EP0492240A1 - Dispositif pour améliorer l'atténuabilité des sons émis par le courant des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif pour améliorer l'atténuabilité des sons émis par le courant des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0492240A1
EP0492240A1 EP91121051A EP91121051A EP0492240A1 EP 0492240 A1 EP0492240 A1 EP 0492240A1 EP 91121051 A EP91121051 A EP 91121051A EP 91121051 A EP91121051 A EP 91121051A EP 0492240 A1 EP0492240 A1 EP 0492240A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
flow
exhaust gas
pulses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91121051A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0492240B1 (fr
Inventor
Siegfried Ing. Wörner (grad.)
Peter Dr. Ing. Zacke
Friedrich Dipl.-Ing. Schlenker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0492240A1 publication Critical patent/EP0492240A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/14—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by adding air to exhaust gases

Definitions

  • Piston internal combustion engines generate a pulsating exhaust gas flow, the sound pressure peaks of which have a frequency corresponding to the ignition frequency of the internal combustion engine.
  • Sound frequencies which, for example in the case of a four-cylinder engine, are in the range from 50 to 200 Hz and which are only attenuated to a limited extent with the customary silencers - if one uses a silencer size that is acceptable from the available installation space can.
  • the invention is concerned with the problem of achieving an improvement in the area of low sound frequencies of the exhaust gas stream leaving the internal combustion engine in such a way that the subsequent sound attenuation can take place more effectively than before even without unduly large silencers.
  • the invention relates to a method for improving the silenceability of the pulsating exhaust gas flow of a piston internal combustion engine, characterized in that flow pulses of a gas are supplied to the exhaust gas flow between the sound pressure peaks.
  • the invention further relates to a device for improving the silenceability of the pulsating exhaust gas flow of a piston internal combustion engine, characterized in that a device is connected to the exhaust gas line of the internal combustion engine, which supplies flow pulses of a gas to the exhaust gas flow between the sound pressure peaks.
  • the invention realizes the principle of placing flow impulses of an externally supplied gas, preferably air, between the sound pressure peaks of the exhaust gas flow generated by the internal combustion engine. This results in an exhaust gas flow downstream of the feed point of the flow impulses, which pulsates at a higher frequency than the exhaust gas flow leaving the internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust gas flow resulting after the flow pulse supply or the periodic admixing of gas can therefore be effectively damped in the range of low speeds of the internal combustion engine with mufflers of common or even reduced size.
  • the muffler problems tackled according to the invention are naturally particularly pronounced in large-volume internal combustion engines with a relatively small number of cylinders, especially when they run under high load.
  • the essence of the invention is an artificial increase in the pulsation frequency of the exhaust gas flow, preferably a doubling of the pulsation frequency.
  • a particularly simple, preferred possibility is to provide a compressed gas storage unit, which of course needs to be continuously topped up, and to assign a valve, preferably a solenoid valve, which can be opened and closed with the required flow pulse supply frequency. Suitable servo valves are available on the market.
  • a valve preferably a solenoid valve
  • Suitable servo valves are available on the market.
  • the required matching of the flow impulses to be supplied according to frequency and phase position to the sound pressure peaks of the exhaust gas stream is particularly simple.
  • a corresponding, preferably electrical or electronic control can be done with average expertise to be created.
  • the control system can obtain the necessary information, for example, from the ignition system (Otto engine) or the injection pump (diesel engine) of the internal combustion engine.
  • trucks and buses in particular usually have a compressed gas storage or compressed air storage anyway, e.g. for brake actuation; this memory can be used with the appropriate modification for realizing the invention.
  • Another possibility is to provide a mechanical gas flow chopper for the gas to be supplied, which is coupled to the speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • the compressed gas for feeding the chopper can come from a compressed gas storage or from a compressor.
  • the chopper can be driven by the internal combustion engine or directly by the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine by means of a toothed belt, a chain, a gear transmission or the like. By coupling with the speed of the internal combustion engine, the frequency of the gas flow pulse supply is correct at all speeds of the internal combustion engine.
  • the chopper must be designed so that the phase position of the gas flow pulses to be supplied is correct.
  • Suitable choppers are known.
  • a basically suitable chopper of the latter type is described in DE-AS 1 447 993.
  • the mentioned choppers have in common that at certain relative positions between a rotatable part, which has at least one gas flow opening, and a stationary part, a gas flow pulse is released, while no gas flow pulse is released in between times.
  • the amplitude of the sound pressure peaks of the exhaust gas stream leaving the internal combustion engine varies with the current load state of the engine.
  • the amplitude of the supplied gas flow pulses is essentially constant and is somewhere, preferably in the middle range, of the amplitude of the sound pressure peaks.
  • the improvement effect according to the invention is most perfect in the medium load state of the engine, but is still pronounced even in the case of higher load states.
  • a load-dependent throttle or a load-dependent throttle valve is best suited for this.
  • the information required to control the throttle or the throttle valve can be derived in particular from the ignition electronics (Otto engine) or the injection pump control (diesel engine) of the engine, where the information about the current load state of the engine is present anyway.
  • the filling behavior of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine can also be influenced in a favorable sense by means of the invention. Because the opening times of the intake valve and exhaust valve of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine overlap, the filling behavior of the cylinders depends on the instantaneous exhaust gas back pressure in the exhaust pipe of the engine, this instantaneous exhaust gas back pressure being able to be influenced by the gas flow pulse feed according to the invention.
  • Air is particularly preferred as the gas to be supplied in the form of flow pulses.
  • FIG. 1 shows a four-cylinder engine 2 with the front area of its exhaust pipe 4. It is an Otto engine, the ignition of which is controlled by control electronics 6. Alternatively, it could be a diesel engine, in which case reference number 6 would represent the control component of the injection pump.
  • a silencer 8 is also shown, which sits a bit behind the engine 2 in the exhaust pipe 4. At least one further silencer is normally located further back in the exhaust pipe 4 and not shown.
  • a compressed air tank or pressure vessel 10 is continuously kept at a pressure of approximately 2 to 6 bar by an intermittently running compressor 12.
  • a line 14 leads from the pressure vessel 10 to an opening 16 into the exhaust gas line 4, the opening 16 being arranged between the engine 2 and the muffler 8.
  • a solenoid valve 18 and an electrically adjustable throttle 20 are seated one behind the other in line 14. Solenoid valve 18 and throttle 20 can also be combined to form an electrically operable throttle valve.
  • the solenoid valve 18 and the throttle 20 are electrically connected to the control electronics 6.
  • the sound pressure pulses 22 with sound pressure peaks 24 are drawn in with solid lines, as occur in the exhaust gas line 4 close behind the engine 2.
  • Each sound pressure pulse 22 is assigned to an extension stroke of a cylinder of the engine 2.
  • the time width and the mutual spacing of the sound pressure pulses 22 vary with the speed of the engine 2.
  • the amplitude 26 of the sound pressure peaks 24 varies with the load state (e.g. idling, half throttle, full throttle) of the engine 2.
  • the solenoid valve 18 is controlled such that a flow pulse 28 of compressed air from the pressure vessel 10 arrives at the mouth 16 between two sound pressure pulses 24.
  • Each flow pulse 28 supplied in this way has a time width such that it fits between two sound pressure pulses 22.
  • the time course of the flow pulses 28 does not exactly match the time course of the sound pressure pulses 22.
  • the solenoid valve 18 can be designed in such a way that a time course of the flow pulses 28 corresponding to the sound pressure pulses 22 results approximately.
  • the diagram in FIG. 2 shows the impulses at the junction 16.
  • a flow pulse of compressed air supplied from the outside is thus placed between two sound pressure pulses 22 originating from the motor 2.
  • the sound attenuation is considerably more perfect.
  • the annoying, low-frequency hum that is otherwise practically not easily dampened is significantly reduced.
  • the flow pulses 28 are shown with an amplitude 26 which corresponds to the amplitude of the sound pressure pulses 22.
  • the throttle 20 is provided. The throttle 20 is opened more strongly in the case of higher load states of the engine 2 and is closed more strongly in the case of lower load states of the engine 2.
  • a compressed air line 32 opens directly in front of the perforated disk 30.
  • the perforated disk 30 has a row of triangular through openings 34 distributed and spaced around the circumference.
  • a flow pulse line 36 begins just behind the perforated disk 30 and opens at the junction 16 into the exhaust gas line 4 of an internal combustion engine 2 (not shown in FIG. 3).
  • a compressed air flow pulse is supplied to the exhaust line 4.
  • the geometrical design of the passage openings 34 can influence the temporal pulse shape of the flow pulses 28.
  • a variable throttle can be provided in the compressed air line 32 or in the flow pulse line 36.
  • the drive of the perforated disk 30 is derived from the motor 2, so that there is a coupling with regard to frequency and phase position between the flow pulses 28 and the sound pressure pulses 22.
  • pulsator 38 which is one of several possible types of compressed air flow chopper.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
EP91121051A 1990-12-28 1991-12-09 Dispositif pour améliorer l'atténuabilité des sons émis par le courant des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0492240B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4042124 1990-12-28
DE4042124A DE4042124A1 (de) 1990-12-28 1990-12-28 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbessern der schalldaempfbarkeit eines verbrennungsmotor-abgasstroms

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0492240A1 true EP0492240A1 (fr) 1992-07-01
EP0492240B1 EP0492240B1 (fr) 1997-01-08

Family

ID=6421628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91121051A Expired - Lifetime EP0492240B1 (fr) 1990-12-28 1991-12-09 Dispositif pour améliorer l'atténuabilité des sons émis par le courant des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0492240B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4042124A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011089283A1 (de) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Aktoranordnung für aktive Abgasanlagen und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE654685C (de) * 1937-12-27 Willy Bestaendig Schalldaempfer fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
DE1043715B (de) * 1952-09-27 1958-11-13 Wilhelm Kubetzko Auspuffschalldaempfer fuer Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere Fahrzeugmotoren
EP0041831A1 (fr) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-16 Pulse Air Research Limited Dispositif d'admission de l'air dans le collecteur d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE654685C (de) * 1937-12-27 Willy Bestaendig Schalldaempfer fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
DE1043715B (de) * 1952-09-27 1958-11-13 Wilhelm Kubetzko Auspuffschalldaempfer fuer Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere Fahrzeugmotoren
EP0041831A1 (fr) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-16 Pulse Air Research Limited Dispositif d'admission de l'air dans le collecteur d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 195 (M-323)7 September 1984 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011089283A1 (de) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Aktoranordnung für aktive Abgasanlagen und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4042124A1 (de) 1992-07-02
EP0492240B1 (fr) 1997-01-08
DE59108470D1 (de) 1997-02-20

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