EP0521591A2 - Polariseur de rayon lumineux et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Polariseur de rayon lumineux et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0521591A2
EP0521591A2 EP92250172A EP92250172A EP0521591A2 EP 0521591 A2 EP0521591 A2 EP 0521591A2 EP 92250172 A EP92250172 A EP 92250172A EP 92250172 A EP92250172 A EP 92250172A EP 0521591 A2 EP0521591 A2 EP 0521591A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal particles
light
transparent substrate
wavelength
transparent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92250172A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0521591B1 (fr
EP0521591A3 (en
Inventor
Robert E. Slocum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polatomic Inc
Original Assignee
Polatomic Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polatomic Inc filed Critical Polatomic Inc
Publication of EP0521591A2 publication Critical patent/EP0521591A2/fr
Publication of EP0521591A3 publication Critical patent/EP0521591A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0521591B1 publication Critical patent/EP0521591B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3058Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/08Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of polarising materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to light polarizers, and more particularly to light polarizers and a method of manufacture using prolate spheroid metal particles deposited on a transparent sheet substrate.
  • Sheet polarizers were developed to replace beam-splitter polarizers which are expensive, bulky and of limited size.
  • the art of sheet polarizing material is well known dating from Edwin H. Land's invention of the H-sheet dichroic polarizer in 1938.
  • Production of plastic polarizing materials in sheet form is a two step process. First, a suspension medium containing long chain molecules is stretched to align those long chain molecules. Second, polarizing dichroic molecules are added to the medium or included in the medium which attach themselves so as to be oriented along the aligned chain molecules.
  • the light polarizing particles may also be dispersed in the medium and aligned by extruding, rolling or stretching the medium.
  • Polarizing glasses have been prepared where ellipsoidal metallic particles are dissolved in the glass. The polarizing action is based on the fact that the ellipsoidal metal particles absorb light polarized along the long axis and transmit light polarized perpendicular to the long axis.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 3,540,793; 4,125,404; and 4,125,405 disclose a polarizing action in photochrome glasses containing silver halides which are darkened with actinic radiation in the range 350 nm to 410 nm and bleached with linearly polarized. bleaching light.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 3,653,863 and 4,282,022 disclose the manufacture of highly polarizing glasses starting with glass which is phase separable or photochromic and contains a silver halide which is heat treated to form silver halide particles of the desired size. The glass is then subjected to a two step process. First, the glass is heated at an elevated temperature between the annealing point and the melting point (500°C to 600°C) followed by stretching, extruding or rolling the glass containing the silver halide particles to elongate them and orient the particles to an ellipsoidal shape. Second, the glass is subjected to irradiation by actinic radiation to produce silver metal on the surface of the silver halide particles.
  • a further method for making polarizing glass is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,479,819 for the near infrared spectral region described as 700 nm to 3000 nm by improved glass drawing and high temperature reduction techniques.
  • a further method is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,486,213 for the cladding of a core polarizing glass with a skin glass in order to achieve high aspect ratios for the elongated metal particles.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,908,054 discloses methods for improving the contrast and the bandwidth of polarization action for the product described in U.S. Patent No. 4,479,819.
  • a third class of polarizers are Hertzian polarizers which place metal wires on the surface of a transparent optical material.
  • Heinrich Hertz demonstrated a method for polarizing radiation using an array of parallel reflective wires which were long compared to the wavelength of the radiation to be polarized, and the wires were separated by a distance much less than the wavelength to be polarized.
  • the Hertzian polarizer is often configured as a grid of wires but can also be irregularly spaced wires which meet the polarization conditions.
  • the Hertzian polarizer transmits the radiation with electrical vector perpendicular to the wires and reflects radiation with electrical vector parallel to the wires.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,046,839 discloses a method of manufacturing a Hertzian polarizer on the surface of an optical material by forming a diffraction grating on the surface.
  • the diffraction grating consists of grooves and the groove tips are evaporatively coated with metal to form an array of metal filaments.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,353,895 discloses a method of manufacturing a Hertzian polarizing material by forming metal filaments using an evaporative shadowing method. Evaporated metal is directed near the grazing angle toward a bumpy transparent material covered with protuberances.
  • Metal filaments of a Hertzian polarizer are produced by forming filaments which lie along side the protuberances and are separated by the shadows cast by the protuberances.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 3,969,545 and 4,049,338 disclose a Hertzian polarizer having filaments of metal which are evaporatively deposited on smooth surfaces of transparent optical material.
  • the metal elements of the Hertzian polarizer are silver whiskers grown on the surface by grazing angle vacuum deposition of silver.
  • Each of the three classes of sheet polarizers lack characteristics to produce a high performance polarizing material suitable for both the visible and near-infrared spectral region (400 nm to 3,000 nm).
  • the plastic sheet polarizers have poor performance in the near-infrared spectral region and are easily damaged because of the softness of plastic.
  • the Hertzian polarizers applied to optically transparent materials reflect rather than absorbs the unwanted polarization components of radiation which is particularly undesirable for ophthalmic and display applications.
  • the Hertzian method although successfully applied to the near-infrared spectral region, has not been effectively extended to the visible portion of the spectrum because of the difficulty of producing a uniform density of metal filaments spaced at separations much less than the wavelength of light.
  • the polarizing glass method is limited to glasses which are highly specialized compositions containing silver.
  • the polarizing glasses under the trademark POLACOR are effective near-infrared polarizers, the original goal of manufacturing ophthalmic quality glass for use in quality and prescription sunglasses has not be achieved. This unmet goal is due to the complexity and difficulty of the shaping and heating of specialty glasses and a failure to control the shape and uniformity of the polarizing metal particles for the visible spectral region.
  • the present invention sets forth a method of making polarizing material having high contrast in the visible and near-infrared spectral bands (400 nm to 3,000 nm).
  • the method consists of covering the surface of an optical material with aligned prolate spheroid metal particles.
  • the light polarization component parallel the alignment direction is absorbed and the polarization component perpendicular to the alignment direction is transmitted.
  • the wavelength of peak polarization is determined by the length-to-width ratio of the prolate spheroid metal particles and the refractive index of transparent material surrounding the metal particles.
  • a light polarizing material is disclosed which has contrast greater than 10,000 for wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared spectral band.
  • the material is comprised of prolate spheroid silver particles uniformly distributed and aligned on the surface of an optical material.
  • a method is set forth for making polarizing material by evaporatively coating a smooth glass surface with multiple layers of prolate spheroid metal particles.
  • the wavelength of peak absorption can be selected to fall at a desired wavelength in the range from 400 nm to 3,000 nm by control of the deposition process.
  • a method is disclosed for the evaporative deposition of metal particles directly on to a smooth optical surface and locating the wavelength of peak absorption by variation of the multilayer deposition process.
  • the anisotropic polarization dependence of the optical absorbance of spheroidal metal particles is well known from such texts as van de Hulst and the suspension of such particles in glass (Corning) or plastics (Land).
  • SERS Surfaced Enhanced Ramann Scattering
  • Scientific investigators have observed weak polarization effects in metal thin films.
  • the present invention places metal particles on the surface of a transparent optical material in such a way as to achieve significant anisotropic absorption of light with large transmission of the polarization component vibrating perpendicular to the alignment axis and large absorbance of the component vibrating parallel to the alignment axis so as to make the material useful as a polarizer.
  • the present invention includes a process for selecting the particle volume and aspect ratio to effectively tune the wavelength of peak polarization of the material to the desired wavelength in the range covering 450 pm to 3000 nm.
  • a transparent optical element selected for the substrate of the polarizing material may comprise, for example, a 25 mm diameter disc of BK-7 glass which has been polished to an optical quality, microscopically smooth finish.
  • a method for the application of a coating of silver particles to the surface of a substrate is evaporative vacuum deposition.
  • An important aspect of the present invention is the deposition technique of impinging evaporated metal on the substrate at an angle near the grazing angle greater than 85 degrees to the normal of the substrate surface to form prolate spheroids on the surface of the substrate.
  • the method utilizes a vacuum deposition systems generally identified by the numeral 10.
  • a substrate 12 having a microscopically smooth surface 12a is mounted on a substrate holder 14 in a bell jar 16.
  • Substrate 12 is mounted to substrate holder 14 by utilizing, for example, screws or adhesive.
  • Substrate holder 14 is attached to a support 18 through a pin 20 which allows substrate holder 14 and substrate 12 to pivot or rotate relative to support 18.
  • the deposition system 10 includes a heater element 22 having a receptacle 24 for retaining material, such as in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, metal source 26 to be vaporized.
  • Heater element 22 is connected to heater electrodes 28 and 30 which are in turn connected to a source of power (not shown).
  • Between metal source 26 and substrate 12 is a collimating apparatus 32 having a collimating slit or aperture 34.
  • the substrate 12 is mounted to substrate holder 14 and positioned at the desired angle to a metal deposition beam 36 at a distance of approximately 20 cm from the metal source 26 inside bell jar 16.
  • the substrate holder 14 is designed so that the substrate 12 can be rotated 180 degrees about the normal to substrate 12 at the center of substrate 12.
  • Substrate Position 1 as used herein will refer to the alignment of substrate 12 at 0 degrees between the direction of impinging metal deposition beam 36 and an axis 38 to substrate 12 as shown in Figure 1.
  • Substrate Position 2 as used herein will refer to alignment of substrate 12 when rotated 180 degrees from Position 1 about an axis in the center of the substrate 12 normal to the surface.
  • the process according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes first cleaning surface 12a of substrate 12 before mounting substrate 12 in bell jar 16.
  • the metal source 26 to be vapor deposited is placed in receptacle 24 which in turn is connected to a source of current.
  • the bell jar 16 is evacuated to a pressure less than 0.00001 torr using known techniques.
  • metal atoms adhere to the surface of the substrate 12 and form a prolate spheroid shape particle with the long axis of the spheroid aligned with the direction of the evaporated metal deposition beam 36.
  • a metal of choice for a preferred embodiment of the present invention is pure silver. Samples in accordance with the present invention described herein were prepared by evaporating 0.125 cc of silver, but only a small faction of the silver actually is deposited on the surface 12a of substrate 12.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates the resulting vaporized metal pattern on surface 12a of substrate 12 to form a plurality of prolate spheroid shaped particles 40 with their longitudinal axis aligned with the direction of the evaporated metal deposition beam 36.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates a transmission electron microscope picture of the coating formed.
  • a variety of deposition techniques have been developed for preparing island film of disconnected metal particle with shapes which are spherical, ellipsoidal and in the shape of whiskers.
  • the present method provides for preparation of silver metal particles which exhibit the distinctive polarization behavior of prolate metal spheroids.
  • the process provides for selecting the wavelength of peak polarization by causing the evaporated metal 26 to impinge on substrate surface 12a in a specific sequence of impingement directions with a specific fraction of silver arriving at the surface 12a in each sequence. This procedure physically selects the effective length-to-width ratio of the metal particles 40 which determines the wavelength of peak polarization.
  • the wavelength of peak absorption can be shifted to longer wavelength by increasing the refractive index of the medium which surrounds the metal particles 40.
  • the metal particles 40 which are deposited directly on the surface of the substrate 12 are effectively surrounded by air with a refractive index of 1.0.
  • the refractive index can be increased by evaporatively or chemically coating substrate 12 with material having a high index of refraction. This method of wavelength selection is demonstrated herein by the application of an optical adhesive with refractive index of 1.50.
  • the film has contrast of about 235 at 900 nm. Contrast is defined as k1/k2 where k1 is the maximum transmittance (light linearly polarized perpendicular the long axis) and k2 is the minimum transmittance (light polarized parallel the long axis).
  • the contrast curve is illustrated as curve 50 in FIGURE 4.
  • a second deposition method divides the process into four parts so that half the silver is deposited in Position 1 and half of the silver is deposited in Position 2.
  • the contrast at 700 nm is about 214.
  • the contrast curve is illustrated as curve 52 in FIGURE 4.
  • a third deposition method divides the process into 6 parts so that one half of the silver is deposited in Position 1 and one half of the silver is deposited in Position 2.
  • the contrast is about 153.
  • the contrast curve is illustrated as curve 54 in FIGURE 4.
  • a fifth deposition method includes the process of the first deposition method described above and then coating the surface of the metal film with optical adhesive (Norlin) which has an index of refraction of 1.50.
  • the wavelength of peak absorption shifts from 900 nm to 1350 nm.
  • This method illustrates the analytical prediction stating that the wavelength of peak polarization will be approximately equal to the wavelength of peak polarization in air times in index of refraction of the material surrounding the particles.
  • the contrast curve is illustrated as curve 58 in FIGURE 4.
  • a sixth deposition method includes the process of the third deposition method described above with the following modification in the preparation of the substrate 12 in order to improve the polarizing characteristics of the material at 600 nm.
  • Substrate 12 is first coated with silver and heat treated prior to application of the third method.
  • the substrate 12 is coated by the first method described above using 0.025 cc of silver for the total evaporation.
  • the substrate 12 is heated in a vacuum system for 4 minutes at a distance of 10 cm from receptacle 24 at the temperature normally required to evaporate silver.
  • the precoat of heated silver joins the silver deposited according to the third method to produce improved contrast of 1466 at 600 nm as shown by curve 60 on FIGURE 5.
  • the layer of silver particles deposited on substrate 12 can be formed by transfer from another substrate by lift-off techniques.
  • the original deposition surface is precoated with a light coat of Teflon which is invisible to the eye.
  • the silver particles are deposited on top of the Teflon precoat.
  • Substrate 12 is coated with optical adhesive which is pressed against the surface of the substrate coated with silver particles. The adhesive is cured and the substrates are separated leaving the silver particle film transferred to the surface of substrate 12 by attachment to the optical adhesive.
  • lithographic methods may be utilized for depositing the metal particles 40 such as described in "Optical Absorbance of Silver Ellipsoidal Particles"; M. C. Buncick, R. J. Warmack and T. L. Ferrell; J. Opt. Society of American B ; Vol. 4, June 1987, page 927-933; and "Fabrication of a High Density Storage Medium for Electron Beam Memory”; J. A. Oro and J. C. Wolf; J. Vac. Science Technology B1(4) ; Oct-Dec 1983, page 1088-1090.
  • the present invention provides for a polarizer and method for manufacturing polarizing material having high performance for both the visible and near-infrared spectral region.
  • the present invention provides for covering the surface of an optical material with aligned prolate spheroid metal particles in which the light polarization component parallel to the alignment direction of the metal particles is absorbed and the polarization component perpendicular to the alignment of the metal particles is transmitted.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
EP92250172A 1991-07-03 1992-07-02 Polariseur de rayon lumineux et procédé pour sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0521591B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US725521 1991-07-03
US07/725,521 US5122907A (en) 1991-07-03 1991-07-03 Light polarizer and method of manufacture

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0521591A2 true EP0521591A2 (fr) 1993-01-07
EP0521591A3 EP0521591A3 (en) 1993-02-17
EP0521591B1 EP0521591B1 (fr) 1995-10-11

Family

ID=24914890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92250172A Expired - Lifetime EP0521591B1 (fr) 1991-07-03 1992-07-02 Polariseur de rayon lumineux et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5122907A (fr)
EP (1) EP0521591B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69205347T2 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0744634A2 (fr) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-27 Kyocera Corporation Polarisateur et méthode de fabrication
US5999315A (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-12-07 Kyocera Corporation Polarizer and a production method thereof and an optical isolator
WO2000002069A1 (fr) * 1998-07-04 2000-01-13 F.O.B. Gmbh Gesellschaft Zur Fertigung Farbiger Optoelektronischer Bauelemente Procede de production de polariseurs d'uv
EP0999459A2 (fr) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-10 Corning Incorporated Polariseur pour la lumière visible et ultraviolet puis son procédé de fabrication
WO2002077679A1 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Dispositifs de polarisation dichroiques colores et leur procede de realisation

Families Citing this family (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9201561A (nl) * 1992-09-07 1994-04-05 Docdata Bv Polarisatiefilter alsmede werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan.
IL107539A0 (en) * 1992-11-09 1994-02-27 Honeywell Inc A reflective polarizer
JPH06265822A (ja) * 1993-03-12 1994-09-22 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd 光アイソレータ
US6524773B1 (en) 1996-03-28 2003-02-25 Corning Incorporated Polarizing glasses having integral non-polarizing regions
US6171762B1 (en) 1996-03-28 2001-01-09 Corning Incorporated Polarizing glasses having integral non-polarizing regions
JP3492864B2 (ja) 1996-09-30 2004-02-03 京セラ株式会社 偏光素子の製造方法
KR100506637B1 (ko) * 1996-12-04 2005-08-10 코닝 인코포레이티드 광대역 콘트라스트 편광 유리
US6072629A (en) 1997-02-26 2000-06-06 Reveo, Inc. Polarizer devices and methods for making the same
DE19737612A1 (de) * 1997-08-28 1999-03-04 Consortium Elektrochem Ind Mit dem Auge nicht erkennbare, maschinendetektierbare Sicherheitsmarkierung, Herstellung der Sicherheitsmarkierung und Sicherheitssystem umfassend diese Sicherheitsmarkierung
US6208463B1 (en) 1998-05-14 2001-03-27 Moxtek Polarizer apparatus for producing a generally polarized beam of light
US6108131A (en) 1998-05-14 2000-08-22 Moxtek Polarizer apparatus for producing a generally polarized beam of light
US6122103A (en) * 1999-06-22 2000-09-19 Moxtech Broadband wire grid polarizer for the visible spectrum
US6288840B1 (en) 1999-06-22 2001-09-11 Moxtek Imbedded wire grid polarizer for the visible spectrum
US7306338B2 (en) 1999-07-28 2007-12-11 Moxtek, Inc Image projection system with a polarizing beam splitter
US6666556B2 (en) 1999-07-28 2003-12-23 Moxtek, Inc Image projection system with a polarizing beam splitter
US6234634B1 (en) 1999-07-28 2001-05-22 Moxtek Image projection system with a polarizing beam splitter
US6447120B2 (en) 1999-07-28 2002-09-10 Moxtex Image projection system with a polarizing beam splitter
US6243199B1 (en) 1999-09-07 2001-06-05 Moxtek Broad band wire grid polarizing beam splitter for use in the visible wavelength region
CA2394189A1 (fr) 1999-12-15 2001-06-21 Corning Incorporated Verre polarisant dichroique infrarouge a large bande
US6532111B2 (en) 2001-03-05 2003-03-11 Eastman Kodak Company Wire grid polarizer
US7375887B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2008-05-20 Moxtek, Inc. Method and apparatus for correcting a visible light beam using a wire-grid polarizer
US6714350B2 (en) 2001-10-15 2004-03-30 Eastman Kodak Company Double sided wire grid polarizer
US6909473B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2005-06-21 Eastman Kodak Company Display apparatus and method
US7061561B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2006-06-13 Moxtek, Inc. System for creating a patterned polarization compensator
US6785050B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2004-08-31 Moxtek, Inc. Corrosion resistant wire-grid polarizer and method of fabrication
US6665119B1 (en) 2002-10-15 2003-12-16 Eastman Kodak Company Wire grid polarizer
US7113335B2 (en) * 2002-12-30 2006-09-26 Sales Tasso R Grid polarizer with suppressed reflectivity
DE10355599B4 (de) * 2003-11-28 2009-05-14 Qimonda Ag Verfahren zur Durchführung einer lithographischen Belichtung mithilfe polarisierter elektromagnetischer Strahlung in einer lithographischen Belichtungseinrichtung
US7800823B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2010-09-21 Moxtek, Inc. Polarization device to polarize and further control light
US7630133B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2009-12-08 Moxtek, Inc. Inorganic, dielectric, grid polarizer and non-zero order diffraction grating
US7961393B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2011-06-14 Moxtek, Inc. Selectively absorptive wire-grid polarizer
US7570424B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2009-08-04 Moxtek, Inc. Multilayer wire-grid polarizer
US8755113B2 (en) 2006-08-31 2014-06-17 Moxtek, Inc. Durable, inorganic, absorptive, ultra-violet, grid polarizer
US7789515B2 (en) 2007-05-17 2010-09-07 Moxtek, Inc. Projection device with a folded optical path and wire-grid polarizer
US8467128B2 (en) * 2008-11-19 2013-06-18 Shanghai Lexvu Opto Microelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. Polarizing cube and method of fabricating the same
US8248696B2 (en) 2009-06-25 2012-08-21 Moxtek, Inc. Nano fractal diffuser
US8611007B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2013-12-17 Moxtek, Inc. Fine pitch wire grid polarizer
US8913321B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2014-12-16 Moxtek, Inc. Fine pitch grid polarizer
JP5708095B2 (ja) * 2011-03-18 2015-04-30 セイコーエプソン株式会社 偏光素子の製造方法
JP5708096B2 (ja) * 2011-03-18 2015-04-30 セイコーエプソン株式会社 偏光素子の製造方法
US8873144B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2014-10-28 Moxtek, Inc. Wire grid polarizer with multiple functionality sections
US8913320B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2014-12-16 Moxtek, Inc. Wire grid polarizer with bordered sections
US8922890B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2014-12-30 Moxtek, Inc. Polarizer edge rib modification
US10209419B2 (en) * 2013-09-17 2019-02-19 Corning Incorporated Broadband polarizer made using ion exchangeable fusion drawn glass sheets
US9354374B2 (en) 2013-10-24 2016-05-31 Moxtek, Inc. Polarizer with wire pair over rib
KR101720705B1 (ko) * 2015-02-11 2017-03-28 부산대학교 산학협력단 대면적 나노 와이어 그리드 편광 필름의 제조 방법

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3353895A (en) * 1962-04-16 1967-11-21 Polaroid Corp Light polarizer comprising filamentous particles on surface of transparent sheet and method of making same
US3969545A (en) * 1973-03-01 1976-07-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Light polarizing material method and apparatus
US4049338A (en) * 1974-11-19 1977-09-20 Texas Instruments Incorporated Light polarizing material method and apparatus

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1873951A (en) * 1925-11-10 1932-08-30 Gen Electric Polarizers of light and a method of preparation
US1956867A (en) * 1933-01-16 1934-05-01 Edwin H Land Polarizing body
US2992425A (en) * 1945-10-12 1961-07-11 Du Pont Nondirectional, metal-backed, electromagnetic radiation-absorptive films
BE540210A (fr) * 1955-04-04
US3046839A (en) * 1959-01-12 1962-07-31 Polaroid Corp Processes for preparing light polarizing materials
US3653863A (en) * 1968-07-03 1972-04-04 Corning Glass Works Method of forming photochromic polarizing glasses
US3540793A (en) * 1968-07-03 1970-11-17 Corning Glass Works Photochromic polarizing glasses
US4125405A (en) * 1976-11-05 1978-11-14 Corning Glass Works Colored, dichroic, birefringent glass articles produced by optical alteration of additively-colored glasses containing silver and silver halides
US4125404A (en) * 1976-11-05 1978-11-14 Corning Glass Works Photochromic glasses exhibiting dichroism, birefringence and color adaptation
US4304584A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-12-08 Corning Glass Works Method for making polarizing glasses by extrusion
US4282022A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-08-04 Corning Glass Works Method for making polarizing glasses through extrusion
US4486213A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-12-04 Corning Glass Works Drawing laminated polarizing glasses
US4479819A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-10-30 Corning Glass Works Infrared polarizing glasses
US4908054A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-03-13 Corning Incorporated Method for making infrared polarizing glasses

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3353895A (en) * 1962-04-16 1967-11-21 Polaroid Corp Light polarizer comprising filamentous particles on surface of transparent sheet and method of making same
US3969545A (en) * 1973-03-01 1976-07-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Light polarizing material method and apparatus
US4049338A (en) * 1974-11-19 1977-09-20 Texas Instruments Incorporated Light polarizing material method and apparatus

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0744634A2 (fr) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-27 Kyocera Corporation Polarisateur et méthode de fabrication
EP0744634A3 (fr) * 1995-05-23 1997-05-07 Kyocera Corp Polarisateur et méthode de fabrication
US5864427A (en) * 1995-05-23 1999-01-26 Kyocera Corporation Polarizer and production method thereof
US5999315A (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-12-07 Kyocera Corporation Polarizer and a production method thereof and an optical isolator
WO2000002069A1 (fr) * 1998-07-04 2000-01-13 F.O.B. Gmbh Gesellschaft Zur Fertigung Farbiger Optoelektronischer Bauelemente Procede de production de polariseurs d'uv
US6772608B1 (en) 1998-07-04 2004-08-10 F.O.B. Gmbh Gesellschaft Zur Fertigung Farbiger Optoelektronischer Bauelemente Method for producing UV polarizers
EP0999459A2 (fr) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-10 Corning Incorporated Polariseur pour la lumière visible et ultraviolet puis son procédé de fabrication
EP0999459A3 (fr) * 1998-11-03 2001-12-05 Corning Incorporated Polariseur pour la lumière visible et ultraviolet puis son procédé de fabrication
WO2002077679A1 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Dispositifs de polarisation dichroiques colores et leur procede de realisation
US7019903B2 (en) 2001-03-26 2006-03-28 Andreas Berger Color dichroic polarizers and method for the production thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69205347T2 (de) 1996-03-14
EP0521591B1 (fr) 1995-10-11
DE69205347D1 (de) 1995-11-16
EP0521591A3 (en) 1993-02-17
US5122907A (en) 1992-06-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0521591B1 (fr) Polariseur de rayon lumineux et procédé pour sa fabrication
US3969545A (en) Light polarizing material method and apparatus
US4049338A (en) Light polarizing material method and apparatus
US3046839A (en) Processes for preparing light polarizing materials
US7771045B2 (en) Polarized eyewear
KR100687223B1 (ko) 자외선 편광자의 제조방법
JP4163414B2 (ja) 二色性偏光子及び材料
US20100283957A1 (en) Polarized eyewear
JPH0497104A (ja) 無機偏光薄膜
US5082337A (en) Filter device employing a holographic element
JPH10508123A (ja) 高効率k−シート偏光子
EP0999459A2 (fr) Polariseur pour la lumière visible et ultraviolet puis son procédé de fabrication
JP2002501220A (ja) 低い反射率を有する光の透過および分散のフィルタ
DE2525863A1 (de) Optisches schichtsystem
US3353895A (en) Light polarizer comprising filamentous particles on surface of transparent sheet and method of making same
US5276537A (en) Diamondlike carbon thin film protected hologram and method of making same
JPH11305036A (ja) 光吸収異方性薄膜、及びその製造方法
JPH0990122A (ja) グリッド型偏光子の製造方法
US2699706A (en) Ornamental object having birefringent and polarizing layers
US20070024776A1 (en) Integrated polarizer/optical film with a wire grid structure and a manufacturing method thereof
CN114815009A (zh) 通过引入附加相位调控变焦超透镜焦距范围的方法
US3722977A (en) Optical scattering filter
US2861896A (en) Method of producing a coated optical filter and the resulting article
JP3752059B2 (ja) 偏光板の製造方法
JP2000193823A (ja) 偏光子及びそれを用いた光アイソレ―タ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

RHK1 Main classification (correction)

Ipc: G02B 5/30

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930127

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19941102

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19951011

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69205347

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19951116

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20040630

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20040708

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20040715

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060201

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20060331