EP0515635A1 - Dispositif compteur et commutateur sensible aux directions. - Google Patents

Dispositif compteur et commutateur sensible aux directions.

Info

Publication number
EP0515635A1
EP0515635A1 EP92901333A EP92901333A EP0515635A1 EP 0515635 A1 EP0515635 A1 EP 0515635A1 EP 92901333 A EP92901333 A EP 92901333A EP 92901333 A EP92901333 A EP 92901333A EP 0515635 A1 EP0515635 A1 EP 0515635A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
counting
output signals
detector
person
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92901333A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0515635B1 (fr
Inventor
Ralf Gast
Andreas Thun
Andre Haufe
Andreas Wermke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iris GmbH IG Infrared and Intelligent Sensors
Original Assignee
Iris GmbH IG Infrared and Intelligent Sensors
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iris GmbH IG Infrared and Intelligent Sensors filed Critical Iris GmbH IG Infrared and Intelligent Sensors
Publication of EP0515635A1 publication Critical patent/EP0515635A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0515635B1 publication Critical patent/EP0515635B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S250/00—Radiant energy
    • Y10S250/01—Passive intrusion detectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Directional.Selective counting and switching devices are used to count people and / or objects moving or moving in different directions. puts. They provide additional information which provides information about the directions of movement of the persons and / or objects detected.
  • At least two radiation transmitters and receivers are installed at the location to be monitored. Accurate detection of moving objects / people is only possible if they pass through them one after the other.
  • Loop technology is often used in traffic monitoring. For this purpose, induction loops are laid in all lanes. Disadvantages are the high installation costs and the traffic disturbances that occur during the laying of induction loops.
  • Image processing devices are also suitable for the detection of moving objects in terms of numbers and direction. However, since these devices record the signals of moving and still objects, the computational outlay for image processing is very high and the devices are therefore relatively expensive.
  • EP-PS 0 287 827 describes a direction-selective pyrodetector which consists of a sensor with at least two sensor elements for different detection directions and is used for the detection and speed measurement of moving objects. Besides- vehicles driving each other cannot be resolved individually, an exact count is not possible here.
  • EP-PS 0 245 242 - provides that several pyroelectric sensor elements are arranged in a spherical-parabolic mirror, thus making movement and direction-dependent detection possible. It is disadvantageous that objects moving next to one another are not detected individually, the complicated mirror is too expensive for many applications and does not meet the frequent demand for small, unobtrusive signaling systems.
  • a door opener By means of two mutually at least partially enclosing infrared sensors which have a radiation-sensitive surface corresponding to the shape of the desired field of view, according to DE-PS 3 407 462, for example, a door opener can be realized which does not register people walking past the door and only responds to people directly approaching the door. This means that the door opener is only directionally selective in one direction.
  • an infrared motion detector which switches on the lighting of corridors, passageways, etc. for a predetermined time when people move through the detection range of the motion detector.
  • the use of this solution for example as a light switch in apartments, is not possible since the lighting in the room is switched on when a person enters a room, but switches off again after the predetermined time has expired if the room is in the room Person does not move any further.
  • DE-PS 36 23 792 it is possible to determine the number and direction of people within a room to be monitored or a passage lock by using a plurality of individual infrared sensors which are arranged one behind the other in the passage direction and transversely to the passage direction ⁇ Lich. Since the individual sensors have very large visual fields, this device cannot be used in cases where only very narrow or very small visual fields can be implemented. In addition, this device cannot be miniaturized by using individual sensors.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned that distinguishes people and / or objects from each other and according to their directions of movement with high accuracy, counts and / or triggers switching operations, which is inexpensive to manufacture and inconspicuous and without essential structural changes can be installed.
  • the invention includes the knowledge that direction-sensitive object or person detection is possible with great accuracy if signals are evaluated which only contain information about changes in the detection area.
  • pyroelectric detectors By using pyroelectric detectors, "there is the advantageous possibility of using a detection matrix having a few sensor elements to create a reliably working, direction-dependent detector device. - 6 -
  • Such a device can be used particularly advantageously in public transport, even when the number of passengers is high.
  • the solution according to the invention preferably consists of a passive infrared detector, which is formed from a plurality of pyroelectric elements in the form of one or more double lines, behind a converging lens, as a result of which the field of view of the directionally selective counting and switching device in front of the converging lens, corresponding to the number , Geometry and arrangement of the multi-element sensors is divided into several smaller fields of view, and the evaluation circuit triggers a counting and / or switching process if one, based on the movement of people and / or objects in the field of view of the directionally selective counting and switching device indicating signal sequence is present.
  • the multi-element sensors provide radiation receivers for recording those emitted by people and / or objects.
  • the pyroelectric sensors can also be produced inexpensively and operated without additional cooling.
  • a converging lens enables the incident heat radiation to be focused on the multiple sensor sensors and also the essential miniaturization of the device according to the invention in comparison to known devices.
  • the central arrangement of a pinhole in front of the converging lens prevents the incidence of flat rays and scattered light on the lens as well as total reflections within the lens.
  • the fields of view of the directionally selective counting and switching device are preferably dimensioned such that persons and / or objects to be detected are reliably detected.
  • the signals occurring at the multi-element sensors are amplified in the associated preamplifiers, digitized in A / D converters and processed in the evaluation circuit.
  • the direction of movement of the people and / or objects crossing the field of view of the direction-selective counting and switching device is determined from the signal sequence of different lines belonging to multi-element sensors.
  • an interference filter in front of the converging lens also prevents interference radiation, such as radiation from the sun or from car headlights, from falling onto the multi-element sensors.
  • the invention is preferably implemented by an arrangement consisting of a pyroelectric chip with at least one double line of sensitive elements, analog signal preprocessing, digital signal processing. work for pattern recognition and an optically imaging system, for example a converging lens.
  • the pyroelectric sensor principle only movement of objects when it is combined with a thermal contrast is detected.
  • the course of a person's movement can thus be followed with simple means.
  • the constant background does not provide any detectable signals. Detecting a movement of a person or a moving object is thus greatly simplified by suppressing the information about the background, in contrast to a conventional video camera.
  • the signal processor only has to analyze the signals from moving objects which have a thermal contrast to the surroundings in the form of a pattern sequence.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a possible arrangement of the multi-element sensors of an exemplary embodiment in a double line
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic sectional illustration of the exemplary embodiment with the associated visual fields
  • FIG. 3 shows a further basic sectional illustration of the device according to FIG. 2, in which the view is shown rotated through 90 °
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the use of the device according to the invention for occupancy level detection in public transport in a frontal view
  • FIG. 5 shows a further favorable arrangement of an exemplary embodiment of a multi-element sensor in several double lines
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment for the use of the device according to the invention for controlling a light signal system at a pedestrian crossing
  • FIG. 7 shows a basic circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention including signal processing and
  • Figure 8 is a schematic representation of the input signals resulting in the device of Figure 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows the detector 1, consisting of fifteen multiple element sensors 1.1 to 1.15 arranged alternately in a double line.
  • a field of view is assigned to each multi-element sensor.
  • the individual elements are designed as pyroelectric sensor elements and are offset from one another. Each sensor element detects a sub-area of the field of vision and emits a signal if a change occurs here. On In this way, immobile objects or people are hidden without any additional electronic effort when they are captured. Only the output signals of the individual sensor elements have to be amplified and post-processed separately.
  • the geometry and arrangement of the multi-element sensors corresponds to the geometry and arrangement of the desired visual fields, but is also essentially determined by the shape and refractive index of the lens and by the distance of the multi-element sensors from the lens.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the front and side views of the device according to the invention with its field of view 4.
  • the detection sectors of the individual sensors are arranged in a radiation pattern.
  • the number of sensors arranged transversely to the direction of passage is selected such that the area to be detected is covered, that is to say it depends on the passage width. In contrast, only a few sensors (at least two) are required in the direction of passage, since only the chronological sequence of the changes detected has to be evaluated here. (Preamplifier, multiplexer, analog / digital converter and evaluation circuit are not shown here and are described in more detail below.
  • the detector 1 is located in the focal plane of a hemispherical lens 2.
  • a perforated diaphragm 3 is arranged centrally in front of the flat side of the lens, which keeps flat rays and scattered light away from the lens and prevents the occurrence of total reflections in the lens.
  • an additional in- Interference filter is provided for reducing interfering light radiation.
  • the entire field of view of the device according to the invention which comprises an angular range of 120 ° parallel to the double line and an angular range of 16 ° perpendicular to the double line, consists of fifteen small (partial) visual fields 4.1 to 1.15, each with an opening angle of 8 ° have, and alternately on both sides of a plane running through the center of the lens and between the multi-element sensors along the double line, are arranged.
  • FIG. 4 shows how the device 5 according to the invention for occupancy level detection can be used in a public transport 6.
  • the direction-selective counting and switching device is installed in the middle above the doors in such a way that the accessible door area is in its field of vision. When passengers get on and off, they cross several fields of view of the device according to the invention and thereby trigger a counting process.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detector 7 consisting of a plurality of multi-element sensors in the form of a plurality of double lines which completely enclose an area as a visual field, so that it can be detected whether people or objects are entering or leaving the monitored area get this out.
  • a detector 7 consisting of a plurality of multi-element sensors in the form of a plurality of double lines which completely enclose an area as a visual field, so that it can be detected whether people or objects are entering or leaving the monitored area get this out.
  • Such an arrangement is suitable, for example, for controlling a light signal system.
  • FIG. 6 shows a pedestrian crossing 8, the light signal system 9 and the one from the field of view 10 that is not shown here.
  • provided device according to the invention enclosed pedestrian detection area 11.
  • the light signal system can be controlled so that it only shows "green” when pedestrians really want to cross the street at this point. In this way, the traffic can be made more fluid, since pedestrians no longer need green phases of the traffic light system.
  • FIG. 7 shows the flow of information in an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the infrared radiation is imaged by an object plane 21 by means of a lens 22 onto the pyroelectric matrix 23 located in the focal plane.
  • a voltage signal is generated on the sensitive elements onto which heat radiation changes over time.
  • a multiplexer 25 converts the voltage applied to the individual elements into a serial signal sequence. This sequence of analog signals is converted at the A / D converter 26 into a digitized signal sequence.
  • a gray value pattern is then created in the signal processor 27 by means of software in accordance with the original pixel geometry. This pattern shows in which section of the detection area of the object plane a movement took place in a predetermined time window.
  • FIGS. 8a to d The grayscale pattern recorded, as is available in digitized form after the corresponding signal processing, is shown in FIGS. 8a to d.
  • the patterns shown in FIGS. 8a to d were different times in a time grid, which is adapted to the expected crossing of an object or a person through the detection area.
  • the timing is indicated by the direction of arrow t and corresponds to the order of the figure names.
  • the individual sensor elements of the matrix are designated by combinations of letters and numbers.
  • the patterns are stored in a correspondingly coded form in the memory of the signal processor.
  • the type of signal processing and memory organization depends on the type of processor used and therefore does not need to be described in more detail here, since it is evident from the corresponding system manuals.
  • the pattern analysis is carried out by comparing successive patterns.
  • the geometric size, the direction and the number of moving objects can be recognized depending on the application.
  • the invention has created a device which distinguishes, counts and / or triggers people and / or objects from one another and according to their directions of movement with high accuracy, is significantly smaller than known infrared motion detectors, can be manufactured inexpensively and can be installed without significant structural changes .
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiment specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown, even in the case of fundamentally different types.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif compteur et commutateur sélectif par rapport aux directions doit pouvoir distinguer des personnes et/ou des objets entre eux, ainsi que selon leur direction de déplacement, et/ou déclencher des processus de commutation, et pouvoir être installé sans modifications structurales supplémentaires essentielles. Un détecteur (1) constitué par un capteur à éléments multiples sous forme d'une ou plusieurs rangées doubles est agencé derrière une lentille convergente (2), de sorte que la zone de détection (4) située devant la lentille convergente soit subdivisée, en fonction de la forme du détecteur, en plusieurs petits champs de vision (4.1-4.15). Un sténopé (3) disposé de préférence centralement devant la lentille convergente évite l'incidence de lumière diffusée et de rayons plats sur la lentille et des réflexions totales à l'intérieur de la lentille. Ce dispositif est utile partout où il faut compter séparément des personnes et/ou des objets selon leur direcction de déplacement, par exemple afin de déterminer le degré d'occupation de moyens de transports publics, comme commutateur optiique, pour commander des feux tricolores de circulation et pour surveiller des voies ferrées.
EP92901333A 1990-12-14 1991-12-16 Dispositif compteur et commutateur sensible aux directions Expired - Lifetime EP0515635B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4040811 1990-12-14
DE4040811A DE4040811A1 (de) 1990-12-14 1990-12-14 Richtungsselektive zaehl- und schaltvorrichtung
PCT/DE1991/000994 WO1992010812A1 (fr) 1990-12-14 1991-12-16 Dispositif compteur et commutateur sensible aux directions

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0515635A1 true EP0515635A1 (fr) 1992-12-02
EP0515635B1 EP0515635B1 (fr) 1996-03-13

Family

ID=6420802

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92901333A Expired - Lifetime EP0515635B1 (fr) 1990-12-14 1991-12-16 Dispositif compteur et commutateur sensible aux directions

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5313060A (fr)
EP (1) EP0515635B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05508252A (fr)
AT (1) ATE135480T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2075899A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4040811A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992010812A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002007106A1 (fr) 2000-07-13 2002-01-24 Iris-Gmbh Infrared & Intelligent Sensors Dispositif de detection

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WO2002007106A1 (fr) 2000-07-13 2002-01-24 Iris-Gmbh Infrared & Intelligent Sensors Dispositif de detection
DE10034976A1 (de) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-31 Iris Gmbh Infrared & Intellige Erfassungsvorrichtung
DE10034976B4 (de) * 2000-07-13 2011-07-07 iris-GmbH infrared & intelligent sensors, 12459 Erfassungsvorrichtung zum Erfassen von Personen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5313060A (en) 1994-05-17
WO1992010812A1 (fr) 1992-06-25
ATE135480T1 (de) 1996-03-15
EP0515635B1 (fr) 1996-03-13
JPH05508252A (ja) 1993-11-18
DE59107554D1 (de) 1996-04-18
DE4040811A1 (de) 1992-07-09
CA2075899A1 (fr) 1992-06-15

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