DE2839600A1 - ELECTRIC MOTOR - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electric motor with a preferably cylindrical housing, inside which a bearing bracket for the rotor shaft of the motor is arranged, and with a that Housing final shield or the like. In which the second Storage of the rotor shaft is arranged, with means for a connection of the end shield to the housing are provided «

In motors of this type, the brush holder is usually attached to the end plate carrying the second bearing, and this is done requires an increased effort in the assembly of such engines. Namely, it is necessary to attach the brush holder to the end shield and then to attach the end shield to the housing, which is usually done with the help of anchor rods or threaded bolts or with The help of elastic elements happens, which generate a constant connection pressure but not the correct position, in particular Can ensure angular position of the brushes.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating an electric motor of the type mentioned at the beginning which the manufacturing and assembly effort is reduced both in terms of price and assembly time.

To solve this problem, an electric motor is the one mentioned at the beginning Type characterized in that the brush holder or holder consists of one piece of insulating material and a cross connection between the housing or the like. and the end shield or the like. forms, on the one hand means for fastening

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of the brush holder in the correct angular position relative to the housing and on the other hand means for a coaxial arrangement of the housing, the brush holder and the end shield are provided to one another.

This means that it is sufficient for the assembly of this motor that the brush holder piece to be inserted between the housing and the end shield, taking into account the axial and angular position are required by the means provided for this purpose, and it is also sufficient to use the elastic connecting elements to these parts to connect with each other. It follows that the connecting elements between the end shield and housing at the same time cause the attachment of the brush holder and additionally due to their elastic property in their Attaching do not require the use of tools.

It should also be noted that the elasticity of the connecting elements due to the axial force generated by them, practically all risks of play or vibrations exclude.

To ensure the guidance of the brushes or carbon brushes, the brush holder has radial channels whose cross-section corresponds to that of the brushes. About the manufacture of this part Allowing in the casting or injection molding process without requiring a too complicated shape can after a special simple embodiment of the invention a closure plate made of insulating material to be arranged on the brush holder, and the channels are on the side of this closure plate open.

On the other hand, the passage of the connecting strands of the carbon brushes with the possibility of a transverse movement in relation to the wear and tear of the carbon brushes, the respective corresponding side wall of the guide channel of the brushes a slot, an elongated hole or the like. on, the length of which corresponds to the intended amount of wear and tear on the brush.

909812/0976

-G. 283.96QQ

According to a further essential feature of the invention, the guide channels of the brushes are open at their ends and you the outer contour of the brush holder corresponding end is through a stopper or the like. closed, which with elastic Latching means, for example wings or ribs, is provided, which are provided for engaging in appropriate Slots in the side walls of the channels are provided.

2Keck, each stopper carries a guide channel the brush holder means for centering and guiding a spring acting on the respective brush. This means to Centering and guiding can be formed, for example, by a guide pin which is coaxial at the inner end of the stopper jumps to desem.

In the case in which the end shield is made of insulating material exists, the closure plate of the brush holder can be formed by the end shield itself. On the contrary Case, the closure plate is formed by an intermediate part made of insulating material, which is inserted between the brush holder and the end shield.

In order to enable the correct angular position in relation to the housing, the brush holder has a nose or the like. head Start and the mounting flange of the housing has a recess for receiving this projection.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the brush holder carries, for example, projections which cooperate with openings which are arranged in the closure plate and the bearing plate in order to secure or produce their coaxial position.

It can be advantageous if the burst carrier element has a annular reinforcing rib or the like. has to cooperate with the closure plate, at the same time to their strength and to ensure the tightness of their internal arrangement and storage.

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The aforementioned annular rib can be used at the same time be used to achieve the centering of the bearing plate relative to the brush holder element.

If the mounting of the motor is provided on its bracket in the area of the end shield, it makes a noise after another Feature of the invention, the brush holder element recordings for the heads of the screws or nuts .aufhaben for this attachment are provided, these recordings are preferably profiled in such a way that they prevent rotation form. The screws then practically penetrate the end shield on the face side.

The brush holder part advantageously has channels or Like. Cavities, the connection points for electrical connection between the supply cables and the pigtails of the In particular, pick up brushes without play.

In one embodiment in which the electric motor is open, i.e. has openings for natural cooling air circulation, the brush holder part has on its Housing facing contact surface at least three legs or supports, which the connection between the housing and the Form the brush holder part.

In this case, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the housing in a plane normal to its axis have a fish, while the end shield in his The outer area has openings, and elastic connecting means can be used to connect the end shield to the housing be provided, which are formed as clips or clasps from resilient strips, one end of which into one of the openings engages and the other end engages the flange of the housing.

The diameter of the bearing plate is preferably smaller than that of the flange of the housing. It follows that the

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and the contraction of the clasps makes it necessary to elongate them, which eliminates the risk of unwanted contraction of the clasps or clasps.

Appropriately, the legs or supports of the brush holder part a U-shaped, outwardly open cross-section and the free ends of the U-legs are to rest and support against the flange of the housing adapted, while the U-cross bar is provided with an extension which into the Bore or inner opening of the housing in the manner -. engages, that the centering of the brush holder is secured relative to the housing.

A further embodiment of the invention can consist in that the in the outer area of the brush holder part for the attachment of the elastic clasps provided openings coincide with the support in such a way that each clasp or bracket in the Inside a support is arranged.

Faner is the projection for the correct angular position of the brush holder part at the free end of one of the supports or the like. intended.

In the FAIl in which there is a natural ventilation of the engine is not necessary due to large openings, the bearing plate can have tabs or the like in its outer area. wear that along

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the open end of the housing by Schlitzfr'erstrecks on Outer edge of the closure plate, are arranged on the outer edge of the brush holder part and in the flange of the housing, the elastic connecting means are formed by a spring ring between the back of the flange of the housing and the radially outwardly bent ends of the aforementioned .laschen inserted is, the centering of the brush holder part relative to the housing od by a cylindrical rib, the like. ensured which engages in the recess or cavity of the housing.

About the dimension created by the aforementioned tabs

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. " 283.960Q

can reduce the introduced into the flange slots or the like be extended into the housing in such a way that they can accommodate the tabs almost entirely.

In the case in which brushes are pressing against the collector Springs are spiral springs, the brush holder has spooled pins to anchor these springs.

In this embodiment, the projection is for adjustment the correct angular position of the brush holder directly on the contact surface of this brush holder, which is on the flange of the Housing rests, arranged.

This projection can be provided with an extension that also adjusts the angular position of the opening of the spring ring secures. This eliminates the risk of this opening being covered by a tab.

The following is the invention and its essential pertaining to it Details based on the drawing in two. Embodiments described in more detail. It shows in schematic Depiction:

Fig. 1 A view of the motor from the end shield, but with the end shield removed,

FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section along the line 2.-2 in FIG. 1,

3 shows an end view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a second embodiment of the electric motor,

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section along the line 4'-4 in FIG. 3,

5 shows a cross section along the line 5-5 in FIG. 4 and FIGS. 6 and 7 on an enlarged scale and in longitudinal section the connection area of the end shield and housing in two embodiments.

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2819800

An Elelctro motor has a housing 2 to accommodate the entire Rotor 3 and a bearing plate 4, which is provided for connection to the housing 2. The end of the case 2 is designed to accommodate bearings 5 of the rotor shaft 6 of the electric motor, while the end shield 4 the second bearing 7 of this shaft 6 holds.

According to the invention, the carrier of the carbon brushes 8 of this motor is formed from one piece of insulating material, which is clamped between the housing 2 and the end shield of the second bearing 7, the connection of the end shield and the housing by further to be described elastic means is made.

In a first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the carrier or holder of the brushes 8 is provided with the reference numeral 9, while in a further embodiment according to FIGS. 3 to 7 this part is provided with the reference numeral 11.

Regardless of the particular embodiment, the brush holder part 9 or 11 has two channels 12 with a rectangular or square cross-section and extends relative to Axis of the shaft 6 of the motor in the radial direction, each channel 12 for receiving one of the brushes 8 is provided ^ to whose leadership he serves.

In order to facilitate the production of this part from cast or injectable material, the channels 12 are to the side of the bearing plate 4 open and its conclusion is formed by a closure plate 13 made of insulating material, the within a cylindrical rib 14 or the like. Web can be used, which rib 14 on the outer edge of the brush 8 carrying Parts 9 and 11 is arranged. This rib 14 does not increase only the rigidity of the part 9 or 11, but also causes a seal of its inner recesses.

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^. 283.960Q

In the two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing the closure plate 13 is formed by an intermediate plate, which is made of metal between the Bearing plate 4 and the brush holders 9 or 11 is inserted.

It is easy to see that the end shield 4, provided that it is made of insulating material itself, also the role the closure plate 13 can form.

As FIGS. 1 and 4 show, one of the side walls of each channel 12 has an elongated slot 15 as a passage for the pigtail 16 of the respective brush 8. This arrangement enables the aforementioned pigtail to be adjusted transversely in the course of wear and tear, corresponding to the advance of the brush 8 in its channel 12.

As the same figures also show, the channels are 12 open at their ends and their ends located on the outer region of the parts 9 and 11, i.e. those of the collector 17 of the motor remote ends are by a plug 18 or the like. Closure completed, which two elastic wings 19 or the like. which, for example, engage or snap into slots 21 in the side walls of the channel 12 in the manner of a bar. Furthermore, each plug 18 carries at its end facing the collector 17 a guide pin 22 which is in the axis of the Channel 12 is arranged and is used to center and guide the coil spring 23, which belongs to the brush 8 and the The necessary pressing force of this brush 8 against the collector 17 is generated.

According to a further feature of the invention, the part 9 or 11 carries cable guides that the connections 25 without play can accommodate which the electrical connection between the connecting cables 26 and the connecting strands 16 of the brushes produce. The opening of these channels 24 is through the closure plate or the cover 13 secured, which also causes the mechanical retention of the ends of the cables 26.

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In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, it is an open motor, that is, by a natural air circulation is cooled.

Openings must therefore be provided to allow air to circulate enable. For this purpose, the brush holder 9 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 carries on the one facing the housing 2 Side support legs 27 or the like. That the connection between the housing 2 and the part 9 produce. The essential parts of the engine are connected by leaf springs 28 in Form of brackets made, one end of which has openings 29 are suspended in the outer area of the end shield 4 and the other end of which engages behind a fastening flange 31, which the free edge of the housing 2 in a right angle to the axis lying plane forms.

In order to achieve the best possible retention of the clamps 28 and to prevent unwanted loosening of these brackets, the diameter of the bearing plate 4 or the like. End plate less than that of the flange 31, which, despite the arrangement of the flange 31 at right angles to its axis, results in an extension or elongation of the clip 28 as it is attached and withdrawn. The bracket is in the functional position namely somewhat obliquely to the flange 31, so that the rear side of the flange relative to the bracket itself has an undercut forms.

In a preferred embodiment, each support leg 27 has a U-shaped cross section and is open to the outside, wherein the ends of the U-legs are supported against the flange 31. As the drawing shows, the openings 29 are advantageously arranged in accordance with the support legs 27, in such a way that the clamps 28 between the U-legs of said support legs 27 can be attached.

To the centering of the brush holder part 9 relative to the

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To achieve housing 2, each support leg 27, the number of which is at least three, a central part or the like. which is provided with an extension or with a projection 32 which -in the opening of the housing 2 in a form-fitting manner can intervene.

In this embodiment, the bearing cover is centered or bearing plate 4 relative to the brush holder 9 by axially arranged tabs 33, which by a cylindrical Rib 14 are worn and engage in the aforementioned openings (openings.

The correct angular position of the brush holder part 9 relative to the housing 2 is in the exemplary embodiment according to the figures 1 and 2 ensured by a projection or a nose 34 which is arranged at the end of one of the support legs 27 and is provided for engagement in a slot 35 in the flange 31.

As FIGS. 1 and 2 also show, are for fastening of the motor on a bracket at its end corresponding to the end shield 4 to facilitate this attachment on the Eürstenträgsteil 9 wells or the like. Receivers 30 are provided that hold the screw heads or nuts and at the same time secure against twisting »

Figures 3 to 7 represent an electric motor according to the present invention Invention in a closed construction. In this embodiment, the brush holder part 11 is accordingly direct attached to the flange 31 of the housing 2. In this case there is the projection 34 for the adjustment the correct angular position of the brush holder part 11 relative to the housing 2 directly on the part 11.

To the attachment of the brush holder part in this embodiment 11, the closure cover 13 and the bearing plate 4

/ 11

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To allow on the housing 2, the end shield 4 has tabs 36 which extend parallel to its axis and to attack the outside of the housing 2 after they have traversed slots 37, 38 and 39 which are on the periphery or on the outer contour on the one hand of the closure plate B of the brush holder part 11 and on the other hand on the flange 31 of the GE housing 2 are provided.

Each tab 36 has one radially outward at its free end A spring ring 42 is bent extension 41 in such a way that it is sufficient for the fastening of the aforementioned parts or the like. between the flange 31 of the housing 2 and the aforementioned Extension 41 of the tabs 36 to be inserted. It is easy to see that the elasticity of the spring ring 42, which the endeavor to reduce its diameter has an axial force on the bearing plate 4 as a result of the oblique bending of the extensions 41 of the tabs 36 exerts, as a result of which it is held and fastened against the housing 2.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, the tabs 36 and their respective protrusions are used to reduce the external dimensions

41 and accordingly to reduce the outside diameter of the flange 31, the slots cut in the latter are elongated in the housing 2 in such a way that the tabs 36 are received therefrom can be. The centering of the brush holder part relative to the housing 2 is cylindrical Rib 43 ensured, which engages in the opening of the housing.

In order to avoid that the opening 42a of the elastic ring

42 coincides with one end 41 of a tab 36, which would reduce the good holding of the cover or shield 4, is the projection or the nose 34 for the angular positioning of the brush holder 11 extended in the form that its end in the aforementioned opening 42a engages.

Finally, in the embodiment according to FIGS

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7 it is also provided that each brush 8 is pressed against the collector 17 by a spiral spring 44. To the attachment To enable these springs 44 are slotted pins 45 on the brush holder part 11 as anchoring of these springs 44 provided.

All in the description, claims and drawing
Features and construction details shown can be of major importance both individually and in any combination.

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Claims (27)

Expectations ( 1.! Electric motor with a preferably cylindrical housing V / oddgl. inside a bearing for the rotor shaft of the Motor is arranged, and with a housing closing bearing cover or shield or the like. In which the second bearing of the rotor shaft is arranged, the connection of the end shield to the housing in particular by means of elastic elements are made, which create a constant connection pressure between these two parts, and further means are provided to adjust the coaxial position of the housing and the brush holder of the motor to each other, characterized in that the brush holder or holder (9; 11) consists of one piece of insulating material and a connection between the housing (2) or the like. and the end shield (4) or the like. forms, on the one hand means for fastening the brush holder (9; 11) in the correct angular position relative to the housing (2) and, on the other hand, means for a coaxial or centered arrangement of the second bearing (7) bearing end shield (4) in relation to the brush holder (9; 11) and the housing (2) are provided. 2. Electric motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the brush holder (9; 11) has radial channels (12), the Cross-section that corresponds to the brush (8). 909 8 12/0978 / 2 3. Electric motor according to claim 2, characterized in that that on the brush holder (9; 11) a closure plate (13) or the like. made of insulating material is attached and the channels (12) are open to the side of this closure plate (13). 4. Electric motor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that that the side wall of each channel (12), which is the passage of the pigtail (16) corresponds to the brush (8) which is guided through this channel (12), a slot (15) or the like. Has breakthrough, the length of which corresponds to the length of wear of the brush (8). 5. Electric motor according to one or more of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide channels (12) of the brushes (8) are open at their ends and its end corresponding to the outer contour of the brush holder (9; 11) through a stopper (18) or the like. locked which is provided with elastic snap-in means, e.g. wings or ribs, which are inserted into slots (21) od. Like. Recesses of the side walls of the channels (12) fit and are provided for engaging in these slots. 6. Electric motor according to claim 5, characterized in that each plug (18) or the like. a guide channel (12) of the brush holder (9; 11) means for centering and guiding has a spring (23) acting on the brush (8). 7. Electric motor according to claim 6, characterized in that the centering and guide element on the brush (8) acting spring (23) a guide pin (22) is provided which is coaxial at the inner end of the plug (18) protrudes to this. 909812/0976 _ 3 _ 283.960Q 8. Electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing plate (4) or the like carrying the second bearing (7). made of insulating material exists and forms the closure plate of the brush holder (9; 11). 9. Electric motor according to one or more of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bearing plate (4) is made of metal or another conductive material consists and the closure plate (13) consists of an inserted piece of insulating material, which is arranged between the end shield and the brush holder. 10. Electric motor according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the brush holder for its correct angular position relative to the Housing (2) a projection (34) or the like. and the fastening flange (31) of the housing (2) has a recess (35) has for receiving this projection. 11. Electric motor according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the brush holder projections for interacting with corresponding openings both in the closure plate and in the bearing plate to secure their coaxial position having. 12. Electric motor according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the brush holder has an annular reinforcing rib (14) or the like. to work together with the closure plate (13) has to its strength and a tight seal of its interior to secure. 909812/0976 / 4 13. Motor according to claim 12, characterized in that the rib (14) or the like. is arranged such that it or the like for centering the bearing plate (4). Cover serves against the brush holder. 14. Electric motor according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that when the motor is attached to a bracket in the area its bearing shield (4) the brush holder indentations (30) or the like. Has receptacles for the heads or nuts of the fastening screws (40), these Recordings (30) are preferably profiled in such a way that they form an anti-twist device. 15. Electric motor according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the brush holder Channels or the like. has openings (24), which the connection points (25) for the electrical connection between the supply cables (26) and the connecting strands (16) of the Brushes (8) vzw. record free of play. 16. Electric motor according to claim 15, characterized in that that the depth of the openings (24) or the like. is chosen so that their closure by the closure plate (13) belonging to the brush holder or the like. Lid is formed. 17. Electric motor with openings for air cooling one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the brush holder (9) on its Housing (2) facing contact surface at least three support beams (27). as a connection between it and the housing having. 909812 / 0-976 18. Electric motor according to claim 17, characterized in that that the housing (2) has a flange (31) at right angles to its axis, that the bearing plate (4) or the like. has openings in its edge region and that the elastic connecting means for connecting the end shield (4) are formed with the housing (2) by clips made of resilient strips, one end of which into the openings (29) engages and its other end on the flange (31) of the housing (2) engages. 19. Electric motor according to claim 18, characterized in that that the diameter of the bearing plate (4) is smaller than that of the flange (31) of the housing (2). 20. Electric motor according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized characterized in that the support legs (27) or the like. have an outwardly open U-cross section, wherein the free ends of the legs preferably on the flange (31) of the housing (2) are supported and the central area is an extension (32) for form-fitting or matching Engaging in the opening of the housing (2) as a centering of the brush holder part (9) relative to the housing (2). 21. Electric motor according to claim 18, characterized in that that provided in the outer area of the brush holder part (9) for hooking the elastic clips (28) Openings (2 9) coincide in their position with the support legs (27) in such a way that each clamp (28) inside a leg (27) is arranged. 22. Electric motor according to one or more of claims 10 to 21, characterized in that the projection (34) for the adjustment of the angular position between the brush holder (9; 11) and the housing (2) at the free end of one of the Support legs (27) is provided. 909812/0978 23. Electric motor in. Closed construction according to one or several of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the bearing plate (4) has tabs in its outer area (36) which extends along the open end of the housing (2) through slots (37,38) provided in the edge of the closure plate (13), the edge of the brush holder part (11) and in the flange (31) of the housing (2) , ^l 39) extend that the elastic connecting means are formed by a spring ring which is inserted between the rear side of the flange (31) and the radially outwardly bent ends (41) of the tabs (36), the centering of the brush holder part (11 ) is formed relative to the housing (2) by a cylindrical rib (43) which engages in the opening of the housing (2). 24. Electric motor according to claim 23, characterized in that the .Ausnehmungen (39) provided in the flange (31) in the housing (2) are elongated and almost completely absorb the tabs (36). 25. Electric motor according to one or more of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that for the pressure of the brushes (8) against the collector (17) spiral springs (44) are provided and that the brush holder part (11) is slotted Has pins (45) for anchoring these springs. 26. Electric motor according to one or more of claims 10 to 25, characterized in that the projection (34) for the angle adjustment of the brush holder part (11) is directly is arranged on the contact surface facing the flange (31) of the housing (2). 27. Electric motor according to claim 26, characterized in that the projection (34) is an extension for the engagement into the opening (42a) of the ring (42) also for its angle adjustment having. 909812/0976