EP0504501B1 - Doctoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

A doctor arrangement (1) comprises a holding/adapting strip (2) and a doctor strip (5) provided with a doctor element (6). In order to bring the doctor element (6) into optimum working contact with a surface (19) to be processed, in particular over large working widths, the doctor strip (5) is inserted without attachment in a longitudinal slot (30) in the holding strip, said doctor strip being supported with compression elasticity against the bottom surface (4) of the longitudinal slot (30) and being deformable and movable transversely to the longitudinal axis of the doctor strip in relation to any cross-section of the doctor strip in all degrees of freedom, and the holding strip (2) and the doctor strip (5) being free from clamping relative to one another and being at least slightly loosely displaceable in all degrees of freedom transversely to the longitudinal axis of the doctor arrangement. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a squeegee device with a squeegee element, which exerts a squeegee function when pressed against a surface to be processed (work surface). The doctor element extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the doctor device across the working width transverse to the working direction, i.e. transversely or perpendicular to the relative direction of movement between the work surface and doctor blade. It belongs to the genus of devices in which a holding and pressure bar is assigned to the doctor element, with which the working position of the doctor element is determined and its contact pressure is brought about.

Known devices of the type mentioned are provided as application devices for substances on a work surface to be printed or coated. Application widths that occur in practice are in particular several meters (for example 5 m and more). With regard to satisfactory application results, system deviations between the squeegee working edge and the work surface must be avoided or as small as possible. It has been found that, for example, a system or straightness deviation of only 1/10 mm causes an adverse change in the amount of the doctored substance of 100 g / m 2 and more. For the desired and required order qualities, system / straightness deviations usually have to be less than 1/10 mm, and they can often only be of the order of 1/1000 mm. A uniform application should not only apply to every application width that occurs in practice, i.e. especially with application widths of several meters, but also with different types of pressure, different substance application quantities, different substance viscosities and / or different application speeds (production and doctoring speeds). can be achieved. The relative speed between the squeegee device and the work surface is of minor importance for the application result, so that problems with a sufficient adjustment of the straightness of the squeegee edge with different properties of work surfaces, desired substance retention in front of the squeegee bar, changeability of the angular position of the squeegee bar relative to the work surface, fine adjustment of contact pressures and / or setting defined and reproducible doctor blade work results must be solved.

In practice, it has been found that the previously known application devices remain inadequate with regard to the objectives known per se. Known application devices with a holding and pressure bar for a squeegee bar are based on choosing the cross-sectional and material rigidity of the squeegee bar so large that the squeegee bar is an element that has longitudinal or straightness stiffness over the working width, with the squeegee bar possibly perpendicular to the work surface, but still ensuring a certain longitudinal stiffness, a certain bending elasticity against forces perpendicular to the work surface and at the level of the contact forces acting on it. It is considered necessary to bring the bending or straight stiffness of the retaining bar into line with that of the doctor bar and to bring the doctor bar into a fixed connection with the retaining bar and / or auxiliary elements pressing against it. This means that known application devices are constructed in such a way that predetermined straightness and / or deflection stiffness of the holding bar and the squeegee bar are essential variables influencing the pressure of the squeegee edge against the work surface. Straightness behavior and properties of the known application devices are essentially adversely affected by deviations in parallelism and / or deflection between the holding strip, pressure strips and squeegee strip. Around It has been proposed to minimize deviations in the straightness of the application device from the straightness of the working surface (straightness of the application level), which in turn is dependent on documents, material properties and thicknesses, substance quantity and property, the holding strip, pressure elements acting on the squeegee strip and even the squeegee strip to segment and subdivide over the application width (EP-A 0 311 745). In practice, however, it has been found that the dominance of the bending and straightness behavior of the squeegee device does not permit a satisfactory contact or straightness match of the squeegee edge with the work surface. It is emphasized that even minimal system / straightness deviations of 1/10 mm, for example, but also of the order of 1/1000 mm have a detrimental effect. Such deviations, which cannot be compensated for with the known devices, already arise from practical conditions such as, in particular, temperature fluctuations in the surrounding area (in particular due to the type of construction of the known devices), through uniformity fluctuations of the substance in front of the doctor edge and / or through friction differences between the doctor edge and the working surface. In particular, they also occur with changes in position and angular position of the holding / pressure bar and the squeegee bar relative to the work surface. With a number of substance applications and coatings with the known application devices, considerable effort is required to control the process sequences by providing layer thickness measuring devices in order to control an automatic layer thickness correction, a change in the address function and / or the substance supply as a result of the measurement results, with which but misprints or coatings leading to committee are always connected.

A squeegee device is known from US Pat. No. 4,241,691, a rigid squeegee bar being displaceable in one direction in a recess of the holding bar to compensate for pressure differences and being supported elastically against the bottom surface in the recess.

Known application devices are provided for printing patterns with flat or round stencils as well as for coating applications with, if necessary, screen cylinders. Devices with a doctor element can in principle be considered for all applications in which a sheet-like element such as a web or a sheet of material or another sheet-like structure such as a roller or a belt is to be treated by a wiping, stripping or sealing process. Application devices of the known type of construction are, however, considerably restricted with regard to their application possibilities, since, as practice has shown, adaptation requirements of the squeegee edge to the surface to be treated cannot be satisfied satisfactorily for different applications and coatings, or, and then only to a limited extent, only with differently designed doctor blades.

In contrast, the object of the invention is to provide a squeegee (squeegee device) which can be used for a wide variety of squeegee functions and which is intended to avoid the disadvantages described, the squeegee edge of a squeegee bar interacting with a holding / pressure bar being in optimal working contact with the surface to be treated / processed especially large working widths should be feasible.

To achieve this object, a squeegee device is provided according to the invention, comprising a holding / pressing bar which extends longitudinally over the working width parallel to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device and has a longitudinal recess and a squeegee bar provided with a squeegee element which is inserted into the longitudinal bar holding bar, the squeegee element being above the working width protrudes from the holding strip longitudinal recess, and which works under pressure against a sheet-like element, such as a web, a sheet of material or another sheet-like structure, such as a roller or a belt, which is moved transversely and relative to the squeegee element, the squeegee strip having no fixed connection is inserted with the retaining strip in the retaining strip longitudinal recess, the doctor strip along the upper longitudinal side opposite the doctor element on the bottom surface the retaining strip longitudinal recess is supported in a pressure-elastic manner and is guided against lateral surfaces of the longitudinal recess, at least the part of the squeegee strip which extends in the longitudinal recess is deformable and movable in all degrees of freedom with respect to each squeegee strip cross section transversely to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device and the holding / pressure bar and the squeegee strip are clamp-free relative to one another and are at least slightly loosely movable in all degrees of freedom transverse to the longitudinal axis of the doctor device.

According to the invention it is achieved that the squeegee with the lowest possible inherent stiffness and independent and unaffected by inherent stiffness and / or straightness behavior of the holding / pressure bar can only be optimally conformed to it with great precision in accordance with the straightness or the surface and material characteristics of the work surface. The squeegee device according to the invention does not contrast the straightness of the squeegee working pad with its own straightness of the squeegee device, and disadvantageous influences which conventionally result from a parallel setting of the squeegee device with the squeegee working pad are eliminated. Experiments with the doctor device according to the invention have shown that even straightness and contact deviations between the work surface or base and doctor edge in the order of 1/1000 mm, which can be particularly disadvantageous for the doctor result, are reliably avoided. An essential measure according to the invention on the basis of these advantages is that the squeegee bar located in the holding bar recess is easily deformable on all sides in such a way that the squeegee bar is in itself a snake, whip and / or belt-like deformable and / or twistable extension element over its extension length, that is limp on all sides. The squeegee has a low inherent stiffness behavior in all degrees of freedom compared to the holding bar. The inherent stiffness or straightness properties of the holding bar do not affect the squeegee bar.

It is also essential according to the invention that the squeegee is inserted into the retaining strip recess on all sides without attachment and in all degrees of freedom transverse to the longitudinal extension with at least slight sliding mobility relative between the retaining strip and squeegee. The squeegee strip is thus completely free of jamming in the holding strip recess, that is to say it is exposed and free of tension. The snake-like or whip-like shape of the squeegee contributes to this. This means that the squeegee bar and the holding bar interact only loosely and therefore free of any elastic clamping forces. The cross-sectional and material behavior according to the invention of the squeegee strip ensures that the squeegee strip is convex and concave, deformable and / or bendable in all degrees of freedom transversely to its longitudinal extent, in such a way that the inherent rigidity still remaining of the squeegee strip does not affect its adaptability to the work surface . Another combination measure essential to the invention is that the squeegee strip loosely inserted into the retaining strip recess, which can be bent on all sides in a serpentine manner, rests loosely on the retaining strip recess bottom over the working width on the side opposite the squeegee element. With this pressure elasticity provided over the working width, it is achieved that the contact pressure acting on the squeegee bar is distributed uniformly over the working width, so that deflections and / or inaccuracies in straightness of the holding bar cannot have an effect or are compensated for. Overall, according to the invention, a squeegee device (a squeegee) is achieved which, although viewed in cross section, is composed of several components (retaining strip, pressure-elastic layer, squeegee bend which can be bent in a serpentine line), ensures a squeegee strip working edge or system which is free from conventionally disadvantageous stiffness and / or connection properties of the components across the working width also slight unevenness of the work surface (ie also in the order of 1/1000 mm). The squeegee strip or squeegee edge / surface reacts extremely sensitively at any point along the working width in adaptation to the work surface / base. This gives you a squeegee device that can be used universally for a wide variety of squeegee types in a large number of squeegee devices using a wide variety of setting parameters. Doctor blades according to the invention are outstandingly suitable not only for printing on patterns with flat or round stencils, but also for coating applications with pastes of very high viscosities, if necessary, and, if appropriate, with screen cylinders. Rather, it is also extremely suitable for use, for example, in carpet finishing, especially when printing on carpets with round stencils, with extremely low-viscosity printing inks being usable. With the doctor blades according to the invention, coatings (full-surface applications) of the highest quality can be applied to surfaces with a wide variety of material properties, in particular also to flat bodies such as rollers, conveyor belts, plates, etc. In addition, doctor blades according to the invention are used equally well for cleaning rollers or conveyor belts, in particular for Removal of contaminants and / or liquids or layers and films. It is also particularly suitable for leveling work surfaces. It should be particularly emphasized that doctor blades according to the invention can be used for very large working widths of 5 m and more, with the highest possible working precision and uniformity of width being achievable. Conventional restrictions with regard to the arrangement and storage of the retaining strip have been eliminated in the doctor device according to the invention. This advantage, too, is based on the basic idea of the invention, to give the squeegee a slack characteristic on all sides, regardless of the elements which guide, guide, hold and / or press it on, such as strips, webs and plates, it being essential that the slackness in all Degrees of freedom is formed transversely to the longitudinal length of the squeegee bar by coordinating the material properties and the cross section of the squeegee bar with one another. A further basic idea is to leave the slackness of the squeegee on all sides free from influences by body stiffness, bending properties and / or straight behavior of the guiding, guiding, holding and pressing elements, by the squeegee being able to slide and / or float without attachment, ie in particular is loosely inserted into the holding / pressure bar without screw, adhesive and / or clamping connection.

Particular embodiments of the invention emerge in detail from the subclaims and the exemplary embodiments according to the description of the figures. The following is therefore only a summary of particularly expedient design features and their advantages.

According to the invention, the pressure-elastic contact of the squeegee bar on the side facing away from the squeegee element in the retaining bar recess is always provided without attachment. A special embodiment consists in forming the squeegee itself from a pressure-elastic material which distributes the contact pressure evenly over the working width. Instead or in addition, according to one embodiment of the invention, a separate pressure-elastic element, which extends over the working width, is inserted loosely, ie without a fixed connection to the holding bar, between the recess bottom and the doctor bar. Such a pressure-elastic element is designed in particular as a body to which hydraulic or pneumatic force can be applied in order to generate contact pressure against a holding bar held in a fixed position relative to the work surface. An embodiment of the invention consists in also forming or arranging pressure-elastic layers or elements on the longitudinal sides of the squeegee. A kind of sliding sliding movement is achieved the squeegee in the retaining strip recess. One embodiment of the invention consists in lining the recess wall of the retaining strip with a pressure-elastic profile body which is loosely inserted into the recess and extends over the recess length. In order to ensure a particularly large degree of sliding mobility of the squeegee bar, particularly in the direction transverse to the work surface, sliding layers or elements are formed or arranged between the lateral longitudinal sides of the squeegee bar and the holding bar. A squeegee device according to the invention with sliding elements and / or pressure-elastic bodies inserted into the holding strip recess enables these elements and bodies as well as the squeegee strip to be assembled or disassembled in a simple manner. This makes it easy and easy to replace the squeegee strip.

In general, different types of squeegee strips according to the invention can be inserted into the holding strip recess, the selection of which depends on the squeegee work to be carried out. In particular, it depends on the cross-sectional shape of the squeegee strip in the squeegee area, i.e. to the shape of the actual doctor element, in particular acute-angled and round doctor blade edges or surfaces can be formed simply or, viewed in the working direction, several times in succession. In such cases, the squeegee is in one piece, and it always consists of a material that can be bent and deformed in a serpentine manner on all sides transverse to its longitudinal extension in accordance with its cross-sectional dimensioning.

However, it is also particularly expedient to design the squeegee strip element separately as a rod or strip element and to insert it one or more times into the squeegee strip designed according to the invention. It is pointed out that the separately used doctor element in the area of the retaining strip recess approximately has the same all-round bending property as the squeegee strip joined to the squeegee element.

A special type of design is that the squeegee element forming a component of the one-piece squeegee strip or inserted separately into the squeegee strip in the direction of the work surface is so far free and provided with such a bending elasticity that it depends on the relative movement between the work surface and the squeegee device against the Work surface in a tilted position at an acute angle against the work surface in accordance with the working direction.

It is also particularly advantageous that, in comparison to the overall cross section of the squeegee strip, it is possible to use doctor element element rods which are very small or tiny in cross section, the rod material being relatively hard, e.g. can be selected from steel, but due to the tiny rod cross section the serpentine bendability in pairing with the squeegee bar is guaranteed.

In an embodiment of the invention, it is also provided to use an application doctor blade element profile bar as a roller bar in the doctor blade strip.

The squeegee device according to the invention is in any case excellently suitable for contact pressure caused by gravity of the holding / pressure bar, magnetically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically. The contact pressure is caused by loosely interacting with the squeegee or the squeegee profile parts or device strips, without the bending, inherent rigidity and / or straightness characteristics of the pressing elements can have an adverse effect on the squeegee element.

The doctor device according to the invention or its doctor bar / element can be arranged in any spatial position, i.e. aligned from above or below to horizontally, vertically or diagonally running doctor surfaces, so that it can be applied against rollers in any circumferential position, including at the lower vertex of the roller, or from below against a work surface or one leveling layer already applied, parts of this layer peeling or peeling can work. In this regard, reference is made to the application already mentioned, to peel off an adhesive layer wetted with solvent or, if appropriate, with water, or to remove adhesive residues, for example from textile fibers or the like. or from an endless conveyor belt in a textile printing machine. In general, the doctor device according to the invention is outstanding as a drying doctor for removing cleaning or rinsing liquid from conveyor belts, from a roller or the like. Suitable areas.

Since the doctor device according to the invention is completely decoupled from the bending, inherent stiffness and / or straightness properties of pressing elements or strips, it can be used particularly advantageously as a tilt or swivel-controlled doctor device. The slope or angle of the edge or surface of the doctor element relative to the working surface and / or the substance space located in front of the doctor element in the case of substance application devices can thus be influenced favorably and advantageously during doctor operation with regard to a controlled and targeted doctor result. In this regard, it is pointed out once again that with the doctor device according to the invention the disadvantageous force, form-locking and / or fastening effects between holding / pressing elements or bodies occurring in conventional doctor devices are eliminated and instead an unimpeded free action of the doctor bar or the doctor element on the squeegee surface is guaranteed.

Fig. 1 bis 8

in Queransicht Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Rakelgeräte mit einstückigen oder mehrteiligen Rakelleisten sowie mit unterschiedlichen Gestaltungen von druckelastischen Elementen,

Fig. 9 bis 12

erfindungsgemäß gestaltete Rakelleisten,

Fig. 13 bis 18

in Queransicht Gestaltungsvarianten erfindungsgemäßer Rakelgeräte mit um eine zur Rakelgerätlängsachse parallele Achse kipp-/schwenkbaren Rakelelementen,

Fig. 19 bis 23

in Queransicht weitere Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Rakelgeräte,

Fig. 24 bis 31

in Queransicht Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Rakelgeräte als Spaltrakeln und als Beschichtungsrakeln und

Fig. 32

in Queransicht ein weiteres erfindungungsgemäßes Rakelgerät.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention emerge from the following description of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the schematic drawing. Show it

1 to 8

in a transverse view, embodiments of squeegee devices according to the invention with one-piece or multi-part squeegee strips and with different designs of pressure-elastic elements,

9 to 12

squeegee strips designed according to the invention,

13 to 18

in a transverse view, design variants of doctor devices according to the invention with doctor elements which can be tilted / pivoted about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the doctor device,

19 to 23

in transverse view further embodiments of doctor devices according to the invention,

24 to 31

in transverse view embodiments of doctor devices according to the invention as gap doctor blades and as coating doctor blades and

Fig. 32

in transverse view another doctor blade device according to the invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a squeegee device according to the invention, hereinafter also referred to as a squeegee, comprising a profile holding strip 2 with an integrated, groove or recess 30 with a rectangular cross section, which is provided with two lateral sliding surfaces 290 and with a support surface area 4 on the recess bottom, and a profile squeegee strip 5 inserted into the groove 30 with a rectangular cross section corresponding to the recess, the side of which protrudes against a processing surface 19 as a squeegee element 6 is formed, which forms a squeegee or working edge over the working area with a contact surface or line. An upper lateral squeegee strip surface 7 opposite this squeegee side is provided and designed to absorb a force which causes the squeegee contact pressure. Characteristic properties and configurations of the doctor blade strip 5 according to the invention are described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12.

In all figures, the embodiments of the doctor device according to the invention are always shown in cross section. The doctor device with a longitudinal axis of the doctor device extends perpendicular to the device cross section over the working width or over the width of a processing machine.

Reference numerals 8/8 'denote pressure-elastic elements in the form of profiled strips or strips which generate doctor pressure and / or are transmitted from the holding strip 2 and which cause a uniform pressure distribution over the entire length of the doctor blade 1 or in any case over the respective doctor working width, so that Straightness inaccuracies of the retaining bar 2 can be compensated and compensated.

The squeegee strip 5 is held and guided in the recess 30 laterally and in the direction transverse to the processing surface 19 so as to be slidably movable. It is essential that the squeegee strip 5 is dimensioned in cross section so that it is located in the holding strip recess 30 without jamming. On the processing surface 19 facing A locking part 210 is arranged on the underside of the holding bar 2 and engages in a cut-out area of the squeegee bar 5 in order to prevent the squeegee bar 5 from being removed from the squeegee operating state, for example when the squeegee 1 is lifted off the work surface 19 and during squeegee handling operations can accidentally slide out or fall out of the holding and guiding groove 30.

Reference numerals 11 to 14 denote lateral holding and sliding guide parts forming system elements of a processing machine, not shown, which determine the position of the doctor blade 1 and enable it to slide along a surface plane 15 or 16 which is perpendicular or inclined to the application plane 19 and extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the doctor device. To move the retaining strip 2 along the surface 16, the contact elements 11 to 14 are jointly tilted or pivoted accordingly.

The squeegee 5 and the holding bar 2 are held freely movable in the direction transverse to the processing surface 19, so that the squeegee 5 rests against the working surface 19 with relative movement between it and the holding bar 2, possibly with the interposition of a circular or flat template 17 or 18 . Such stencils are provided in application devices for pattern printing or coating a work surface with a substance 70 (FIG. 2).

Instead of the slide guides 11 to 14 shown in FIG. 1, other constructive means and measures, such as, for example, a pendulum swivel mount of the holding bar 2, can be provided. The work surface 19, which is formed by the material to be processed with a doctoring process, lies on a base such as a work table 20 or a roller (not shown in FIG. 1, 2). The base 20 is provided in particular as a magnetic table or as a magnetic roller. In this way can then be at least partially made of magnetizable material holding strip 2 by means of magnetic force of the base 20 for pressing the doctor element 6.

The doctor blade 1 shown in FIG. 1 only with loose, unloaded contact to the work surface 19 is shown in FIG. 2 in the operating state. By the action of arrows 31, 31 'and 31' 'on the retaining strip 2, a force required for the doctor pressure is introduced into the doctor blade 5 or its parts 7, 6. As a result, the pressure-elastic force transmission parts 8 and 8 'are compressed perpendicular to the work surface 19 from a cross-sectional dimension 32 (FIG. 1) in the unpressurized state to a cross-sectional dimension 33 (FIG. 2). This also results, due to the action of force, in a sliding sliding relative movement between the squeegee 5 and the sliding surfaces 290 within the recess 30 of the holding strip 2. The relative movement perpendicular to the processing surface 19 is illustrated by arrows 34/34 '. The measure of the relative movement of the doctor blade strip 5 is equal to the difference between the two cross-sectional dimensions 32 and 33.

The contact pressure represented by arrow 31 can advantageously be applied by means of gravity through the weight of the holding strip 2. This contact pressure can be increased by applying additional force to the retaining strip 2 in the direction 31, namely by additional weight loads and / or the action of mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated aids and / or by magnetic force. A strengthening of the doctor blade contact pressure by magnetic force presupposes that the holding strip 2, parts thereof and / or non-positively connected parts are made of magnetizable material, the magnetizable body having a magnetic device which is inserted into the working base 20 (table, roller). installed, interact. Arrows 35 and 36 denote one in Relative working movement between the doctor blade 1 and the working surface 19 or a template 17, 18.

3 and 4 show a squeegee device 1 according to the invention in a construction which is structurally simplified compared to FIGS. 1 and 2. The squeegee strip 5, like that according to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, has a serpentine bending deformability (explained below with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12). The simplification is that the squeegee 5 according to the invention consists of a pressure-elastic material which is easily deformable under squeegee pressure, its material characteristics and cross-sectional shape being selected and selected such that the squeegee 5 with its parts 6, 7 has a pressure elasticity which is uniform over the working width , namely a compressible compressibility and deformability in addition to the serpentine bending deformability. The separate pressure-elastic elements 8, 8 'according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are omitted due to the special material, dimension and functional characteristics imparted to the squeegee strip 5.

A further special design of the squeegee 1 according to the invention is that the squeegee strip 5, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, is dimensioned smaller in its cross-sectional width 38 compared to the holding strip groove width 39 to the extent that one is introduced corresponds to the contact pressure in direction 31 (FIG. 4) of deformation (increase in thickness) of squeegee strip 5 until groove width 39 is reached. When the lateral longitudinal sides of the squeegee strip 5 abut against the retaining strip recess wall, the squeegee strip 5 or its material is so flexible that no clamps which impede the squeegee function occur in the retaining strip recess 30. The displacement movement resulting from the introduction of force in the direction 31 and from the pressure deformation of the squeegee strip 5, as described above the holding bar 2 in the direction against the work surface 20 is shown in Fig. 4 with 34 ''.

Another squeegee device 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to the squeegee device 1 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 with regard to the pressure-elastic material property and the cross-sectional dimensioning in the groove 30. The force flow or the pressure deformation of the squeegee bar 5 is schematically illustrated by arrows 37, 37 ' . In the part 6 of the squeegee strip 5 protruding from the groove 30, a squeegee strip 61 which carries out the squeegee work is inserted as the squeegee working element 6. In the exemplary embodiment, this consists of a material whose hardness and abrasion resistance is greater than that of the material from which the squeegee strip 5 is made. However, it should be pointed out that the squeegee working element 61 can also consist of material which is relatively soft and preferably slidable compared to the material of the holding strip 5. In addition, the squeegee working element 61, based on its cross section, can consist of material that can be deformed by bending elasticity or of material that is not deformable by the squeegee contact pressure, depending on the required squeegee work performance and function. A particularly preferred design according to the invention, however, consists in that, on the basis of the choice of material and dimensioning, the all-round bendability of the squeegee strip 5 as well as of the squeegee working elements which can be used in this embodiment according to the invention is ensured.

In Fig. 6, 62 denotes a circular cross-section squeegee element, e.g. a profile rod rotating in the direction of arrow 41 in the form of a doctor roller or a e.g. round rod fixed against rotation by a pin 42, i.e. can be a round profiled doctor blade.

7 and 8 are two further construction variants according to the invention with the differences described below represented to the previous embodiments.

In Fig. 7, the pressure-elastic element consists of a hollow body 8 '' which is oval in cross-section and which, depending on the required squeegee pressure, is open or closed at the ends and possibly filled with a medium under pressure (e.g. compressed air).

FIG. 8 shows a cylinder element 8 ″ ″ with an oval cross section that can be deformed under pressure. 8 that the doctor pressure does not necessarily have to be brought about by the holding strip 2 as an independent pressing part 2. In an embodiment of the invention, it is possible for the holding bar 2 with the squeegee bar 5 inserted therein and the squeegee element 6 to be clamped between the working base 20 and a U-shaped pressing and holding bar 43 which is open to the working surface 19. In order to bring about the required doctor pressure, either the pressure bar 43 can be moved in the direction of the pressure force (arrow 31), and / or in Fig. 8, instead of the element 8 '' ', an independent pressure force-generating, pressure-elastic element can be applied with an adjustable pressure force used. This makes it clear that the pressure-elastic element 8 in addition to the uniform pressure distribution over the working width and thus to compensate for manufacturing and setting inaccuracies in doctor blades according to the invention can advantageously also be provided for the defined generation of the doctor pressure.

In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 7 and 8, squeegee strips 5 according to the invention consist, as in all other exemplary embodiments, of a material which has the material characteristics according to the invention of optimum flexibility, that is to say bendability on all sides with respect to the longitudinal extent of the squeegee strip 5. There is a squeegee working element in the squeegee strip 5 6 used, which consists of relatively soft, pressure-elastic deformable material and extends with its high cross-sectional edges relatively far into the interior of the retaining strip groove 30. Depending on the selected thickness 38 ', 38'', depending on the required squeegee contact pressure and depending on the size, the release of the protruding working part 63, 63', a bending or curvature of the released working part 63, 62 'influencing the squeegee work performance can be made against the high edge of the Doctor element 6 take place. Of course, the squeegee parts or elements 6, 61 of the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 5 can also be appropriately designed, dimensioned and designed in order to achieve a bend or curvature of the exposed part if necessary.

The characteristic of squeegee strips 5 according to the invention is shown with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11. The perspective representation is intended to illustrate the characteristic feature of the invention of the all-round bendability of a one-piece squeegee strip 5 (FIG. 10) and functionally identical two-part squeegee strips (FIG. 9, 11, 12 (with separate elements 6)), each given with respect to the longitudinal extension axis. According to the invention, the squeegee strip 5, with a squeegee element 6 possibly inserted into it, has an unusual serpentine or whip-shaped curvature, deformation and bending characteristic in the manner of a serpentine, whip and belt-like element which extends for a long time. The squeegee bar therefore corresponds only in the cross-sectional representation to an element normally understood in mechanical engineering practice as a profile bar. The squeegee strip 5 according to FIG. 10 shows a whip-like squeegee strip 5 which is "highly flexible" according to this requirement and which has a cross section similar to that of the squeegee strip shown in FIG. 5. Two cross-sections are indicated by dashed lines along the length of the squeegee strip. (Axial) sub-axis classes entered perpendicular to these cross sections recognize that the axis straightness to be achieved, which is important for the function and precision of the squeegee device, for contacting a processing surface does not result from the squeegee strip 5 and also not from squeegee working elements 6 which may be inserted into this squeegee strip. Rather, an essential basis of the invention consists in specifically dispensing with the conventional doctoring constructions own construction straightness axes, the doctoring edge / contact surface or the doctoring strip 5 with the doctoring element 6 by a special material and dimension characteristic of the doctoring strip and by a special arrangement to adapt the parts to one another with the lowest possible squeegee inherent rigidity, ie with the greatest possible conformability to the squeegee work surface.

FIG. 9 shows a squeegee strip 5 corresponding to the embodiment variant according to FIGS. 7 and 8, in which a strip-shaped squeegee working element 6 is inserted. FIG. 9 is intended to clarify that the squeegee strip 5 of this embodiment has a slightly lower bendability on all sides over its longitudinal extent than the squeegee strip 5 shown in FIG. 10, which corresponds to those in FIGS. 1 to 4. It is emphasized, however, that the ease of bendability of the squeegee strip 5 according to FIG. 9 on all sides is provided so large that the whip or serpentine shape and bendability which is essential for the invention is ensured.

According to FIG. 11, a profile bar 62 with a circular cross-section is inserted into the doctor blade strip 5 (corresponding to the embodiment in FIG. 6) as a doctor element. Otherwise, the explanations for FIG. 9 also apply here.

FIG. 12 shows, in a representation similar to FIGS. 9 to 11, a plurality of doctor blade profile strips 5 with different cross-sectional shapes, partly without and partly with inserted doctor blade working elements 6, each lying on an imaginary surface.

FIGS. 13 to 18 show further variants of doctor devices 1 designed according to the invention, with holding and movement devices or parts of the devices which are, in particular, functionally essential.

Fig. 13 shows an embodiment variant of the holding bar 2 which corresponds essentially to Figs. 1 to 4 and 7. It is shown that a doctor device 1 according to the invention, i.e. the holding strip 2 with the squeegee strip 5 designed in accordance with the invention and being able to be moved by sliding, with its vertical body center surface 44 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device, can be pivoted about an imaginary axis 45 running along the squeegee contact area 45 in the direction of the surface angle position 44 'and 44' '.

14 shows an exemplary embodiment with a squeegee swivel construction, with a swiveling movement D of the holding bar 2 being carried out by means of circular cylindrical shaft journals 46 formed at their front ends and extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device, each of which loosely engages in a swivel bearing receptacle 47 with a circular cross section, which is incorporated in an end-side holding part 48 formed by a plate. The squeegee strip 5 is inserted into the holding strip 2 in accordance with the previously described exemplary embodiments. The holding parts 48 are held transversely in the direction of the double arrow 49, in particular perpendicular to the work surface 19, in a processing machine, not shown. This is achieved in particular in that each end plate 48 can be moved between two slide guide parts 50, 50 'which are arranged laterally in the region of the pin 46 and are only shown schematically. With 51 is attached to the holding bar 2 pivot control and holding arm. By means of this arm 51, a desired angle adjustment of the doctor blade can be accomplished and determined by an auxiliary device (not shown).

FIG. 15 shows another doctor blade swivel device which is functionally identical to the doctor blade device according to FIG. 14. Here, the retaining strip 2 consists continuously of a circular cylindrical body over its entire longitudinal extent, in which a squeegee strip 5 according to one of the previously described performance variants is inserted. The retaining strip 2 is loosely adjacent to the lateral U inner walls and is movable in the direction of the double arrow 49 in a profile strip 52 which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee and has an internal cross section and is open to the work surface 19. The U-profile strip 52 can be divided into two or more parts divided over the working width. At the longitudinal edges of the U-recess of the profile strip 52, inwardly directed profile formations 53, 53 'are formed, which make it possible for the doctor blade 1 to be lifted off the work surface 19 by means of the profile strip 52. An arm 51 connected to the holding bar 2 has the same function as the arm shown in FIG. 14. In Fig. 15, the pivoting mobility of the arm 51 is limited by a slot-shaped opening 54 which is incorporated in the web part of the U-profile strip 52. The swivel range can be changed in accordance with the opening size of the slot transverse to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee.

16 and 17 show a further embodiment of a doctor blade device according to the invention with a tilt / swivel mount. A holding part 48 in the form of a plate arranged on the end face of the squeegee device 1 has a rectangular bearing recess 55 which is open towards the end side of the holding bar 2. The plate 48 is part of a storage device of a processing machine, not shown. Two pins 56, 56 ′ protrude into the bearing opening 55, which are fastened to the front end of the neck part strip 2 and extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device. Both ends of the holding strips are preferably provided with such a tilting / pivoting bearing.

A pivot bearing according to FIG. 14 can also be provided on the other end of the retaining strip. The pins 56, 56 'are arranged at such a transverse distance that they can be moved in the bearing opening 55 from a horizontal contact position at the opening edge (FIG. 16) into a diagonal position (FIG. 17). If the holding part 48 is moved in the direction 49 (FIG. 16) towards the processing surface 19 into the position shown in FIG. 17 and either the doctor blade 1 in the direction of the arrow 35 or the working surface 19 (optionally together with a template 18) in Moved in the direction of arrow 36, the squeegee bar 5 tilts with the holding bar 2 into the inclined position shown in FIG. 17. The retaining strip 2 is therefore subject to a tilting or swiveling movement about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the doctor blade device in the direction of the arrow 57, to the point of abutment 58 of the pin 56 'on the opening edge of the bearing opening 55. According to the dimensions of the rectangle of the bearing opening 55 and the transverse distance the pin 56, 56 'the position of the abutment point 58 and thus the size of the pivoting range is predetermined. 16 and 17 can advantageously be operated as a tipping squeegee, which is lifted from the work surface 19 when the working direction is reversed (vertical position of the squeegee strip according to FIG. 16) and works in the opposite working directions with correspondingly opposite tipping positions.

A pivoting or tilting movement of a doctor element 6 of a doctor device 1 according to the invention can advantageously also be brought about by a design according to FIG. 18.

In FIG. 18, a retaining strip 2, which is rectangular in cross section, is only slidable in a straight line in the direction perpendicular to the work surface either over its entire length or in parts of its longitudinal extent between only schematically illustrated slide guide parts 59, 59 'of a processing machine, not shown 19 held. Swiveling movement of the doctor element 63 about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the doctor device is effected solely by the fact that the working element 63, ie the doctor element 6 protruding from the holding bar 2, of the doctor bar 5 is released with a relatively large length, in contrast to the exemplary embodiments described above. As a result, depending on the doctor pressure and the relative movement between doctor 1 and work surface 19, a tilting / swiveling movement of doctor element 6, 63 is achieved, which corresponds in function and effect to that of the embodiment according to FIGS. 16, 17. The pivoting range of the squeegee working element 63 is limited by surfaces 60, 60 ′ of the holding bar 2 which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device. With these surfaces 60, 60 ', the retaining strip groove 30 is widened in funnel shape towards the working surface 19.

19 shows a squeegee device 1 according to the invention with a holding strip recess 30 which is rectangular in cross section and which is formed off-center in the holding strip body. Holding parts required for the holding strip 2 are not shown. Such an asymmetrical arrangement enables the setting of special angles of attack of the squeegee bar 5 relative to the work surface. 19, in the area in front of the doctor element 6 between the work surface 19 or a template 17 or 18 and the holding strip 2, a relatively large space (see arrow S) for a coating substance has been reached. By pivoting (arrow D) and lowering the cross-sectionally cylindrical holding strip 2 by means of a bearing (not shown), the doctor strip 5 can be brought from the vertical position into a tilted position, the space in front of the doctor element 6 being increased. If the same doctor device 1 is used for doctor work in the opposite direction, then a substance storage space is reached in front of the doctor element 6 which is less open. In general, in the embodiments with a pressure-elastic element 8, a change in position the squeegee 5 in the direction of the work surface 19 can be effected in that the pressure-elastic element 8 can be changed and adjusted in cross-section in the direction of the work surface 19 by connection to a pressure system under targeted control. In this way, the squeegee 5, especially when changing the pivoting of the holding bar 2, can be pushed out of the holding bar 2 via a defined path or the squeegee element 6 can be released to a greater extent.

20, a special design of the doctor device 1 according to the invention is that the pressure-elastic element 8 is incorporated into the body of the doctor bar 5, so that it can be handled in one piece with it. The pressure-elastic element 8 lies loosely and freely movable on the bottom wall of the retaining strip recess 30.

In FIG. 21, the holding strip 2 is inserted into a holding bar 43 in a manner similar to that in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, wherein it is mounted in an alternative manner to the working surface 19. The upper doctor blade surface 7 opposite a doctor element 6 is wedge-shaped or roof-shaped. Thus, the squeegee strip 5 is supported on both sides longitudinally obliquely against the surface of the retaining strip recess 30 on both sides, the roof-shaped squeegee strip surface 7 extending between two pressure-elastic hollow bodies 8. In this way, a very pronounced pressure-elastic, floating movement support of the squeegee strip 5 in the holding strip recess 30 is achieved. To set and / or fine-adjust the contact pressure and / or the angle of attack of the squeegee strip, the two pressure-elastic hollow bodies can be subjected to different pressures in a targeted manner. For example, the doctor bar 5 can be provided with a doctor roller 6 as a doctor element. Of course, the doctor bar 5 can also be provided with other doctor elements, such as a doctor blade, or a desired doctor element shape, eg have an obtuse-angled squeegee working edge. Examples of such possibilities are shown in dashed lines in FIG. 21.

22, a squeegee device 1 according to the invention comprises a swivel arm 205 which rises upwards and is arranged centrally and firmly on the holding bar 2 and is provided at its free end with a thickening 206 which is circular in cross section and which swivellably engages in a fork body 23 which is open at the bottom which is movable along an axis 207 extending in the working direction and parallel to the application surface 19 into the position shown in dashed lines. This causes a pivoting movement of the holding bar 2 around the contact line of the doctor element 6, the holding bar 2 lying loosely against a positioning system arranged on the longitudinal side of the holding bar 2. With a change in the angular position of the squeegee strip 5, a corresponding change in the squeegee work performance and thus the application result is achieved. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 22, the part of the squeegee strip 5 which extends in the holding strip recess 30 is inserted into a U-profile body 21 which is pressure-elastic and extends across the recess length transversely to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device. The squeegee 5 is loosely inserted in the U-profile body 21 so as to be movable. It is particularly expedient to provide the surface of the part of the squeegee strip 5 inserted into the pressure-elastic body 21, or at least the lateral long sides of the squeegee strip part used, with a sliding coating or a sliding layer 290.

FIG. 23 shows a squeegee device 1 according to the invention, the squeegee strip 5 of which, like the squeegee device according to FIG. 22, is loosely inserted in a compression-elastic U-profile body embedding 21. In addition, the surface of the U-profile body 21 or the wall of the retaining strip recess is provided with a sliding layer 29. This is a very pronounced sliding-sliding mobility Squeegee bar 5 reached in all degrees of freedom across the longitudinal axis of the squeegee device, so that the squeegee bar 5 is guided and held on all sides in a floating manner. To support this free floating mobility, as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 22, a U-shaped shape of the holding strip base, against which the U-shaped strip 21 bears in a form-fitting manner along its U-web, contributes. 23, the squeegee strip 5 is formed in one piece with a pointed squeegee working element 6. Here, as in the other examples, the squeegee working element 6 can have a different shape, for example also be round, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 23.

The squeegee device according to FIG. 23 comprises a special bearing 22 for the holding bar 2. A support bar 222 is fixedly connected to a holding arm 221. This engages with a T-piece in a bearing recess 223 of the retaining bar 2, which is perpendicular to the work surface 19 movable against the arm 221, but is held captive on this. The squeegee device 1 is positioned in a processing machine by means of the support bar 222, wherein it is brought into the desired position by changing the position of the support bar 222 in direction B before or during operation. In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 22 and 23, the holding strip 2 is at least partially made of magnetizable material, the contact pressure being generated and set by means of a magnetic base 20.

24 and 25 show doctor devices 1 according to the invention, which form so-called doctor blades. A gap doctor device comprises two doctor device units 110, 120, each of which forms a doctor device in the manner described above. That is to say that each doctor unit 110, 120 comprises a holding strip 2 or housing parts 250 which form a holding strip and are composed of several parts, wherein in each case a doctor strip 5 is designed in accordance with the invention and is supported on a surface 7 under pressure-elastic support is loosely slidably inserted into the retaining strip recess 30 relative to the retaining strip bottom.

24 and 25 comprises four spaces of a doctor unit housing which extend over the working width parallel to the longitudinal axis of the doctor unit. An upper space is formed by a container or trough 24, which merges into a slot-shaped space 241 located centrally below and formed by a hollow strip 240. The third or fourth housing space extends on each side of the hollow strip 240, each of these housing spaces at least partially forming the holding strip recess 30 for the squeegee strip 5. The two squeegee strips 5, which thus form a pair of squeegee strips, protrude with their squeegee elements 6 of the same length from the squeegee housing. As a result, a space or gap 26 is formed between the two doctor elements 6, into which the space 241 of the hollow strip 240 opens. All rooms are sealed on the two end faces of the doctor blade device 1 by walls or plates.

The container or trough 24 is loaded with an application substance 70 which, if necessary, passes under pressure through the slot space 241 into the gap space 26 between the two doctor elements 6. The squeegee strips / elements 5/6 seal the substance gap 26 with their working edges lying against the work surface 19 or possibly against a template 17, so that they perform a sealing function in addition to the application function.

According to FIG. 24, the doctor elements 6 of the doctor unit 110, 120 are pointed, while according to FIG. 25 a round rod is inserted as the doctor element 6.

As can be seen from FIGS. 24 and 25, it is readily possible to equip a gap doctor blade device 1 with doctor blades 5 of very different dimensions in cross section.

24, the housing space of the doctor unit 110 is used entirely as a holding strip recess 30 for the one doctor strip 5, which is supported against two pressure-elastic elements 8. The squeegee strip 5 of the squeegee unit 120 is flatter and is only supported against a pressure-elastic element 8. For this purpose, in the housing space of the doctor unit 120 there is provided a bar 25 which is fixedly connected to the doctor unit housing and forms a wall of the retaining bar recess 30.

25, retaining strip bodies 2 are inserted into the housing spaces on both sides of the slot space 241 and are firmly connected to the housing frame by a screw connection. In the lower region of the slot space 241, the holding strip recess 30 for the squeegee strip 5 is formed, which rests loosely on its surface 7 against a pressure-elastic element 8.

The squeegee device 1 according to FIG. 24 is pivotably held via a joint arranged on the trough 24, while the squeegee device 1 according to FIG. 25 bears against holding / sliding guide parts 11 to 14 in a slidable manner. Such storage has been described with reference to FIG. 1. - The doctor blades can be operated in both directions A.

A doctor device 1 according to the invention according to FIG. 26 is also designed as a gap doctor device. The two doctor unit units 110 and 120 essentially correspond to the units according to FIGS. 24 and 25. Between the units 110 and 120, retaining strip wall elements 25 'are provided, so that the substance gap 26 between the two doctor elements 6 of the units 110 and 120 is correspondingly wider . A relatively large slot space 241 is provided between the wall parts 25 'for supplying the substance 70 from the trough space. The unit 110 comprises a squeegee strip which is two-part with the squeegee element 6 5. Two pointed doctor blade working edges 67 are formed on the doctor element 6. The doctor unit 120 corresponds to an embodiment, as has been described, for example, with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 10. Viewed in direction A, a further doctor unit 130 is arranged downstream of the two units 110 and 120. This unit is functionally identical to the embodiment according to FIG. 5. However, two separate pressure-elastic elements 8 are provided. The doctor blade 6 of the unit 130 has the purpose of leveling the substance 70 applied by the doctor bar 5 of the unit 120. The two units 110 and 130 are provided with a locking part 210. The trough 24 can be closed by a cover 28, which can also be arranged as a pressure bar which transmits contact pressure in the direction of the arrows 31. In addition to or instead of this contact pressure, contact can be made with magnetic force if, as shown in FIG. 26, the work surface 20 is provided with magnetic devices, the magnetic force of which acts on the holding / pressure bars 2, which at least partially consist of magnetizable material.

27 and 28 show that squeegees according to the invention can also readily be designed as gap-type squeegees which can work against a curved work surface 19 which, in the exemplary embodiments, extends along a magnetic roller base. The doctor device units 110 and 120 are each connected via end-side wall parts or plates 101 which close the trough for the substance 70. The position of the device units 110, 120 is provided such that the squeegee strips / element 5, 6 engage in the working path of the work surface 19. The doctor blade device 1 according to FIG. 27 is arranged in the region of the upper apex of the roller base 20, while the doctor blade device 1 in FIG. 28 is provided near the side apex of the roller base 20. 28, the trough 24 comprises a lateral trough wall 27. The doctor device 1 is with the holding bar 2 of the device unit 110 is supported on a console 107 of a processing machine (not shown in more detail).

FIG. 29 shows a similar arrangement to FIG. 26 with two doctor device units 110 and 120 according to the invention. In this case, the trough 24 is funnel-shaped. As in FIG. 26, a contact pressure can be exerted mechanically on the holding strips 2 by means of a cover or bar 28. It may also be expedient to arrange the cover or bar 28 of a processing machine, not shown, in a fixed position and to connect it firmly to a sliding guide part 11, on which the holding / pressure bar 2 of the doctor unit 120 rests in a direction that is slidable in the direction perpendicular to the work surface 19. In such a case, the contact pressure is magnetic.

30 illustrates that a doctor device according to the invention, here in the form of a doctor blade 1 with doctor units 110 and 120, can easily work against a work surface 19 from below. If the squeegee device is operated by means of magnetic force between a magnetic contact device 20 and magnetizable holding / trough parts 2, 24, the device 1 rests with the trough 24 on consoles 108 with the trough 24 switched off with the electric magnetic force source. However, the brackets 108 of a processing machine (not shown) can also be moved in the direction of the working surface 19 with mechanical, pneumatic and / or hydraulic force, in order in this way to cause the doctoring device 1 to be pressed against the working system 20. The substance 70 in the trough 24 is pressurized to ensure that it is fed into the working gap 26. The gap space 26 and the slot space 241 are sealed by plates arranged on the end face. In the area of the gap space 26, each plate extends to the contact lines 103 and 104 of the doctor units 110 and 120.

FIG. 31 shows yet another embodiment of a doctor blade device 1 according to the invention in the form of a split doctor blade with doctor blade unit units 110 and 120. The holding / pressure strips 2 are connected to one another by end plates 101 and a support bar 74. 71 denotes an inlet opening for the substance 70, which is possibly provided in the end plate 101.

The squeegee device according to the invention shown in FIG. 32 shows a sliding element 29, which is arranged only on the one lateral longitudinal side of the holding strip recess 30. Practical tests have shown that with a sliding element 29 arranged in this way, a very large sliding mobility of the doctor blade 5 in the direction transverse to the work surface 19 can be achieved during doctor operation. A contact pressure D _c exerted on the holding bar 2 is transmitted to the pressure-elastic element 8 (D) and acts on the squeegee bar 5 or the squeegee element 6.

According to the invention, the squeegee strip 5 is inserted into the holding strip recess 30 so that it can be moved in a loose manner. If one wishes to prevent the squeegee strip 5 from slipping or sliding out of the recess 30 when the squeegee device is being operated outside the operating state, locking parts 210 are provided as shown in FIGS. 1 to 8. Slipping out must be avoided in particular in the case of a tilting doctor blade, as has been described with reference to FIGS. 14, 16 and 17. For this purpose, a locking part 210 can also be provided in the form of pins, which are arranged on the end faces of the retaining strip 2 and enclose in associated recesses of the doctor blade 5, the recesses being provided so large that the free sliding movement of the doctor blade 5 in the retaining strip recess 30 is guaranteed.

Claims (38)

1. Doctoring device (1) including
      a retaining/pressing bar (2) which extends longitudinally over the working breadth parallel to the longitudinal axis of the doctoring device and has an elongate recess (30) and
      a doctor bar (5), which is provided with a doctor element (6) and which is inserted into the elongate recess (30) in the retaining bar, whereby the doctor element (6) projects out of the elongate recess (30) in the retaining bar over the working breadth, and which operates under a pressing force against a laminar element (19), such as a web, an areal piece of material or another structure affording a surface, such as a roller or a strip, which is moved transversely and relative to the doctor element (6),
      whereby
      the doctor bar (5) is inserted into the elongate recess (30) in the retaining bar without a fixed connection with the retaining bar (2),
      the doctor bar (5) is resiliently supported along the upper longitudinal side (7) opposed to the doctor element (6) against the base (4) of the elongate recess (30) and is guided against lateral surfaces of the elongate recess (30),
      at least the portion of the doctor bar (5) extending within the elongate recess (30) is deformable and movable transverse to the longitudinal axis of the doctor bar with respect to each doctor bar cross-section in all degrees of freedom and
      the retaining/pressing bar (2) and the doctor bar (5) are slidably movable relative to one another without jamming and at least slightly loosely in all degrees of freedom transverse to the longitudinal axis of the doctoring device.
2. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the doctor bar (5) and the doctor element (6) comprise a material which is elastically bendable in all directions transverse to their length with respect to each cross-section, whereby restoring forces of the doctor bar (5) caused by inherent stiffness are lower than the smallest doctor pressing force acting on the doctor bar (5).
3. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the doctor bar (5) comprises an elastically resilient material, which distributes and evens out compressive forces directed transversely to the working surface (19) over its length, at least in the region of the upper longitudinal side (7).
4. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the doctor bar (5) comprises, at least in the region of the longitudinal sides extending laterally within the recess (30), an elastically deformable material, which distributes and evens out the compressive forces directed transversely towards the lateral longitudinal sides over its length.
5. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that provided between the lateral recess surfaces and the doctor bar (5) there are elastic layers or elements which distribute and even out compressive forces directed transversely towards the lateral longitudinal sides of the doctor bar over its length.
6. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the portion of the doctor bar (5) extending within the recess (30) in the retaining bar is inserted into a profile body (21), which is elastic transverse to its length and extends over the length of the recess and which distributes and evens out compressive forces directed towards the longitudinal sides of the doctor bar (5) over its length (Figs. 22, 23).
7. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that disposed in the recess (30) in the retaining bar between the retaining bar (2) and the upper longitudinal side (7) of the doctor bar (5) opposed to the doctor element (6) there is at least one elastic element (8) which extends over the length of the recess and which distributes and evens out compressive forces exerted on the doctor bar (5) over its length.
8. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the elastic element (8) is recessed into the doctor bar (5).
9. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the elastic element (8) is an elastic hollow body, such as a hose, filled with a hydraulic fluid.
10. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the cross-sectional breadth (38) of the doctor bar (5) is dimensioned smaller than the breadth (39) of the recess in the retaining bar in the dimension which corresponds to a deformation of the doctor bar (5), which occurs by the action of a pressing force, until the breadth (39) of the recess is reached (Figs. 3, 4).
11. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the elastic element is an element (8) which produces a pressing force.
12. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that arranged at least partially between the surfaces of the recess and the doctor bar (5) and extending over the length of the recess and parallel to the longitudinal surfaces of the doctor bar (5) there is a sliding lining or sliding element (29, 290).
13. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 12, characterised in that provided at least along one of the lateral doctor bar sides there is a sliding surface which is constructed as a surface sliding lining (290) of the doctor bar (5) or by means of a sliding element (29) engaging the doctor bar (5).
14. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that provided at least partially on the surfaces of the recess there is a sliding surface which is constructed as a surface sliding lining (290) of the surface of the recess or by means of a sliding element (29) engaging the surfaces of the recess.
15. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the recess (30) in the retaining bar is of rectangular, U or circular cross-section and that the cross-section of the doctor bar (5) is matched at least partially to the internal shape of the recess and extends in alignment with it.
16. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the recess (30) in the retaining bar is provided with an abutment element (9) which engages in a recess in the doctor bar and undetachably retains the doctor bar (5) in the recess (30).
17. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the doctor element (6) has at least one rounded or pointed working edge.
18. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the doctor bar (5) is constructed integrally with a doctor element (6) formed on it.
19. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the doctor bar (5) is constructed in at least two parts with at least one bar, strip or round rod-shaped doctor element (6) positioned on the portion (doctor bar body) of the doctor bar (5) which is inserted into the recess (30) or inserted into it, which doctor element has at least approximately the same bending characteristics in all directions as the doctor bar body.
20. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 19, characterised in that the doctor element (6) comprises a needle-shaped element, such as a steel rod, with a diameter of about 1 mm or only a few millimetres.
21. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 19 or 20, characterised in that the doctor element (6) is provided in the form of a rolling doctor disposed in a longitudinal recess in the doctor bar (5) with a small cross-section in comparison to the profile cross-section of the doctor bar body.
22. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 19, characterised in that the doctor element (6) comprises a flat strip element, such as a steel plate, a plastic strip or the like, which forms a coating blade, whereby in particular the blade thickness is only a few tenths of a millimetre and that of the projecting exposed portion of the blade is only a few millimetres.
23. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 19 to 22, characterised in that the doctor element (6) is inserted into the doctor bar (5) so as to be slidably movable in the direction transverse to the working surface (19).
24. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 19, characterised in that the doctor element (6) projects out of the opening of the recess in the retaining/pressing bar (2) perpendicularly to the working surface (19), in the unloaded state, and that it comprises flexible material such that, when pressed against the working surface (19) and when the working surface (19) is moved relative to the retaining bar (2), it moves into a working position which is curved or angled with respect to the perpendicular position, seen in the cross-section of the bar, in accordance with the direction of movement (Fig. 18).
25. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 23, characterised in that the recess (30) in the retaining bar extends eccentrically in the retaining bar (2) perpendicularly or transversely to the working surface (19) (Fig. 19).
26. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 25, characterised in that the doctor bar (5) and optionally the doctor element (6) comprise plastic material.
27. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 26, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) is movably retained so as to be freely movable in directions transverse to the working surface (19), particularly vertically and/or pivotably about an axis parallel to its longitudinal axis.
28. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 27, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) is provided so as to be freely movable transverse to the working surface (19) whilst in lateral sliding engagement with a fixed crossbeam (11, 12, 13, 14) of a processing machine.
29. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 27 or 28, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) is provided with a retaining element fixedly disposed thereon, such as an arm (205) or the like, which can engage with a formation (206) in a connecting link guide (23), arranged above the doctoring device (1) of a processing machine so as to be pivotable and movable transverse to the working surface (19) so that the doctoring device (1) can freely tilt pivotably towards loose engagement with a positioning abutment (11) engaging a longitudinal side of the retaining bar (2) (Fig. 22).
30. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 27 or 28, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) is mounted on a retaining arm (221) relative to which it is freely movable transverse to the working surface (19) and to which it is undetachably fastened (Fig. 23).
31. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 27, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) is laterally fixedly connected, particularly by a screw connection, to a crossbeam of a processing machine.
32. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 31, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) is provided as a pressing bar producing a pressing force under the action of gravity.
33. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 32, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) at least partially comprises magnetisable material so that it may be acted on by a magnetic force from a magnetic beam or table (20) arranged at the side of the working surface (19) to press the doctor bar (5) in the direction towards the working surface (19).
34. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 33, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) has a high inherent stiffness over the working breadth which prevents bending, whereby it is secured at its two ends.
35. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 33, characterised in that the retaining bar (2) is provided with transverse recesses to reduce its inherent stiffness or that it is divided along its length into a plurality of profile segments which are connected together by elastic connecting elements, preferably of elastomeric material.
36. Doctoring device as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 35, characterised in that the doctoring device is a component of an apparatus for applying substances (70) with a flat or cylindrical template between the doctor element (6) and a working surface (19).
37. Doctoring device including two or more doctoring device units (110, 120, 130) constituted by doctoring devices as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 36, characterised in that the doctoring device units (110, 120, 130) are arranged next to one another over the working breadth parallel to the doctoring device longitudinal axis in order to operate together against a working surface (19).
38. Doctoring device as claimed in Claim 37, characterised in that a space or gap (26, 241) is formed between the doctoring device units (110, 120, 130) to guide and receive a substance (70), such as a printing ink, coating material or like coating agent.

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