EP0489866B1 - Slip ring or commutator motor - Google Patents

Slip ring or commutator motor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0489866B1
EP0489866B1 EP90914530A EP90914530A EP0489866B1 EP 0489866 B1 EP0489866 B1 EP 0489866B1 EP 90914530 A EP90914530 A EP 90914530A EP 90914530 A EP90914530 A EP 90914530A EP 0489866 B1 EP0489866 B1 EP 0489866B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brush
slip ring
commutator
following feature
motor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90914530A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0489866A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Schmidt
Kurt Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE8910428U external-priority patent/DE8910428U1/en
Priority claimed from DE9011574U external-priority patent/DE9011574U1/en
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority claimed from PCT/EP1990/001409 external-priority patent/WO1991003857A1/en
Publication of EP0489866A1 publication Critical patent/EP0489866A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0489866B1 publication Critical patent/EP0489866B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/40—Brush holders enabling brush movement within holder during current collection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/381—Brush holders characterised by the application of pressure to brush

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a slip ring or commutator motor according to the preamble of claim 1; such a motor is known from DE-PS 548 073.
  • the carbon brush is to be stored in a brush guide box and an approach is attached to opposite sides of the brush guide box, the outwardly facing surfaces of which belong to a common circular cylindrical surface, and also on a holding arm receiving the brush box, corresponding contact surfaces also belonging to a common cylinder surface must be provided in such a way that the brush can adjust in a corresponding direction if the grinding surface of the commutator or the slip ring is not round, the aforementioned cylinder surfaces rolling against one another.
  • a double brush holder is known from CH-A-334 086, in which both brushes are each guided in a brush box and the two brush boxes are connected by a traverse.
  • An axis extends from the traverse, onto which a brush pressure spring with an eyelet is attached at one end; the other end is resiliently wound on a cylinder with a cylinder axis, which, with free ends protruding from both end faces of the cylinder, rest on rollers on the head ends of the brushes facing away from the commutator.
  • the entire assembly with the brush box, traverse and brush pressure spring suspension is held on the motor side in that a brush support arm engages an outer wall of a brush box.
  • a brush holder that is much simpler in terms of production and assembly technology compared to the motor mentioned at the outset and still fully ensures compensation for concentricity deviations is possible according to the invention in a motor of the type mentioned at the outset by the teaching of claims 1 or 2 or 13 or 14;
  • the brush pressure spring serves both the pivotable, directly guided storage of the brush with guaranteed readjustment of the brush with progressive wear and with the commutator essentially remaining in the axial direction in proximity to its surface, as well as the brush pressure.
  • the axis is formed by a pin, in particular a wire pin, which is held in a brush housing that at least partially encompasses the brush near the surface of the commutator or slip ring, wherein in Further manufacturing and assembly simplification, the pin is an integral part of a brush pressure spring.
  • the parts and assembly work can be further simplified in an advantageous manner in that the brush pressure spring with a pin arranged at one end for pivoting mounting of the brush is also used for the other guided holding of the brush even without a separate box brush holder and if necessary, the other end of the brush spring for holding the entire brush arrangement is rotatably or pivotally mounted or fixed directly on a brush holder; a special construction of a brush with a pivotable axis in order to compensate for commutator out-of-roundness can be dispensed with in a construction according to claim 15.
  • the brush pressure spring additionally has an axial securing part, which rests at least on the axial end face facing away from its stator-side holding part, in particular in proximity to the surface of the slip ring or commutator, in the sense of an axial securing of the position;
  • the brush is expediently in direct contact with a stator part, the friction during the swiveling movement being able to be kept low by advantageously providing axially projecting start-up cams on the stator part, which act as the sole contact surface to the opposite axial end face serve the brush.
  • a first brush holder according to the invention with a brush 6 which grinds on the surface of a commutator 1, is enclosed on three sides by a brush box 2 and is pressed against the commutator 1 by a brush pressure spring 3.
  • the brush 6 is in radial proximity to Surface of the commutator motor 1 is pivotally mounted about an axis extending in the axial direction, which is formed by a guide pin 31 which is inserted into a guide slot 61 which runs in the pressing direction of the brush 3 and is open towards the surface of the commutator 1 and is supported on both sides in side walls of the brush box 2 .
  • the guide pin 31 is a one-piece component of a brush pressure spring 3, which with its other pressure end 32 rests point-wise on the surface of the brush 6 and presses it against the commutator 1.
  • the pin 31 can, according to two advantageous embodiments of the invention according to FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, either be inserted or pressed into a radially open insertion slot 21 or into a radially open clamping insertion slot 22 in the brush box 2.
  • a spring tab 261 is formed in the eye 26 by punching it out, which serves to clamp the pressed-in guide pin 31.
  • the pressure end 32 of the pressure spring 3 to the guide slot 21 is expedient by a small amount in the single direction of rotation assumed here and identified by a directional arrow off-center.
  • FIGS. 6-8 show a further embodiment of the brush holder according to the invention for a motor with the direction of rotation assumed for both left-hand and right-hand rotation according to the direction of arrow entered on the end face of the commutator 1; Accordingly, both the axially continuous guide pin 41 for the formation of the pivot axis receiving slot 71 of the brush 7 and the pressing end 42 are arranged centrally to the pivot point of the commutator 1 in order to achieve a balanced spring pressure force of the multi-turn brush pressure spring 4.
  • the brush pressure spring 4 rests on the brush 7 with a pressure end 42 running in the axial direction of the commutator 1, preferably countersunk in a corresponding axial longitudinal groove 72 of the brush 7.
  • FIGS. 9, 10 show a similar design of a brush holder according to the invention as shown in FIGS. 6-8, but the multiple coiled brush pressure spring 4 in its free pressure end 43 is used as a holding bracket in the sense of a guide aid parallel to the surface of the commutator and fixing in the axial direction for those around the guide pin 41 pivoted brush 7 formed.
  • FIGS. 11, 12 show a brush holder according to the invention similar to that of FIGS. 1-3, but there is no separate brush box and the brush pressure spring 3 is designed directly for the guided and pivotable holder of the brush 6; is to in particular the guide pin 31 of the brush pressure spring 3 is extended and stored in a stator part 8, preferably a plastic end shield or a brush holder.
  • a stator part 8 preferably a plastic end shield or a brush holder.
  • 19.20 show, based on the brush holder according to FIG. 11.12, a pivotable receptacle of the stator-side end of the guide pin 31 of the brush pressure spring 3; for this purpose the end is latched into an axial insertion opening 93 in the stator part 9.
  • the latched swivel hook 39 bears axially against a shoulder 96 of the stator part 9;
  • the swivel hook is inserted into an angular opening 97 of the stator part 9, the angular flanks of which serve as a stop for the swivel hook 39.
  • FIGS. 21-23 show in three different views a brush holder according to the invention with a grinding on the surface of a commutator 1, pressed in a stator part 9 via a brush pressure spring 3a and pivotable to compensate for concentricity deviations of the commutator 1 suspended, but unslotted and therefore not requiring a special construction brush 6;
  • the brush pressure spring 3a which is bent in one piece from a wire, has two holding parts 31a, 32a fixed in the stator part 9, a subsequent tangential bearing part 33a, 34a, which bears against each tangential end face of the brush 6, for the pivotable mounting of the brush 6, an axial securing part 35a or 36a and an end-side pressure part 37a resting on the radial head side of the brush 6 facing away from the commutator surface on;
  • the brush 6 can run against the stop cam 91 of the stator part
  • the brush pressure spring 3a is bent from a continuous one-piece wire in such a way that its free end forms the holding parts 31a, 32a and its central bending end rests on the radial head side of the brush 6 as a pressing part 37a.
  • the brush pressure spring 3a has a plurality of spring bending parts which are held at a distance from the brush 2 and by means of which the spring pressure for pressing the brush pressure spring 3a onto the surface of the commutator 1 is essentially achieved.
  • the brush pressure spring 3a is expediently provided, in particular in the area of its folds, in the sense of a brush pressure which is largely constant over the entire operating time, regardless of the radial brush height, with parts of lower rigidity which are subjected to torsional or bending stress; this lower rigidity can be achieved in particular by a smaller cross section of the spring wire in these areas.
  • the aforementioned measure ensures that both with larger and with smaller radial deflection of the pressing part 37a in relation to the holding part 31a, 32a or to the subsequent axial securing part 35a, 36a or to the tangential bearing part 33a, 34a, the pressing force is also due to Brush 6 that has been ground for a longer period of time and thus has a lower radial height remains constant.
  • the mounting parts 31a, 32a are fixed in the stator part 9; the one between the tangential securing part 33a, 34a or axial securing part 35a, 36a and the pressing part 37a
  • the spring part is also designed so that the brush pressure spring 3a can be pivoted about its pivot axis when the head end of the brush 2 is pivoted in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2; for this purpose, in particular, the spring bends are held at a distance from the tangential end faces of the brush pressure spring 3a.
  • FIG. 24 shows three different possibilities for fixing the holder parts of the brush pressure spring 3a, consisting of brush wire ends 31a and 32a, in the stator part 9.
  • FIG. 24 there is an axial receiving opening 92 with a shoulder 94 in the stator part 9 and a self-locking of the commutator 1 Holding part 31a, 32a is provided with an angled stop angle 38a which can be pivoted away from its operating position (according to FIG. 21-23) behind the paragraph 94 by temporarily tilting the brush pressure spring 3a out of its operating position (shown in FIG. 24).
  • 25, 26 characterize an embodiment with an axial plug-in assembly of the holding part 31a, 32a into an axial receiving opening 93 in the stator part 9 open to the commutator 1, and self-locking (FIG. 25) or self-locking (FIG. 26) of the holding part 31a, 32a with a 26, as shown in FIG. 26, at the end of the clamping hooks 39a, which are bent against the insertion direction or behind a locking cam 95 of the stator part 9.
  • the axis about which the brush 8 is pivotally mounted is formed by pivoting receptacles in the form of tabs 23, 24 stamped out and bent out of the brush box 2, which are in corresponding receptacles, preferably in the form of step-like shoulders 81, 82 engage the brush 8.
  • FIGS. 14-15 show in frontal or radial view and in the sectional view according to section III-III in FIG. 15 an embodiment of a brush holder according to the invention, in which the brush box 2 and the brush pressure spring 27 are parts of a one-piece stamped and bent part.
  • the pressure spring 27 essentially consists of a bending part which runs horizontally in FIG. 14 to achieve a certain brush pressure constant, a bending part which runs essentially vertically in FIG. 14 to achieve a certain elasticity in accordance with the pivotable brush 8 and a pressure end which is shown directly in FIG. 15 or indirectly 17, 18 rests on the radially upper surface of the brush 8 via pressure rollers 10, 10.
  • the brush 8 is pivotally mounted about an axis which runs radially close to the surface and axially essentially in the axial direction of the commutator 1 ; for this purpose, tabs 23, 24 engaging in corresponding radial gradations 81, 82 of the brush 8 are bent out of the brush box 2 on the one hand for tangential contact on one side of the brush 8, and on the other hand the wall part 26 of the brush box for tangential contact on the other side of the brush 8 turned; As can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • the tabs 23, 24 or the wall part 26 of the brush box 2 provided as an abutment for the brush 8 are formed so as to extend radially outward so that between the radially inner lower edges inclined towards the brush 8 the flap 23, 24 and the wall part 26 form a pivot axis for the brush 8 and the upper end of the brush 8 can be inclined in the sense of the pivoting movement according to the invention.
  • the end of the brush pressure spring on the guide pin side is expediently guided to the brush in the axially or tangentially opposite direction to the pressure side end of the brush pressure spring.
  • the actual spring part of the entire brush pressure spring is advantageously in the area of its greatest bending moment.
  • the brush pressure spring is designed as a wire molded part according to the configuration according to FIG. 1-13 or as a bent stamped part according to the configuration according to FIG. 14-18.

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

To ensure quieter, smoother running at maximum output by simple means despite unavoidable radial run-out of the slip ring or commutator swept by the contacting brushes, the brushes (6; 7; 8) are pivotally mounted on an axis which runs radially near the surface and axially essentially in the direction of the axis of the commutator (1) or slip ring; in one embodiment, the axis consists of a guide pin (31; 41) which is held in a brush housing (2) surrounding the brush (6; 7), at least partly, near the surface of the commutator (1) or slip ring and which is inserted axially in a guide slot (61; 71) aligned with the direction of pressure of the brushes and open to the surface of the slip ring or commutator (1), or the brush (6) is gripped tangentially outwardly by the brush pressure spring (3a) and is pivotally mounted on tangential bearing parts (33a; 34a).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Schleifring- bzw. Kommutatormotor gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1; ein derartiger Motor ist aus der DE-PS 548 073 bekannt.The invention relates to a slip ring or commutator motor according to the preamble of claim 1; such a motor is known from DE-PS 548 073.

Im bekannten vorgenannten Fall ist zur besseren Anpaßbarkeit der Kohlebürste an Unrundheiten der Schleiffläche des Kommutators bzw. des Schleifringes vorgesehen, die Kohlebürste in einem Bürstenführungskasten zu lagern und an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Bürstenführungskastens je einen Ansatz anzubringen, deren nach außen gerichtete Flächen einer gemeinsamen Kreiszylinderfläche angehören sowie an einem den Bürstenkasten aufnehmenden Haltearm korrespondierende, gleichfalls einer gemeinsamen Zylinderfläche zugehörige Berührungsflächen derart vorzusehen, daß sich die Bürste bei Unrundheiten der Schleiffläche des Kommutators bzw. des Schleifringes in eine entsprechende Richtung einstellen kann, wobei die vorgenannten Zylinderflächen aneinander abrollen.In the known case mentioned, for better adaptability of the carbon brush to non-roundness of the grinding surface of the commutator or the slip ring, the carbon brush is to be stored in a brush guide box and an approach is attached to opposite sides of the brush guide box, the outwardly facing surfaces of which belong to a common circular cylindrical surface, and also on a holding arm receiving the brush box, corresponding contact surfaces also belonging to a common cylinder surface must be provided in such a way that the brush can adjust in a corresponding direction if the grinding surface of the commutator or the slip ring is not round, the aforementioned cylinder surfaces rolling against one another.

Durch die CH-A-334 086 ist ein Doppelbürstenhalter bekannt, bei dem beide Bürsten jeweils in einem Bürstenkasten geführt gehalten und die beiden Büstenkästen durch eine Traverse verbunden sind. Von der Traverse geht eine Achse aus, auf die eine Bürstenandruckfeder mit einer Öse an ihrem einen Ende aufgesteckt ist; das andere Ende ist federelastisch auf einen Zylinder mit einer Zylinderachse aufgewickelt, die mit aus beiden Stirnseiten des Zylinders herausragenden freien Enden über Rollen auf den dem Kommutator abgewandten Kopf-Enden der Bürsten aufliegen. Die gesamte Baueinheit mit Bürstenkasten, Traverse und Bürstenandruckfeder-Aufhängung ist dadurch motorseitig gehalten, daß ein Bürstentragarm an einer Außenwand eines Bürstenkastens angreift.A double brush holder is known from CH-A-334 086, in which both brushes are each guided in a brush box and the two brush boxes are connected by a traverse. An axis extends from the traverse, onto which a brush pressure spring with an eyelet is attached at one end; the other end is resiliently wound on a cylinder with a cylinder axis, which, with free ends protruding from both end faces of the cylinder, rest on rollers on the head ends of the brushes facing away from the commutator. The entire assembly with the brush box, traverse and brush pressure spring suspension is held on the motor side in that a brush support arm engages an outer wall of a brush box.

Eine gegenüber dem eingangs genannten Motor fertigungs- und montagetechnisch wesentlich einfacherere und trotzdem einen Ausgleich von Rundlaufabweichungen voll gewährleistende Bürstenhalterung ist bei einem Motor der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß durch die Lehre der Ansprüche 1 bzw. 2 bzw. 13 bzw. 14 möglich; die Bürstenandruckfeder dient dabei sowohl der schwenkbaren, direkt geführten Lagerung der Bürste bei gewährleisteter Nachstellmöglichkeit der Bürste bei fortschreitender Abnutzung und bei gleichbleibend im wesentlichen in Achsrichtung des Kommutators in Nähe zu seiner Oberfläche verlaufender Schwenkachse als auch dem Bürstenandruck.A brush holder that is much simpler in terms of production and assembly technology compared to the motor mentioned at the outset and still fully ensures compensation for concentricity deviations is possible according to the invention in a motor of the type mentioned at the outset by the teaching of claims 1 or 2 or 13 or 14; the brush pressure spring serves both the pivotable, directly guided storage of the brush with guaranteed readjustment of the brush with progressive wear and with the commutator essentially remaining in the axial direction in proximity to its surface, as well as the brush pressure.

In besonders einfacher und eine sichere erfindungsgemäße Schwenkbarkeit gewährleistender Weise wird nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die Achse von einem Stift, insbesondere einem Drahtstift gebildet, der in einem die Bürste in Nähe der Oberfläche des Kommutators bzw. Schleifringes zumindest teilweise umgreifenden Bürstengehäuse gehalten ist, wobei in weiterer fertigungs- und montagetechnischer Vereinfachung der Stift einstückiger Bestandteil einer Bürstenandruckfeder ist.In a particularly simple and safe manner according to the invention ensuring pivotability, according to one embodiment of the invention, the axis is formed by a pin, in particular a wire pin, which is held in a brush housing that at least partially encompasses the brush near the surface of the commutator or slip ring, wherein in Further manufacturing and assembly simplification, the pin is an integral part of a brush pressure spring.

Insbesondere bei Kleinmotoren kann der Teile- und Montageaufwand in vorteilhafter Weise dadurch noch weiter vereinfacht werden, daß die Bürstenandruckfeder mit an ihrem einen Ende angeordneten Stift zur schwenkbaren Lagerung der Bürste auch zur übrigen geführten Halterung der Bürste selbst unter Verzicht auf einen gesonderten Kastenbürstenhalter mitbenutzt wird und gegebenenfalls das andere Ende der Bürstenfeder zur Halterung der ganzen Bürstenanordnung direkt an einer Bürstenhalterung drehbar oder schwenkbar gelagert oder fixiert ist; auf eine Sonder-Konstruktion einer Bürste mit im Sinne eines Ausgleichs von Kommutator-Unrundheiten schwenkbaren Achse kann bei einer Konstruktion gemäß Anspruch 15 verzichtet werden.In the case of small motors in particular, the parts and assembly work can be further simplified in an advantageous manner in that the brush pressure spring with a pin arranged at one end for pivoting mounting of the brush is also used for the other guided holding of the brush even without a separate box brush holder and if necessary, the other end of the brush spring for holding the entire brush arrangement is rotatably or pivotally mounted or fixed directly on a brush holder; a special construction of a brush with a pivotable axis in order to compensate for commutator out-of-roundness can be dispensed with in a construction according to claim 15.

Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Bürstenandruckfeder dabei zusätzlich einen axialen Sicherungsteil auf, der zumindest an der ihrem statorseitigen Halterungsteil abgewandten axialen Stirnseite, insbesondere in Nähe zur Oberfläche des Schleifringes bzw. Kommutators, im Sinne einer axialen Lagesicherung anliegt; zur axialen Lagesicherung in der anderen Achsrichtung liegt die Bürste zweckmäßigerweise direkt an einem Statorteil an, wobei die Reibung bei der Schwenkbewegung dadurch niedrig gehalten werden kann, daß in vorteilhafter Weise an dem Statorteil axial vorstehende Anlaufnocken vorgesehen sind, die als alleinige Berührungsfläche zur gegenüberliegenden axialen Stirnseite der Bürste dienen.According to one embodiment of the invention, the brush pressure spring additionally has an axial securing part, which rests at least on the axial end face facing away from its stator-side holding part, in particular in proximity to the surface of the slip ring or commutator, in the sense of an axial securing of the position; To secure the position axially in the other axial direction, the brush is expediently in direct contact with a stator part, the friction during the swiveling movement being able to be kept low by advantageously providing axially projecting start-up cams on the stator part, which act as the sole contact surface to the opposite axial end face serve the brush.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand schematisch dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele in der Zeichnung näher erläutert; darin zeigen:

FIG 1-3
die axiale, stirnseitige und radiale Ansicht einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenhalterung,
FIG 4,5
zwei Lagerungsmöglichkeiten des Stiftes zur schwenkbaren Lagerung der Bürste in einem Bürstenkasten,
FIG 6-8
die axiale, stirnseitige und radiale Ansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenhalterung,
FIG 9,10
die axiale und stirnseitige Ansicht einer Ausgestaltung der Bürstenhalterung gemäß FIG 6-8,
FIG 11,12
die axiale und stirnseitige Ansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenhalterung,
FIG 13
die radiale Ansicht einer vierten erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenhalterung,
FIG 14-16
in stirnseitiger Ansicht, in radialem Schnittbild und in radialer Ansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenhalterung mit einer einstückig an einen Bürstenkasten angeformten Bürstenandruckfeder,
FIG 17,18
in axialer bzw. radialer Ansicht eine spezielle Ausgestaltung des Andruckes zwischen der Bürstenandruckfeder und der Bürste über eine Andruckrolle.
FIG 19,20
in axialer bzw. radialer Ausschnitt-Ansicht eine anschlagbegrenzte schwenkbare Lagerung des Halterungsteils der Bürstenandruckfeder gemäß FIG 11,12 in einer Statoraufnahme,
FIG 21-23
die axiale, stirnseitige und radiale Ansicht einer Bürstenhalterung, allein durch eine Bürstenandruckfeder,
FIG 24
die Einklinkung der Bürstenandruckfeder in ihrer Statoraufnahme gemäß Bürstenhalterung nach FIG 21-23,
FIG 25
eine weitere Alternative einer vorteilhaften Halterung der Bürstenandruckfeder in ihrer Statoraufnahme,
FIG 26
eine zusätzliche axiale Sicherung der Aufnahme der Bürstenandruckfeder in ihrer Statoraufnahme gem. FIG 25.
The invention and further advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to schematically illustrated exemplary embodiments in the drawing; show in it:
FIG 1-3
the axial, frontal and radial view of a first brush holder according to the invention,
FIG 4.5
two storage options for the pin for swiveling mounting of the brush in a brush box,
FIG 6-8
the axial, frontal and radial view of a further brush holder according to the invention,
FIG 9.10
the axial and front view of an embodiment of the brush holder according to FIG 6-8,
FIG 11.12
the axial and front view of another brush holder according to the invention,
FIG. 13
the radial view of a fourth brush holder according to the invention,
FIG 14-16
in a frontal view, in a radial sectional view and in a radial view of a further brush holder according to the invention with a brush pressure spring integrally molded onto a brush box,
FIG 17.18
in axial or radial view, a special configuration of the pressure between the brush pressure spring and the brush via a pressure roller.
FIG 19.20
11, an axial or radial cut-out view of a stop-limited pivotable mounting of the holder part of the brush pressure spring according to FIG. 11, 12 in a stator holder,
FIG 21-23
the axial, frontal and radial view of a brush holder, solely by a brush pressure spring,
FIG 24
the latching of the brush pressure spring in its stator holder according to the brush holder according to FIG 21-23,
FIG 25
another alternative of an advantageous mounting of the brush pressure spring in its stator holder,
FIG 26
an additional axial securing of the recording of the brush pressure spring in its stator recording acc. FIG 25.

FIG 1-3 zeigen in drei verschiedenen Ansichten eine erste erfindungsgemäße Bürstenhalterung mit einer auf der Oberfläche eines Kommutators 1 schleifenden, von einem Bürstenkasten 2 dreiseitig umschlossenen und durch eine Bürstenandruckfeder 3 gegen den Kommutator 1 angedrückten Bürste 6. Die Bürste 6 ist in radialer Nähe zur Oberfläche des Kommutatormotors 1 um eine in Axialrichtung verlaufende Achse schwenkbar gelagert, die durch einen Führungsstift 31 gebildet wird, der in einen in Andruckrichtung der Bürste 3 verlaufenden, zur Oberfläche des Kommutators 1 hin offenen Führungsschlitz 61 eingesteckt und beidseitig in Seitenwandungen des Bürstenkastens 2 gelagert ist. In vorteilhafter Weise ist der Führungsstift 31 einstückiger Bestandteil einer Bürstenandruckfeder 3, die mit ihrem anderen Andruckende 32 punktförmig auf der Oberfläche der Bürste 6 aufliegt und diese gegen den Kommutator 1 andrückt.1-3 show in three different views a first brush holder according to the invention with a brush 6 which grinds on the surface of a commutator 1, is enclosed on three sides by a brush box 2 and is pressed against the commutator 1 by a brush pressure spring 3. The brush 6 is in radial proximity to Surface of the commutator motor 1 is pivotally mounted about an axis extending in the axial direction, which is formed by a guide pin 31 which is inserted into a guide slot 61 which runs in the pressing direction of the brush 3 and is open towards the surface of the commutator 1 and is supported on both sides in side walls of the brush box 2 . Advantageously, the guide pin 31 is a one-piece component of a brush pressure spring 3, which with its other pressure end 32 rests point-wise on the surface of the brush 6 and presses it against the commutator 1.

Der Stift 31 kann nach zwei vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gemäß FIG 4 bzw. FIG 5 entweder in einen radial offenen Einsteckschlitz 21 oder in einen radial offenen Klemm-Einsteckschlitz 22 im Bürstenkasten 2 eingelegt bzw. eingedrückt werden. Wie insbes. aus FIG 3 ersichtlich, sind in die Wandteile des Bürstenkasten 2, zwischen denen die Bürste 6 an ihren axialen Stirnseiten eingeschlossen ist, im Bereich der Einsteckschlitze 21,22 mit zur Bürste 6 gerichtete vorstehende Anlageaugen 25 bzw.26 eingeformt, die der möglichst reibungsarmen Führung der schwenkbaren Bürste 6 im Bürstenkasten 2 dienen. In das Auge 26 ist gleichzeitig durch Freistanzen ein Federlappen 261 eingeformt, der der Klemmhalterung des eingedrückten Führungsstiftes 31 dient. Um bei der angenommenen, auf der Kommutatorstirnfläche durch Pfeilrichtung angedeuteten Drehrichtung des Kommutators 1 der aufgrund zunehmender Abnutzung zu erwartenden Schrägstellung der Bürste 6 entgegenwirken zu können, ist zweckmäßigerweise das Andruckende 32 der Andruckfeder 3 zum Führungsschlitz 21 in der hier angenommenen und durch einen Richtungspfeil gekennzeichneten einzigen Drehrichtung um ein geringes Maß außermittig versetzt.The pin 31 can, according to two advantageous embodiments of the invention according to FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, either be inserted or pressed into a radially open insertion slot 21 or into a radially open clamping insertion slot 22 in the brush box 2. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, in the wall parts of the brush box 2, between which the brush 6 is enclosed on its axial end faces, in the region of the insertion slots 21, 22 with protruding contact eyes 25 and 26 directed towards the brush 6, which are formed by the serve as low-friction guidance of the pivotable brush 6 in the brush box 2. At the same time, a spring tab 261 is formed in the eye 26 by punching it out, which serves to clamp the pressed-in guide pin 31. To be accepted, To be able to counteract the direction of rotation of the commutator 1 on the end face of the commutator, indicated by the direction of the arrow, of the inclined position of the brush 6, which is to be expected due to increasing wear, the pressure end 32 of the pressure spring 3 to the guide slot 21 is expedient by a small amount in the single direction of rotation assumed here and identified by a directional arrow off-center.

FIG 6-8 zeigen eine weitere Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenhalterung für einen Motor mit gemäß auf der Stirnseite des Kommutators 1 eingetragener Pfeilrichtung angenommenen Drehrichtung sowohl für Links- als auch für Rechtslauf; dementsprechend sind sowohl der den axial durchgehenden Führungsstift 41 zur Bildung der Schwenkachse aufnehmende Führungsschlitz 71 der Bürste 7 als auch das Andruckende 42 der zur Erzielung einer ausgeglichenen Federandruckkraft der mehrfach gewendelten Bürstenandruckfeder 4 mittig zum Drehpunkt des Kommutators 1 angeordnet. Zur gleichzeitigen zur Oberfläche des Kommutators parallelen Ausrichtung der Bürste liegt nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die Bürstenandruckfeder 4 mit einem in Achsrichtung des Kommutators 1 verlaufenden Andruckende 42 auf der Bürste 7, vorzugsweise versenkt in einer korrespondierenden axialen Längsnut 72 der Bürste 7 auf.FIGS. 6-8 show a further embodiment of the brush holder according to the invention for a motor with the direction of rotation assumed for both left-hand and right-hand rotation according to the direction of arrow entered on the end face of the commutator 1; Accordingly, both the axially continuous guide pin 41 for the formation of the pivot axis receiving slot 71 of the brush 7 and the pressing end 42 are arranged centrally to the pivot point of the commutator 1 in order to achieve a balanced spring pressure force of the multi-turn brush pressure spring 4. For simultaneous alignment of the brush parallel to the surface of the commutator, according to one embodiment of the invention, the brush pressure spring 4 rests on the brush 7 with a pressure end 42 running in the axial direction of the commutator 1, preferably countersunk in a corresponding axial longitudinal groove 72 of the brush 7.

FIG 9,10 zeigen eine ähnliche Ausführung einer erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenhalterung wie FIG 6-8, jedoch ist die mehrfach gewendelte Bürstenandruckfeder 4 in ihrem freien Andruckende 43 als Haltebügel im Sinne einer zur Oberfläche des Kommutators parallelen und in Achsrichtung fixierenden Führungshilfe mit für die um den Führungsstift 41 schwenkbar gelagerte Bürste 7 ausgebildet.FIGS. 9, 10 show a similar design of a brush holder according to the invention as shown in FIGS. 6-8, but the multiple coiled brush pressure spring 4 in its free pressure end 43 is used as a holding bracket in the sense of a guide aid parallel to the surface of the commutator and fixing in the axial direction for those around the guide pin 41 pivoted brush 7 formed.

FIG 11,12 zeigen eine ähnliche erfindungsgemäße Bürstenhalterung wie FIG 1-3, jedoch ist auf einem gesonderten Bürstenkasten verzichtet und die Bürstenandruckfeder 3 direkt zur geführten und schwenkbaren Halterung der Bürste 6 ausgebildet; dazu ist insbesondere der Führungsstift 31 der Bürstenandruckfeder 3 verlängert und in einem Statorteil 8, vorzugsweise einem Kunststoff-Lagerschild oder einer Bürstenhalterung, gelagert. Zur Reibungsminderung zwischen der Bürste 6 und dem führenden Teil der Bürstenandruckfeder 3 sind in diese - ähnlich wie im Fall gemäß FIG 3 - vorstehende, zur Bürste 6 gerichtete Anlageaugen 33 eingeformt.11, 12 show a brush holder according to the invention similar to that of FIGS. 1-3, but there is no separate brush box and the brush pressure spring 3 is designed directly for the guided and pivotable holder of the brush 6; is to in particular the guide pin 31 of the brush pressure spring 3 is extended and stored in a stator part 8, preferably a plastic end shield or a brush holder. In order to reduce friction between the brush 6 and the leading part of the brush pressure spring 3, protruding contact eyes 33 directed towards the brush 6 are molded into the latter, similar to the case according to FIG.

FIG 19,20 zeigen in Anlehnung an die Bürstenhalterung gemäß FIG 11,12 eine schwenkbare Aufnahme des statorseitigen Endes des Führungsstiftes 31 der Bürstenandruckfeder 3; dazu ist das Ende in eine axiale Einstecköffnung 93 im Statorteil 9 eingeklinkt. Zur axialen Lagesicherung liegt - wie insbesondere aus FIG 20 ersichtlich - der eingeklinkte Schwenkhaken 39 axial gegen eine Schulter 96 des Statorteils 9 an; zur Anschlagbegrenzung des das Andruckende 32 aufnehmenden Kopfendes der Bürste 6 ist - wie insbesondere aus FIG 19 ersichtlich - der Schwenkhaken in eine Winkelöffnung 97 des Statorteils 9 eingelegt, deren Winkelflanken als Anschlag für den Schwenkhaken 39 dienen.19.20 show, based on the brush holder according to FIG. 11.12, a pivotable receptacle of the stator-side end of the guide pin 31 of the brush pressure spring 3; for this purpose the end is latched into an axial insertion opening 93 in the stator part 9. In order to secure the position in the axial direction — as can be seen in particular from FIG. 20 — the latched swivel hook 39 bears axially against a shoulder 96 of the stator part 9; In order to limit the stop of the head end of the brush 6 receiving the pressure end 32, the swivel hook is inserted into an angular opening 97 of the stator part 9, the angular flanks of which serve as a stop for the swivel hook 39.

Ausgehend von der bürstenkastenfreien Konstruktion gemäß FIG 11,12 zeigen FIG 21-23 in drei verschiedenen Ansichten eine erfindungsgemäße Bürstenhalterung mit einer auf der Oberfläche eines Kommutators 1 schleifenden, in einem Statorteil 9 über eine Bürstenandruckfeder 3a angedrückten und zum Ausgleich von Rundlaufabweichungen des Kommutators 1 schwenkbar aufgehängten, jedoch ungeschlitzten und somit keine Sonderkonstruktion erfordernden Bürste 6; Die einstückig aus einem Draht gebogene Bürstenandruckfeder 3a weist hierbei zwei im Statorteil 9 fixierte Halterungsteile 31a, 32a, einen anschließenden, an jeder tangentialen Stirnseite der Bürste 6 anliegenden, tangentialen Lagerungsteil 33a, 34a zur schwenkbaren Lagerung der Bürste 6, einen axialen Sicherungsteil 35a bzw. 36a und einen endseitigen, auf der radialen, der Kommutatoroberfläche abgewandten Kopfseite der Bürste 6 aufliegenden Andruckteil 37a auf; an der dem axialen Sicherungsteil 35a bzw. 36a abgewandten Stirnseite kann die Bürste 6 gegen Anschlagnocken 91 des Statorteils 9 mit geringem Reibungskoeffizienten anlaufen. Es kann somit trotz der vorteilhaften Schwenkbarkeit der Bürste zum Ausgleich von Kommutator-Unrundheiten auf jegliche Sonderformen von Bürsten verzichtet werden.Starting from the brush box-free construction according to FIG. 11, 12, FIGS. 21-23 show in three different views a brush holder according to the invention with a grinding on the surface of a commutator 1, pressed in a stator part 9 via a brush pressure spring 3a and pivotable to compensate for concentricity deviations of the commutator 1 suspended, but unslotted and therefore not requiring a special construction brush 6; The brush pressure spring 3a, which is bent in one piece from a wire, has two holding parts 31a, 32a fixed in the stator part 9, a subsequent tangential bearing part 33a, 34a, which bears against each tangential end face of the brush 6, for the pivotable mounting of the brush 6, an axial securing part 35a or 36a and an end-side pressure part 37a resting on the radial head side of the brush 6 facing away from the commutator surface on; On the end face facing away from the axial securing part 35a or 36a, the brush 6 can run against the stop cam 91 of the stator part 9 with a low coefficient of friction. Despite the advantageous pivotability of the brush to compensate for non-roundness of the commutator, any special forms of brushes can be dispensed with.

Wie insbesondere aus FIG 23 ersichtlich, ist die Bürstenandruckfeder 3a aus einem durchgehenden einstückigen Draht derart gebogen, daß dessen freies Ende die Halterungsteile 31a, 32a bildet und dessen mittiges Umbiegeende als Andruckteil 37a auf der radialen Kopfseite der Bürste 6 aufliegt. Zwischen dem Andruckteil 37a und den axialen Sicherungsteilen 35a, 36a weist die Bürstenandruckfeder 3a mehrere, im Abstand zur Bürste 2 gehaltene Federbiegungsteile auf, durch die im wesentlichen der Federdruck zum Andruck der Bürstenandruckfeder 3a auf die Oberfläche des Kommutators 1 erreicht wird. In zweckmäßiger Weise ist dabei die Bürstenandruckfeder 3a, insbesondere im Bereich ihrer Umknickungen, im Sinne eines unabhängig von der radialen Bürstenhöhe über die gesamte Betriebszeit weitgehend konstanten Bürstenandruckes mit torsions- bzw. biegebeanspruchten Teilen geringerer Steifigkeit versehen; diese geringere Steifigkeit kann insbesondere durch einen geringeren Querschnitt des Federdrahtes in diesen Bereichen erreicht werden. Durch die vorgenannte Maßnahme wird erreicht, daß sowohl bei größerer als auch bei kleinerer radialer Auslenkung des Andruckteils 37a im Verhältnis zum Halterungsteil 31a, 32a bzw. zum anschließenden axialen Sicherungsteil 35a, 36a bzw. zum tangentialen Lagerungsteil 33a, 34a die Andruckkraft auch bei mit aufgrund längerer Betriebszeit abgeschliffener und damit eine geringere radiale Höhe aufweisender Bürste 6 konstant bleibt.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 23, the brush pressure spring 3a is bent from a continuous one-piece wire in such a way that its free end forms the holding parts 31a, 32a and its central bending end rests on the radial head side of the brush 6 as a pressing part 37a. Between the pressure part 37a and the axial securing parts 35a, 36a, the brush pressure spring 3a has a plurality of spring bending parts which are held at a distance from the brush 2 and by means of which the spring pressure for pressing the brush pressure spring 3a onto the surface of the commutator 1 is essentially achieved. The brush pressure spring 3a is expediently provided, in particular in the area of its folds, in the sense of a brush pressure which is largely constant over the entire operating time, regardless of the radial brush height, with parts of lower rigidity which are subjected to torsional or bending stress; this lower rigidity can be achieved in particular by a smaller cross section of the spring wire in these areas. The aforementioned measure ensures that both with larger and with smaller radial deflection of the pressing part 37a in relation to the holding part 31a, 32a or to the subsequent axial securing part 35a, 36a or to the tangential bearing part 33a, 34a, the pressing force is also due to Brush 6 that has been ground for a longer period of time and thus has a lower radial height remains constant.

Die Halterungsteile 31a, 32a sind im Statorteil 9 fest fixiert; der zwischen dem tangentialen Sicherungsteil 33a, 34a bzw. axialen Sicherungsteil 35a, 36a und dem Andruckteil 37a liegende Federteil ist außerdem im Sinne einer Schwenkbarkeit der Bürstenandruckfeder 3a um ihre Schwenkachse bei Schwenkbewegungen des Kopfendes der Bürste 2 im Sinne des Pfeiles in FIG 2 elastisch verformbar ausgebildet; dazu dient insbesondere auch die Halterung der Federumbiegungen im Abstand zu den tangentialen Stirnseiten der Bürstenandruckfeder 3a.The mounting parts 31a, 32a are fixed in the stator part 9; the one between the tangential securing part 33a, 34a or axial securing part 35a, 36a and the pressing part 37a The spring part is also designed so that the brush pressure spring 3a can be pivoted about its pivot axis when the head end of the brush 2 is pivoted in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2; for this purpose, in particular, the spring bends are held at a distance from the tangential end faces of the brush pressure spring 3a.

FIG 24-26 zeigen drei verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Fixierung der aus Bürstendrahtenden 31a bzw. 32a bestehenden Halterungsteile der Bürstenandruckfeder 3a im Statorteil 9. Gemäß FIG 24 ist eine axiale, zum Kommutator 1 geöffnete Aufnahmeöffnung 92 mit einem Absatz 94 im Statorteil 9 und eine Selbstverrastung des Halterungsteils 31a, 32a mit einem abgewinkelten, durch vorübergehendes, in FIG 24 dargestelltes, montagemäßiges Wegkippen der Bürstenandruckfeder 3a aus ihrer Betriebslage (gemäß FIG 21-23) hinter den Absatz 94 einschwenkbaren Anschlagwinkel 38a vorgesehen. FIG 25, 26 kennzeichnen eine Ausgestaltung mit einer axialen Einsteckmontage des Halterungsteils 31a, 32a in eine axiale, zum Kommutator 1 geöffnete Aufnahmeöffnung 93 im Statorteil 9 und eine Selbstverklemmung (FIG 25) bzw. Selbstverrastung (FIG 26) des Halterungsteils 31a, 32a mit einem endseitigen, entgegen der Einsteckrichtung abgebogenen Klemmhaken 39a bzw. hinter einen Rastnocken 95 des Statorteils 9 einrastenden Rasthaken 39b gemäß FIG 26.24-26 show three different possibilities for fixing the holder parts of the brush pressure spring 3a, consisting of brush wire ends 31a and 32a, in the stator part 9. According to FIG. 24, there is an axial receiving opening 92 with a shoulder 94 in the stator part 9 and a self-locking of the commutator 1 Holding part 31a, 32a is provided with an angled stop angle 38a which can be pivoted away from its operating position (according to FIG. 21-23) behind the paragraph 94 by temporarily tilting the brush pressure spring 3a out of its operating position (shown in FIG. 24). 25, 26 characterize an embodiment with an axial plug-in assembly of the holding part 31a, 32a into an axial receiving opening 93 in the stator part 9 open to the commutator 1, and self-locking (FIG. 25) or self-locking (FIG. 26) of the holding part 31a, 32a with a 26, as shown in FIG. 26, at the end of the clamping hooks 39a, which are bent against the insertion direction or behind a locking cam 95 of the stator part 9.

FIG 13 zeigt eine Bürstenandruckfeder 5 mit einem zum Bürstenandruck auf der Bürste aufliegenden hochgebogenen Andruckende 52 und zwei seitlichen Federarmen 51,51, die jeweils in einer axial stirnseitigen Wandung des Bürstenkastens 2 drehbar gelagert sind. In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die Achse, um die die Bürste 8 schwenkbar gelagert ist, durch Schwenkaufnahmen in Form von aus dem Bürstenkasten 2 freigestanzten und abgebogenen Lappen 23,24 gebildet, die in korrespondierende Aufnahmen, vorzugsweise in Form von stufenförmigen Absätzen 81,82 in die Bürste 8 eingreifen.13 shows a brush pressure spring 5 with a raised pressure end 52 resting on the brush for the brush pressure and two lateral spring arms 51, 51, which are each rotatably mounted in an axially end wall of the brush box 2. In a further embodiment of the invention, the axis about which the brush 8 is pivotally mounted is formed by pivoting receptacles in the form of tabs 23, 24 stamped out and bent out of the brush box 2, which are in corresponding receptacles, preferably in the form of step-like shoulders 81, 82 engage the brush 8.

FIG 14-15 zeigen in stirnseitiger bzw. radialer Ansicht und im Schnittbild gemäß Schnittverlauf III-III in FIG 15 eine erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung einer Bürstenhalterung, bei der der Bürstenkasten 2 und die Bürstenandruckfeder 27 Teile eines einstückigen Stanzbiegeteils sind. Die Andruckfeder 27 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem in FIG 14 waagrecht verlaufenden Biegeteil zur Erlangung einer bestimmten Bürstenandruckkonstante, einem in FIG 14 im wesentlichen senkrecht verlaufenden Biegeteil zur Erzielung einer gewissen Elastizität entsprechend der schwenkbaren Bürste 8 und einem Andruckende, das unmittelbar gemäß FIG 15 oder mittelbar über Andruckrollen 10,10 gemäß FIG 17,18 auf der radial oberen Fläche der Bürste 8 aufliegt.FIGS. 14-15 show in frontal or radial view and in the sectional view according to section III-III in FIG. 15 an embodiment of a brush holder according to the invention, in which the brush box 2 and the brush pressure spring 27 are parts of a one-piece stamped and bent part. The pressure spring 27 essentially consists of a bending part which runs horizontally in FIG. 14 to achieve a certain brush pressure constant, a bending part which runs essentially vertically in FIG. 14 to achieve a certain elasticity in accordance with the pivotable brush 8 and a pressure end which is shown directly in FIG. 15 or indirectly 17, 18 rests on the radially upper surface of the brush 8 via pressure rollers 10, 10.

Zur Erzielung guter Laufeigenschaften auch bei unrundem Kommutator 1 und zur Stellungsanpassung der Bürste 8 im Sinne einer möglichst großen Kontaktierungsfläche zum Kommutator 1 ist die Bürste 8 um eine Achse schwenkbar gelagert, die radial in Nähe zur Oberfläche und axial im wesentlichen in Achsrichtung des Kommutators 1 verläuft; dazu sind aus dem Bürstenkasten 2 einerseits in korrespondierende radial verlaufende Abstufungen 81,82 der Bürste 8 eingreifende Lappen 23,24 zur tangentialen Anlage an der einen Seite der Bürste 8 herausgebogen und andererseits das Wandteil 26 des Bürstenkastens zur tangentialen Anlage der anderen Seite der Bürste 8 abgebogen; wie insbes. aus FIG 16 ersichtlich, sind die Lappen 23,24 bzw. das als Anlage für die Bürste 8 vorgesehene Wandteil 26 des Bürstenkastens 2 nach radial außen schräg verlaufend ausgebildet, so daß zwischen den radial inneren, auf die Bürste 8 zugeneigten unteren Kanten der Lappen 23,24 und des Wandteiles 26 eine Schwenkachse für die Bürste 8 gebildet ist und sich das obere Ende der Bürste 8 im Sinne der erfindungsgemäßen Schwenkbewegung schrägstellen kann.To achieve good running properties even with a non-circular commutator 1 and to adjust the position of the brush 8 in the sense of the largest possible contact surface to the commutator 1, the brush 8 is pivotally mounted about an axis which runs radially close to the surface and axially essentially in the axial direction of the commutator 1 ; for this purpose, tabs 23, 24 engaging in corresponding radial gradations 81, 82 of the brush 8 are bent out of the brush box 2 on the one hand for tangential contact on one side of the brush 8, and on the other hand the wall part 26 of the brush box for tangential contact on the other side of the brush 8 turned; As can be seen in particular from FIG. 16, the tabs 23, 24 or the wall part 26 of the brush box 2 provided as an abutment for the brush 8 are formed so as to extend radially outward so that between the radially inner lower edges inclined towards the brush 8 the flap 23, 24 and the wall part 26 form a pivot axis for the brush 8 and the upper end of the brush 8 can be inclined in the sense of the pivoting movement according to the invention.

Um eine dauernde Bürstenschrägstellung aufgrund der Abnutzung der Bürste 8 bei der in Pfeilrichtung angenommenen Drehrichtung des Kommutators zu vermeiden, ist der Auflagepunkt des Andruckendes der Bürstenandruckfeder 27 wiederum außermittig in Drehrichtung um ein geringes Maß versetzt.In order to avoid a permanent inclination of the brush due to the wear of the brush 8 in the direction of rotation of the commutator assumed in the direction of the arrow, the point of contact is the Pressing end of the brush pressure spring 27 is again offset off-center in the direction of rotation by a small amount.

Zur verbesserten Bürstenführung durch die Bürstenandruckfeder ist jeweils zweckmäßigerweise das führungsstiftseitige Ende der Bürstenandruckfeder in axial bzw. tangential entgegengesetzter Richtung zu dem andruckseitigen Ende der Bürstenandruckfeder zur Bürste geführt. Der eigentliche Federteil der gesamten Bürstenandruckfeder liegt vorteilhafterweise im Bereich deren größten Biegemomentes. Die Bürstenandruckfeder ist als Drahtformteil gemäß der Ausgestaltung nach FIG 1-13 oder als Biegestanzteil gemäß der Ausgestaltung nach FIG 14-18 ausgebildet.For improved brush guidance by the brush pressure spring, the end of the brush pressure spring on the guide pin side is expediently guided to the brush in the axially or tangentially opposite direction to the pressure side end of the brush pressure spring. The actual spring part of the entire brush pressure spring is advantageously in the area of its greatest bending moment. The brush pressure spring is designed as a wire molded part according to the configuration according to FIG. 1-13 or as a bent stamped part according to the configuration according to FIG. 14-18.

Claims (19)

  1. Slip ring or commutator motor having at least one brush (6; 7) which is held guided on the stator side, is pressed against the surface of a slip ring or commutator by a brush compression spring (3: 4) and can pivot around an axis running radially in the vicinity of the surface and axially substantially in the direction of the axis of the commutator (1) or slip ring, having the following feature:
       a) the brush (6; 7) is provided with a guide slot (61; 71) running in the compression direction and open to the surface of the commutator (1) or slip ring, into or through which guide slot a guide pin (31; 41), held in a brush housing (2) at least partially surrounding the brush (6; 7), can be inserted (Figures 1 -10).
  2. Slip ring or commutator motor having at least one brush (6; 7) which is held guided on the stator side, is pressed against the surface of a slip ring or commutator by a brush compression spring (3; 4: 5) and can pivot around an axis running radially in the vicinity of the surface and axially substantially in the direction of the axis of the commutator (1) or slip ring, having the following feature:
       b) the brush (6) is guided on the stator side and is held so that it can pivot, without a brush housing, by just the brush compression spring (3) and a guide pin (31) integrally formed as a single piece thereon as a spindle, which guide pin (31) can be inserted in a guide slot (61) of the brush (6), which guide slot runs in the compression direction and is open to the surface of the commutator (1) or slip ring (Figures 11, 12).
  3. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 1 or 2, having the following feature:
       c) the guide pin is retained by at least one axially running insertion hole in a part of the wall of the brush housing surrounding the brush axially at the end.
  4. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 1 or 2, having the following feature:
       d) the guide pin (31) is retained by at least one insertion slot (21) open to the surface of the commutator (1) or slip ring, in particular a clamping insertion slot (22) in a part of the wall of the brush housing (2), which wall part surrounds the brush (6) axially at the end (Figures 4, 5).
  5. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 1 or 2, having the following feature:
       e) the guide pin (31; 41) is a single-piece component of the brush compression spring (3; 4).
  6. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 5, having the following feature:
       f) the brush compression spring (3; 5) is supported against the brush (6; 8) in the form of a point, in the region of its compression end (32; 51) (Figures 3, 13).
  7. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 6, having the following feature:
       g) the brush compression spring (4) is supported against the brush (7) by means of a compression end (41) running in the axial direction of the commutator (1) or slip ring and aligned parallel to the surface of the commutator (1) (Figures 7, 8).
  8. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 7, having the following feature:
       h) the aligned compression end is located in a corresponding axial longitudinal slot (72) in the brush (7) (Figure 8).
  9. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 7, having the following feature:
       i) the brush compression spring (4) is provided with a compression end (43) axially fixing the brush (7) parallel to the surface of the commutator (1) (Figures 9, 10).
  10. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 6, 7 or 9, having the following feature:
       j) the guide pin (31; 41) on the one hand and the compression end (42 or 43) on the other hand are guided in a mutually opposing axial direction with respect to the brush (7) (Figure 6; Figure 9).
  11. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 9, having the following feature:
       k) the free end of the pin (31) is guided out of the brush (6) and is held in a rotatable or fixed manner directly on a stator part (9), in particular a plastics brush holder or a plastics bearing plate (Figure 11).
  12. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 9, having the following feature:
       l) the free end of the pin (31) is guided out of the brush (6) and is supported directly in the stator part (9), in particular a plastics brush holder or a plastics bearing plate, in such a way that it can pivot through a pivoting angle corresponding to the pivoting movement of the brush (6), with a stop in the stator part (9) limiting its movement (Figures 19, 20).
  13. Slip ring or commutator motor having at least one brush (8) which is held guided on the stator side, is pressed against the surface of a slip ring or commutator by a brush compression spring (27) and can pivot around an axis running radially in the vicinity of the surface and axially substantially in the direction of the axis of the commutator (1) or slip ring, having the following feature:
       m) the brush box (2) and the brush compression spring (27) are parts of a single-piece stamped bent part, and holders (ledges 81; 82) are provided on the brush (8) for pivoting axial support, in which holders there engage pivoting holders (tongues 23; 24) integrally formed in or on the brush housing (2) holding the brush (8) (Figures 15 - 18).
  14. Slip ring or commutator motor having at least one brush (6) which is held guided on the stator side, is pressed against the surface of a slip ring or commutator by a brush compression spring (3a) and can pivot around an axis running radially in the vicinity of the surface and axially substantially in the direction of the axis of the commutator (1) or slip ring, having the following feature:
       n) the brush (6) is guided on the stator side and is held so that it can pivot, without a brush housing, by just the brush compression spring (3a) held by means of a retaining part (31a; 32a) on the stator side, which brush compression spring (3a) rests for this purpose in each case by means of a tangential supporting part (33a and 34a, respectively) against the tangential ends of the brush in the vicinity of the surface and parallel to the direction of the axis of the slip ring or commutator (1).
  15. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 14, having the following feature:
       o) the brush compression spring (3a) is supported by means of a compression part (37a) against the radial head end facing away from the commutator (1) and by means of an axial securing part (35a; 36a) at least against the axial end of the brush (6) facing away from its retaining part (31a; 32a) on the stator side, in particular in the vicinity of the surface of the slip ring or commutator (1), in the sense of axially securing the position of the brush (6).
  16. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 15, having the following feature:
       p) the brush (6) is axially secured on its axial end face facing the retaining part (31a; 32a) on the stator side by running directly against the stator part (9) holding the retaining part (31a; 32a), in particular in the region of axially projecting start cams (91).
  17. Slip ring or commutator motor according to claim 16, having the following feature:
       q) the retaining part (31a; 32a) on the stator side and/or the tangential supporting part (33a; 34a) and/or the axial securing part (35a; 36a) and/or the compression part (37a) are components of a single-piece brush compression spring (3a), in particular bent from a continuous brush wire.
  18. Slip ring or commutator motor according to one of claims 14 - 17, having the following feature:
       r) the retaining part, in particular consisting of two brush wire ends (31a and 32a, respectively), is fixed firmly in the stator part (9), and the spring part located between the tangential securing part (33a; 34a) and the axial securing part (35a; 36a) on the one hand and the compression part (37a) on the other hand is designed to be elastically deformable around its pivoting axis, in the sense of the brush compression spring (3a) being able to pivot.
  19. Slip ring or commutator motor according to one of claims 6, 14 - 18, having the following feature:
       s) the retaining part (31a; 32a) is inserted in an axial opening (93) in the stator part (9), open to the commutator (1), with self-clamping or selflatching by way of a clamping hook (39a) or latching hook (39b) located on the end and bent against the direction of insertion.
EP90914530A 1989-08-31 1990-08-23 Slip ring or commutator motor Expired - Lifetime EP0489866B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89116123 1989-08-31
DE8910428U DE8910428U1 (en) 1989-08-31 1989-08-31 Slip ring or commutator motor
DE8910428U 1989-08-31
EP89116123 1989-08-31
DE9011574U 1990-08-08
DE9011574U DE9011574U1 (en) 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 Slip ring or commutator motor
PCT/EP1990/001409 WO1991003857A1 (en) 1989-08-31 1990-08-23 Slip ring or commutator motor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0489866A1 EP0489866A1 (en) 1992-06-17
EP0489866B1 true EP0489866B1 (en) 1994-04-06

Family

ID=27208073

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90914530A Expired - Lifetime EP0489866B1 (en) 1989-08-31 1990-08-23 Slip ring or commutator motor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5329198A (en)
EP (1) EP0489866B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05500747A (en)
DE (1) DE59005292D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2051024T3 (en)

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US5332940A (en) * 1992-01-31 1994-07-26 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Brush device
US5793183A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-08-11 Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics, Inc. Motor system with interrupted PWM oscillation
US5767654A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-06-16 Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics, Inc. Apparatus and method for detecting motor position in PWM operation of a polyphase DC motor
DE19725082A1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-01-07 Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc Carbon brush for an electrical machine
EP1339141A1 (en) * 2002-02-22 2003-08-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Symetric carbon brush holder with spring for a DC motor
DE10223630A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-11 Valeo Motoren & Aktuatoren Brush or carbon brush for an electric motor and electric motor with such a brush
US6664701B1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2003-12-16 Black & Decker Inc. Brush assembly
US6713916B1 (en) 2002-10-31 2004-03-30 Black & Decker Inc. Electric motor assembly
US6858957B2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2005-02-22 Black & Decker Inc. Electric motor end plate with visual alignment indicia
US6798109B2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-09-28 Black & Decker Inc. Electric motor brush assembly
DE102007050803A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brushing device with a spring for an electric machine
JP2011109754A (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-06-02 Asmo Co Ltd Motor
WO2012088312A2 (en) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-28 Sta-Rite Industries, Llc Diaphragm pump and motor system and method
US8558429B2 (en) 2011-01-05 2013-10-15 General Electric Company Systems, methods, and apparatus for lifting brushes of an induction motor
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FR3004011A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa CAGE-FREE BROOM DOOR FOR ELECTRIC MACHINE WITH CONTINUOUS CURRENT

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05500747A (en) 1993-02-12
US5329198A (en) 1994-07-12
EP0489866A1 (en) 1992-06-17
ES2051024T3 (en) 1994-06-01
DE59005292D1 (en) 1994-05-11

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