EP0477117B1 - Wandelbare und flexible Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung - Google Patents

Wandelbare und flexible Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0477117B1
EP0477117B1 EP91440075A EP91440075A EP0477117B1 EP 0477117 B1 EP0477117 B1 EP 0477117B1 EP 91440075 A EP91440075 A EP 91440075A EP 91440075 A EP91440075 A EP 91440075A EP 0477117 B1 EP0477117 B1 EP 0477117B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modules
oven
module
quenching
type
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP91440075A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0477117A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Krieger
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KRIPTON SA
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KRIPTON SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of heat treatment and relates to a flexible modular device for heat treatments.
  • each quenching tank can only be served by the two adjacent ovens and that, likewise, each oven can only be unloaded in the two adjacent quenching tanks.
  • the increase in the capacity or the diversification of said heat treatment device by the addition of additional ovens consequently entails, necessarily, the addition of additional quenching tanks, and therefore a substantial modification of the structure as well as a significant increase in the dimensions and cost of said devices.
  • the load to be treated can be moved in a plane and thus be transferred from a given oven to a given quenching tank.
  • Document EP-A-0 023 546 discloses a method and a device for modifying the microstructure and / or for developing the surface of metals.
  • the device described in this document notably comprises a support structure and a crane and a transport carriage for the load to be treated.
  • this device only comprises a single stationary oven, associated with several treatment tanks movable on wheels, provided with loading and unloading devices.
  • these tanks each include an autonomous motorization device and a device for recovering the own charge.
  • document AT-A-167 102 describes a device for annealing, quenching and frying bars, sections and conduits of iron and non-noble metals.
  • This device consists of a vertical oven movable in a horizontal plane by means of a rolling mechanism and cooperating with a supply container and quenching and cooling containers, produced in the form of pits.
  • the latter For the treatment of the load in the oven, the latter must be installed above a particular pit comprising the means necessary for the annealing of the load. The heat treatment of these cannot, therefore, be continued during the transfer of the load to the quenching or cooling pits.
  • the problem posed by the present invention is therefore to design a flexible heat treatment device, easily expandable, composed of oven type modules and modules of quenching or washing tank type and presenting a compact constitution, said device having to allow, moreover, on the one hand, to carry out a maximum number of different heat treatments, without interruption, with a given number of modules, and, on the other hand, to maximize the times d '' use of ovens while minimizing times for changing the treatment cycle and transferring and placing loads.
  • the flexible modular device for thermal treatments comprising modules of the oven type and modules of the quenching or washing tank type, mutually compatible, and mainly consisting, on the one hand, of a support structure provided at least one transport gantry, on the other hand, by one or more control modules controlling the operation of the various elements constituting said modular device and each comprising, where appropriate, a programmable controller, and finally, by at least one device for loading and unloading of the various modules composed, on the one hand, of movable shutter elements implementing and maintaining the load in the oven-type modules, on the other hand, of mobile supports arranged in the quenching or washing tank type modules allowing the transfer of loads from the oven type modules to the quenching tank type modules e or washing, as well as the draining of said loads after soaking or washing, and finally, of at least one manipulator carriage carrying out the loading of the movable obturation elements and the unloading of the movable support elements, each oven type module capable of being conveyed by means of
  • the flexible modular device for thermal treatments comprises modules 6 of oven type and modules 7 of type of quenching or washing tank, compatible with each other.
  • a support structure 1 provided with at least one transport gantry 2, on the other hand, by one or more control modules 8, 9 controlling the operation of the different elements 2 to 7 constituting said modular device and each comprising, where appropriate, a programmable controller 10, and finally, by at least one device 3, 4, 5 for loading and unloading of the different modules 6, 7 comprises, on the one hand, d movable shutter elements 4 carrying out the positioning and maintenance of the load 11 in the modules 6 of the oven type, on the other hand, of mobile support elements 5 arranged in the modules 7 of the quenching or washing tank type allowing the transfer of the loads 11 from the modules 6 of the oven type to the modules 7 of the quenching or washing tank type, as well as the draining of said loads 11 after soaking or washing,
  • the modules 7 of the quenching or washing tank type are arranged side by side and aligned in the support structure 1, the modules 6 being oven type arranged in a similar manner parallel to said modules 7 of the quenching or washing tank type, but in a different horizontal plane.
  • the modules 6 of the oven type have a vertical structure and are provided with an opening 12 on their underside, the modules 7 of the quenching or washing tank type having an opening 13 corresponding on their upper face.
  • the oven-type modules 6 comprise, in particular, on the one hand, an inner lining 14 made of ceramic fibers, lined with an envelope 15 having high mechanical characteristics, on the other hand, a vacuum pump 16 for the change of controlled atmospheres, and, finally, a cooling turbine 17 supplying exchangers 18 opening out inside said oven-type modules 6.
  • the oven-type modules 6, by serving different temperature ranges due to variable heating powers, depending, in particular, on the characteristics of their heating radiant elements 19, may be intended, in a preferred manner, each for specific heat treatments.
  • each module 6 of the type oven can carry out several different heat treatments, such as, for example, case hardening, annealing, nitriding, tempering, ceramic firing, ion nitriding and case hardening, etc., thereby limiting the number of modules 6 of the oven type necessary for carrying out the heat treatments which can be implemented in a given production unit.
  • each module 6 of the oven type can be easily programmed for a series of heat treatment steps, by virtue of the control modules 9 provided with programmable controllers 10.
  • modules 7 of the quenching or washing tank type may be of various types, each corresponding to one or more specific treatments, such as, for example, oil, water or salt quenching tanks. , burnishing tank, pressurized gas quenching tank, ultrasonic washing tank filled with water or a chlorine solution, etc ...
  • each module 6 of oven type comprises, on the one hand, a bottom plate 20 pierced provided with several, preferably three, frustoconical feet 21 allowing the lift and the maintenance of said module 6 in the treatment phase in its parking position and in the unloading phase on the module 7 of the corresponding quenching or washing tank type, thanks to support points 22 of complementary shape, and, on the other hand, a plate upper 23 provided with at least one, preferably three, anchoring points 24 for the transport gantry 2.
  • each module 6 of the oven type is provided with at least two connectors 25, 25 ′, namely, at least one connector lower 25, cooperating with a corresponding complementary connector 26 secured to the support structure 1 when said module 6 is in the parking position, and, at least one upper connector 25 'capable of cooperating with a corresponding complementary connector 26' mounted on the transport gantry 2, from the taking said module 6 into account by said transport gantry 2.
  • the connectors 25, 25 ', 26 and 26' therefore make it possible, by simple interlocking, to establish connections of very diverse nature such as, for example, electrical connection, connection of pipes for supplying treatment gas, connection for signal or data transmission, a contact detector capable of indicating to the control modules 8 and 9 the state of said connections.
  • the establishment of the connection 25 '- 26' makes it possible to compensate for the break in the connection 25 - 26, the control module 8 of said transport gantry 2 being able, if necessary, to control the end of the load processing cycle 11, after transmission of the data corresponding by the control module 9 of said module 6 and this until the moment of transferring the load 11 into a module 7 of the quenching or washing tank type.
  • the aforementioned movable obturation elements 4 are advantageously in the form of plates 27 actuated by jacks 28 and extended by frustoconical bases 29, said elements 4 comprising, in addition, each, a seal 30 making it possible to isolate from sealed inside the oven-type module 6, as well as, if necessary, a turbine 31 for stirring the internal controlled atmosphere, the latter also being able to be placed directly in the module 6.
  • the manipulator carriage 3 advantageously comprises a load handling table 32, movable in rotation about a vertical axis Z and movable in translation along the same axis Z as well as in a direction Y perpendicular to the direction X of movement of said carriage manipulator 3 ( Figures 1 and 2).
  • the latter can thus deposit loads 11, stored in a storage location outside the support structure 1 or directly from a production unit, on the movable shutter elements 4, each linked to a parking position d 'A module 6 of oven type, or evacuate a load 11 of a movable support element 5 in the high position, after completion of the soaking and draining phases.
  • the movable closure elements 4 as well as the movable support elements 5 are provided, on their upper face, with support pads 33 of the loads 11, allowing, respectively, to deposit or lift the loads 11 by means of said handling table 32.
  • the modules 6 of the oven type In order to carry out the maintenance of the charges 11 in the modules 6 of the oven type, during the transport of the latter to the modules 7 of the quenching or washing tank type, the modules 6 of the oven type have pivoting hooks 34 disposed near the lower opening 12 of said module 6 and making it possible to maintain a load 11 inside said module 6 (FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the number of said hooks 34 and their arrangement inside said oven-type modules 6 depend on the shape and size of the loads 11.
  • the replacement of said hooks 34 is greatly facilitated by their installation on a support plate 35 fixed to removably on the lower plate of said modules 6.
  • the loads 11 are, therefore, successively borne during their treatment, on the one hand, by the mobile shutter elements 4 during their heat treatment phase inside the modules 6 of the oven type, on the other hand, by the hooks 34 during the transport phase of said modules 6 to the modules 7, and, finally, by the mobile support elements 5 during their soaking or washing phases in the modules 7 and draining, when said mobile support elements 5 are in the high position.
  • the movable closure elements 4 are provided with lugs 36 making it possible to tilt the hooks 34 d 'an erased position ( Figure 3, broken lines) to a retentive position ( Figure 3, solid lines) against their frustoconical base 29, the movable support elements 5 having lateral tabs 37 pushing said hooks 34 into their erased position ( Figure 4 , broken lines) when taking into account the loads 11 by said movable support elements 5.
  • the load 11, waiting at a storage location is conveyed by the handling trolley 3 to the parking position of the module 6 of the oven type chosen as a function of the treatment to be carried out and deposited on the movable element d shutter 4, in the lower position, corresponding.
  • the latter then rises, introducing the charge 11 inside the module 6 of the chosen oven type and closing the lower orifice 12 in a sealed manner.
  • the load 11 then undergoes the different phases of the heat treatment preprogrammed by the user, under the control of the corresponding control module 9 (FIG. 3).
  • the transport gantry 2 is called by the control module 9 of the module 6 considered or, if necessary, by a programmable automaton controlling the entire heat treatment device.
  • the movable obturation element is withdrawn depositing the load 11 on the angle ends of the hooks 34.
  • the module 6 is then transported to the module 7 of the bin type. quenching or washing selected and deposited on the upper part of the latter.
  • the mobile support element 5 of said module 7 is then introduced into the module 6, lifts the load 11, pushes the hooks 34 and, finally, extracts the load 11 from said module 6 to immerse it in said module 7.
  • the load 11 remains in a controlled atmosphere, due to the continuous supply of said module 6 with fluids and the maintenance of a slight overpressure internal, thus avoiding any risk of oxidation.
  • the movable support element 5 extracts the load 11 from said module 7 and keeps it in the open air to carry out its draining. Then, said load 11 is taken up by the carriage manipulator 3 and transported outside of said heat treatment device.
  • modules 6 or 7 can be carried out without major structural modification by the very fact of the constitution of said device according to the invention. Furthermore, from a certain number of modules 6, 7, it could also be envisaged to use several transport gantries 2 and / or several manipulator carts 3 in order to maximize the occupation times of said modules 6, 7 In addition, an extractor hood 38 can be placed on the support structure 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Wandelbare und flexible Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung, umfassend ofenartige Module (6) und damit kompatible wannenartige Härte- oder Eintauchmodule (7), und die im wesentlichen gebildet ist einerseits durch eine mit wenigstens einem Transportrahmen (2) versehene Tragstruktur (1), andererseits durch ein oder mehrere Steuermodule (8, 9) zur Steuerung des Betriebs der verschiedenen, die wandelbare Anlage bildenden Elemente (2 bis 7) und die jeweils gegebenenfalls einen programmierbaren Automaten (10) enthalten, und schließlich durch wenigstens eine Vorrichtung (3, 4, 5) zur Beladung und Entladung der verschiedenen Module (6, 7), zusammengesetzt einerseits aus beweglichen Verschlußelementen (4), die die Positionierung und Halterung der Charge (11) in den ofenartigen Modulen (6) verwirklichen, andererseits aus beweglichen Trägerelementen (5), die in den wannenartigen Härte- oder Eintauchmodulen (7) angeordnet sind, um die Durchführung der Umsetzung der Chargen (11) der ofenartigen Module (6) zu den wannenartigen Härte- oder Eintauchmodulen (7) sowie auch das Abtropfen der Chargen (11) nach dem Härten oder Eintauchen zu erlauben, und schließlich wenigstens einem Handhabungswagen (3) zur Verwirklichung der Beladung der beweglichen Verschlußelemente (4) und der Entladung der beweglichen Trägerelemente (5), wobei jedes ofenartige Modul (6) mittels eines Transportrahmens (2) während des Behandlungsablaufes seiner Charge (11) ohne jegliche Unterbrechung des Behandlungsablaufes dieser Charge (11) von einer stationären Position zu einem der wannenartigen Härte- oder Eintauchmodule (7) hinbewegt werden kann, wenn die Positionierung der folgenden, in dem ofenartigen Modul (6) zu behandelnden Charge (11) in Vorbereitung ist, und dieses eine oder mehrere andere Module (6, 7) darüberhinaus gleichzeitig beim Beladen oder Wiedereinsetzen ihrer Charge (11) sein können.
  2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wannenartigen Härte- oder Eintauchmodule (7) Seite an Seite und in aneinandergereihter Weise in dar Tragstruktur (1) angeordnet sind, wobei die ofenartigen Module (6) in ähnlicher weise parallel zu den wannenartigen Härte- oder Eintauchmodulen (7) angeordnet sind, jedoch in einer unterschiedlichen horizontalen Ebene.
  3. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ofenartigen Module (6) einen vertikalen Aufbau aufweisen und auf ihrer Unterseite mit einer Öffnung (12) versehen sind und die wannenartigen Härte- oder Eintauchmodule (7) eine entsprechende Öffnung (13) auf ihrer Oberseite aufweisen.
  4. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ofenartigen Module (6) insbesondere zum einen eine innere Auskleidung (14) aus Keramikfasern, eingefaßt von einer Umhüllung (15) mit erhöhten mechanischen Eigenschaften, und zum anderen eine Vakuumpumpe (16) zur Änderung gesteuerter Atmosphären und schließlich eine Kühlturbine (17) zur Versorgung von im Innern der ofenartigen Module (6) einmündenden Wärmeaustauschern (18) aufweisen.
  5. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes ofenartige Modul (6) zum einen eine durchbrochene untere Platte (20) mit mehreren, Vorzugsweise drei, kegelstumpfartigen Füßen (21) aufweist, die aufgrund komplementär geformter Abstützpunkte (22) die Aufrechterhaltung und die Halterung des Moduls (6) während der Behandlungsphase in seiner stationären Position und während der Entladungsphase auf dem entsprechenden wannenartigen Härte- oder Eintauchmodul (7) erlauben, und zum anderen eine obere Platte (23) aufweist, die mit wenigstens einem, vorzugsweise drei Aufhängungspunkten (24) für den Transportrahmen (2) versehen ist.
  6. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes ofenartige Modul (6) mit wenigstens zwei Verbindern (25, 25') ausgestattet ist, nämlich wenigstens einem unteren Verbinder (25), der mit einem entsprechenden komplementären, an der Tragstruktur (1) befestigten Verbinder (26) zusammenwirkt, bis das Modul (6) in der stationären Position ist, und wenigstens einem oberen Verbinder (25'), der mit einem entsprechenden komplementären, auf dem Transportrahmen (2) befestigten Verbinder (26') zusammenwirken kann, sobald dieses Modul (6) durch den Transportrahmen (2) aufgenommen ist.
  7. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beweglichen Verschlußelemente (4) vorteilhafterweise in Form von Platten (27) ausgebildet sind, die durch Hubvorrichtungen (28) betätigt und durch kegelstumpfförmige Sockel (29) verlängert sind, wobei die Elemente (4) darüberhinaus jeweils eine Verbindungsstelle (30) aufweisen, die den Abschluß des Innenraums des ofenartigen Moduls (6) in dichter Weise gestattet, sowie gegebenenfalls eine Turbine (31) zur Umwälzung der inneren gesteuerten Atmosphäre aufweisen.
  8. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Handhabungswagen (3) einen Tisch (32) zur Handhabung der Charge (11) aufweist, der um eine vertikale Achse (Z) rotationsbeweglich ist und entlang der gleichen Achse (Z) sowie entlang einer Richtung (Y) translatorisch bewegbar ist, die senkrecht zu der Bewegungsrichtung (X) des Handhabungswagens (3) verläuft.
  9. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beweglichen Verschlußelemente (4) sowie die beweglichen Trägerelemente (5) an ihrer Oberseite mit Abstützungen (33) für die Chargen (11) ausgerüstet sind.
  10. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes ofenartige Modul (6) schwenkbare Haken (34) aufweist, die in Nähe der unteren Öffnung (12) dieses Moduls (6) vorgesehen sind und die Halterung einer Charge (11) im Innenraum dieses Moduls (6) ermöglichen.
  11. Anlage nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haken (34) an einer Trägerplatte (35) befestigt sind, die in auswechselbarer Weise auf der unteren Platte (20) befestigt ist.
  12. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beweglichen Verschlußelemente (4) mit Anschlägen (36) vorsehen sind, die das Hochschwenken der Haken (34) von einer zurückgezogenen Position in eine rückhaltende Position gegen ihren kegelstumpfförmigen Sockel (29) gestatten, wobei die beweglichen Trägerelemente (5) seitliche Zapfen (37) aufweisen, die diese Haken (34) bei Aufnahme der Chargen (11) durch die beweglichen Trägerelemente (5) in ihre zurückgezogene Position zurückstoßen.
EP91440075A 1990-09-18 1991-09-17 Wandelbare und flexible Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung Expired - Lifetime EP0477117B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9011644 1990-09-18
FR9011644A FR2666818B1 (fr) 1990-09-18 1990-09-18 Dispositif modulaire flexible de traitements thermiques.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0477117A1 EP0477117A1 (de) 1992-03-25
EP0477117B1 true EP0477117B1 (de) 1995-04-05

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EP91440075A Expired - Lifetime EP0477117B1 (de) 1990-09-18 1991-09-17 Wandelbare und flexible Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung

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EP (1) EP0477117B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE120805T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69108654T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2073144T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2666818B1 (de)
PL (1) PL169846B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1992005289A1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10018418B2 (en) * 2014-01-07 2018-07-10 Can-Eng Partners Limited Mobile removable hearth for furnace and transporter

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT167102B (de) * 1949-06-20 1950-11-10 Elektrowaermebau Ing Josef Ebn Vorrichtung zum Glühen und Vergüten von Stangen, Profilen und Rohren aus Eisen und Nichteisenmetallen
FR95877E (fr) * 1968-09-30 1971-11-12 Ugine Kuhlmann Procédé et appareil de traitement de produits métallurgiques en particulier en acier.
US4098624A (en) * 1976-12-28 1978-07-04 Upton Industries, Inc. Process for increasing the versatility of isothermal transformation
DE2924270C2 (de) * 1979-06-15 1986-10-16 Dr. Werner Herdieckerhoff, Nachf. Industrieöfen-Apparatebau, 4750 Unna Arbeitsverfahren zur Gefüge- und/oder Oberflächenveredelung von Metallen und Vorrichtung dafür
US4861000A (en) * 1987-06-03 1989-08-29 Pierre Beuret Installation having several elements for heat treatments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2666818B1 (fr) 1994-04-29
ES2073144T3 (es) 1995-08-01
DE69108654T2 (de) 1995-11-30
FR2666818A1 (fr) 1992-03-20
EP0477117A1 (de) 1992-03-25
PL169846B1 (pl) 1996-09-30
ATE120805T1 (de) 1995-04-15
WO1992005289A1 (fr) 1992-04-02
DE69108654D1 (de) 1995-05-11

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