EP0484736B1 - Combustibles pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle - Google Patents

Combustibles pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484736B1
EP0484736B1 EP91118032A EP91118032A EP0484736B1 EP 0484736 B1 EP0484736 B1 EP 0484736B1 EP 91118032 A EP91118032 A EP 91118032A EP 91118032 A EP91118032 A EP 91118032A EP 0484736 B1 EP0484736 B1 EP 0484736B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuels
hydrogen
detergent
ethylenediamine
dispersant
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP91118032A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0484736A1 (fr
Inventor
Knut Dr. Oppenlaender
Juergen Dr. Mohr
Roland Dr. Schwen
Juergen Dr. Thomas
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuels for gasoline engines that contain small amounts of a mixture of a detergent and a mono- or dialkoxylated polyisobutylamine.
  • Carburetor and intake system of gasoline engines are increasingly contaminated by contaminants that are caused by dust particles from the air, unburned hydrocarbon residues from the combustion chamber and the crankcase ventilation gases passed into the carburetor.
  • the first additive generation could only prevent the formation of deposits in the intake system, but not remove existing deposits in the intake system, whereas the modern additives of the second generation can do both (“keep-clean” and clean-up effect ”) and indeed, due to changed thermal properties, in particular also at zones of high temperatures, namely at the inlet valves.
  • US-A 3 960 515 relates to fuels which contain two amines based on polyolefins.
  • the amines are prepared by reacting the corresponding polyolefin halides with amines or polyamines.
  • Their molecular weight is 300 to 600 or 1900 to 5000.
  • GB-A 1 083 610 teaches amines as fuel additives which are obtained by reacting polyolefin halides with amines. Due to the manufacturing process, the products according to the two publications have the disadvantage of containing small amounts of chloride.
  • any known product suitable for this purpose can be used as a detergent component in the mixture with the dispersant according to the invention, such as those e.g. with J. Falbe, U. Hasserodt, catalysts, surfactants and mineral oil additives, G. Thieme Verlag Stuttgart 1978, p. 221 f. or in K. Owen, Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Additives, John Wiley & Sons 1989, pp. 23 ff.
  • Polyisobutylamines according to EP 0 244 616, ethylenediamine acetic acid amides and / or imides according to EP 0 188 786 or polyether amines according to EP 0 356 725 are preferably used, reference being made to the definitions in these references. Due to the manufacturing process, the products described there have the additional advantage of being almost free of chlorine or chloride.
  • the detergents mentioned mostly show excellent effectiveness in valve and carburetor cleanliness, but, as already mentioned above, are at best neutral, i.e. without an adverse effect on an engine lubricant, so show no positive effect with regard to a desired sludge dispersion.
  • fuels for gasoline engines are used in addition to 50 to 5000 ppm (A) said detergents (B) 50 to 5000 ppm polyisobutylamine derivatives, preferably 50 to 2000 ppm, of formula I. added in which R is a polyisobutyl radical with a molecular weight of 800 to 1500, R1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and m the numbers 0 or 1 means.
  • the ratio of (A) to (B) is usually 1: 2 to 10: 1.
  • polyisobutylamines preferably obtained by hydroformylation and subsequent reductive amination of reactive polyisobutenes according to EP-A2-0 244 616, to which reference is hereby made, are reacted with alkylene oxides in a manner known per se.
  • the polyisobutene used has a molecular weight of 800 to 1500. It is obtained by known methods by cationic polymerization of isobutene, with a reactive double bond remaining in the monomer last incorporated after the polymer chain has been broken off, which double bond can be used for the purpose of further functionalization.
  • the mono- or dialkoxylation is carried out by reacting the amine with alkylene oxides, preferably with ethylene oxide, in a manner known per se, in which, for example, reacting the amine in the presence of a certain proportion of water in a pressure vessel with the approx. 1 to 5 times molar amount of alkylene oxide, e.g. at S.P. McManus et al., Synth. Commun. 3, 177 (1973).
  • alkylene oxides preferably with ethylene oxide
  • the alkoxylation products of the formula I in addition to their known valve cleaning action, have a particularly positive effect on the sludge-carrying capacity of weakly or not at all additive engine oils, especially when ethylene oxide is used as the alkylene oxide.
  • Leaded and unleaded regular and premium gasoline can be used as fuels for gasoline engines.
  • the gasolines can also contain components other than hydrocarbons, e.g. Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, tert. Butanol and ether, e.g. Contain methyl tertiary butyl ether.
  • the fuels generally also contain additives such as corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers, antioxidants and / or other detergents.
  • Corrosion inhibitors are mostly ammonium salts org. Carboxylic acids which tend to form films due to the corresponding structure of the starting compounds. Amines to lower the pH are also often found in corrosion inhibitors. Heterocyclic aromatics are mostly used as non-ferrous metal corrosion protection.
  • the table shows the advantageous effect of the polyisobutyl ethoxylate to be used according to the invention in comparison with the starting polyisobutylamine.
  • the dispersing properties of the ethoxylate make it possible to raise the mean value from the rating of the individual engine parts from 8.4 to 9.4 (max. 10).
  • the use of polyisobutylamine does not lead to an improvement compared to the basic value.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Carburants pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle, contenant 50 à 5000 ppm de chacun
    (A) d'un détergent pour carburant et
    (B) d'un dispersant de formule générale I
    Figure imgb0007
        dans laquelle R représente un reste polylsobutyle ayant un poids moléculaire de 800 à 1500, R¹ représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un reste méthyle ou éthyle, m est mis pour le nombre 0 ou 1,
    qui est préparé par hydroformylation d'un polyisobutène R', amination hydrogénante et réaction avec de l'oxyde d'éthylène, de l'oxyde de propylène ou de l'oxyde de butylène en présence d'eau, R' représentant l'oléfine qui est plus pauvre d'un atome d'hydrogène par rapport au reste R.
  2. Carburants selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que le détergent (A) est choisi dans le groupe constitué par les polyisobutylamines, les amides et/ou imides d'acide éthylènediaminetétraacétique, ainsi que les polyétheramines.
  3. Carburants selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent un composé de formule I dans laquelle R¹ représente un atome d'hydrogène.
  4. Carburants selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent d'autres détergents pour carburants, des antigivrants, des inhibiteurs de corrosion et/ou des antioxydants.
  5. Utilisation, dans des carburants pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle, de 50 à 5000 ppm de chacun
    (A) d'un détergent pour carburant et
    (B) d'un dispersant de formule générale I
    Figure imgb0008
        dans laquelle R représente un reste polyisobutyle ayant un poids moléculaire de 800 à 1500, R¹ représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un reste méthyle ou éthyle, m est mis pour le nombre 0 ou 1,
    qui est préparé par hydroformylation d'un polyisobutène R', amination hydrogénante et réaction avec de l'oxyde d'éthylène, de l'oxyde de propylène ou de l'oxyde de butylène en présence d'eau, R' représentant l'oléfine qui est plus pauvre d'un atome d'hydrogène par rapport au reste R.
  6. Utilisation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le détergent (A) est choisi dans le groupe constitué par les polyisobutylamines, les amides et/ou imides d'acide éthylènediaminetétraacétique, ainsi que les polyétheramines.
  7. Utilisation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que les carburants contiennent un composé de formule I dans laquelle R¹ représente un atome d'hydrogène.
  8. Utilisation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que les carburants contiennent d'autres détergents pour carburants, des antigivrants, des inhibiteurs de corrosion et/ou des antioxydants.
EP91118032A 1990-11-09 1991-10-23 Combustibles pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle Expired - Lifetime EP0484736B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4035609 1990-11-09
DE4035609A DE4035609A1 (de) 1990-11-09 1990-11-09 Kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0484736A1 EP0484736A1 (fr) 1992-05-13
EP0484736B1 true EP0484736B1 (fr) 1994-05-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91118032A Expired - Lifetime EP0484736B1 (fr) 1990-11-09 1991-10-23 Combustibles pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0484736B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2054972A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4035609A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2053259T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5567211A (en) * 1995-08-03 1996-10-22 Texaco Inc. Motor fuel detergent additives
CN103992827B (zh) * 2014-05-20 2016-05-18 美孚美斯克（泉州）化工有限公司 一种润滑抗磨节能增加动力的汽油添加剂组合物

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240700B (de) * 1960-10-31 1967-05-18 Eastman Kodak Co Duesentreibstoffe
US3574576A (en) * 1965-08-23 1971-04-13 Chevron Res Distillate fuel compositions having a hydrocarbon substituted alkylene polyamine
US3960515A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-06-01 Chevron Research Company Hydrocarbyl amine additives for distillate fuels
US4247301A (en) * 1978-06-19 1981-01-27 Chevron Research Company Deposit control and dispersant additives
DE3500709A1 (de) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren
DE3611230A1 (de) * 1986-04-04 1987-10-08 Basf Ag Polybutyl- und polyisobutylamine, verfahren zu deren herstellung und diese enthaltende kraft- und schmierstoffzusammensetzungen
DE3700363A1 (de) * 1987-01-08 1988-07-21 Basf Ag Kraft- oder schmierstoffzusammensetzung und verwendung von polybutyl- oder polyisobutylderivaten in denselben
DE3826608A1 (de) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-08 Basf Ag Polyetheramine oder polyetheraminderivate enthaltende kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren
DE3942860A1 (de) * 1989-12-23 1991-06-27 Basf Ag Kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren

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DE4035609A1 (de) 1992-05-14
ES2053259T3 (es) 1994-07-16
EP0484736A1 (fr) 1992-05-13
CA2054972A1 (fr) 1992-05-10
DE59101671D1 (de) 1994-06-23

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