EP0515888B1 - Support and pointing arrangement for antennes or telescopes - Google Patents

Support and pointing arrangement for antennes or telescopes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0515888B1
EP0515888B1 EP92107916A EP92107916A EP0515888B1 EP 0515888 B1 EP0515888 B1 EP 0515888B1 EP 92107916 A EP92107916 A EP 92107916A EP 92107916 A EP92107916 A EP 92107916A EP 0515888 B1 EP0515888 B1 EP 0515888B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arrangement
legs
telescopes
telescope
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92107916A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0515888A1 (en
Inventor
Berry Dipl.-Phys. Smutny
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bosch Telecom GmbH
Original Assignee
ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH filed Critical ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0515888A1 publication Critical patent/EP0515888A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0515888B1 publication Critical patent/EP0515888B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288Satellite antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/125Means for positioning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for supporting and aligning antennas or telescopes, in particular for space applications, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the weight for the arrangement for supporting and aligning the telescope can be significantly reduced.
  • the alignment mechanism is based on changing the length of the six legs of the Hexapod. If the length of the legs can be changed over a large area, the support and alignment arrangement, the hexapod, can also be used as an extension unit for extending the telescope. To do this, change the length of the six legs at the same time.
  • the advantage of using a frame in the form of a hexapod not only to support and align a telescope, but also to use the frame as an extension unit, is that in applications with unfavorable satellite geometries, the telescope can be extended far and then no longer by other structures in its viewing angle is restricted on the satellite.
  • a starting position is provided according to the invention, in which the alignment mechanism is blocked in a defined manner (English: launch lock). According to the invention, this is achieved by internally bracing the individual legs.
  • FIG. 1 An arrangement according to the invention, such as could be mounted on a satellite platform 2, for example, is shown in FIG.
  • a telescope 1 is attached to a rigid support plate 10 via a rotation and deflection mechanism 5.
  • the outline of the carrier plate 10 corresponds to an equilateral hexagon.
  • An optical bench 3 is attached below the carrier plate.
  • One end of a leg 6 is attached to each of the six corners of the carrier plate.
  • the six legs are adjustable in length. They are each attached to the carrier plate 10 via a ball joint. At the other end, the legs 6 are combined in pairs and via ball joints with the satellite platform 2, which Base area forms, connected.
  • the six adjustable legs form the hexapod frame.
  • the structure of the individual legs is shown in Figure 2.
  • a leg 6 consists of an inner tube 8 and an outer tube 9.
  • the inner tube can be moved with respect to the outer tube by piezoelectric linear motors 11. These are attached to the outer tube and move on the smooth, precisely machined outer surface of the inner tube 8. At the ends of the legs 6 there is in each case a ball joint 7.
  • the legs are on one side with the satellite platform 2 and on the other side connected to the support plate 10 which carries the telescope 1.
  • the inner tube 8 of the legs on the outer surface of which the piezoelectric linear motors, also called inchworm motors, move, is advantageously a PEEK tube and has a very good sliding surface.
  • the outer tube 9 is braced against the stop disk 14 by means of the piezoelectric linear motors. This significantly increases the strength of the overall structure during the starting process.
  • the surface of the stop disk 14 can be coated with steel wool, for example, in order to ensure high damping, friction and elasticity.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zum Stützen und Ausrichten von Antennen oder Teleskopen, insbesondere für Weltraumanwendungen, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to an arrangement for supporting and aligning antennas or telescopes, in particular for space applications, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Eine gattungsgemäße Anordnung ist bereits bekannt aus "Das Hexapod-Teleskop - ein Prototyp für das Deutsche Großteleskop" von Theodor Schmidt-Kaler in Spektrum der Wissenschaft, Mai 1991, Seite 18 bis 22. Das Nachführungssystem dieses Teleskops soll das mechanische Grundprinzip nutzen, daß ein starrer Körper genau sechs Freiheitsgrade der Bewegung hat und die Tragestruktur des Hauptspiegels wird daher durch sechs Beine mit dem Fundament des Teleskops verbunden. Man kann durch Verlängern bzw. Verkürzen der Beine und damit durch Veränderung der Neigungswinkel gerade sechs Freiheitsgrade realisieren.A generic arrangement is already known from "The Hexapod Telescope - A Prototype for the German Large Telescope" by Theodor Schmidt-Kaler in Spectrum of Science, May 1991, pages 18 to 22. The tracking system of this telescope is to use the basic mechanical principle that a rigid body has exactly six degrees of freedom of movement and the supporting structure of the main mirror is therefore connected to the base of the telescope by six legs. By lengthening or shortening the legs and thus by changing the angle of inclination, just six degrees of freedom can be achieved.

Eine weitere Anordnung zum Stützen und Ausrichten von Antennen mit einem Gestell in Form eines Hexapods, entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 ist aus der EP 02 66 026 A1 bekannt.Another arrangement for supporting and aligning antennas with a frame in the form of a hexapod, according to the preamble of claim 1, is known from EP 02 66 026 A1.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Anordnung zum Stützen und Ausrichten von Teleskopen anzugeben, die für den Einsatz auf Satelliten besonders geeignet ist.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide an arrangement for supporting and aligning telescopes that are suitable for use on satellites is particularly suitable.

Die Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are specified in the subclaims.

Für den Einsatz von Stütz- und Ausrichtmechanismen für Teleskope auf Satelliten ist es von besonderer Bedeutung, daß die Systeme von geringem Gewicht und Volumen sind. Außerdem werden hohe Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit des Ausrichtmechanismus gestellt. Da der freie Platz auf einem Satelliten gering ist, kann es vorkommen, daß der Sichtbereich des Teleskops durch andere Aufbauten auf den Satelliten beschränkt wird. Dies kann sich äußerst nachteilig auswirken.For the use of support and alignment mechanisms for telescopes on satellites, it is particularly important that the systems are light in weight and volume. In addition, high demands are placed on the accuracy of the alignment mechanism. Since the free space on a satellite is small, it can happen that the field of view of the telescope is restricted by other structures on the satellite. This can be extremely detrimental.

Durch den Einsatz einer Tragestruktur in Form eines Hexapods kann das Gewicht für die Anordnung zum Stützen und Ausrichten des Teleskops wesentlich herabgesetzt werden. Der Ausrichtmechanismus basiert auf der Längenänderung der sechs Beine des Hexapods. Wenn die Länge der Beine über einen großen Bereich veränderbar ist, so kann die Stütz- und Ausrichtanordnung, das Hexapod, auch als Ausfahreinheit zum Ausfahren des Teleskops eingesetzt werden. Dazu ändert man die Länge der sechs Beine gleichzeitig. Ein Gestell in Form eines Hexapods nicht nur zum Stützen und Ausrichten eines Teleskops einzusetzen, sondern das Gestell auch als Ausfahreinheit einsetzen, bringt den Vorteil, daß bei Applikationen auf ungünstigen Satellitengeometrien das Teleskop weit ausgefahren werden kann und dann in seinem Sichtwinkel nicht mehr durch andere Aufbauten auf dem Satelliten eingeschränkt ist.By using a support structure in the form of a hexapod, the weight for the arrangement for supporting and aligning the telescope can be significantly reduced. The alignment mechanism is based on changing the length of the six legs of the Hexapod. If the length of the legs can be changed over a large area, the support and alignment arrangement, the hexapod, can also be used as an extension unit for extending the telescope. To do this, change the length of the six legs at the same time. The advantage of using a frame in the form of a hexapod not only to support and align a telescope, but also to use the frame as an extension unit, is that in applications with unfavorable satellite geometries, the telescope can be extended far and then no longer by other structures in its viewing angle is restricted on the satellite.

Neben dem geringen Gewicht des Ausrichtmechanismus spielt auch der Leistungsverbrauch einen solchen Mechanismus, insbesondere bei Weltraumanwendungen, eine sehr große Rolle. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Einsatz von piezoelektrischen Linearmotoren zur Betätigung von Ausrichtmechanismus und Ausfahreinheit kann eine Reduzierung des Leistungsverbrauchs erreicht werden. Der Einsatz von Inchworm-Motoren (bekannt aus US 39 02 084) hat den Vorteil, daß diese ohne Betriebsspannung blockiert, also im Ruhezustand sind.In addition to the low weight of the alignment mechanism, the power consumption of such a mechanism also plays a very large role, particularly in space applications. By the The use of piezoelectric linear motors according to the invention for actuating the alignment mechanism and extension unit can reduce the power consumption. The use of inchworm motors (known from US 39 02 084) has the advantage that they are blocked without operating voltage, that is to say in the idle state.

Für die speziellen Anforderungen eines Ausrichtmechanismus auf einem Satelliten, der auf einer Trägerrakete befestigt die Startbedingungen erfüllen muß, ist erfindungsgemäß eine Startposition vorgesehen, in welcher der Ausrichtmechanismus definiert blockiert ist (englisch: launch lock). Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch das interne Verspannen der Einzelbeine erreicht.For the special requirements of an alignment mechanism on a satellite, which has to meet the starting conditions attached to a launch vehicle, a starting position is provided according to the invention, in which the alignment mechanism is blocked in a defined manner (English: launch lock). According to the invention, this is achieved by internally bracing the individual legs.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 schematische Darstellung einer Hexapodstruktur und
  • Figur 2 Schnitt durch ein Bein des Hexapods.
An embodiment of the invention is explained with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a hexapod structure and
  • Figure 2 section through one leg of the hexapod.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung, wie sie beispielsweise auf einer Satellitenplattform 2 montiert sein könnte, ist in Figur 1 dargestellt. Ein Teleskop 1 ist über einen Rotations- und Umlenkmechanismus 5 auf einer starren Trägerplatte 10 befestigt. Der Grundriß der Trägerplatte 10 entspricht einem gleichseitigen Sechseck. Unterhalb der Trägerplatte ist eine optische Bank 3 befestigt. An den sechs Ecken der Trägerplatte ist jeweils ein Ende eines Beines 6 befestigt. Die sechs Beine sind in der Länge regulierbar. Sie sind jeweils über ein Kugelgelenk mit der Trägerplatte 10 befestigt. Am anderen Ende sind die Beine 6 jeweils paarweise zusammengefaßt und über Kugelgelenke mit der Satellitenplattform 2, die die Grundfläche bildet, verbunden. Die sechs in der Länge regulierbaren Beine bilden das Hexapodgestell. Der Aufbau der einzelnen Beine ist aus Figur 2 ersichtlich. Auf der Satellitenplattform 2 sind neben den Beinen des Hexapodgestells auch noch weitere Baueinheiten 4 vorgesehen. Auf der Satellitenplattform entsprechen die Befestigungspunkte der Beine 6 den Ecken eines gleichseitigen Dreiecks. Indem man die Länge aller Beine 6 des Hexapodgestells ändert, kann das Teleskop 1 ausgefahren werden. Die Ausrichtung des Teleskops kann ebenfalls durch Veränderung der Länge der sechs Beine des Hexapodgestells erreicht werden. Wie die Länge der Beine verändert werden kann, ist in Figur 2 dargestellt. Ein Bein 6 besteht aus einem inneren Rohr 8 und einem äußeren Rohr 9. Das innere Rohr kann bezüglich des äußeren Rohrs durch piezoelektrische Linearmotoren 11 bewegt werden. Diese sind am äußeren Rohr befestigt und bewegen sich auf der glatten genau bearbeiteten Außenfläche des inneren Rohrs 8. An den Enden der Beine 6 befindet sich jeweils ein Kugelgelenk 7. Über diese Kugelgelenke sind die Beine auf der einen Seite mit der Satellitenplattform 2 und auf der anderen Seite mit der Trägerplatte 10, die das Teleskop 1 trägt, verbunden. Das innere Rohr 8 der Beine, auf dessen Außenfläche sich die piezoelektrischen Linearmotoren, auch Inchworm-Motoren genannt, bewegen, ist vorteilhafter Weise ein PEEK-Rohr und weist eine sehr gute Gleitfläche auf.
Am unteren Ende befindet sich eine Anschlagscheibe 14 für das äußere Rohr 9. Während des Startvorgangs der Trägerrakete wird das äußere Rohr 9 gegen die Anschlagscheibe 14 mittels der piezoelektrischen Linearmotore verspannt. Dadurch wird eine wesentlich erhöhte Festigkeit der Gesamtstruktur während des Startvorganges erreicht. Dabei kann die Oberfläche der Anschlagscheibe 14 beispielsweise mit Stahlwolle beschichtet sein, um hohe Dämpfung, Friktion und Elastizität zu sichern.
An arrangement according to the invention, such as could be mounted on a satellite platform 2, for example, is shown in FIG. A telescope 1 is attached to a rigid support plate 10 via a rotation and deflection mechanism 5. The outline of the carrier plate 10 corresponds to an equilateral hexagon. An optical bench 3 is attached below the carrier plate. One end of a leg 6 is attached to each of the six corners of the carrier plate. The six legs are adjustable in length. They are each attached to the carrier plate 10 via a ball joint. At the other end, the legs 6 are combined in pairs and via ball joints with the satellite platform 2, which Base area forms, connected. The six adjustable legs form the hexapod frame. The structure of the individual legs is shown in Figure 2. In addition to the legs of the hexapod frame, further structural units 4 are also provided on the satellite platform 2. On the satellite platform, the attachment points of the legs 6 correspond to the corners of an equilateral triangle. By changing the length of all the legs 6 of the hexapod frame, the telescope 1 can be extended. Alignment of the telescope can also be achieved by changing the length of the six legs of the hexapod frame. Figure 2 shows how the length of the legs can be changed. A leg 6 consists of an inner tube 8 and an outer tube 9. The inner tube can be moved with respect to the outer tube by piezoelectric linear motors 11. These are attached to the outer tube and move on the smooth, precisely machined outer surface of the inner tube 8. At the ends of the legs 6 there is in each case a ball joint 7. Via these ball joints, the legs are on one side with the satellite platform 2 and on the other side connected to the support plate 10 which carries the telescope 1. The inner tube 8 of the legs, on the outer surface of which the piezoelectric linear motors, also called inchworm motors, move, is advantageously a PEEK tube and has a very good sliding surface.
At the lower end there is a stop disk 14 for the outer tube 9. During the starting process of the launch vehicle, the outer tube 9 is braced against the stop disk 14 by means of the piezoelectric linear motors. This significantly increases the strength of the overall structure during the starting process. The surface of the stop disk 14 can be coated with steel wool, for example, in order to ensure high damping, friction and elasticity.

Claims (3)

  1. Arrangement for the supporting and orienting of antennae or telescopes, particularly for environmental applications, comprising a frame in the form of a hexapod which is composed of six legs (6) which are regulable in length and the ends of which are equipped with ball joints (7, 7′), which at one end are fastened in pairs at the corners of a triangle on a base surface (2) and which are fastened at the end facing the telescope or the antenna likewise in pairs to the corners of a triangle or individually to the corners of a hexagon at a rigid support plate (10), wherein the frame is constructed as a driving-out unit for driving of the telescope (1) or the antenna from a first setting near the base surface (2) into a second setting remote from the base surface (2), characterised thereby that piezoelectric linear motors (11), which move an inner tube (8) relative to an outer tube (9), are arranged for the length regulation of the legs (6) of the frame.
  2. Arrangement for the supporting and orienting of antennae or telescopes according to claim 1, characterised thereby that the inner tube (8) has a very accurately finished outer surface and is thus a good slide surface for the piezoelectric linear motors (11), which are fastened to the outer tube (9).
  3. Arrangement for the supporting and orienting of antennae or telescopes according to claim 1, characterised thereby that a clamping of the outer tube (9) against an abutment washer (14), which is disposed at the lower end of the inner tube (8) and is effective in the driven-in state of the arrangement, is provided.
EP92107916A 1991-05-29 1992-05-12 Support and pointing arrangement for antennes or telescopes Expired - Lifetime EP0515888B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4117538 1991-05-29
DE4117538A DE4117538C1 (en) 1991-05-29 1991-05-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0515888A1 EP0515888A1 (en) 1992-12-02
EP0515888B1 true EP0515888B1 (en) 1995-08-09

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Family Applications (1)

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EP92107916A Expired - Lifetime EP0515888B1 (en) 1991-05-29 1992-05-12 Support and pointing arrangement for antennes or telescopes

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EP (1) EP0515888B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4117538C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2077288T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2561551C2 (en) * 2010-04-08 2015-08-27 Биа Hexapod platform and power cylinder, that can be used in hexapod platform

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6025815A (en) * 1995-10-04 2000-02-15 Austrian Aerospace Ges.M.B.H. Drive unit for adjusting satellite components requiring orientation
CN1079042C (en) * 1997-09-19 2002-02-13 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Parallel mechanism of parallel structure numerical control machine tool
FR2773890B1 (en) * 1998-01-22 2001-11-23 Aerospatiale INTEGRATED AND COMPACT ASSEMBLY OF ISOSTATIC MOUNTING AND CORRECTION OF POSITION OF AN ORGAN, SUCH AS A MIRROR, OF A SPATIAL TELESCOPE
DE19961774A1 (en) * 1999-12-21 2001-07-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for setting a directional beam system
DE10109343C2 (en) * 2001-02-27 2003-01-30 Siemens Ag Antenna arrangement with at least two antenna elements or with a deformable antenna element
FR2825445B1 (en) * 2001-05-31 2004-02-13 Innovation Technologie Conseil METHOD OF ORIENTATION OF A HEXAPOD TURRET
ES2231026A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-01 Ramem, S.A. Hexapod type positioner for solar tracking of solar concentrators
US7982951B1 (en) 2010-11-08 2011-07-19 Robert Innes Digital tracking platform for telescopes
CN104090359A (en) * 2014-07-10 2014-10-08 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 Five-freedom-degree auxiliary lens adjusting mechanism of astronomical telescope working in extreme environment

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229941A (en) * 1962-06-04 1966-01-18 Suliteanu Menahem Antenna support
US3902084A (en) * 1974-05-30 1975-08-26 Burleigh Instr Piezoelectric electromechanical translation apparatus
US3902085A (en) * 1974-11-25 1975-08-26 Burleigh Instr Electromechanical translation apparatus
EP0266026A1 (en) * 1986-08-01 1988-05-04 HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN in right of New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Tracking antenna mount

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2561551C2 (en) * 2010-04-08 2015-08-27 Биа Hexapod platform and power cylinder, that can be used in hexapod platform

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0515888A1 (en) 1992-12-02
ES2077288T3 (en) 1995-11-16
DE4117538C1 (en) 1992-07-09
DE59203178D1 (en) 1995-09-14

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