EP0488882B1 - Regelungsvorrichtung für die, von einem Wechselstromgenerator abgegebene, Batteriespannung - Google Patents

Regelungsvorrichtung für die, von einem Wechselstromgenerator abgegebene, Batteriespannung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0488882B1
EP0488882B1 EP91403197A EP91403197A EP0488882B1 EP 0488882 B1 EP0488882 B1 EP 0488882B1 EP 91403197 A EP91403197 A EP 91403197A EP 91403197 A EP91403197 A EP 91403197A EP 0488882 B1 EP0488882 B1 EP 0488882B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
acting
voltage
peaks
values
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91403197A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0488882A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marie Pierret
Didier Canitrot
Alessio Pennisi
Fabio Marchio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
STMicroelectronics SRL
Original Assignee
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
SGS Thomson Microelectronics SRL
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
    • H02J7/24—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02J7/243—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with on/off action

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a regulating device for charging a battery by an alternator delivering a rectified voltage comprising a ripple component.
  • the regulation on average value is in service normally to ensure the charge of the battery under a voltage as regular as possible and for example close to 14.5 volts.
  • the peak value regulator takes precedence over the medium value regulator to lower the excitation current and lowering the amplitude of the ripple component of the voltage. This avoids the risk of destroying the clipping diodes conventionally provided in the rectifier stage at the output of the alternator. Reference is made to the aforementioned patent application for more details regarding these phenomena.
  • such a regulation circuit takes power directly from the rectified alternator output voltage, using an appropriate stabilization stage.
  • the supply voltage is conventionally stabilized at around 5 to 6 volts.
  • a drawback of this known circuit lies in that, in the event that the rectified alternator voltage comes to assume peak values excessively low negative, and in particular below the aforementioned supply voltage, then this supply voltage becomes faulty and the general operation of the regulator is seriously disturbed.
  • the present invention aims to overcome this drawback and to propose a device of the type mentioned in the introduction which is also capable of avoiding this type of failure.
  • a more particular object of the invention is to achieve this result in an extremely simple and economical manner.
  • the present invention relates to a regulating device for charging a battery by an alternator delivering a rectified voltage comprising a ripple component, of the type comprising a regulation circuit on the average value of the rectified alternator voltage (B +) as well as a regulation circuit on the voltage value of the positive peaks of the ripple component, said regulation circuits being supplied by a stabilized voltage derived from said rectified alternator voltage, as well as a circuit power for controlling the excitation current of the alternator, characterized in that it further comprises a regulation circuit on the value of the negative peaks of the ripple component and also supplied by said stabilized voltage and capable of causing a reduction in said excitation current when the voltage of said negative peaks falls below a determined threshold.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown as a whole a device for regulating the alternator voltage rectified in order to provide a correct charge voltage to the battery of the electric circuit of a motor vehicle.
  • This circuit firstly comprises a power supply module 10 which derives from the rectified output voltage, denoted B +, from the alternator, an appropriate stabilized voltage, for example of + 5 volts.
  • a medium value regulation module designated by the reference 12, receives on an input the voltage to be regulated B +, and its output is connected to the first input of a logic gate P1 (NOR gate), the output of which is connected to the input of a power stage 14 of the device.
  • This stage is connected to the inductor winding, denoted Le, of the alternator, in parallel with which a freewheeling diode Drl is conventionally provided.
  • stages 12 and 14 are of known design, as described for example in the French patent application cited in the introduction, and will not be described in more detail at this stage.
  • a detection circuit on peak values comprises a stage 161 for detecting positive peaks, receiving at its input the voltage B + and delivering as output pulse signals from regulation, as will be seen in detail below.
  • Floor 161 is followed by a floor of filtering 162 whose output is connected to a first input of a logic gate P2 (NOR gate).
  • the circuit 16 further comprises a negative peak detection stage denoted 163, the output of which attacks a filter 164.
  • the output of the filter 164 is connected to the second input of the gate P2.
  • gate P2 is connected to the input of a timing circuit 165, the output of which delivers logic control signals which are applied to the second input of gate P1.
  • the circuit 161 for detecting positive peaks, the filter 162 and the time delay 165 are, on a purely functional level, generally equivalent to the regulation circuit on positive peaks as described in detail in the aforementioned patent application. It may be recalled that the purpose of such a circuit is to signal the positive peaks of the voltage B + which are greater than a given threshold value, denoted Vsup and for example of 19 volts, the detection signal (in the form of high logic signals and low) then being filtered so as to take into account only the peaks of the ripple component of the rectified alternator voltage; in particular by avoiding reacting to low energy parasitic pulses which may appear in voltage B +.
  • the power circuit is controlled, in this case via P1 and P2, to lower the excitation current of the alternator and thus lower both the mean value of the potential B + and the peak voltage of positive peaks.
  • the object of such detection is to avoid working in excessively difficult conditions the clipping diodes which form part of the rectifier circuit (not shown) provided between the output of the alternator and the regulating device.
  • the purpose of the detection circuit on the negative peaks further provided is to signal the negative peaks which come to descend beyond a predetermined lower limit (Vinf threshold), in order to avoid disturbing the voltage. stabilized power supply of the device, as described above.
  • Vinf threshold a predetermined lower limit
  • the purpose of the filter 164 is to avoid signaling crossing of the Vinf threshold due to parasitic pulses of low energy in the voltage B +.
  • the power circuit is controlled so as also to decrease the excitation current in order to rapidly decrease the amplitude of the ripple component of the voltage B +. It should be noted here that this reduction in amplitude is preponderant compared to the reduction in the average voltage which is also induced, so that there is a sufficiently large rise in the peak voltage of the negative peaks.
  • a lower voltage threshold is fixed for negative peaks at around 8 volts, which leaves a good margin of safety.
  • the timing circuit 165 of the peak regulation device makes it possible to store the logic output signals of the gate P2 for a determined duration, for example around 2 milliseconds.
  • the purpose of such a delay is, by memorizing the logic detection signals for a duration at least equal to the time interval which separates two successive peaks, to avoid any catching phenomenon on the frequency of the ripple component of voltage B +, by delivering at the gate P1 a slot capable of lowering the excitation current for a significant duration.
  • the rectified alternator voltage B + is applied to a first terminal of a resistor R0, the second terminal of which is connected on the one hand to the base of a transistor T1 and on the other hand to the cathode of a zener diode Z0 .
  • the anode of Z0 is connected to ground via a diode D0 mounted in the passing direction.
  • the collector of T1 is connected to the voltage B +, while its emitter constitutes a stabilized voltage source whose value is determined by the value of the zener diode Z0 and is for example 5 or 6 volts.
  • a divider bridge constituted by three resistors R1, R2, R3 in series, the resistor R2 being able to be adjustable.
  • a reference voltage Vref setting the regulation threshold on average value of B +, is applied to the non-inverting input of a differential amplifier A1 mounted as a buffer amplifier, the output of which is connected to the non-inverting input of A2 via a resistor R5.
  • the output of A1 is also connected to a first terminal of a resistor R6, the second terminal of which is connected, on the one hand, to the inverting input of A2 via a resistor R7, and on the other hand to the output of A2 via a resistor R8.
  • the output of A1 is also connected to the inverting input of a third differential amplifier A3 whose non-inverting input is directly attacked by the output of A2.
  • the output of A3 attacks a timer circuit M1, articulated around a counting circuit CT1 and a NOR gate P3 receiving a clock signal developed by appropriate means (not shown).
  • the output of the circuit M1 is connected to a first input of the NOR gate P1, the output of which is connected to the power stage S of the regulator, schematically represented as known per se, and built around one or more appropriate power transistors.
  • the output of this stage 14 is connected to a first terminal of the excitation winding Le of the alternator and to the cathode of the freewheeling diode Drl in parallel, the second terminals of the winding and the diode being connected to ground. Finally, a resistor R9 connects the output of P1 to the common point between the resistors R2 and R3.
  • the peak detection circuit includes an NPN transistor T5, the collector of which is connected to the + 5V line by a resistor R10.
  • the base of T5 is connected to a first terminal of a resistor R11, and its transmitter is connected directly to ground.
  • the collector of T5 is also connected to the anode of a diode D1, the cathode of which is connected to the base of an NPN transistor T2.
  • the base of T2 is also connected via a resistor R12 to the point in common between a series arrangement of three zener diodes Z1, Z2, Z3 and a resistor R13.
  • the other terminal of the series assembly Z1, Z2, Z3 is connected to the potential B +, while the other terminal of R13 is connected to the ground.
  • the T2 collector is connected to the + 5V line via a resistor R14, while its transmitter is connected directly to ground. It is understood that in series mounting of several zener diodes can be substituted a single zener diode.
  • the collector of T2 is also connected to the base of an NPN transistor T3 whose emitter is grounded and whose collector resistor R15 connects the collector to the + 5V line.
  • the collector of T3 is connected to a first terminal of a resistor R16 whose second terminal is connected to the input of a timer circuit M2 described in detail below.
  • the potential B + is also applied to a first terminal of a resistor R17, the second terminal of which is connected to the cathode of a zener diode Z4.
  • the anode of Z4 is connected via a resistor R18 to the base of an NPN transistor T4 and via a resistor R19 to ground.
  • the common point between R18, R19 and Z4 is connected to the second terminal of the aforementioned resistor R11.
  • the transmitter of T4 is grounded, while it is provided with a collector resistor R20 connected to the + 5V line.
  • the collector of T4 is also connected to the anode of a diode D2 whose cathode is connected to the input of the circuit M2.
  • a capacitor C2 is mounted between the + 5V line and the input of the circuit M2, while a diode D3 is mounted in reverse between the ground and said input of the circuit M2.
  • the circuit M2 is articulated around a counting circuit CT2 and a NOR gate P4 receiving a clock signal.
  • the circuit M2 is associated with a NOR gate P5, a first input of which is connected to the output of CT2 and a second input of which is connected to the collector of T4.
  • the output of P5, which constitutes the output of the timing circuit M2, is connected to the second input of the aforementioned gate P1.
  • the input Vref and the amplifier A1 constitute the reference voltage circuit.
  • the active filter used to obtain the average value of B + is articulated around A2, while A3 acts as a comparator between the average value and the reference voltage Vref.
  • the timing circuit M1 makes it possible to give the slots applied to P1 a width sufficient to significantly influence the excitation current, avoiding any snagging on the frequency of the component. ripple of B +. As an example, we can set a time delay of the order of 2 milliseconds.
  • the resistance R9 is a feedback which, by selectively bringing an offset to the fraction of the potential B + obtained by the resistors R1, R2 and R3 as a function of the output state of M1, makes it possible to increase the frequency of regulation when the alternator flow rate is close to its maximum value, so as not to fall into very low frequencies at which the fluctuations of the B + potential could be perceptible and annoying.
  • the transistor T1 delivers to the + 5V lines the stabilized positive power necessary for the operation of the circuits, as explained above.
  • the positive peak detector is here articulated around the transistor T2 and the three zener diodes Z1, Z2, Z3, while the negative peak detector is articulated on the transistor T4 and the zener diode Z4.
  • the logic gate P2 described above with reference to FIG. 1 is constituted by the transistor T3 and the diode D2.
  • the two filters 162 and 164 described above with reference to FIG. 1 are here constituted by a single filter constituted by the capacitor C2 and the resistors R20 and R16. Such a solution saves a capacitor, thereby lowering the cost price.
  • the filter is placed directly at the input of the timer circuit M2.
  • This timing circuit includes, as indicated, a counting circuit CT2. Its purpose is to memorize the logic signals supplied by the positive and negative peak detectors for a period equal to or greater than that which separates two successive peaks, so as to deliver a niche signal of sufficient duration to act effectively on the excitation current, avoiding any hooking on the frequency of the ripple component of B +.
  • the duration of the slots issued is chosen to be of the order of 2 milliseconds.
  • T4 is on and does not act on the input of M2, the diode D2 being kept blocked.
  • T3 when a negative peak appears below the threshold set by Z4, the transistor T3 would normally be on, as described above, and would therefore tend to impede the discharge of C2 by connecting it via R16 to ground.
  • the stage based on the transistor T5 has the effect of avoiding this phenomenon. More precisely, T5 is blocked at the same time as T4, which has the effect of rendering T2 passing and T3 blocked. It is therefore avoided that, during the detection of a negative peak, T3 thwarts the discharge of C2, to allow reaching the high logic level at the input of the circuit M2 at the end of a determined duration for the essential by the time constant R20 * C2.
  • the logic signals supplied by the detectors on positive peaks and on negative peaks, respectively, are combined in the manner of a logical OR gate (equivalent to the gate P2 of FIG. 1), using T3- R16 and T4-D2, at the input of the timer circuit M2.
  • the signal is of low level if the positive peaks are below the upper threshold Vsup and simultaneously if the negative peaks are beyond the lower threshold Vinf, and it goes to high level as soon as one of these thresholds is crossed. This has the effect of positioning the output of CT2 low for the duration of the time delay.
  • the detection of a negative peak blocks T4 for a negligible time compared to the time delay, so that we can consider in the T4 practice as always being in the passing state. Under these conditions, P5 acts only as an inverter of the logic output levels of CT2.
  • the application of a high logic signal of predetermined duration to the second input of the gate P1 has the effect of forcing the output of this gate to the low level, independently of the state of its first input (which determines the regulation on average value), thus opening the power circuit in which the excitation winding of the alternator is included and lowering the excitation current.
  • the gate P5 of the circuit M2 was first of all a logic adaptation circuit which reverses the logic levels generated between the output of the counter CT2 and the second input of the gate P1.
  • Another object of this door P5 is to cancel the action of the regulation circuit on peak values, which would block the power stage of the regulator if the vehicle battery were to be discharged. More precisely, when the battery voltage is permanently below the low peak regulation threshold, in this case 8 volts, T4 is permanently blocked and a high logic level is applied to the second input of P5. This has the effect of not applying to the gate P1 and to the power circuit the signals which would normally lower the excitation current. This avoids disturbing the operation of the circuit when the battery is discharged.
  • the regulating device of the present invention can be used indifferently in single-function regulators and in multifunction regulators, and those skilled in the art will of course know how to make the necessary adaptations.

Claims (10)

  1. Regelungsvorrichtung für die Ladung einer Batterie durch einen Wechselstromgenerator, der eine gleichgerichtete Spannung mit einer Wellenkomponente abgibt, in der Ausführung mit einer Regelschaltung (12) für die Regelung nach dem Mittelwert der gleichgerichteten Generatorspannung (B+) sowie mit einer Regelschaltung (161) für die Regelung nach dem Spannungswert der positiven Spitzen der Wellenkomponente, wobei die genannten Regelschaltungen durch eine von der gleichgerichteten Generatorspannung abgeleitete stabilisierte Spannung gespeist werden, sowie mit einer Leistungsschaltung (14) für die Steuerung des Erregerstroms des Wechselstromgenerators, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außerdem eine Regelschaltung (163, 164) für die Regelung nach dem Wert der negativen Spitzen der Wellenkomponente umfaßt, die ebenfalls durch die stabilisierte Spannung gespeist wird und in der Lage ist, eine Verringerung des Erregerstroms zu bewirken, wenn die Spannung der negativen Spitzen unter einen bestimmten Schwellenwert absinkt.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regelschaltung nach dem Wert der negativen Spitzen eine Erfassungsschaltung (163) und ein Filter (164; C2, R16, R20) umfaßt.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Filter (C2, R16, R20) der Regelschaltung nach dem Wert der negativen Spitzen und der Regelschaltung nach dem Wert der positiven Spitzen gemeinsam ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie am Ausgang der Regelschaltung nach dem Wert der negativen Spitzen eine Verzögerungsschaltung (M2; CT2, P4) umfaßt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Mittel (P2; T3, T4, D2) umfaßt, um logische Signale, die von der Regelschaltung nach dem Wert der negativen Spitzen und der Regelschaltung nach dem Wert der positiven Spitzen geliefert werden, vor der Verzögerungsschaltung (M2) zu verknüpfen.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regelschaltung nach den positiven Spitzen und die Regelschaltung nach den negativen Spitzen jeweils eine Erfassungsstufe (161, 163) enthalten, die einen Transistor (T2; T4) umfaßt, dessen Basis über mindestens eine Zenerdiode (Z1-Z3; Z4) die gleichgerichtete Generatorspannung empfängt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Logikgatter (P1) enthält, das die logischen Signale zur Regelung nach dem Mittelwert und die verknüpften logischen Signale zur Regelung nach den Wert der positiven und negativen Spitzen verknüpft.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verzögerungsschaltung (M2) eine Zählschaltung (CT2) umfaßt.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regelschaltung nach dem Wert der negativen Spitzen ein Mittel (P5) umfaßt, um ihre Wirkung zu sperren, wenn die gleichgerichtete Generatorspannung aufgrund der Entladung der Batterie ständig diesseits eines bestimmten Schwellenwerts liegt.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 in Verbindung mit Anspruch 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Sperrmittel ein Gatter (P5) umfaßt, dessen erster Eingang ein Erfassungssignal am Ausgang der Verzögerungsschaltung (M2) empfängt und dessen zweiter Eingang ein Erfassungssignal am Eingang der Verzögerungsschaltung empfängt.
EP91403197A 1990-11-27 1991-11-26 Regelungsvorrichtung für die, von einem Wechselstromgenerator abgegebene, Batteriespannung Expired - Lifetime EP0488882B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9014790 1990-11-27
FR9014790A FR2669784A1 (fr) 1990-11-27 1990-11-27 Dispositif regulateur de la tension de charge d'une batterie delivree par un alternateur.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0488882A1 EP0488882A1 (de) 1992-06-03
EP0488882B1 true EP0488882B1 (de) 1995-03-15

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EP91403197A Expired - Lifetime EP0488882B1 (de) 1990-11-27 1991-11-26 Regelungsvorrichtung für die, von einem Wechselstromgenerator abgegebene, Batteriespannung

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Country Link
US (1) US5221886A (de)
EP (1) EP0488882B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3220199B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69108188T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2071953T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2669784A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU7143101A (en) 2000-06-26 2002-01-08 Snap On Tech Inc Alternator testing method and system using ripple detection
JP3846336B2 (ja) * 2001-06-07 2006-11-15 株式会社デンソー 車両用交流発電機の異常検出装置
FR3035284B1 (fr) * 2015-04-20 2018-11-09 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Regulateur de tension d'un alternateur de vehicule automobile, porte-balais regulateur et alternateurs correspondants

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU613473A1 (ru) * 1975-07-31 1978-06-30 Barkan Yakov D Устройство дл ограничени возбуждени синхронного генератора
DE2809712C2 (de) * 1978-03-07 1985-03-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Batterieladesystem, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
US4360773A (en) * 1979-06-18 1982-11-23 General Motors Corporation Generator voltage regulator
US4316134A (en) * 1980-04-04 1982-02-16 Motorola, Inc. Fault indicating circuit for an automotive alternator battery charging system
US4342955A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-08-03 Gant Leroy A Voltage regulator for a fixed field A.C. generator
US4335344A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-06-15 Gant Leroy A Voltage regulator for a controlled field generator
US4559487A (en) * 1984-09-07 1985-12-17 Sundstrand Corporation Voltage regulator with independent peak and average voltage sensing
US4636706A (en) * 1985-09-12 1987-01-13 General Motors Corporation Generator voltage regulating system
JPH079570Y2 (ja) * 1987-02-26 1995-03-06 三菱電機株式会社 車両用交流発電機の制御装置
DE68905509T2 (de) * 1988-02-23 1993-07-01 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Mehrfunktionsregeleinrichtung mit taktsynchronwechselstromerzeuger.
JP2576961B2 (ja) * 1988-11-07 1997-01-29 株式会社ゼクセル 発電機の制御装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0488882A1 (de) 1992-06-03
JP3220199B2 (ja) 2001-10-22
DE69108188D1 (de) 1995-04-20
JPH06141486A (ja) 1994-05-20
US5221886A (en) 1993-06-22
DE69108188T2 (de) 1995-07-20
ES2071953T3 (es) 1995-07-01
FR2669784A1 (fr) 1992-05-29
FR2669784B1 (de) 1993-02-26

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