EP0476657A1 - Thermistance à coefficient de termpérature négatif fabriquée par la technologie multicouche - Google Patents
Thermistance à coefficient de termpérature négatif fabriquée par la technologie multicouche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0476657A1 EP0476657A1 EP91115954A EP91115954A EP0476657A1 EP 0476657 A1 EP0476657 A1 EP 0476657A1 EP 91115954 A EP91115954 A EP 91115954A EP 91115954 A EP91115954 A EP 91115954A EP 0476657 A1 EP0476657 A1 EP 0476657A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thermistor
- metal
- layers
- ceramic
- temperature coefficient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium silver Chemical compound [Pd].[Ag] SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003985 ceramic capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/14—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors
- H01C1/1413—Terminals or electrodes formed on resistive elements having negative temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/04—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient
- H01C7/041—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient formed as one or more layers or coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
- Y10T29/49085—Thermally variable
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient in multilayer technology.
- VS multilayer
- the transfer of a first variant of the VS technology to varistors is known, for example, from EP-PS 0 189 087.
- the varistor is made up of thin layers of varistor material with noble metal electrodes in between, each of which is led out on one end face and connected to one another by a metallization (soldering surface).
- the precious metal electrodes which have a relatively high melting point, are applied to the thin ceramic layers by means of screen printing before the sintering process.
- the transfer of the VS technology to temperature-dependent thermistors has so far not been described for thermistors with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC, thermistor) but only for PTC elements (PTC thermistors) and only as part of a second variant of the known VS technology (US Pat. No. 4,766 409).
- the ceramic body is alternately made up of porous and dense ceramic layers, metal alloys being pressed into the cavities of the porous intermediate layers, the melting temperatures of which are considerably lower than the sintering temperature of the ceramic body.
- the inner electrodes are therefore only produced after the sintering process by pressing in and subsequent solidification of the liquid metal, the penetration of the liquid metal, the wetting of the ceramic material and the prevention of reflowing out causing a number of problems, for example in DE-OS 37 25 455 are described.
- the US-PS 4 766 409 initially assumes that the VS technology is particularly suitable for the implementation of a PTC thermistor with a resistance of only about 0.3 to 3 ohms due to the parallel connection of many thin ceramic layers within a single component .
- the patent describes attempts to manufacture such a PTC thermistor, in which, similar to the most widespread VS ceramic capacitors, a high-melting metallic paste is applied to the ceramic layers prior to sintering.
- the metals with high melting point in question gold, platinum, palladium, silver-palladium alloy
- barrier layers appeared.
- the US patent declares the high-melting metals mentioned as unsuitable for internal electrodes of PTC thermistors due to the test results.
- the US patent indicates in the following that barrier-free electrodes made of indium-gallium alloy, as well as of nickel or aluminum are known, but suggests as its own solution, after sintering into porous intermediate layers made of ceramic, internal electrodes made of lead, tin or one Press alloy of the two metals.
- Such internal electrodes are indeed free of a barrier layer, but the metals used are poorly wetting, which is why additional safety measures must be taken to prevent the injected liquid metals from running out, which make the known PTC thermistor even more complex.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient in multi-layer technology, which on the one hand a good connection, d. H. ensures a connection with a low electrical contact resistance between the internal electrodes and the ceramic surface and which, on the other hand, is of simplified construction and is easier to produce.
- the wired or unwired NTC thermistor chips according to the invention are mechanically resilient, have small dimensions (for example 3.2 x 1.6 mm with 1.3 mm thickness) and have electrical resistances from 0.1 ohm to 1 mega ohms (at 25 C).
- electrical resistances can at best be achieved just below 500 ohms, otherwise the ceramic bodies would become too thin and mechanically sensitive.
- the press technology is also complex and expensive.
- the NTC thermistors according to the invention have the general advantage that their resistance, owing to the parallel connection realized by the special VS construction, goes beyond the construction of ceramic layers without internal electrodes, which is also possible and is particularly suitable for the higher-resistance range from approx. 3 kQ - largely independent of their external dimensions.
- NTC thermistors with any number of internal electrodes made of combinations or mixtures or alloys of the metals: Ag, Al, Au, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, Ir, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd , Pt, Sn, Ta, Ti, V, W, Zn, Zr can be produced, the special NTC ceramic composition is not essential.
- An NTC thermistor according to the invention is produced by producing a slip in a manner known per se from the starting material with the aid of organic binding materials, solvents and plasticizers. This is then pulled out to a very thin film using the stripping technique.
- a pattern of the approximately 2-3 ⁇ m thick inner metal deposits made of a silver-palladium compound with 70-80% by weight of silver is applied to pieces of approximately postcard sizes by means of the screen printing technique known per se, after which a corresponding number of such Postcard-sized foils are stacked on top of one another in such a way that the alternating displacement of the metal coverings results in the finished body.
- the Schichtthermistor is separated in crude form and sintered after passing through the conventional tempering and binding design bake cycle at temperatures up to 1150 0 C by a pressing operation from the film stack.
- the NTC thermistors produced in this way are less expensive compared to the known VS thermistors produced by lead injection, porous intermediate layers and special metallizations.
- the sintered NTC thermistors can then be provided with a solderable metallization by dipping, printing, sputtering, vapor deposition or by electrodeposition, which can also consist of the above-mentioned metals. Finally, it is also possible to coat the surfaces of the thermistors with lacquers, epoxy resins or glass flows.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4029988 | 1990-09-21 | ||
DE4029988 | 1990-09-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0476657A1 true EP0476657A1 (fr) | 1992-03-25 |
Family
ID=6414728
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91115954A Ceased EP0476657A1 (fr) | 1990-09-21 | 1991-09-19 | Thermistance à coefficient de termpérature négatif fabriquée par la technologie multicouche |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5500996A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0476657A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2051824A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0827160A1 (fr) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-04 | SIEMENS MATSUSHITA COMPONENTS GmbH & CO. KG | Composant électro-céramique multicouche et procédé de fabrication |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6023403A (en) | 1996-05-03 | 2000-02-08 | Littlefuse, Inc. | Surface mountable electrical device comprising a PTC and fusible element |
KR100331513B1 (ko) * | 1996-09-20 | 2002-04-06 | 모리시타 요이찌 | Ptc 서미스터 및 그 제조 방법 |
JPH1154301A (ja) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-02-26 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | チップ型サーミスタ |
US6282072B1 (en) | 1998-02-24 | 2001-08-28 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Electrical devices having a polymer PTC array |
US20020125982A1 (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2002-09-12 | Robert Swensen | Surface mount electrical device with multiple ptc elements |
US6582647B1 (en) | 1998-10-01 | 2003-06-24 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Method for heat treating PTC devices |
US6347175B1 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2002-02-12 | Corning Incorporated | Solderable thin film |
WO2001082314A1 (fr) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-01 | Epcos Ag | Composant electrique, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation |
US6279811B1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-08-28 | Mcgraw-Edison Company | Solder application technique |
US6628498B2 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2003-09-30 | Steven J. Whitney | Integrated electrostatic discharge and overcurrent device |
US6498561B2 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-12-24 | Cornerstone Sensors, Inc. | Thermistor and method of manufacture |
EP1386334A1 (fr) * | 2001-05-08 | 2004-02-04 | Epcos Ag | Composant ceramique multicouche et son procede de production |
US6759940B2 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2004-07-06 | Lamina Ceramics, Inc. | Temperature compensating device with integral sheet thermistors |
EP1846740B1 (fr) * | 2005-02-10 | 2010-09-08 | Ist Ag | Conducteurs de connexion de capteur a conduction thermique reduite |
US20090027821A1 (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-01-29 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Integrated thermistor and metallic element device and method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB545679A (en) * | 1939-06-23 | 1942-06-08 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Resistance composition and method of making it |
GB1337929A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1973-11-21 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Thermistors |
US4912450A (en) * | 1986-09-20 | 1990-03-27 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Thermistor and method of producing the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2886476A (en) * | 1956-10-19 | 1959-05-12 | Du Pont | Resistors |
US4189760A (en) * | 1973-05-13 | 1980-02-19 | Erie Technological Products, Inc. | Monolithic capacitor with non-noble metal electrodes and method of making the same |
US4454495A (en) * | 1982-08-31 | 1984-06-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Layered ultra-thin coherent structures used as electrical resistors having low temperature coefficient of resistivity |
DE3660342D1 (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1988-07-28 | Siemens Ag | Voltage-dependent electric resistance (varistor) |
US4766409A (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1988-08-23 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Thermistor having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance |
US4918421A (en) * | 1986-03-20 | 1990-04-17 | Lawless William N | Nonlinear resistor for low temperature operation |
DE3725455A1 (de) * | 1987-07-31 | 1989-02-09 | Siemens Ag | Elektrisches vielschichtbauelement mit einem gesinterten, monolithischen keramikkoerper und verfahren zur herstellung des elektrischen vielschichtbauelementes |
-
1991
- 1991-09-19 CA CA002051824A patent/CA2051824A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1991-09-19 EP EP91115954A patent/EP0476657A1/fr not_active Ceased
-
1993
- 1993-02-22 US US08/020,435 patent/US5500996A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB545679A (en) * | 1939-06-23 | 1942-06-08 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Resistance composition and method of making it |
GB1337929A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1973-11-21 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Thermistors |
US4912450A (en) * | 1986-09-20 | 1990-03-27 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Thermistor and method of producing the same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 571 (E-862)(3919) 18. Dezember 1989 & JP-A-1 239 813 ( MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD ) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0827160A1 (fr) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-04 | SIEMENS MATSUSHITA COMPONENTS GmbH & CO. KG | Composant électro-céramique multicouche et procédé de fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5500996A (en) | 1996-03-26 |
CA2051824A1 (fr) | 1992-03-22 |
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Legal Events
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Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
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Effective date: 19920408 |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19940525 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
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18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 19960913 |