EP0436864B1 - Carburants pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle - Google Patents

Carburants pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436864B1
EP0436864B1 EP90124072A EP90124072A EP0436864B1 EP 0436864 B1 EP0436864 B1 EP 0436864B1 EP 90124072 A EP90124072 A EP 90124072A EP 90124072 A EP90124072 A EP 90124072A EP 0436864 B1 EP0436864 B1 EP 0436864B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
carbon atoms
straight
amides
fuels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90124072A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0436864A1 (fr
Inventor
Knut Dr. Oppenlaender
Brigitte Dr. Wegner
Juergen Dr. Mohr
Roland Dr. Schwen
Klaus Dr. Barthold
Juergen Dr. Thomas
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuels for gasoline engines with small amounts of amides or amidammonium salts from aminoalkylene polycarboxylic acids and secondary long-chain amines.
  • Carburetor and intake system of gasoline engines are increasingly contaminated by contaminants caused by dust particles from the air, unburned hydrocarbon residues from the combustion chamber and the crankcase ventilation gases that are led into the carburetor.
  • the first generation of additives could only prevent the formation of deposits in the intake system, but not remove existing deposits again, whereas the modern additives of the second generation can do both ("keep-clean” and “clean-up effect") and indeed, due to changed thermal properties, in particular also at zones of higher temperatures, namely at the inlet valves.
  • the molecular construction principle of fuel detergents can be generalized as a link between polar structures and mostly higher molecular weight, non-polar or lipophilic residues.
  • No. 2,901,335 discloses amine salts of aminocarboxylic acids which are used in leaded fuels to stabilize the lead compounds.
  • A is a straight-chain or branched alkylene radical having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or the rest of the formula and R essentially denotes straight-chain aliphatic radicals, in particular alkyl radicals having 10 to 30, preferably 14 to 24, carbon atoms, the amide structures also partly in the form of the ammonium salt structure of the formula can be present, is particularly effective with regard to carburetor and valve cleaning.
  • the amides or amide ammonium salts e.g. Nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or propylene-1,2-diaminetetraacetic acid are obtained by reacting the acids with 0.5 to 1.5 mol amine, preferably 0.8 to 1.2 mol amine per carboxyl group.
  • reaction temperatures are about 80 to 200 ° C, with the amides being continuously removed from the water of reaction formed. However, the reaction does not have to be completely led to the amide.
  • Dialkylamines are particularly suitable in which R is a straight-chain alkyl radical having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • Dioleylamine, dipalmitinamine, dicoconut fatty amine and dibehenylamine and preferably ditallow fatty amine may be mentioned in particular.
  • the amides or ammonium salts of the amino alkylene polycarboxylic acids of the formulas I and II to be used according to the invention are added to the fuels in amounts of 50 to 1500 ppm, preferably 50 to 1000 ppm, in particular 100 to 500 ppm.
  • Leaded and unleaded regular and premium gasoline can be used as fuels for gasoline engines.
  • the gasolines can also contain components other than hydrocarbons, e.g. Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, tert-butanol and ethers, e.g. Contain methyl tertiary butyl ether.
  • the fuels generally also contain further additives such as corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers, antioxidants and / or detergents.
  • Corrosion inhibitors are mostly ammonium salts org. Carboxylic acids which tend to form films due to the structure of the starting compounds. Amines to lower the pH are also often found in corrosion inhibitors. Heterocyclic aromatics are mostly used as non-ferrous metal corrosion protection.
  • amines such as para-phenylenediamine, dicyclohexylamine, morpholine or derivatives of these amines are antioxidants or stabilizers call.
  • Phenolic antioxidants such as 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol or 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxiphenylpropionic acid and their derivatives are also added to fuels and lubricants.
  • Amides and imides of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, polybutene polyamines and long-chain carbonamides and imides are also optionally contained in the fuels as further carburetor, injector and valve detergents.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Carburants pour moteurs à allumage par étincelles, qui contiennent, à titre de détergent, des proportions actives d'amides ou de sels d'amidammonium répondant aux formules I et II
    Figure imgb0019
    Figure imgb0020
     et leurs mélanges, dans lesquelle A représente un radical alkylène à chaîne droite ou à chaîne ramifiée, qui comporte de 2 à 6 atomes de carbone, ou le radical de la formule
    Figure imgb0021
     et dans lesquelles les symboles R représentent chacun indépendamment les uns des autres, un radical aliphatique essentiellement à chaîne droite, qui comporte de 10 à 30 atomes de carbone, où les radicaux amide peuvent également en partie se présenter sous forme de radicaux carboxylate d'alkylammonium avec les radicaux R.
  2. Carburants suivant la revendication 1, qui contiennent des sels d'amides ou d'amidammonium et leurs mélanges, caractérisés en ce que le radical R représente un groupe alkyle à chaîne droite comportant de 14 à 24 atomes de carbone.
  3. Carburants selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent des composés de la formule
    Figure imgb0022
     dans laquelle R représente un radical alkyle à chaîne droite et comporte de 10 à 30 atomes de carbone et où une partie des radicaux amide peuvent se présenter sous forme de radicaux carboxylate de dialkylammonium des amines
    Figure imgb0023
  4. Carburants suivant la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent les composés des formules I et II en proportions de 50 à 1500 ppm, par rapport au carburant.
  5. Carburants suivant les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent des composés des formules I et II dans lesquelles
    Figure imgb0024
     représente le reste de la disuifamine.
  6. Carburants suivant la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent d'autres détergents pour carburants, des agents antigivrage, des inhibiteurs de corrosion et/ou d'autres antioxydants.
EP90124072A 1990-01-10 1990-12-13 Carburants pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle Expired - Lifetime EP0436864B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4000539 1990-01-10
DE4000539A DE4000539A1 (de) 1990-01-10 1990-01-10 Kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436864A1 EP0436864A1 (fr) 1991-07-17
EP0436864B1 true EP0436864B1 (fr) 1993-09-22

Family

ID=6397836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124072A Expired - Lifetime EP0436864B1 (fr) 1990-01-10 1990-12-13 Carburants pour moteurs à allumage par étincelle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0436864B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2033829A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4000539A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2022360759A1 (en) 2021-10-04 2024-02-29 Innospec Fuel Specialties Llc Improvements in fuels

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2901335A (en) * 1954-10-05 1959-08-25 Standard Oil Co Additive for leaded gasoline
US3893825A (en) * 1970-12-30 1975-07-08 Universal Oil Prod Co Inhibition of corrosion
DE2531469C3 (de) * 1975-07-15 1980-10-23 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verwendung von w -N.N.N'.N'tetrasubstituierten Aminoalkansäureamiden, w -N,N,N',N'tetrasubstituierte Aminobuttersäure-amide und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE2828038A1 (de) * 1978-06-26 1980-01-10 Basf Ag Kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59002846D1 (de) 1993-10-28
DE4000539A1 (de) 1991-07-11
EP0436864A1 (fr) 1991-07-17
CA2033829A1 (fr) 1991-07-11

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