EP0490343B1 - Brennvorrichtung für Holz und Kohle - Google Patents

Brennvorrichtung für Holz und Kohle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0490343B1
EP0490343B1 EP91121175A EP91121175A EP0490343B1 EP 0490343 B1 EP0490343 B1 EP 0490343B1 EP 91121175 A EP91121175 A EP 91121175A EP 91121175 A EP91121175 A EP 91121175A EP 0490343 B1 EP0490343 B1 EP 0490343B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
nozzle body
installation according
opening
burning installation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91121175A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0490343A3 (en
EP0490343A2 (de
Inventor
Heribert Posch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0490343A2 publication Critical patent/EP0490343A2/de
Publication of EP0490343A3 publication Critical patent/EP0490343A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0490343B1 publication Critical patent/EP0490343B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burning device for burning wood or coal according to the first part of patent claim 1.
  • the pre-combustion chamber and the afterburning chamber lie one behind the other and inside the furnace, as seen in the depth direction of the furnace, and a grate is provided in the embodiment for burning coal at the bottom of the pre-combustion chamber for burning wood is replaced by a chamotte plate.
  • the partition extends from the top wall, extends across the width of the furnace, at the rear end of the pre-combustion chamber, and leaves the passage opening between its free lower end, which is arranged at a distance from the grating, and a projecting section of the rear wall consist. At least in different heights are in the front wall four fresh air inlet openings each provided with an adjustment slide.
  • the fuel burns or gasifies in the pre-combustion chamber with the participation of the fresh air; the resulting exhaust gases, fuel gases and the rest of the fresh air are mixed in the area of the passage opening with further fresh air, which is passed beneath the pre-combustion chamber through the ash chamber located there and heated in the process.
  • the gas mixture thus formed burns in the afterburning chamber.
  • FR-A-2 558 241 shows a combustion device in which the fresh air already enters the device, and only then is the fresh air supplied via separate channels to the pre-combustion chamber on the one hand and to the afterburning chamber on the other, namely via the nozzle arrangement between the pre-combustion chamber and the afterburning chamber becomes.
  • the fresh air inlet opening is at the level of the nozzle arrangement, i.e. at the transition between the pre-combustion chamber and the after-combustion chamber, so that the incoming fresh air can get into the nozzle arrangement and thus into the after-combustion chamber over a very short distance, and is accordingly preheated little.
  • the supply of the primary air into the pre-combustion chamber is only supplied to the lowest region of the pre-combustion chamber, and this supply takes place from the space into which the fresh air initially flows, via openings which are located in the ceiling of this space. Because of the thermal stratification present there, the still most heated fresh air of the space is led into the pre-combustion chamber, so that the less heated, colder air flows into the nozzle arrangement as secondary air.
  • the nozzle body can be equipped with an inner circulation web, which is used to connect the nozzle body to the plate.
  • the respective contours should correspond to one another.
  • the passage opening is also used to promote the combustion efficiency and also the exhaust gas behavior of the device to make the partition and the inner cross section of the nozzle body rectangular.
  • two opposing circulation plates can be connected to the partition in the direction of the afterburning chamber, leaving an air gap. At their free end, these plates tear edge regions of the mixed gas flow outward and lead around the circulation plates and through the air gap again. A spreading apart of the circulation plates has a particularly advantageous effect.
  • the half apex angle or the half spread angle smaller than 45 degrees and larger than 15 degrees, and in particular in the size range from 20 degrees to 35 degrees, as tests have shown .
  • the nozzle body, the plate and the circulation plates should be made of high-heat-resistant steel sheet.
  • the burning process in its entirety proceeds as follows.
  • the fuel is burned or gasified in the pre-combustion chamber under the influence of the primary air.
  • the fuel gases and exhaust gases occurring in the pre-combustion chamber pass through the nozzle body and are mixed with the secondary air as they pass through.
  • a direct combustion into the afterburning chamber takes place immediately after the admixture.
  • the door can have a chamber, that is to say a door which can also be referred to as a "backpack door", the primary and secondary air each exiting from the upper and lower chamber parts through an opening.
  • the door can also be a double-wall door, the space between the two walls being connected on the one hand to the pre-combustion chamber and on the other hand to the annular space.
  • the operability of the combustion device according to the invention is fundamentally as simple as possible.
  • the fresh air inlet opening does not have to be arranged in the one for the fuel filling opening; rather, it can also be arranged in any other way.
  • a customary heating flap can be provided for the optimization of the burning behavior during the heating phase, which is only opened during the heating. Since this flap remains closed, the fresh air inlet opening, which may be integrated with the fuel filler opening, and the flue gas outlet are in fact the only actual openings of the combustion device.
  • the fresh air inlet opening is arranged in the lower or middle third of the height of the pre-combustion chamber, preferably in the region of the lower 30% to 50% of the height thereof .
  • Such a design has proven to be optimal in burning tests.
  • the design of the control element as a flap is sufficient, which can be pivoted between two end positions and can only be locked in these.
  • the air inlet opening is completely closed in one end position, while the other position is the operating position, which does not have to be changed and ensures optimum combustion conditions.
  • the operator is relieved of the need to readjust the combustion conditions several times, for example after observing the combustion conditions, in order to find the correct relationship between the quantities of primary air and the secondary air.
  • the drawing shows a vertical longitudinal section along the depth direction of the burner.
  • the burner Seen in the circumferential direction, the burner consists of a front wall 1, two side walls 2, 3 and a rear wall 4 and a bottom wall 5 and a top wall 6.
  • a relatively large opening 7 which represents the fuel fill opening.
  • a partition 8 is provided in the interior of the device, in which a passage opening 9 is formed centrally and which in the illustrated case is identical to or formed by the ceiling wall.
  • the through opening in the elevation is rectangular, and in the embodiment shown the long rectangular side extends in the width direction of the device, that is, between the two side walls 2 and 3 thereof, while the rectangular Narrow side runs parallel to the drawing plane.
  • a nozzle body 10 which is surrounded by an annular space 11, is inserted at the passage opening 9.
  • This annular space 11 continues because of the fresh air inlet opening located in the region of the front wall 1 in the form of an air shaft 12 through the dividing wall 8 below the latter in the region of the front wall 1.
  • the air shaft 12 is used to supply secondary air to the annular space 11 and thus to the nozzle body 10.
  • the nozzle body 10 has at its tapered end a circumferential web 13.
  • the tapered end of the nozzle body 10 is opposite a plate 14, on the other side of the front wall 1 and the rear wall 4 facing circulation plates 15 and 16 are provided with a circumferential web, which of the plate 14th are spread apart from one another.
  • the plates 15 and 16 and the nozzle body 10 are each left on the plate 14 an air gap 17 or 18 attached, for example by spot welding.
  • the space located below the partition 8 represents the pre-combustion chamber 19, while the space located above the partition represents the afterburning chamber 20.
  • the afterburning chamber 20 ends at the top in a flue gas vent 21, which for example can initially also lead into a heating flue.
  • the fuel filler opening 7 also represents the front wall 1 with respect to the fresh air inlet opening which, in the area of an associated door 22, has an inlet opening 23 which is only relatively small in cross section.
  • This opening 23 is assigned a flap 24 for adjusting the effective cross section of the opening 23.
  • the fresh air inlet opening 23 is arranged in approximately 30% to 50% of the height of the pre-combustion chamber 19.
  • the flap 24 is pivotable between a closed position and an open position, the actual operating position and can only be locked in this. Intermediate positions of the flap 24 are therefore not provided.
  • the door 22 is designed as a double-wall door, that is to say as a door with an additional rear wall 25 with through-openings 26 for primary air for the pre-combustion chamber 19.
  • the rear wall 25 is connected to the front wall 27 of the door 22 via bolts 28. In the space between the front wall 27 and the rear wall 25 of the door 22, the air duct 12 opens, which leads to the annular space 11.
  • the secondary air entering through the upper part of the opening 23 first enters the air shaft 12 and from there into the annular space 11.
  • the latter is well supplied with heat by burning fuel in the pre-combustion chamber 19, which passes through the partition 8.
  • a chamotte lining 29 is in the area of the partition 8 provided that practically represents a long-term heat storage and otherwise forms the partition 8 in the true sense.
  • the secondary air entering the annular space 11 is heated very strongly there, for example to a temperature of more than 500 ° C.
  • the secondary air which is heated to a very high degree, passes from the annular space 11 via the air gap 18 into the interior of the nozzle body 10.
  • the secondary air guided in this way is already mixed in the area of the nozzle body 10 with the exhaust gases and combustion gases of the pre-combustion chamber 19, and without a noticeable drop in temperature, in any case not below the ignition temperature of the combustion gases.
  • the very strongly heated secondary air is therefore available for burning off the fuel gases, so that the afterburning can take place very effectively.
  • the pre-burning of the fuel in the pre-combustion chamber 19 takes place with the participation of the primary air entering through the upper part of the fresh air inlet opening 23. This pre-burning largely also represents gasification of the fuel, the fuel gases being produced which are burned off in the afterburning chamber 20.
  • all walls of the burner can be provided with a chamotte lining 30 in a conventional and customary manner.
  • the plate 14 and the plates 15 and 16 are unlined parts, for the manufacture of which particularly high-temperature steel sheet is to be used.
  • a wall body 31 with fireclay lining 32 which at its free end merges into the flue gas outlet 21 and is otherwise attached to the ceiling wall 6 in the illustrated embodiment via angle profiles 33.
  • This attachment can easily be one that allows the exchange of the wall body 31 and its internal internals.
  • the burning device can be both an insert oven around which a stove setter builds up the tile part of a tile stove while leaving the necessary air guidance spaces, and also a basic stove, regardless of whether it is prefabricated wholly or partly by the factory or built from individual parts on site by a stove setter , as well as a boiler, in or around which the necessary water or air ducts with associated heat exchanger devices would then have to be installed, but which do not affect the inventive concept of the actual burning part and in turn are not affected by this.
  • the burner can also be a fireplace or a kitchen stove.
  • the combustion device shown can also be operated "upside down", contrary to the illustration given. H. with a pre-combustion chamber arranged above the afterburning chamber. Depending on the size of the nozzle body, a grating can then be provided in its inlet area or above it, in order to prevent wood or coal from falling into the narrowest area of the nozzle body.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
EP91121175A 1990-12-10 1991-12-10 Brennvorrichtung für Holz und Kohle Expired - Lifetime EP0490343B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4039387 1990-12-10
DE4039387A DE4039387A1 (de) 1990-12-10 1990-12-10 Brennvorrichtung fuer holz und kohle

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0490343A2 EP0490343A2 (de) 1992-06-17
EP0490343A3 EP0490343A3 (en) 1992-11-19
EP0490343B1 true EP0490343B1 (de) 1996-09-18

Family

ID=6419992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91121175A Expired - Lifetime EP0490343B1 (de) 1990-12-10 1991-12-10 Brennvorrichtung für Holz und Kohle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0490343B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE143119T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE4039387A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0641969T3 (da) * 1993-09-07 1996-07-22 Heribert Posch Forbrændingsindretning til træ, kul og biomasse
DE19711722C2 (de) 1997-03-20 2002-09-26 Heribert Posch Brennvorrichtung mit zwei Zuluftarten
BE1023167B1 (fr) * 2014-02-13 2016-12-08 Stuv Sa Foyer a combustible solide

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2935494A1 (de) * 1979-09-03 1981-03-19 Saxlund, geb. Eriksen, Astrid Alice, 3040 Soltau Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer kesselanlage mit stokerfeuerung
FR2558241B1 (fr) * 1984-01-18 1989-03-31 Tabel Rene Chaudiere a bois comportant une chambre de prechauffage du comburant
DE3833090C1 (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-26 Heribert 8151 Wall De Posch Burning apparatus for wood and coal
DE4034672C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1990-10-31 1991-11-21 Heribert 8151 Wall De Posch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0490343A3 (en) 1992-11-19
EP0490343A2 (de) 1992-06-17
ATE143119T1 (de) 1996-10-15
DE59108206D1 (de) 1996-10-24
DE4039387A1 (de) 1992-06-11
DE4039387C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-02-11

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