EP0500120B1 - Elément de construction pour murs de bâtiment, en particulier pour murs extérieurs de bâtiment - Google Patents

Elément de construction pour murs de bâtiment, en particulier pour murs extérieurs de bâtiment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0500120B1
EP0500120B1 EP92102934A EP92102934A EP0500120B1 EP 0500120 B1 EP0500120 B1 EP 0500120B1 EP 92102934 A EP92102934 A EP 92102934A EP 92102934 A EP92102934 A EP 92102934A EP 0500120 B1 EP0500120 B1 EP 0500120B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structural member
glass panel
planar element
member according
building
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92102934A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0500120A3 (fr
EP0500120A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Prof. Dr. Herzog
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0500120A3 publication Critical patent/EP0500120A3/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component for building walls, in particular building outer walls.
  • Building exterior walls are generally at least partially made of glass to allow light to enter.
  • the thermal insulation properties of glass are generally not particularly good.
  • a roof structure for transparent roofs which consists of a number of beams or beams. At least for some of these supports, a sheet-like solar cell is connected to a heat exchanger. The sheet-like solar cell is connected to the lateral surfaces of the beams or supports. At least one element with an upward-pointing, reflecting side is located between two supports and can be brought into different positions with respect to the solar cell and with respect to the opening between adjacent supports or beams.
  • the glass panes can be mounted horizontally or in the form of a sawtooth roof.
  • DE-A-3 523 244 discloses a component for building walls according to the preamble of claim 1 and according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • a facade element is described with an outer wall that is permeable to heat radiation and which has insulating bodies which are arranged in a synchronously movable manner inside the facade element.
  • the insulating bodies can be erected in a position for thermal insulation to form a closed insulating wall. You can also be in one position be tilted for heat absorption in order to create open spaces for free radiation passage.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a component for building walls, in particular building outer walls, with which a good thermal insulation effect can be achieved.
  • the component comprises a glass pane and a surface element which is arranged on the inside of the component, which is not or only slightly permeable to light from outside and which forms a downwardly closed and upwardly open space with the glass pane.
  • the surface element can be pivoted about a horizontal axis, spaced from the glass pane, preferably provided at its lower end. Furthermore, the length of the surface element from the pivot axis to the opposite end is greater than the distance of the surface element from the glass pane.
  • the shape of the space between the glass pane and the surface element also prevents the known so-called "air roller".
  • air roller When the outside temperature is low, the interior air cools down on the inside of the glass pane. It flows downwards and creates the undesired so-called air roller in the interior, i.e. convection, which is subjectively perceived as an undesirable draft.
  • This convection is prevented in the beginning by the invention, since the space between the glass pane and the surface element is closed at the bottom; This space prevents the cold air which arises on the inside of the glass pane from moving downward, so that the space enclosed below between the glass pane and the surface element can also be referred to as a "cold air trap".
  • the closed space below between the glass pane and the surface element can be U-shaped in cross section.
  • other shapes are also possible, for example a V-shaped cross-section.
  • the glass pane in the sense of the invention can consist of glass in the sense of silicate glass. However, it is also possible to provide other materials and embodiments. It is crucial that the glass pane is translucent, i.e. transparent or translucent (not opaque). It must therefore be possible for light to enter from the outside of the building to the inside of the building. "Glass” in the sense of the invention is therefore also translucent plastic, acrylic glass, "plexiglass", polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE) or similar materials.
  • the glass pane in the sense of the invention can also be realized by a film (membrane) which is clamped, for example, in a (rigid) frame made of metal or wood or similar materials. It is also possible to use single or multi-layer glass and / or insulating glass.
  • the surface element is not or only slightly permeable to light from outside. "Light” in this sense is essentially visible light, ie light in the visible frequency range.
  • the surface element can be brought out of position.
  • the surface element can thus be moved or removed in such a way that it no longer or only slightly hinders the incidence of light from the outside and that it no longer forms a downwardly closed and upwardly open space with the glass pane.
  • the component according to the invention thus enables the implementation of changeable states.
  • the surface element can be brought into the starting position in which it is not or only slightly permeable to light from outside and in which it forms a space which is closed at the bottom and which is open at the top.
  • it can be placed in a further position in which this is not the case.
  • the component In the first-mentioned position, the component has a heat-insulating effect in the manner described above, while in the second-mentioned position this heat-insulating effect is absent.
  • the surface element can also be brought into the second position at night, so that the building is cooled down by radiation.
  • Energy can also be saved in this way, namely, for example, cooling power generated by air-conditioning systems that is otherwise required. This energy saving effect affects both the installation costs for the required cooling capacity and the running costs for generating this cooling capacity.
  • the surface element In winter, the surface element can be brought into the first position at night. Then the component according to the invention has a heat-insulating effect. In summer, the surface element can also be brought into the first-mentioned position during the day. The incident solar radiation is then shaded. In addition, there is thermal insulation, which prevents further heating of the interior.
  • the invention thus enables simple and effective building air conditioning and a reduction in the necessary Energy. This is achieved by the possibility of changing the state of the properties of the building envelope.
  • This change in state relates on the one hand to the possibility of metering incoming solar energy, which is important primarily in the summer half-year, i.e. in the period in which protection against undesired heating by a shading system must be given, especially in the case of lightweight structures, but also in other structures.
  • this change in state relates to the control of heat loss through the building envelope, which is particularly important in the winter half-year, i.e. at times when there is little or no global radiation, especially at night.
  • the invention enables temporary heat protection measures to be implemented, by means of which it can be prevented that heat which is present inside the building is lost due to external transmission. In both cases, the saving of operating energy can be achieved, on the one hand by reducing the otherwise necessary space cooling, on the other hand by reducing the otherwise necessary space heating.
  • the temporary thermal protection that can be achieved by the invention enables an increased thermal insulation value in the area of the glass panes (“facade openings”). Thermal protection is "temporary" because it can be removed, preferably during the day, to allow solar radiation and a line of sight from the inside to the outside.
  • the surface element can be pivoted about a horizontal axis.
  • the surface element can preferably be locked in one or more pivot positions.
  • the pivot axis for the surface element is preferably located at its lower end.
  • the pivot axis is spaced from the glass pane. It is advantageous if the distance between the glass pane and the surface element is not more than 5 cm. Then there is an internal convection inside the space between the glass pane and the surface element is not possible. At a distance of more than 5 cm there is a risk of internal convection, which can reduce or cancel the thermal insulation effect.
  • the space between the glass pane and the surface element can then no longer or only to a limited extent act as a "cold air trap"("cold air lake", "cold air sump").
  • the surface element can be brought from the above-mentioned position into the above-mentioned position in a particularly simple and effective manner.
  • the outside of the surface element is mirrored.
  • the surface element can have a preferably high-gloss metal coating on its outside.
  • the mirroring has the advantage that incident radiation is reflected. This incident radiation cannot heat up the interior of the building. The otherwise occurring "greenhouse effect” is prevented particularly well, which is particularly advantageous in summer. In winter, so-called “cold” radiation, which can cause the building to cool down at night, is also prevented.
  • the surface element is both mirrored and can be moved out of position, the following additional advantage is achieved:
  • the incident light can be reflected on the ceiling of the room.
  • the adjustability of the surface element must be designed accordingly.
  • Light on the ceiling of the building is generally "more valuable" than light in the lower area of the room, since the light on the ceiling of the room provides better room lighting.
  • the room brightness is not only dependent on the amount of incident light, but also of where that light comes in. With the same amount of light, a greater room brightness and room illumination can be achieved in the event of light falling on the ceiling of the room.
  • the advantage mentioned is particularly important in summer, since the sun is then very high, so that only a little light reaches the ceiling of the room and the brightness in the room decreases accordingly.
  • the advantage mentioned is a similar effect to that of swiveling blinds.
  • the reflection of the sunlight on the ceiling and in the entire depth of the room works not only with direct sunlight, but also with light coming from the bright sky (zenith light), e.g. with cloudy skies and on the north side of the building.
  • a further advantageous development is characterized in that the area of the surface element is smaller than the area of the glass pane.
  • the surface of the surface element is smaller than the surface of the glass plate, at least in the projection.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that the surface element covers the lower region of the glass pane, while it allows light to enter the upper region of the glass pane.
  • the surface element therefore does not extend to the upper end of the glass pane, so that the view from the inside to the outside through the glass pane or its upper part remains unrestricted.
  • a line of sight to the outside is required by trade supervisory law, in the case of living rooms a light incidence to maintain the interior lighting is desirable anyway.
  • a further advantageous development is characterized in that the glass pane is inclined outwards relative to the vertical in the downward direction.
  • the glass pane is thus inclined with respect to the vertical, the direction of inclination running from the top inside down to the outside.
  • This has the advantage that ventilation openings (see below) are easy to install.
  • Ventilation openings can preferably be opened and closed, for example by moving or pivoting a component provided for this purpose.
  • the ventilation openings can be provided in the lower region of the component. It is possible to provide the ventilation openings in the glass pane.
  • the ventilation openings can be provided in a component connecting the lower part of the glass pane with the surface element and / or the next lower glass pane. This component can consist of a horizontally running profile. It is possible for the ventilation openings to lead to the space between the glass pane and the surface element, ie to ventilate the space forming the "cold air trap". However, the ventilation openings can also be provided behind the surface element, so that they ventilate the interior lying behind the surface element.
  • the ventilation opening that creates the ventilation option and points outwards can be opened and closed, you can react to changing external conditions. If the ventilation opening were constantly open, cold air would constantly flow into the interior even in winter; this can be prevented by a closable ventilation opening. The ventilation openings create an indirect ventilation option without causing - undesirable - direct drafts is coming.
  • the ventilation openings can also be arranged such that they do not have to be closed when it rains. This is possible in particular if the glass panes are inclined so that the lower end of the glass pane is offset to the outside relative to the upper end of the next lower glass pane.
  • the ventilation opening can then be provided in the component connecting the lower end of the glass pane to the upper end of the next lower glass pane, so that the water falling as rain cannot penetrate into the ventilation opening. This makes separate rain protection measures unnecessary.
  • the ventilation opening is then not visible from the outside, so it does not affect the appearance of the facade. Even with wind pressure, no moisture can enter.
  • the surface element can consist of a lower part and an upper part.
  • the lower part can be fixed so that it acts as a permanent "cold air trap".
  • the upper part can be moved away, so that the advantages described above can nevertheless be achieved.
  • the surface element can be shorter than the glass pane, that is, it cannot extend to the upper end of the glass pane, so that a permanent incidence of light is possible.
  • the invention further relates to a building wall, in particular the outer wall of a building, which - at least partially - consists of components according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to a building wall, in particular a building outer wall, which is characterized by the features of the component according to the invention. It is therefore possible not to build the building wall from individual components according to the invention or to use individual components according to the invention in the building wall, but to build the building wall as such with the features according to the invention.
  • the component for building walls, in particular building exterior walls, and / or building roofs comprises an inclined glass pane and a Surface element which is arranged on the inside of the component and which is not or only slightly permeable to light from outside.
  • the surface element can be pivoted about a horizontally extending pivot axis, the pivot axis being located at the upper end of the surface element and being spaced from the glass pane.
  • the surface element can be brought into a first position in which it completely or almost completely covers the glass pane. It can also be brought into a second position in which it does not cover the glass pane. When the surface element is in the first position, it forms a closed and open space with the glass pane.
  • the surface element can be brought into its first position, in which it completely or at least almost completely covers the glass pane. In this position, incidence of light from outside is prevented. Furthermore, radiation from the inside of the building to the outside of the building is prevented. If the surface element is in its second position, in which it does not cover the glass pane, light can get inside the building from the outside. At the same time, radiation from the inside of the building to the outside of the building is possible.
  • the swivel axis for the surface element is at the top End of the surface element. It is spaced from the glass pane. The swivel axis is then also in the area of the glass pane.
  • the outside and / or the inside of the surface element can be mirrored, for example by a preferably high-gloss metal coating.
  • a preferably high-gloss metal coating we refer to the explanations given above.
  • the glass pane or at least part of it can be opened. This creates a ventilation option, which is particularly advantageous if the component is located in the building roof.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the glass panes of two adjacent components are inclined to one another in a roof shape.
  • the building roof can be assembled from a whole series of such pairs of glass panes.
  • Two surface elements can be arranged between the two glass panes, which are preferably pivotable about a horizontal axis in the area of the gable formed by the glass panes. This creates a particularly space-saving arrangement.
  • the surface element can be convexly curved on its inside. It can then serve as a large reflector when illuminated by a light source.
  • the invention further relates to a building wall, in particular the outer wall of a building, and / or a building roof, at least partially - consist of components according to the second inventive solution just described.
  • the invention relates to a building wall, in particular the outer wall of a building, and / or a building roof, which are characterized by the features of the second inventive solution just described. It is therefore possible not to build up the building turn or the building roof from individual components according to the invention or to use individual components according to the invention in the building wall or in the building roof; the building wall or the building roof as such can rather be constructed with the features according to the invention.
  • Each component 1 consists of a glass pane 2 and a surface element 3 which is arranged on the inside 4 of the component 1 and which is not or only slightly permeable to light 6 from the outside (outside 5).
  • the surface element 3 forms with the glass pane 2 a downwardly closed and upwardly open space 7, which in the manner described above contains a "cold air lake” and brings about thermal insulation.
  • the surface element 3 can be brought out of position, namely in that it can be pivoted about an axis 8.
  • the pivot axis 8 runs horizontally. It is located at the lower end of the surface element. It is also spaced from the glass pane 2.
  • a high-gloss metal coating on the outside 9 of the surface element 3; the outside 9 of the surface element 3 is therefore mirrored.
  • a high-gloss metal coating has the advantage that the incident radiation 6 is reflected almost completely and therefore cannot heat or cool the interior 4. Mirroring with glass is also possible, but not as effective.
  • the surface element can be brought into the first position shown in FIG. 4. In this position, the solar radiation 6 incident from the outside 5 is almost completely reflected by the outside 9 of the surface elements 3. Only a limited incidence of light for interior lighting is possible, as indicated by the arrows 10. In the position according to FIG. 4, the surface element 3 forms with the glass pane 2 a space 7 which is closed at the bottom and open at the top and which is approximately U-shaped in cross section. Cold air collects in this room. In addition to the radiation reflection, good thermal insulation is achieved. 4 that the area of the surface element 3 is smaller than the surface of the glass pane 2.
  • the surface element 3 does not extend all the way to the upper end of the glass pane; the upper end 11 of the surface element is therefore somewhat lower than the upper end 12 of the associated glass pane 2. Radiation 6 can reach the interior 4 through the opening 13 created in this way for the purpose of lighting.
  • the glass pane 2 is connected at its lower end to the surface element 3 or its pivot axis 8 by a horizontal profile 14.
  • the surface elements 3 are pivoted such that they run approximately parallel to the incident light radiation 6 '. In this position there is no space 7 providing thermal insulation between the glass pane 2 and the surface element 3. Furthermore is an unhindered Incidence of radiation 6 'possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows an intermediate position of the surface elements 3, in which the interior 4 is completely shaded (shading 15).
  • a space 7 'effecting the thermal insulation between the glass pane 2 and the surface element 3 is still available to a limited extent. Unwanted heating of the interior 4 can be avoided in summer by the pivoting position of the surface elements 3 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the surface elements 3 are preferably pivoted in such a way that the radiation 6 strikes the surface elements 3 at a right angle (shown slightly differently in FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 2 A further intermediate position of the surface elements 3 is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the incident radiation 6 is reflected upwards by the mirrored outside 9 of the surface elements 3. It reaches the underside 16 of the next top surface element 3 and is forwarded from there into the interior 4 of the room.
  • the undersides 16 of the surface elements 3 can be mirrored. But it is also possible that the undersides 16 of the surface elements 3 are not mirrored and conduct the light diffusely scattered into the interior 4. If the surface elements 3 are pivoted in the manner shown in FIG. 2, glare protection is achieved as the main effect. Furthermore, an indirect light is generated in the interior 4 by the daylight deflection via the rear sides 16 of the surface elements (interior shutters) 3.
  • the main effect that can be achieved by the position of the surface elements 3 according to FIG. 3 is that - preferably in winter - solar heat gain is made possible, especially when the sun is flat.
  • daylight is redirected to the depth of the interior 4 (see light beam 6).
  • diffuse radiation a maximum incidence of light to the inside 4 is achieved.
  • the main effect is a radiation reflection (reflection of the radiation 6) and a cold air trap (thermal insulation through room 7).
  • the heat transmission from the inside 4 to the outside 5 is reduced; this results in "temporary heat protection” which is “temporary” because the surface elements can be pivoted back into one of the positions shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 at another time.
  • 4 "cold" radiation (in winter and / or at night) and internal heat radiation 17 are also reflected.
  • the line of sight from the inside 4 to the outside 5 is restricted.
  • the incidence of daylight from the outside 5 to the inside 4 is also restricted.
  • the horizontal profiles 14 are essentially rectangular in cross section. They have grooves 18 on their top, in which the lower ends of the glass panes 2 lie, and grooves 19 on their undersides, in which the upper ends 12 of the glass panes 2 are located.
  • the grooves 18, 19 face each other. 5, a building facade which is smooth on the outside can be achieved.
  • ventilation openings (supply air openings) 20 through which air 21 can flow into the lower region of the space 7 between the surface element 3 and the glass pane 2.
  • the air openings 20 are not protected from the weather.
  • FIG. 6 shows a component 1 in which the glass pane 2 is inclined outwards relative to the vertical.
  • the inclination is such that the glass pane is inclined from the inside down to the outside. To this This creates a horizontal distance between the upper end 12 of the glass pane 2 and the lower end 22 of the next upper glass pane 2 '. This distance is bridged by the horizontal profile 14.
  • On the inner sides of the profiles 14 there are also grooves 19, which point downwards, which can be realized by a bent, angled plate 24 and which accommodate the upper ends 12 of the glass panes 2.
  • ventilation openings (supply air openings) 20 are provided, through which supply air can flow into the space 25 behind the surface element 3.
  • the arrangement could also be such that the supply air flows into the space 7 between the surface element 3 and the glass pane 2.
  • the supply air openings 20 are protected from the weather.
  • the area of the surface element 3 is smaller than the area of the glass pane 2.
  • the ventilation openings 20 can be opened and closed. They are each provided in the lower area of component 1.
  • FIG. 7 shows the horizontal profile 14 of FIG. 6 in an enlarged sectional view.
  • the glass pane 2 is shown as an insulating glass 26, 27, 28, 29.
  • the sheet element 3 consists of a sheet metal cassette 30 with interruptions 31.
  • the sheet metal cassette 30 is located on the inside of the sheet element 3. It is folded down twice.
  • a sealing strip 35 is attached or attached, which with their ends 36, 37 rest on the inner glass layer 27.
  • individual, approximately hemispherical sealing elements 35 can also be provided, which are approximately cup-shaped in the direction of the glass pane 2.
  • the sealing strips or sealing elements 35 can simultaneously serve as a stop. Corresponding sealing strips can also be present at the upper end of the surface elements 3 (not shown in the drawing).
  • an insulation plate 38 made of heat-insulating or sound-absorbing material.
  • a high-gloss reflective metal foil 9 is applied to the outside of this insulation board 38.
  • Ventilation openings 20 which can be closed by ventilation flaps 39.
  • the ventilation flaps 39 can be pivoted by an axis 40 lying on the inside of the ventilation opening 20.
  • the pivot axis 40 like the ventilation flap 39, is located on the top of the horizontal profile 14. In the closed position shown in FIG. 7, the ends of the ventilation flap 39 in paragraphs 41, 42 lie at the upper end of the ventilation opening 20.
  • On the pivot axis 40 opposite side of the ventilation opening is a closure strip 43 with a resilient extension 44, through which the ventilation flap 39 is reliably held in the closed position. With a corresponding effort, however, the closing force exerted by the resilient element 44 can be overcome and the ventilation flap 39 can be pivoted about the axis of rotation 40 into the open position.
  • the opening 20 On the outside 5, the opening 20 has roundings 45 to improve the air flow.
  • the lower end 22 of the glass pane 2 lies in the groove 18, which is formed by a sheet metal 23 struck on the outer lower end of the horizontal profile 14.
  • This stop plate 23 initially runs upwards in an arc and is used to form the groove 18 then folded twice.
  • the glass pane 2 is sealed to the sheet at points 46, 47.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment modified from FIG. 7, in which the surface element 3 consists of wood.
  • the horizontal pivot axis 8 is provided in the lower region of the surface element 3.
  • a high-gloss metal foil is located on the outside of the surface element 3.
  • the ventilation opening 20 can be closed by a slide 39 'which is displaceable in opposite, angled profiles 48 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • FIG. 9 shows an installation example of a factory facade in a vertical section, in which a human person is drawn in for size comparison. Individual components are not provided; the building outer wall is rather realized directly by the features according to the invention.
  • FIG. 10 and 11 show an embodiment of a building roof according to the second solution according to the invention, each in a vertical section.
  • the building roof shown in FIG. 10 is composed of adjoining components 51.
  • Each component 51 consists of a glass pane 52 and a surface element 53 which is arranged on the inside 54 of the component 51.
  • the surface element 53 is impermeable to light from the outside or at least only slightly permeable in the manner already described above. It can be brought into a first position (left surface element 53 in FIG. 11a, right surface element in FIG. 11b, both surface elements in FIGS. 11c and 11d), in which it completely or at least approximately completely covers the glass pane, and in a second position (FIG. 10, right surface element in FIG. 11 a, left surface element 11b), in which it does not cover the glass pane 52.
  • the glass panes 51 run inclined, the angle of inclination being approximately 45 °.
  • Two adjacent glass panes are inclined towards each other in a roof shape.
  • two surface elements 53 are arranged, each of which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis 58.
  • the pivot axes 58 are each located at the upper end of the surface element 53 and thus also in the region of the upper end of the glass pane 52. Furthermore, the pivot axes 58 are spaced apart from the glass panes 52.
  • the pivot axes 58 are located in the region of the gable 61 formed by the two glass panes 52.
  • An air duct 68 is arranged in the vicinity of the pivot axes 58 between the surface elements 53 (“pivotable wings”).
  • lighting devices 62 are provided which (see in particular FIG. 11d) shine towards the opposite glass pane 52.
  • the outside and inside of the surface elements 53 are mirrored by a high-gloss metal coating.
  • each glass pane 52 can be opened in the region of its upper end. This is done by flaps 63 which are pivotable about horizontal axes 64 provided at the upper end of the glass panes 52. In the open position (FIG. 10 on the far left), air 65 can flow through the upper region of the glass panes 52.
  • the folded glass roof system shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is extremely flexible. This flexibility is achieved by the surface elements ("pivotable wings") 53 and the flaps ("ventilation wings”) 63.
  • the flaps are in the position shown on the far left in FIG. 10 63 opened and the surface elements 53 pivoted away from the glass panes 52. This arrangement is particularly favorable on summer nights; it enables natural ventilation and cooling of the building.
  • 11a shows a surface element 53, namely the surface element 53 shown on the left, facing away from the south, in the position covering the associated glass pane 52, while the other surface element, shown on the right in the drawing, faces away from the associated ( in the drawing right) glass plate 52 is pivoted away.
  • This position is particularly advantageous on winter days.
  • the light 66 shining in from the south can reach the interior of the building in order to achieve radiation gains.
  • 11b shows the complementary position.
  • the left, south facing surface element 53 is pivoted away, while the right, south facing surface element 53 covers the associated glass pane 52. This position is particularly suitable for summer days.
  • the direct daylight 66 coming from the south (on the right in the figure) is shadowed and additionally deflected by the reflecting, outer, convexly curved surface of the right surface element 53.
  • the right-hand surface element 53 thus functions as glare protection with radiation reflection to the south.
  • both surface elements 53 are in their position covering the associated glass panes 52. This arrangement is particularly suitable for winter nights. Heat radiation 67 coming from inside the building is prevented by the surface elements 53 from leaving the inside of the building. This is temporary heat protection. Transmission losses are reduced. "Cold” radiation is reflected.
  • FIG. 11d shows how the concave inside of the surface element 53 acts as a large reflector for the lighting device 62.
  • the light coming from the lighting device 62 is directed from the concave inside of the surface element provided with a reflecting surface to the interior of the building.
  • the lighting device belonging to the right surface element 53 is located in the region of the lower left end of the left glass pane 52 or the left surface element 53.
  • a further lighting device 62 ' is provided for the left surface element 53.
  • FIG. 11 shows different possibilities for positioning a pair of surface elements (pair of wings) 53, these surface elements being able to perform different functions.
  • they can "dodge" (right surface element in Fig. 11a, left surface element in Fig. 11b) if the incidence of direct solar radiation in the heating period from the south side of a building is desired (Fig. 11a) or if glare-free zenith light in the room is to enter (inside the building) (Fig. 11b).
  • the two surface elements scatter daylight entering the interior via their convex curvature on the outside. Additional functions can be in the area of room acoustic manipulation.
  • the pivotable surface elements create "kinetic manipulators”.

Claims (19)

  1. Elément de construction pour murs de bâtiment, en particulier pour murs extérieurs de bâtiment, comportant
    une vitre (2)
    et un élément plan (3) qui est disposé du côté intérieur (4) de l'élément de construction (1), qui n'est que faiblement perméable à la lumière (6) de l'extérieur (5) ou pas du tout et qui forme avec la vitre (2) un espace (7), fermé vers en bas et ouvert vers en haut,
    l'élément plan (3) pouvant être pivoté autour d'un axe (9) s'étendant horizontalement,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'axe de pivotement (9) est espacé de la vitre (2), la longueur de l'élément plan (3) étant supérieure entre l'axe de pivotement (9) et l'extrémité opposée à la distance de l'élément plan (3) par rapport à la vitre (2).
  2. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la face extérieure (9) de l'élément plan (3) porte une couche réfléchissante.
  3. Elément de construction selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément plan (3) présente sur sa face extérieure (9) de préférence une couche de métal poli fin.
  4. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la superficie de l'élément plan (3) est inférieure à la superficie de la vitre (2).
  5. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la vitre (2) est positionnée de manière oblique par rapport à la verticale en direction vers le bas et vers l'extérieur.
  6. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une ou plusieurs ouvertures d'aération (20).
  7. Elément de construction selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures d'aération (20) peuvent être ouvertes et fermées.
  8. Elément de construction selon les revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures d'aération (20) sont prévues dans la partie inférieure de l'élément de construction (1).
  9. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures d'aération (20) sont prévues dans le plan de la vitre (2).
  10. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures d'aération (20) sont prévues dans un élément de construction (14) raccordant la partie inférieure de la vitre (2) avec l'élément plan (3) et/ou la vitre suivant vers le bas (2').
  11. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément plan consiste en une partie inférieure et une partie supérieure.
  12. Mur de bâtiment, en particulier mur extérieur de bâtiment, consistant en un élément de construction (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  13. Elément de construction pour murs de bâtiment, en particulier murs extérieurs de bâtiment, et/ou toitures de bâtiment inclinées, comportant
    une vitre (52)
    et un élément plan (53) qui est disposé du côté intérieur (54) de l'élément de construction (51), qui n'est que faiblement perméable à la lumière (56) de l'extérieur (55) ou pas du tout, qui peut être pivoté autour d'un axe de pivotement (58) s'étendant en direction horizontale, qui est fixé à l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément plan (53), et qui peut être pivoté dans une première position dans laquelle il recouvre intégralement ou presque intégralement la vitre (52), et en une deuxième position dans laquelle il ne recouvre pas la vitre (52),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la vitre (52) est inclinée,
    que l'axe de pivotement (58) est espacé de la vitre (52) et que l'élément plan (53) forme dans la première position un espace fermé vers en bas et ouvert vers en haut avec la vitre de verre (52).
  14. Elément de construction selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la face extérieure et/ou la face intérieure de l'élément plan (53) porte(nt) une couche réfléchissante, par exemple une couche métallique de préférence finement polie.
  15. Elément de construction selon les revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que la vitre (52) ou une partie de celle-ci peut être ouverte.
  16. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce que les vitres (52) de deux éléments de construction voisins sont réciproquement inclinées à la manière d'un toit.
  17. Elément de construction selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce qu'entre les deux vitres (52) sont disposés deux éléments plans (53) qui peuvent être pivotés autour d'un axe horizontal (58) disposé dans la zone du faîte (61) formé par les deux vitres (52).
  18. Elément de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 17, caractérisé en ce que l'élément plan (53) est courbé de manière concave sur sa face intérieure.
  19. Mur de bâtiment, notamment mur extérieur de bâtiment et/ou toit de bâtiment, consistant en éléments de construction (51) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 18.
EP92102934A 1991-02-21 1992-02-21 Elément de construction pour murs de bâtiment, en particulier pour murs extérieurs de bâtiment Expired - Lifetime EP0500120B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4105488 1991-02-21
DE4105488 1991-02-21
DE4203412 1992-02-06
DE4203412A DE4203412A1 (de) 1991-02-21 1992-02-06 Bauteile fuer gebaeudewaende, insbesondere gebaeude-aussenwaende

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0500120A2 EP0500120A2 (fr) 1992-08-26
EP0500120A3 EP0500120A3 (fr) 1992-09-23
EP0500120B1 true EP0500120B1 (fr) 1995-07-05

Family

ID=25901251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92102934A Expired - Lifetime EP0500120B1 (fr) 1991-02-21 1992-02-21 Elément de construction pour murs de bâtiment, en particulier pour murs extérieurs de bâtiment

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0500120B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE124747T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4203412A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0500120T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4444104C1 (de) * 1994-12-10 1996-07-25 Gerd Hugo Wärmeschutz mit passiver Solarenergienutzung
DE19547381C2 (de) * 1994-12-30 2000-02-24 Wilhelm Chr Koch Gebäudewand
DE19514818A1 (de) * 1995-04-21 1996-10-24 Heider Stahl Und Hallenbau Gmb Konstruktionsbauelement für die Verglasung von Bauten
DE29902792U1 (de) * 1999-02-17 1999-05-27 Herzog Thomas Prof Dr Vorrichtung für Gebäudefassaden zur Steuerung des Lichteinfalls
CH700882A2 (de) 2009-04-24 2010-10-29 Pius Rothenfluh Innenraumisolationssystem.
DE102009042846A1 (de) * 2009-09-24 2011-03-31 Juri Köppen Vorrichtung zur Anordnung einer Abdeckung für verglaste Flächen
AT509663B1 (de) * 2010-03-15 2011-10-15 Rudolf Dipl Ing Schwarzmayr Fassade und verfahren zum steuern der wärmetechnischen eigenschaften der fassade
CN116044064B (zh) * 2022-12-27 2023-12-22 江苏金贸建设集团有限公司 外循环对流双层通风玻璃环保幕墙

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO156505C (no) * 1985-01-31 1987-09-30 Johannes Gunnarshaug Varmesystem for bygninger, med en plateformet solfanger.
DE3523244A1 (de) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-08 Udo Heinrich Fassadenelement
DE8605832U1 (de) * 1986-03-04 1986-06-26 Zenker-Plastic GmbH & Co KG, 3470 Höxter Demontierbarer Wintergarten
GB2192207B (en) * 1986-07-04 1990-11-14 Pilkington Brothers Plc An opaque cladding panel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE124747T1 (de) 1995-07-15
DE4203412A1 (de) 1992-08-27
EP0500120A3 (fr) 1992-09-23
EP0500120A2 (fr) 1992-08-26
DK0500120T3 (da) 1995-11-27
DE59202765D1 (de) 1995-08-10

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