where a low density fiber cake (20 to 30 kg / m 3 ) is formed. Under the action of pressure and temperature, a plate is formed in a press, which may have a thickness of 2 to 50 mm and a density of 60 to 1000 kg / m 3 .

Aus der EP 0 745 463 A2, von der die vorliegende Erfindung ausgeht, ist bereits ein derartiges Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens bekannt. Dabei umfasst die Vorrichtung einen Kocher und einen nachgeschalteten Refiner, in dem eine mechanische Zerfaserung in feine Holzfasern erfolgt. Aus dem Refiner tritt ein Gemisch aus Dampf, Wasser und Fasern aus und wird über ein Blasrohr mit hoher Geschwindigkeit zu einem Trockner geleitet. Bei dem Trockner handelt es sich um einen direkt beheizten, rohrförmigen Trockner, in dem das Ende des Blasrohres konzentrisch angeordnet ist. Bei der bekannten Vorrichtung wird kurz vor dem Ende des Blasrohres dem von diesem geführten Gemisch aus Dampf, Wasser und Holzfasern wahlweise ein Bindemittel oder ein Gemisch aus Bindemittel und Additiven zugeführt. Als Bindemittel kann dabei ein Isocyanatbinder verwendet werden. Dem Trockner schließt sich ein Zyklon an, in dem die mit Bindemittel benetzten Holzfasern abgeschieden und einer Paserplattenherstellung zugeführt werden können.EP 0 745 463 A2, from which the present invention is based, already discloses such a method and an apparatus for carrying out the method. In this case, the device comprises a digester and a downstream refiner, in which a mechanical defibration takes place in fine wood fibers. From the refiner emerges a mixture of steam, water and fibers and is passed through a blowpipe at high speed to a dryer. The dryer is a directly heated, tubular dryer in which the end of the blowpipe is concentrically arranged. In the known device, a binder or a mixture of binder and additives is optionally supplied to the run of this mixture of steam, water and wood fibers, a binder or shortly before the end of the blow pipe. As binders, an isocyanate binder can be used. The dryer is followed by a cyclone in which the binder-wetted wood fibers can be deposited and fed to a Paserplattenherstellung.

Die zuvor beschriebene aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Herstellungstechnologie sieht das Zuführen des Bindemittels zum Gemisch aus Wasser und Holzfasern im Blasrohr vor, also auf dem Weg der Fasern zwischen Refinerausgang und Trocknereingang. Das Bindemittel ist daher ab dem Zuführen zu den Fasern für gewisse Zeit einer hohen Temperatur von weit über 100 °C ausgesetzt. Das ist insofern bedeutend, da das Bindemittel in der Presse durch die Einwirkung von Temperatur zur Härtung gebracht werden soll. Übliche Bindemittel sind Kondensationsharze wie Aminoplaste (Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harz (UF), Melamin-Formaldehyd-Harz (MUF) oder Mischungen davon) und/oder Isocyanate (z.B. PMDI). Die Reaktionsfähigkeit der Harze muss den erhöhten Temperaturanforderungen im Zuge des Beleimens und Trocknens insofern angepasst sein, dass diese sehr träge reagieren. Das spiegelt sich in der Härtungsgeschwindigkeit wider.The production technology known from the prior art described above provides for the supply of the binder to the mixture of water and wood fibers in the blowpipe, ie on the path of the fibers between the refiner outlet and the dryer inlet. The binder is therefore exposed for a certain time to a high temperature of well over 100 ° C from the feeding to the fibers. This is significant in that the binder is to be cured in the press by the action of temperature. Typical binders are condensation resins such as aminoplasts (urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine-formaldehyde resin (MUF) or mixtures thereof) and / or isocyanates (eg PMDI). The reactivity of the resins must be adapted to the increased temperature requirements in the course of gluing and drying in that they react very slowly. This is reflected in the cure rate.

Vergleicht man den Pressfaktor (Verweilzeit der Platte in Sekunden je Millimeter Plattenstärke in der Presse) so liegt jener einer MDF-Platte im Bereich um 8 bis 12 s/mm jener einer Spanplatte von vergleichbarer Dichte und selber Stärke um 4 s/mm. Daher verfügt eine Plattenpresse mit derselben Größe für Spanplatte eine um ca. 50% höhere Leistung als jene für MDF. Darüber hinaus wird der hohe Pressfaktor für MDF auch von anderen Parametern wie z.B. Durchwärmung, Dampftransport von außen zur Plattenmitte, Ausdampfverhalten am Pressende, beeinflusst. Der wesentliche Einfluss ist jedoch die träge Reaktivität des Bindemittels.If one compares the pressing factor (residence time of the plate in seconds per millimeter plate thickness in the press) so that an MDF plate is in the range of 8 to 12 s / mm that of a particle board of comparable density and strength itself by 4 s / mm. Therefore, a board press of the same size for chipboard has a performance about 50% higher than that for MDF. In addition, the high press factor for MDF is also affected by other parameters such as e.g. Heating, steam transport from the outside to the center of the plate, evaporation behavior at the end of the press, influenced. The main influence, however, is the slow reactivity of the binder.

Versuche der Beschleunigung mit z.B. Härtern oder einer anderen Herstellungsweise der Harze, haben bisher keine Erfolge gebracht, da dadurch die damit verbundene Voraushärtung im Trockner keine Verbesserung der mechanischen Platteneigenschaften oder keine Verringerung des Pressfaktors und/oder keine Verringerung der benötigten Leimmenge erreicht werden konnte.Attempts of acceleration with e.g. Hardeners or any other method of making the resins, have so far brought no results, since thereby the associated pre-curing in the dryer no improvement of the mechanical properties of the plate or no reduction of the press factor and / or no reduction in the amount of glue required could be achieved.

Zudem ist das Bindemittel im Blasrohr Wasser ausgesetzt, so dass die einsetzbaren Bindemittel auch in soweit eingeschränkt sind. Denn verschiedene Bindemittel, die an sich für die Herstellung von Faserplatten geeignet sind, sind für einen Kontakt mit Wasser nicht oder nur eingeschränkt einsetzbar. Dies gilt insbesondere für Isocyanate. Zwar sind sogenannte gekapselte Isocyanate in Verwendung, die sich prinzipiell für eine Blowlinebeleimung eignen, doch ist eine störungsfreie Fahrweise über mehrere Tage nicht möglich. In der Regel wächst das Blasrohr durch mit Wasser reagierendes Isocyanat zu und die Anlage muss zur Reinigung abgestellt werden.In addition, the binder in the blowpipe is exposed to water, so that the usable binders are also limited in so far. Because various binders that are suitable for the production of fiberboard, are not or only partially used for contact with water. This is especially true for isocyanates. Although so-called encapsulated isocyanates are in use, which are suitable in principle for a Blowlinebeleimung, but a trouble-free driving over several days is not possible. In general, the blowpipe grows through water-reactive isocyanate and the system must be turned off for cleaning.

Das im Blasrohr befindliche Wasser weist einen geringen pH-Wert auf, der aus der vorgeschaltenen Kochung der Hackschnitzel resultiert. Aminoplaste wie Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harze (UF) und Melamin-Formaldehyd-Harze (MF) sind säurehärtend, wodurch es bereits in der Blasleitung zu einer Voraushärtung kommt.The water in the blowpipe has a low pH, which results from the upstream cooking of the wood chips. Aminoplasts such as urea-formaldehyde resins (UF) and melamine-formaldehyde resins (MF) are acid-hardening, which leads to pre-curing already in the blowpipe.

Ein alternatives Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Faserplatte ist aus der JP-A-57113051 bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren werden zunächst Holzhächsel gekocht. Die gekochten Holzhächsel werden anschließend mechanisch zerfasert, währenddessen ein Bindemittel zugegeben wird. Anschließend werden die Holzfasern getrocknet. In einem letzten Schritt werden aus dem Gemisch aus Holzfasern und Bindemittel Faserplatten gepresst. Als Bindemittel werden dabei duroplastische Bindemittel verwendet, bei denen es sich um ein Harnstoffharz oder ein Phenolharz handeln kann.An alternative method of making a fiberboard is known from JP-A-57113051. In this process, Holzhächsel be cooked first. The cooked wood chips are then mechanically shredded, during which time a binder is added. Subsequently, the wood fibers are dried. In a final step, fiber boards are pressed from the mixture of wood fibers and binder. Thermosetting binders are used as binders, which may be a urea resin or a phenolic resin.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun das technische Problem zugrunde, das Benetzen von Holzfasern mit einem Bindemittel zu verbessern.The present invention is based on the technical problem of improving the wetting of wood fibers with a binder.

Das zuvor aufgezeigte technische Problem wird durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Im folgenden wird die Erfindung zunächst anhand der einzelnen Verfahrensschritte näher erläutert, bevor eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben wird.The above-indicated technical problem is solved by a method according to claim 1. In the following, the invention will first be explained in greater detail on the basis of the individual method steps, before a device for carrying out the method will be described on the basis of exemplary embodiments.

Das Verfahren zum Benetzen von Holzfasern mit einem Bindemittelfluid nach Anspruch 1 umfasst die folgenden Schritte.The method for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid according to claim 1 comprises the following steps.

Die Holzfasern werden entlang eines Transportrohres mit einem Transportluftstrom zu einem Führungsrohr geführt, in dem ein Förderluftstrom erzeugt wird. Das Bindemittelfluid wird von außen zugeführt und im Führungsrohr innerhalb des Förderluftstromes verteilt, wodurch vorzugsweise ein Bindemittelnebel entsteht. Die Holzfasern werden dann im Förderluftstrom zusammen mit dem verteilten Bindemittelfluid gefördert und in Kontakt damit gebracht, so dass die Holzfasern zumindest teilweise mit dem Bindemittelfluid benetzt werden.The wood fibers are guided along a transport tube with a transport air flow to a guide tube, in which a conveying air flow is generated. The binder fluid is supplied from the outside and distributed in the guide tube within the conveying air flow, whereby preferably a binder mist is formed. The wood fibers are then conveyed in the conveying air stream together with the dispersed binder fluid and brought into contact therewith, so that the wood fibers are at least partially wetted with the binder fluid.

Da der Förderluftstrom ausschließlich einem Fördern der Holzfasern dient, können die Parameter Temperatur, Druck und Feuchtigkeit des Förderluftstroms für ein optimales Benetzen der Holzfasern, insbesondere angepasst an die Eigenschaften des Bindemittelfluides eingestellt werden. Dieses hat den Vorteil, dass effektiver die Menge des den Holzfasern hinzugefügten Bindemittelfluides sehr genau eingestellt werden kann. Dieses kann insbesondere auch hinsichtlich der Eigenschaften des Bindemittelfluides erfolgen, so dass der Anteil des Bindemittels am Gewichtsanteil der Holzfasern gegenüber bisherigen Verfahren verringert werden kann.Since the conveying air flow exclusively serves to convey the wood fibers, the parameters of temperature, pressure and humidity of the conveying air flow can be set for optimum wetting of the wood fibers, in particular adapted to the properties of the binder fluid. This has the advantage that more effectively the amount of binder fluid added to the wood fibers can be set very accurately. This can in particular also take place with regard to the properties of the binder fluid, so that the proportion of the binder in the proportion by weight of the wood fibers compared to previous methods can be reduced.

In bevorzugter Weise werden die Holzfasern im Führungsrohr im wesentlichen senkrecht nach oben gefördert, wodurch Ablagerungen an Seitenwänden des Führungsrohres vermindert oder gar verhindert werden.Preferably, the wood fibers are conveyed in the guide tube substantially vertically upwards, whereby deposits on side walls of the guide tube are reduced or even prevented.

Beispielsweise kann ein Additiv in Form eines Fluides oder in Form eines in einem Fluid dispergierten Feststoffes dem Förderluftstrom zugefügt werden. Die Holzfasern können somit zusätzlich zum Bindemittelfluid auch mit dem Additiv zumindest teilweise benetzt werden. Dadurch ist ein Hinzufügen von Additiven wie Farbstoffen, Härtern oder Mitteln zur besseren Brandbeständigkeit in einfacher Weise möglich.For example, an additive in the form of a fluid or in the form of a solid dispersed in a fluid may be added to the conveying air stream. The wood fibers can thus be at least partially wetted in addition to the binder fluid with the additive. This makes it easy to add additives such as dyes, hardeners or agents for better fire resistance.

Das zuvor beschriebene Verfahren lässt sich folgendermaßen bei einem Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Faserplatte anwenden. Bei der Faserplatte handelt es sich insbesondere um eine mitteldichte Faserplatte (MDF), eine hochdichte Faserplatte (HDF) oder eine Faserplatte mit geringer Dichte (LDF), die zumindest aus einem Anteil Holzfasern und einem Anteil Bindemittel bestehen.The method described above can be applied to a method for producing a fiberboard as follows. In particular, the fiberboard is a medium density fiberboard (MDF), a high density fiberboard (HDF) or a low density fiberboard (LDF), which is at least a proportion of wood fibers and a proportion of binder.

Zunächst wird in herkömmlicher Weise Holz in einem Kocher unter Einwirkung von Temperatur und Druck aufgeschlossen. Das ausgeschlossene Holz wird mechanisch zerfasert und das so entstandene Gemisch aus Wasser, Wasserdampf und Holzfasern wird mit Hilfe eines Blasrohres einem Trockner zugeführt. Die Holzfasern werden im Trockner zumindest teilweise vereinzelt und getrocknet.First, wood is digested in a conventional manner in a digester under the action of temperature and pressure. The excluded wood is mechanically shredded and the resulting mixture of water, water vapor and wood fibers is fed to a dryer with the aid of a blowpipe. The wood fibers are at least partially separated and dried in the dryer.

Die so erzeugten vereinzelten und getrockneten Holzfasern werden dann mit Hilfe des zuvor beschriebenen Verfahrens in trockenem Zustand mit einem Bindemittelfluid zumindest teilweise benetzt (Trockenbeleimung).The isolated and dried wood fibers produced in this way are then at least partially wetted with a binder fluid in the dry state with the aid of the process described above (dry gluing).

Nachfolgend werden die zumindest teilweise mit Bindemittelfluid benetzten Holzfasern einer Formstraße für ein Herstellen eines Formkuchens zugeführt und aus dem Formkuchen wird mit Hilfe einer Presse eine Faserplatte erzeugt.Subsequently, the at least partially wetted with binder fluid wood fibers of a forming line for producing a shaped cake fed and from the molding cake, a fiberboard is produced by means of a press.

Durch den Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Benetzen von Holzfasern mit einem Bindemittelfluid in einem separaten Verfahrensschritt nach dem Vereinzeln und Trocknen der Holzfasern eröffnet die Möglichkeit, die Holzfasern gezielt mit dem Bindemittel oder auch mit weiteren Additiven zu benetzen. Dadurch lassen sich die Eigenschaften der herzustellenden Faserplatte verbessern.By using the method according to the invention for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid in a separate process step after separation and drying of the wood fibers, it is possible to selectively wet the wood fibers with the binder or else with other additives. As a result, the properties of the fiberboard to be produced can be improved.

Das Verfahren setzt prinzipiell keine besonderen Anforderungen an vorgeschaltene oder nachgeschaltene Fertigungsprozesse. So kann es für jede Art des Aufbringens eines Fluides auf eine Faser oder auf feinstückiges, mittels eines Luftstrom transportfähigen Materials angewandt werden. Ein vorgeschaltetes Trocknen des Materials ist ebenso wenig zwingend erforderlich, wie eine Weiterverarbeitung, z.B. Plattenformung nach dem Aufbringen des Fluides. Demnach ist das Verfahren geeignet, z.B. Bindemittel aufzubringen auf Mineralfasern (Steinwolledämmprodukte), auf Glasfasern (Glasfaserdämmprodukte) oder auf jede Art natürliche Fasern (Kokos, Jute, Hanf, Sisal) zur Herstellung von Dämmstoffen, Faserformteile oder ähnliches, oder auch auf jede Art synthetischer Fasern. Ebenso kann feinstückiges Material wie z.B. Holzstaub, Staub aus mineralhaltigem Material (Sande, Quarzsand, Marmorstaub, Korund) oder ähnliches mit Fluid benetzt werden.In principle, the method does not impose any special requirements on upstream or downstream production processes. Thus, it can be applied to any type of application of a fluid to a fiber or to fine-particle air transportable material. An upstream drying of the material is just as imperative as a further processing, eg plate forming after the application of the fluid. Accordingly, the method is suitable to apply, for example, binders on mineral fibers (Steinwolledämmprodukte), on glass fibers (Glasfaserdämmprodukte) or on any kind of natural fibers (coconut, jute, hemp, sisal) for the production of insulation materials, molded fiber parts or the like, or in any synthetic way fibers. Likewise, finely divided material such as wood dust, dust from mineral-containing material (sands, quartz sand, marble dust, corundum) or the like can be wetted with fluid.

Das Verfahren eignet sich also sowohl als eigenständige Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Bindemittelfluids auf mittels eines Luftstrom transportfähigen Holzfasern, als auch für eine Integration dieses Verfahrens in einen Fertigungsprozess zum Herstellen einer Faserplatte.Thus, the method is suitable both as an independent device for applying a binder fluid on transportable wood fibers by means of an air flow, as well as for integration of this method in a manufacturing process for producing a fiberboard.

Mit Hilfe des zuvor beschriebenen Verfahrens kann eine Faserplatte, insbesondere mitteldichte Faserplatte (MDF), hochdichte Faserplatte (HDF) oder Faserplatte mit geringer Dichte (LDF) bestehend zumindest aus einem Anteil Holzfasern und einem Anteil Bindemittel hergestellt werden. Bei der Faserplatte kann der Anteil des Bindemittels kleiner als 12 Gew.-% bezogen auf die Trockenmasse der des Faseranteils sein. Vorzugsweise ist der Anteil des Bindemittels kleiner als 10 Gew.-% bezogen auf die Trockenmasse des Faseranteils. Insbesondere ist der Anteil des Bindemittels kleiner als 8 Gew.-% bezogen auf die Trockenmasse der des Faseranteils.With the aid of the method described above, a fiberboard, in particular medium-density fiberboard (MDF), high-density fibreboard (HDF) or low-density fiberboard (LDF), can be made up of at least a proportion of wood fibers and a proportion of binder. In the fiberboard, the proportion of the binder may be less than 12 wt .-% based on the dry matter of the fiber content. Preferably, the proportion of the binder is less than 10 wt .-% based on the dry weight of the fiber content. In particular, the proportion of the binder is less than 8 wt .-% based on the dry matter of the fiber content.

Somit kann eine Faserplatte mit einem geringeren Bindemittelanteil als bisher erzeugt werden, wodurch neben Kosteneinsparungen bei der Herstellung auch bessere umweltbezogene Eigenschaften erreicht werden.Thus, a fiberboard can be produced with a lower binder content than heretofore, which in addition to cost savings in the production also better environmental properties are achieved.

Das Bindemittel kann dabei vorzugsweise ein Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harz (UF), Melamin-Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harz (MUF) oder ein Isocyanat (PMDI) sein. Jedoch können auch anderer Bindemittel, die geeignet sind, eine Faserplatte herzustellen, ebenfalls verwendet werden.The binder may preferably be a urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF) or an isocyanate (PMDI). However, other binders which are suitable for making a fiberboard may also be used.

Im folgenden wird anhand eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert, wozu auf die beigefügte Zeichnung Bezug genommen wird. In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensablaufes zum Herstellen einer Faserplatte,
Fig. 2
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Benetzen von Feststoffpartikeln, insbesondere Holzfasern mit einem Fluid, insbesondere Bindemittelfluid,
Fig. 3
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Benetzen von Feststoffpartikeln, insbesondere Holzfasern mit einem Fluid, insbesondere Bindemittelfluid und
Fig. 4
zwei Anordnungen von Mitteln zum Zuführen des Fluides, insbesondere Bindemittelfluides.
In the following, an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention of exemplary embodiments is explained in more detail, to which the attached drawing reference is made. In the drawing show
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a process sequence according to the invention for producing a fiberboard,
Fig. 2
A first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for wetting solid particles, in particular wood fibers with a fluid, in particular binder fluid,
Fig. 3
A second embodiment of a device according to the invention for the wetting of solid particles, in particular wood fibers with a fluid, in particular binder fluid and
Fig. 4
two arrangements of means for supplying the fluid, in particular binder fluid.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Prinzipschema, wie z.B. die Vorrichtung zum Benetzen der Holzfasern in einem bestehenden Fertigungsprozess zur Herstellung von Faserplatten nach dem Trockenverfahren integriert werden kann. Das Trocknen der Fasern im Stromrohrtrockner 1 erfolgt in bekannter Weise auf eine für den Fertigungsprozess erforderliche Feuchtigkeit von beispielsweise 10 % bezogen auf die Trockenmasse. Vor dem Trocknen können bereits ein Teil des Bindemittels und der Additive auf die Fasern in üblicher Weise im Blasrohr aufgebracht werden. Unter Additiven sind Wachse und Paraffine zur Quellungsvergütung, Mittel zur verbesserten Resistenz gegen biologische Schädlinge, Färbemittel zur individuellen Farbgestaltung der fertigen Platte oder sonstige flüssige, feste und pastöse Komponenten zu verstehen.Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of how, for example, the device for wetting the wood fibers in an existing manufacturing process for the production of fibreboard can be integrated by the dry process. The drying of the fibers in the tubular dryer 1 is carried out in a known manner to a required for the manufacturing process moisture of, for example, 10% based on the dry mass. Before drying, some of the binder and the additives may already be applied to the fibers in the usual way in the blowpipe. Among additives are waxes and paraffins for swelling, agents for improved resistance to biological pests, Colorants for individual color design of the finished plate or other liquid, solid and pasty components to understand.

Auf das Aufbringen von Bindemitteln und Additiven in bekannter Weise, kann aber auch vollständig verzichtet werden und es wird die gesamte Menge an Bindemittel und Additiven nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auf die Fasern aufgebracht. Die erforderliche Feuchtigkeit, die die Fasern nach dem Trockner 1 aufweisen sollen, kann von der üblichen Feuchtigkeit (ca. 5 bis 15 %) durchaus abweichen. Im Zuge der Behandlung der Holzfasern durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist es möglich, die Faserfeuchte ideal an den nachgeschaltenen Prozess der Plattenherstellung anzupassen.On the application of binders and additives in a known manner, but can also be completely dispensed with and it is the entire amount of binder and additives applied by the method according to the invention on the fibers. The required moisture, which should have the fibers after the dryer 1, may well deviate from the usual humidity (about 5 to 15%). In the course of the treatment of the wood fibers by the method according to the invention, it is possible to adapt the fiber moisture ideally to the downstream process of plate production.

Nach dem Trockner 1 gelangen die Fasern zum Abtrennen der Trocknungsluft in den Faserzyklon 2. Ein Fasergebläse 3 übernimmt hier die Fasern und fördert diese in ein in der Regel senkrecht angeordnetes Steigrohr 5, in das zusätzlich Transportluft von einem Gebläse 4 eingebracht wird. Im Steigrohr 5 erfolgt mittels einer Vielzahl von Düsen in einer Nebelzone 6 das Benetzen der Fasern mit Bindemittel und anderen Komponenten wie z.B. Additiven. Die benetzten Fasern gelangen dann in einen Zyklon 7 und einen Grobgutabscheider 8 (Sichter) und werden dann der üblichen Weiterverarbeitung 9 wie Formung des Faserkuchens und Pressen zur Plattenformung zugeführt.After the dryer 1, the fibers pass to separate the drying air into the fiber cyclone 2. A fiber blower 3 takes over the fibers here and conveys them into a usually vertically arranged riser pipe 5, in which additional transport air is introduced by a fan 4. In the riser 5, by means of a plurality of nozzles in a mist zone 6, the wetting of the fibers with binder and other components such as e.g. Additives. The wetted fibers then pass into a cyclone 7 and a coarse material separator 8 (classifier) and are then fed to the usual further processing 9 such as shaping of the fiber cake and pressing for plate forming.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein Aufführungsbeispiel einer Anlage zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Das zu benetzende Material 10 wird mit einer Transportvorrichtung 11 in eine Rohrleitung 16 überführt. Der Massenstrom des Materials 10 kann über eine Wägevorrichtung 13 bestimmt werden. Ein Gebläse 14 fördert das Material 10, vermischt mit zusätzlicher Transportluft 15, über eine Transportleitung 16 in ein in der Regel senkrecht stehendes Steigrohr 17. Die Menge der Transportluft 15 soll so groß sein, dass ein störungsfreier Transport des Materials 10 zum Steigrohr 17 gewährleistet ist. Das Gebläse 14 hat zudem die Aufgabe, möglicherweise vorhandene Agglomerate des Materials aufzulösen. Am Ende der Transportleitung 16 kann sich zur homogenen Verteilung des Materials 10 über die Querschnittsfläche des Steigrohres 17 eine Düse 18 befinden, die über spezielle Einbauten 19 zum Stromführen zur besseren Erfüllung dieser Aufgabe verfügen kann.Fig. 2 shows a performance example of a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention. The material 10 to be wetted is provided with a transport device 11 transferred into a pipe 16. The mass flow of the material 10 can be determined via a weighing device 13. A fan 14 conveys the material 10, mixed with additional transport air 15, via a transport line 16 in a generally vertical riser 17. The amount of transport air 15 should be so large that a trouble-free transport of the material 10 to the riser 17 is guaranteed , The fan 14 also has the task to dissolve any existing agglomerates of the material. At the end of the transport line 16, a nozzle 18 can be located for the homogeneous distribution of the material 10 over the cross-sectional area of the riser 17, which can have special installations 19 for guiding current to better fulfill this task.

Die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Materials 10 in der Transportleitung 16 wird - um Ablagerungen zu vermeiden - um 20 m/sec und darüber betragen. Ein Luftgebläse 20 führt dem Steigrohr 17 Luft 23 in ausreichender Menge zur Förderung des Materials 10 zu. Unter Luft ist nicht ausschließlich Luft im Sinne von Umgebungsluft zu verstehen, sondern jede beliebige Art von Gasen und Mischungen davon. Die Luft 23 kann, falls gewünscht, mit einem Heizregister 41 erwärmt werden. Ebenso ist es denkbar, die Feuchtigkeit der Luft 23 mit Vorrichtungen 40 zur Einstellung der selben in einen gewünschten Bereich zu bringen. Diese Vorrichtungen 40 können beispielsweise aus einer Wassereindüsung oder einer Dampfinjektion bestehen, sofern die absolute Luftfeuchtigkeit erhöht werden soll. Zur Absenkung der absoluten Luftfeuchtigkeit sind Kühleinrichtungen zur Kondensation von Wasserdampf aber ebenso denkbar. Die Vorrichtung 40 kann verständlicher Weise auch nach dem Heizregister 41 angeordnet sein.The transport speed of the material 10 in the transport line 16 is - to avoid deposits - by 20 m / sec and above. An air blower 20 leads the riser 17 air 23 in sufficient quantity to promote the material 10 to. By air is meant not only air in the sense of ambient air, but any type of gases and mixtures thereof. The air 23 may, if desired, be heated with a heating coil 41. It is also conceivable to bring the humidity of the air 23 with devices 40 for setting the same in a desired range. These devices 40 may for example consist of a water injection or a steam injection, if the absolute humidity is to be increased. To reduce the absolute humidity are cooling devices for the condensation of water vapor but just as conceivable. The device 40 can understandably be arranged after the heating 41.

Die Luft 23, die dem Gebläse 20 zugeführt wird, kann Umgebungsluft sein oder aus einem anderen Prozess stammen, wie z.B. aus einem Verbrennungsprozess, Abluft aus einer Gasturbine oder Abluft aus irgend einem anderen Herstellungsprozess. Auch eine Mischung verschiedener Abluftströme ist möglich. Voraussetzung ist jedenfalls, dass möglicherweise vorhandene gasförmige, dampfförmige oder feste Verunreinigungen die Funktion und Betriebsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nicht stören. Insbesondere können Störungen durch feste und dampfförmige Verunreinigungen hervorgerufen werden, die zum Anbacken an den Innenwandungen der gesamten Vorrichtung und insbesondere im Luftgebläse 20 führen.The air 23 supplied to the blower 20 may be ambient air or from some other process, e.g. from a combustion process, exhaust from a gas turbine, or exhaust from any other manufacturing process. A mixture of different exhaust air streams is possible. In any case, it is a prerequisite that possibly present gaseous, vaporous or solid impurities do not disturb the function and operation of the device according to the invention. In particular, disturbances can be caused by solid and vapor contaminants, which lead to caking on the inner walls of the entire device and in particular in the air blower 20.

Die vom Luftgebläse 20 kommende Luft 23 führt eine Luftleitung 21 dem Steigrohr 17 zu. Einbauten 22 sollen eine Verteilung der Luft 23 über die Querschnittsfläche des Steigrohr 17 bewerkstelligen bzw. sicherstellen, um ein für die Durchführung des Verfahrens günstiges Strömungsprofil einzustellen. Dieses kann homogen sein oder starke Unterschiede zwischen dem Rand- und dem Kernbereich aufweisen. Die Strömungsverteilung muss nicht zwingend homogen sein. Es kann erforderlich sein, die Verteilung auch auf die Strömungsrichtung hinter den Einbauten 22 befindliche Vorrichtungen, wie z.B. die Düse 18 und die Einbauten 19, abzustimmen.The coming from the air blower 20 air 23 leads an air line 21 to the riser 17. Built-in elements 22 are intended to accomplish or ensure distribution of the air 23 over the cross-sectional area of the riser 17, in order to set a flow profile which is favorable for carrying out the method. This may be homogeneous or have large differences between the edge and core regions. The flow distribution does not necessarily have to be homogeneous. It may be necessary to arrange the distribution also in the flow direction behind the fixtures 22, such as e.g. the nozzle 18 and the internals 19, vote.

Einbauten 22 zur Lenkung des Luftstromes sind auch an anderen Stellen wie z.B. im Steigrohr 17 denkbar. Doch muss im Falle einer Anordnung in Bereichen, in denen bereits Fluid und/oder Material vorhanden sind, berücksichtigt werden, dass Verschmutzungen und/oder Verschleiß der Einbauten 22 möglich sind, welche die Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung beeinträchtigen.Fixtures 22 for guiding the air flow are also conceivable at other locations such as in the riser 17. But must in the case of an arrangement in areas in which fluid and / or material are already present, it is taken into account that soiling and / or wear of the installations 22 are possible, which impair the functioning of the device according to the invention.

Im Steigrohr 17 vermischen sich die Luft 23 mit dem Material 10 und der Transportluft 15. Die Geschwindigkeit im Steigrohr 17 wird in Abhängigkeit der aerodynamischen Eigenschaften des Materials so gewählt, dass einerseits ein Transport des Materials 10 ermöglicht wird, andererseits aber Agglomerate des Materials absinken können. Zum Austragen dieser Agglomerate sind Vorrichtungen 24 vorhanden. Die ausgetragenen Agglomerate 25 können je nach Beschaffenheit dem Materialstrom 10 der Transportvorrichtung 11 zugeführt werden, erforderlichen Falls erfolgt eine Auflösung der Agglomerate 25 in einer Aufbereitungsanlage 26.In the riser 17, the air 23 mixes with the material 10 and the transport air 15. The speed in the riser 17 is selected depending on the aerodynamic properties of the material so that on the one hand a transport of the material 10 is made possible, but on the other hand agglomerates of the material can sink , For discharging these agglomerates devices 24 are present. The discharged agglomerates 25 can be supplied to the material stream 10 of the transport device 11, depending on the condition. If necessary, the agglomerates 25 are dissolved in a processing plant 26.

Die Vorrichtung 24 ist hier als nach unten zusammenlaufender Sammelkonus dargestellt, aber jede andere Ausführungsform ist denkbar wie z.B. ein Transportband im Bodenbereich des Steigrohres 17 oder eine Schneckenaustragsvorrichtung.The device 24 is shown here as a downwardly converging collecting cone, but any other embodiment is conceivable, such as e.g. a conveyor belt in the bottom region of the riser 17 or a Schneckenaustragsvorrichtung.

Das von Agglomeraten befreite Gemisch aus Material 10, Transportluft 15 und Förderluft 23 strömt im Steigrohr 17 weiter zur Fluidbenetzungseinheit 27. Diese besteht aus einer Vielzahl von Düsen 28, welche das Fluid 30 als einen feinen Fluidnebel 29 über die Querschnittsfläche des Steigrohres 17 verteilen. Dazu fördert eine Pumpe 31 das Fluid 30 aus einem Vorratstank 32 zu den Düsen 28.The liberated from agglomerates mixture of material 10, transport air 15 and conveying air 23 flows in the riser 17 further to the fluid wetting unit 27. This consists of a plurality of nozzles 28, which distribute the fluid 30 as a fine fluid mist 29 over the cross-sectional area of the riser 17. For this purpose, a pump 31 conveys the fluid 30 from a storage tank 32 to the nozzles 28.

Als Düsen 28 haben sich Hochdruckdüsen nach dem Airless-Prinzip bewährt, aber auch Zerstäubungsvorrichtungen nach allen anderen Prinzipien sind möglich wie z.B. Luftzerstäubungsdüsen oder Rotationszerstäuber. Hochdruckdüsen nach dem Airless-Prinzip und Rotationszerstäubern erfordern kein zusätzliches Medium wie z.B. Luft, um den erforderlichen Sprühnebel 29 auszubilden.As nozzles 28 high-pressure nozzles have been proven by the airless principle, but also atomizers on all other principles are possible such. Air atomizing nozzles or rotary atomizers. High-pressure nozzles according to the airless principle and rotary atomizing require no additional medium such. Air to form the required spray 29.

Die Pumpe 31 führt den Düsen 28 das Fluid 30 zu. Der Druck hängt von den rheologischen Eigenschaften des Fluides 30 und den Anforderungen an den Fluidnebel 29 hinsichtlich des Durchmessers der einzelnen Fluidtröpfchen ab.The pump 31 supplies the fluid 30 to the nozzles 28. The pressure depends on the rheological properties of the fluid 30 and the requirements of the fluid mist 29 with respect to the diameter of the individual fluid droplets.

Während das Material 10 durch den Fluidnebel 29 befördert wird, schlagen sich die Fluidtröpfchen am Material 10 nieder und benetzen dieses. Das Benetzen kann durch das Vorhandensein eines elektrischen Potentialunterschiedes zwischen den Fluidtröpfchen und dem Material unterstützt werden. Potentialunterschiede können durch Reibung oder das Anlegen verschiedener Spannungspotentiale erreicht werden. Schematisch angedeutet ist eine solche Vorrichtung 33 dadurch, dass die Leitungen für das Fluid 30 von der Pumpe 31 zur Fluidbenetzungseinheit 27 auf Erdpotential liegt.As the material 10 is conveyed through the fluid mist 29, the fluid droplets strike and wet the material 10. Wetting may be assisted by the presence of an electrical potential difference between the fluid droplets and the material. Potential differences can be achieved by friction or the application of different voltage potentials. Schematically, such a device 33 is characterized in that the lines for the fluid 30 from the pump 31 to the fluid wetting unit 27 is at ground potential.

Zur Unterstützung der Bildung von Potentialunterschieden können bestimmte Bauteile aus einem speziellen Werkstoff gefertigt sein oder über eine spezielle Beschichtung verfügen. Als spezielle Materialien kommen solche in Betracht, die aufgrund der Reibung der Besonders geeignet sind dafür das Gebläse 14, die Transportleitung 16, die Düse 18 und die Einbauten 19, sowie die Fluid führenden Teile 27, 28, 31 und 32.To support the formation of potential differences, certain components may be made of a special material or have a special coating. As special materials are those considered, which are particularly suitable for the fan 14, the transport line 16, the nozzle 18 and the internals 19, and the fluid-carrying parts 27, 28, 31 and 32 due to the friction.

Die Fluidbenetzungseinheit 27 besteht aus einer Vielzahl von Düsen 28, die an der strömungsabgewandten Seite angebracht sind.The fluid wetting unit 27 consists of a plurality of nozzles 28, which are mounted on the downstream side.

Das mit Fluid 30 benetzte Material 10 gelangt zur Abtrennung von Luftstrom in einen Materialabscheider 34 und wird einer weiteren Verarbeitung oder Lagerung 35 zugeführt. Die Überluft 36 des Materialabscheiders 34 wird entweder an die Umgebung als Abluft 38 abgegeben (eventuell nach erfolgter Abluftreinigung) oder dem Prozess als Rückluft 37 wieder zugeführt.The wetted material with fluid 30 10 passes for the separation of air flow in a material separator 34 and is supplied to a further processing or storage 35. The over-air 36 of the material separator 34 is either discharged to the environment as exhaust air 38 (possibly after exhaust air purification) or fed back to the process as return air 37.

Das Verhältnis von Abluft 38 zur Rückluft 37 wird mittels den beiden Regelklappen 39 eingestellt.The ratio of exhaust air 38 to the return air 37 is adjusted by means of the two control valves 39.

Die Querschnitte der Transportleitung 16 und des Steigrohres 17 sind bevorzugt rotationssymmetrisch, aber auch jede andere Querschnittform ist denkbar wie z.B. quadratisch, rechteckförmig, polygonförmig oder elliptisch.The cross sections of the transport line 16 and the riser 17 are preferably rotationally symmetrical, but any other cross-sectional shape is conceivable such. square, rectangular, polygonal or elliptical.

Eine Ausführungsform für das Aufbringen von Bindemittel bzw. Additiven auf Holzfasern zeigt die Fig. 3. Getrocknete Holzfasern aus dem Trockner werden im Zyklon 101 von der Trocknerluft getrennt und von diesem mittels einer Zellradschleuse 102 ausgetragen. Die Holzfasern 103 weisen üblicherweise eine Feuchtigkeit im Bereich zwischen 5 bis 15 % auf. Ein Transportband 104 übernimmt die Holzfasern und fördert diese zur Fasertransportleitung 105. Das Fasergebläse 106 bringt die Holzfasern 103 zusammen mit der Transportluft 107 zur Düse 108, welche die Fasern achsparallel in das Steigrohr 109 entlässt.An embodiment for the application of binder or additives on wood fibers is shown in FIG. 3. Dried wood fibers from the dryer are separated from the dryer air in the cyclone 101 and discharged therefrom by means of a rotary valve 102. The wood fibers 103 usually have a humidity in the range between 5 to 15%. A conveyor belt 104 takes over the wood fibers and conveys them to the fiber transport line 105. The fiber fan 106 brings the wood fibers 103 together with the transport air 107 to the nozzle 108, which releases the fibers into the riser 109 parallel to the axis.

Der Durchmesser der Transportleitung 105 ist deutlich geringer, als jener des Steigrohres 109. Ein Durchmesserverhältnis von D1:D2 = 3:1 bis 7:1, insbesondere 4:1 bis 6:1, vorzugsweise von etwa 5:1 hat sich als günstig herausgestellt.The diameter of the transport line 105 is significantly lower than that of the riser 109. A diameter ratio of D1: D2 = 3: 1 to 7: 1, in particular 4: 1 to 6: 1, preferably from about 5: 1 has been found to be favorable ,

Ein Luftgebläse 110 führt dem Steigrohr 109 Luft zu. Zur Regelung der Luftmenge im Steigrohr 109 dient die Umgehungsleitung 111, die in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung der Regelklappe 112 einen Teilstrom der Luft am Steigrohr 109 vorbeiführt und in das Steigrohr vor dessen Einlass in den Zyklon 113 einmündet. Damit wird gewährleistet, dass einerseits der Zyklon 113 unabhängig von der über das Steigrohr 109 geführten Luftmenge am idealen Arbeitspunkt arbeitet und andererseits die für eine optimale Funktionsweise der Vorrichtung benötigte Luftmenge im Steigrohr 109 vorhanden ist.An air blower 110 supplies air to the riser 109. To control the amount of air in the riser 109, the bypass line 111 serves, depending on the position of the control flap 112 a partial flow of air past the riser 109 and opens into the riser before its entry into the cyclone 113. This ensures that, on the one hand, the cyclone 113 operates independently of the amount of air guided via the riser 109 at the ideal operating point and, on the other hand, the air quantity required for optimum functioning of the device is present in the riser 109.

Einbauten 114 im Einlaufbereich des Steigrohres 109 sollen die einströmende Luft 115 in bekannter Weise über den Querschnitt verteilen. Im Bereich der Düse 108 vermischen sich die Transportluft 107, die Holzfasern 103 und die Luft 115 und bewegen sich rohraufwärts. Eine vertikale Anordnung des Steigrohres 109 bietet für diese Materialart gewisse Vorteile, eine waagrechte oder schräge Anordnung ist ebenso denkbar.Internals 114 in the inlet region of the riser 109 to distribute the incoming air 115 in a known manner over the cross section. In the area of the nozzle 108, the transport air 107, the wood fibers 103 and the air 115 mix and move upriver. A vertical arrangement of the riser 109 offers certain advantages for this type of material, a horizontal or oblique arrangement is also conceivable.

Ein Bindemittel 116 wird von einer Pumpe 118 aus dem Vorratsbehälter 117 in einen Verteiltopf 119 gefördert. Dieser versorgt mehrere Düsenlanzen 120, auf denen eine Vielzahl von Airless-Hochdruckdüsen angeordnet sind. Die Anzahl der Düsen beträgt etwa 20 bis 50 Stück je 1000 kg Holzfasern, die über die Anlage je Stunde geführt werden. Der Druckbereich der Düsen liegt zwischen 10 bis 80 bar, bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 40 bar.A binder 116 is conveyed by a pump 118 from the reservoir 117 into a distribution pot 119. This supplies a plurality of nozzle lances 120, on which a plurality of airless high-pressure nozzles are arranged. The number of nozzles is about 20 to 50 pieces per 1000 kg Wood fibers, which are led over the plant per hour. The pressure range of the nozzles is between 10 to 80 bar, preferably between 20 and 40 bar.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt die Position der Düsenlanzen nach der Düse 108, wodurch ein Kontakt der Düsenlanzen 120 und der Düsen 121 mit den Holzfasern möglich ist. Eine Anordnung in Höhe der Düse 108 oder unterhalb zur vermeidung des Kontaktes mit den Holzfasern ist aber ebenso denkbar.Fig. 3 shows the position of the nozzle lances after the nozzle 108, whereby a contact of the nozzle lances 120 and the nozzles 121 with the wood fibers is possible. An arrangement in the amount of the nozzle 108 or below to avoid contact with the wood fibers is also conceivable.

Fig. 4 zeigt im Schnitt die Anordnung der Lanzen 120 im Steigrohr 109. So ist eine sternförmige Anordnung (Fig. 4a) der Lanzen 120 mit den Düsen 121 ebenso denkbar wie eine parallele Anordnung (Fig. 4b).Fig. 4 shows in section the arrangement of the lances 120 in the riser 109. Thus, a star-shaped arrangement (Fig. 4a) of the lances 120 with the nozzles 121 is also conceivable as a parallel arrangement (Fig. 4b).

Die Holzfasern 103 strömen in Fig. 3 im Steigrohr 109 durch den Bindemittelnebel 122, wodurch ein gleichmäßiges Benetzen der Fasern erfolgt. Der Zyklon 113 trennt die Fasern vom Luftstrom. Die Abluft aus dem Zyklon kann dem Gebläse 110 über die Rückluftleitung 123 in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung der Regelklappe 125 teilweise wieder zugeführt werden, Überluft wird über die Leitung 124 an die Umgebung abgeführt. Das Heizregister 126 ermöglicht ein Anwärmen der Luft 115. Die so beleimten Holzfasern 103a werden der weiteren Fertigung zugeführt.The wood fibers 103 flow in Fig. 3 in the riser 109 through the binder mist 122, whereby a uniform wetting of the fibers takes place. The cyclone 113 separates the fibers from the airflow. The exhaust air from the cyclone can be partially re-supplied to the fan 110 via the return air line 123 in dependence on the position of the control flap 125, over-air is discharged via the line 124 to the environment. The heating register 126 allows the air 115 to be heated. The wood fibers 103a glued in this way are supplied for further production.

Zusätzlich zum Bindemittel können auch Additive auf die Holzfasern aufgebracht werden. Eine Möglichkeit ist die Zuführung als Mischung aus Bindemittel und Additiven, eine getrennte Zuführung mit zwei getrennten Auftragssystemen 120 und 131 und getrennten Düsenebenen ist ebenso möglich. Fig. 3 zeigt diese Variante mit der Vorrichtung 130, wobei die Nebelzone der Additive örtlich getrennt von der Nebelzone 122 sein kann.In addition to the binder, additives can also be applied to the wood fibers. One possibility is the supply as a mixture of binder and additives, a separate feed with two separate application systems 120 and 131 and separate nozzle levels is also possible. Fig. 3 shows this variant with the device 130, wherein the mist zone of the additives may be locally separate from the mist zone 122.

Ein gemeinsames Aufbringen von Bindemittel und Additiven in einer einzigen Düsenebene ist ebenso denkbar. Dazu werden bestimmte Lanzen 120 mit Bindemittel beaufschlagt, und andere Lanzen der selben Düsenebene mit Additiven.A common application of binder and additives in a single nozzle level is also conceivable. For this purpose, certain lances 120 are subjected to binder, and other lances of the same nozzle level with additives.

Die nachfolgenden Beispiele 1 bis 3 verdeutlichen die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The following examples 1 to 3 illustrate the advantages of the method according to the invention.

BEISPIEL 1:EXAMPLE 1:

In einer Vorrichtung zur Trockenbeleimung von Holzfasern nach Fig. 3 werden ca. 3000 kg/h Holzfasern beleimt. Die Fasern stammen aus einer herkömmlichen MDF-Fertigungslinie nach dem Trockenverfahren. Eine Beleimung über das Blasrohr ist ebenso möglich wie eine Beleimung ausschließlich über die Trockenbeleimungsvorrichtung. Das Führungsrohr ist als senkrechtes Steigrohr ausgebildet mit einem Durchmesserverhältnis Steigrohr zu Transportrohr von 3:1.In a device for Trockenbeleimung of wood fibers of Fig. 3, about 3000 kg / h of wood fibers are glued. The fibers come from a conventional dry-process MDF production line. A gluing over the blowpipe is just as possible as a gluing exclusively on the dry gluing device. The guide tube is designed as a vertical riser with a diameter ratio riser to transport tube of 3: 1.

Die Luftgeschwindigkeit in der Transportleitung beträgt etwa 8 - 12 m/s, jene des Förderluftstromes im Steigrohr zwischen 20 und 30 m/s.The air velocity in the transport line is about 8 - 12 m / s, that of the conveying air flow in the riser between 20 and 30 m / s.

Es werden herkömmliche MDF-Platten nach der herkömmlichen Blasrohrbeleimung mit folgenden Eigenschaften hergestellt:

  • Dichte 760 kg/m3
  • Leimtype: herkömmlicher UF-Leim
  • Leimmenge: 12 Gew-% Festharz auf Holzfasertrockenmasse
  • Wachsemulsion: 0,6% Festwachs bezogen auf Holzfasertrockenmasse
  • Plattenstärke: 15mm
  • Biegefestigkeit: 35N/mm2
  • Biege-Elastizitätsmodul: 3500 N/mm2
  • Querzugfestigkeit: 1,00 N/mm2
  • 24-Stunden Dickenquellung: 9,0%
Conventional MDF panels are produced according to the conventional blowpipe gluing with the following properties:
  • Density 760 kg / m 3
  • Glue type: conventional UF glue
  • Leenenge: 12% by weight of solid resin on wood fiber dry mass
  • Wax emulsion: 0.6% solid wax based on wood fiber dry matter
  • Plate thickness: 15mm
  • Flexural strength: 35N / mm 2
  • Flexural modulus of elasticity: 3500 N / mm 2
  • Transverse tensile strength: 1.00 N / mm 2
  • 24-hour thickness swelling: 9.0%

Die Beleimung wurde dann insofern verändert, dass 4,5% Leimmenge bezogen auf die Trockenmasse über die Blasleitung dosiert wurde und 4,5% über die Trockenbeleimungsvorrichtung. Die Eigenschaften der so hergestellten Platte veränderten sich dadurch nicht signifikant. Das Bindemittel, welches über die Trockenbeleimungsvorrichtung aufgebracht wurde, war deutlich reaktiver als jenes der Blasrohrbeleimung, wodurch der Pressfaktor um etwa 15% von 10 s/mm auf 8,5 s/mm reduziert werden konnte.The gluing was then changed in such a way that 4.5% glue content based on the dry matter was metered in via the blowing line and 4.5% via the dry gluing device. The properties of the plate thus produced did not change significantly. The binder applied over the dry scrubber was significantly more reactive than that of the blowpipe gluing, which reduced the press factor by about 15% from 10 s / mm to 8.5 s / mm.

Die Beleimung wurde dann insofern verändert dass die gesamte Bindemittelmenge von 5,5% bezogen auf die Holztrockenmasse mit der Trockenbeleimungsvorrichtung aufgebracht wurde. Der Pressfaktor konnte auf 7 s/mm reduziert werden. Die Eigenschaften der so hergestellten Platte veränderten sich dadurch nicht signifikantThe size of the gluing was then changed so that the total binder amount of 5.5% based on the dry wood mass was applied with the dry gluing device. The press factor could be reduced to 7 s / mm. The properties of the plate thus produced did not change significantly

BEISPIEL 2: EXAMPLE 2

Die selbe. Vorrichtung wurde für die Herstellung von HDF-Platten verwendet. Als Bindemittel wurde ein mit 6% Melamin verstärktes UF-Harz verwendet.The same. Device was used for the production of HDF plates. The binder used was a UF resin reinforced with 6% melamine.

Es werden HDF-Platten nach der herkömmlichen Blasrohrbeleimung mit folgenden Eigenschaften hergestellt:

  • Dichte 900 kg/m3
  • Leimtype: MUF-Leim 6%ig
  • Leimmenge: 15 Gew-% Festharz auf Holzfasertrockenmasse
  • Wachsemulsion: 1,8% Festwachs bezogen auf Holzfasertrockenmasse
  • Plattenstärke: 8 mm
  • Biegefestigkeit: 50 N/mm2
  • Biege-Elastizitätsmodul: 5000 N/mm2
  • Querzugfestigkeit: 1,83 N/mm2
  • 24-Stunden Dickenquellung: 10 %
HDF panels are produced according to the conventional blowpipe gluing with the following properties:
  • Density 900 kg / m 3
  • Glue type: MUF glue 6%
  • Leenenge: 15% by weight of solid resin on wood fiber dry matter
  • Wax emulsion: 1.8% solid wax based on wood fiber dry matter
  • Plate thickness: 8 mm
  • Bending strength: 50 N / mm 2
  • Flexural modulus of elasticity: 5000 N / mm 2
  • Transverse tensile strength: 1.83 N / mm 2
  • 24-hour thick swelling: 10%

Die Beleimung wurde dann wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben auf ein Verhältnis von Blasrohrbeleimung : Trockenbeleimung von 6%:5% verändert. Die Eigenschaften der so hergestellten HDF-Platte veränderten sich dadurch nicht signifikant. Der Pressfaktor konnte von 9 s/mm auf 7,5 s/mm reduziert werden.The sizing was then changed to a ratio of blown pipe sizing: dry sizing of 6%: 5% as described in Example 1. The properties of the HDF plate thus produced did not change significantly. The press factor could be reduced from 9 s / mm to 7.5 s / mm.

Die Beleimung wurde dann insofern verändert dass die gesamte Bindemittelmenge von 8% bezogen auf die Holztrockenmasse mit der Trockenbeleimungsvorrichtung aufgebracht wurde. Der Pressfaktor konnte auf 6,3 s/mm reduziert werden. Die Eigenschaften der so hergestellten Platte veränderten sich dadurch nicht signifikant.The size of the gluing was then changed so that the total binder amount of 8% based on the dry wood mass was applied with the dry gluing device. The press factor could be reduced to 6.3 s / mm. The properties of the plate thus produced did not change significantly.

BEISPIEL 3:EXAMPLE 3

In Analogie zu den Beispielen 1 und 2 werden LDF-Platten mit einem Isocyanat als Bindemittel hergestellt. Im konkreten handelt es sich um eine diffusionsoffene Faserplatte, die insbesondere für Dach- und wandschalungen geeignet ist. Die Platteneigenschaften waren wie folgt:

  • Dichte 625 kg/m3
  • Plattenstärke: 15mm
  • Leimmenge: 5%
  • Wachsemulsion: 2,2 Gew.% Festwachs
  • Wasserdampfdiffusionswiederstandszahl: ca. 11
  • Wärmedurchgangskoeffizient k: 6,7 m2K/W
  • Querzugsfestigkeit: 0,35 N/mm2
  • Biegefestigkeit: 17,8 N/mm2
  • Biege-Elastizitätsmodul: 2150 N/mm2
  • 24-Stunden Dickenquellung: 9,0%
In analogy to Examples 1 and 2, LDF plates are prepared with an isocyanate as a binder. Specifically, it is a diffusion-open fiberboard, which is particularly suitable for roof and wall formwork. The plate properties were as follows:
  • Density 625 kg / m 3
  • Plate thickness: 15mm
  • Leenenge: 5%
  • Wax emulsion: 2.2% by weight of solid wax
  • Water vapor diffusion resistance number: approx. 11
  • Heat transfer coefficient k: 6.7 m 2 K / W
  • Transverse tensile strength: 0.35 N / mm 2
  • Flexural strength: 17.8 N / mm 2
  • Flexural Modulus of Elasticity: 2150 N / mm 2
  • 24-hour thickness swelling: 9.0%

Die Beleimung wurde wie in nachfolgender Tabelle variiert ohne eine signifikante Veränderung der Platteneigenschaften zu erhalten: Beleimung Blasrohr: 2% 0% Trockenbeleimung: 2% 3% Gluing was varied as in the following table without significant change in plate properties: Glue blowing pipe: 2% 0% dry gluing: 2% 3%

Claims (4)

  1. A process for wetting wood fibres with a binder fluid,
    characterised
    - in that the wood fibres (10, 103) are supplied to a feed pipe (17, 109) by a stream of transporting air,
    - in that a stream of conveying air is generated in the feed pipe (17, 109),
    - in that the wood fibres (10, 103) supplied to the stream of conveying air by the stream of transporting air are conveyed in the feed pipe,
    - in that the binder fluid (30, 116) is supplied from the outside and is distributed in the feed pipe (17, 109), and
    - in that the wood fibres (10, 103) are at least partly wetted with the distributed binder fluid (30, 116).
  2. A process according to Claim 1, in which the wood fibres (10, 103) are conveyed substantially vertically upwards in the feed pipe.
  3. A process according to Claim 2, in which an additive in the form of a fluid or in the form of a solid dispersed in a fluid is added to the stream of conveying air and the wood fibres (10, 103) are at least partly wetted with the additive.
  4. A process for manufacturing a fibreboard, in particular a medium-density fibreboard (MDF), a high-density fibreboard (HDF) or a low-density fibreboard (LDF) comprising at least a proportion of wood fibres (10, 103) and a proportion of binder,
    - in which wood is opened up in a digester under the action of heat and pressure,
    - in which the opened-up wood is mechanically broken up into fibres,
    - in which the mixture thus produced of water, water vapour and wood fibres (10, 103) is supplied to a drier (1) with the aid of a blowline,
    - in which the wood fibres (10, 103) are at least partly separated and dried in the drier,
    - in which the dried wood fibres (10, 103) are at least partly wetted with the aid of the process according to one of Claims 1 to 3 with a binder fluid (30, 116),
    - in which the wood fibres (10, 103) which have been at least partly wetted with binder fluid (30, 116) are supplied to a shaping line in order to manufacture a shaped cake, and
    - in which a fibreboard is produced from the shaped cake with the aid of a press.
EP02802312A 2001-11-02 2002-11-04 Method and device for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid Expired - Lifetime EP1441884B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10153593 2001-11-02
DE10153593A DE10153593B4 (en) 2001-11-02 2001-11-02 Apparatus and method for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid
PCT/EP2002/012286 WO2003037582A1 (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-04 Method and device for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid

Publications (2)

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EP1441884A1 EP1441884A1 (en) 2004-08-04
EP1441884B1 true EP1441884B1 (en) 2006-05-10

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EP02802312A Expired - Lifetime EP1441884B1 (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-04 Method and device for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid

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US (1) US7588832B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1441884B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100345671C (en)
AT (1) ATE325689T1 (en)
BG (1) BG108701A (en)
BR (1) BR0213827B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2464948C (en)
CZ (1) CZ301590B6 (en)
DE (2) DE10153593B4 (en)
DK (1) DK1441884T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2264739T3 (en)
PL (1) PL206764B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1441884E (en)
RU (1) RU2288094C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2003037582A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ301590B6 (en) 2010-04-28
PL368277A1 (en) 2005-03-21
RU2004116690A (en) 2005-06-27
DK1441884T3 (en) 2006-09-04
BR0213827B1 (en) 2012-03-20
DE10153593B4 (en) 2005-11-17
CA2464948A1 (en) 2003-05-08
PT1441884E (en) 2006-09-29
RU2288094C2 (en) 2006-11-27
ATE325689T1 (en) 2006-06-15
BG108701A (en) 2005-03-31
BR0213827A (en) 2004-08-31
DE10153593A1 (en) 2003-05-22
PL206764B1 (en) 2010-09-30
CN100345671C (en) 2007-10-31
WO2003037582A1 (en) 2003-05-08
CN1596177A (en) 2005-03-16
US7588832B2 (en) 2009-09-15
US20050064169A1 (en) 2005-03-24
CZ2004555A3 (en) 2004-12-15
EP1441884A1 (en) 2004-08-04
ES2264739T3 (en) 2007-01-16
DE50206760D1 (en) 2006-06-14
CA2464948C (en) 2008-08-05

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