EP0475015B1 - Method and apparatus for continuously grinding and dispersing solids in fluids - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for continuously grinding and dispersing solids in fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0475015B1
EP0475015B1 EP91111672A EP91111672A EP0475015B1 EP 0475015 B1 EP0475015 B1 EP 0475015B1 EP 91111672 A EP91111672 A EP 91111672A EP 91111672 A EP91111672 A EP 91111672A EP 0475015 B1 EP0475015 B1 EP 0475015B1
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Prior art keywords
zone
grinding
region
grinding zone
flow
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EP91111672A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0475015A1 (en
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Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Bühler
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FrymaKoruma AG
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Fryma Maschinen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B02C17/166—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge of the annular gap type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the continuous grinding and dispersing of solids in liquid, using grinding aids which, together with the solid-liquid mixture, pass through at least one gap-shaped grinding zone from its inlet side to its outlet side and then by centrifugal force via a return zone from the outlet side are returned to the inlet side of the grinding zone, while at least a substantial part of the solid-liquid mixture is discharged against an centrifugal force via an outflow zone.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
  • DE-A 1 223 236 discloses an agitator mill in which, in addition to the agitator consisting of agitator disks, the outer grinding trough also rotates.
  • the mass of grinding media located in the grinding trough is thrown against the outer wall of the rotating grinding trough by the centrifugal forces and can essentially neither move radially nor axially there.
  • the grinding effect in contrast to a device in which the grinding media is circulating, is significantly lower.
  • a device which contains a slit-shaped grinding zone which is penetrated from its inlet side to its outlet side by a solid-liquid mixture and by auxiliary grinding bodies. Furthermore, a return zone which returns the grinding auxiliary bodies by centrifugal force from the outlet side to the inlet side of the grinding zone is provided, at least a substantial part of the solid-liquid mixture is discharged against the effect of centrifugal force via an outflow zone.
  • the entire flow space of the grinding zone and the outflow zone is delimited by an outer fixed wall and an inner circumferential wall.
  • the auxiliary grinding bodies are separated from the solid-liquid mixture by centrifugal force and are returned via the return zone to the inlet side of the grinding zone.
  • a certain proportion of the auxiliary grinding bodies with the solid-liquid mixture are dragged into the outflow zone.
  • GB-A 2 016 953 which describes a similar device, contains, as a variant, the proposal either to drive the usually fixed mill housing (instead of the displacement body) rotatably or to drive both the mill housing and the displacement body rotatably, in each case in the opposite direction of rotation.
  • US Pat. No. 3,202,364 is a ball mill whose ring-cylindrical grinding chamber filled with grinding media is delimited by two drum walls, which in operation are either driven at different speeds in the same or opposite direction or only one of which rotates while the other is standing .
  • the regrind is fed to the ring-cylindrical grinding chamber at one axial end and flows out at the other axial end, the grinding balls passing through a sieve-like configuration of the inner drum is prevented from leaving the grinding chamber.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a method of the type mentioned at the outset or a device for carrying out this method in such a way that the separation of the auxiliary grinding bodies from the solid-liquid mixture in the region of the flow space in which the return zone and the outflow zone begin connect the grinding zone is improved
  • This object is achieved in that at least the walls of the flow space, in which the return zone and the outflow zone connect to the grinding zone, rotate in the same direction, but at different speeds.
  • This device essentially contains a gap-shaped grinding zone 1, through which a solid-liquid mixture and grinding aids are penetrated from its inlet side 1a to its outlet side 1b. Furthermore, a return zone, designed as a return channel 2 and returning the auxiliary grinding bodies 18 by centrifugal force from the outlet side 1b to the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1, is provided.
  • the grinding zone 1 is connected on its inlet side 1a to an inflow zone 3, while an outlet zone 4 is connected to the outlet side 1b.
  • the grinding zone 1, the inflow zone 3 and the outflow zone 4 are delimited by the inner surface of an outer rotor 5 and the outer surface of an inner rotor 6, the outer and inner rotors 5, 6 having a common axis of rotation 7.
  • the outer and inner rotors 5, 6 are driven by pulleys 8, 9 in the same direction, but at different speeds.
  • the inflow zone 3 is connected via channels 10 to a feed pipe 11, the central axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation 7.
  • the outflow zone 4 is connected via channels 12 to a discharge pipe 13 arranged concentrically with the feed pipe 11.
  • the outer rotor 5 is surrounded by a cooling zone 14 which has a cooling water supply 14a and a cooling water discharge 14b.
  • the direction of flow of the cooling water is shown in FIG. 1 with the arrows 15.
  • the entire device is attached to a housing frame 16.
  • the return duct 2 runs obliquely outwards from the end face 6b of the inner rotor 6 facing the outlet side 1b of the grinding zone 1 to the end face 6a of the inner rotor facing the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1 6.
  • the angle which the return duct 2 forms with the axis of rotation 7 is between 10 to 70 °, preferably between 30 to 60 °.
  • the inflow zone 3, the grinding zone 1 and the adjoining part of the outflow zone 4 is designed in the form of an annular gap.
  • the return zone is formed by one or more return channels 2.
  • the inner rotor 6 accordingly has a wavy surface formation in the third region 1c of the grinding zone 1.
  • FIG. 6 shows a section through the outer rotor 5 along the line VI-VI of FIG.
  • the surface facing the outflow zone 4 likewise has an undulating surface configuration.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional partial view of a second exemplary embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals are used here for the same parts.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional partial view of a third exemplary embodiment.
  • This third exemplary embodiment differs from the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 essentially only in the configuration of its third region 1e, which extends at least approximately in the shape of an arc in a sloping manner towards the inside.
  • the solid-liquid mixture is introduced into the inflow zone 3 from a pump (not shown) via the feed pipe 11.
  • the direction of flow of the solid-liquid mixture is shown by the arrows 17.
  • the solid-liquid mixture is mixed with auxiliary grinding bodies 18, which bring about continuous fine comminution and dispersion of the solids in the liquid in the grinding zone 1 to the outlet side 1b.
  • the grinding media are carried along from the inlet side 1a to the outlet side 1b and are then returned against the flow by centrifugal force from the outside 1b to the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1.
  • at least a substantial part of the solid-liquid mixture is discharged via the outflow zone 4 against the effect of centrifugal force.
  • the solution according to the invention results in a centrifugal force that is many times higher because, in addition to the inner rotor 6, the outer rotor 5 is also driven in the same direction.
  • the rotor is driven at a speed of 1,500 rpm while the other wall of the grinding zone is stationary as a stator, this results in an average rotation speed of 750 rpm for the solid-liquid mixture with the auxiliary grinding bodies.
  • the speeds of the rotors must also be adjusted to the mass of the auxiliary grinding bodies and the strength of the flow of the solid-liquid mixture.
  • it must be ensured that the auxiliary grinding bodies in a kind of circulation in the grinding zone 1 and Circulate return channel 2 and are not held by an excessive centrifugal force in an area of the grinding zone with the greatest radial distance from the axis of rotation 7.
  • the centrifugal force, in particular in the return channel 2 must be so great that the auxiliary grinding bodies are separated from the solid-liquid mixture against the flow of the latter.
  • the speeds at which the two rotors 5, 6 - and thus also the walls of the flow space in which the return zone (return channel 2) and the outflow zone 4 connect to the grinding zone 1 - are expediently between 500 and 20,000 rpm, preferably between 1,000 and 5,000 rpm.
  • the difference in the peripheral speeds of the two walls delimiting the grinding zone 1 is expediently between 5 and 20 m / s, preferably between 8 and 15 m / s.
  • the size of the centrifugal forces in the flow space in which the return zone (return channel 2) and the outflow zone 4 connect to the grinding zone 1, or in the entire grinding zone 1, can be determined, on the one hand, by the speeds of the two rotors 5, 6 and, on the other hand, by the Set the constructive radial distance of these areas from the axis of rotation 7.
  • the auxiliary grinding bodies 18 are constantly kept in motion, so that a good grinding effect is thereby achieved.
  • This effect is additionally reinforced by surface profiling on the walls delimiting the grinding zone 1 and by the grinding zone 1 kinking several times at an acute or obtuse angle.
  • the diameter range of the auxiliary grinding bodies can be, for example, between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. Even with grinding aids of this size, the mass forces are so great that an effectively high grinding effect is achieved.
  • the solution according to the invention can also be implemented in devices in which - similar to the design according to DE-A-37 16 295 - several grinding zones (each provided with an inflow zone, outflow zone and return zone) are connected in series.

Abstract

Method and apparatus for continuously grinding and dispersing solids in fluid using grinding bodies as an aid, the area of the flow space into which the grinding bodies are separated from the solid/liquid mixture by centrifugal force effect being bounded by two walls which rotate in the same direction but at a different speed of rotation. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Feinzerkleinern und Dispergieren von Feststoffen in Flüssigkeit, unter Verwendung von Mahlhilfskörpern, die gemeinsam mit dem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch wenigstens eine spaltförmige Mahlzone von deren Einlaßseite zu deren Auslaßseite durchsetzen und anschließend durch Fliehkraftwirkung über eine Rückführzone von der Auslaßseite wieder zur Einlaßseite der Mahlzone zurückgeführt werden, während zumindest ein wesentlicher Teil des Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisches entgegen der Fliehkraftwirkung über eine Abströmzone abgeführt wird.The invention relates to a process for the continuous grinding and dispersing of solids in liquid, using grinding aids which, together with the solid-liquid mixture, pass through at least one gap-shaped grinding zone from its inlet side to its outlet side and then by centrifugal force via a return zone from the outlet side are returned to the inlet side of the grinding zone, while at least a substantial part of the solid-liquid mixture is discharged against an centrifugal force via an outflow zone.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.

Durch die DE-A 1 223 236 ist eine Rührwerkmühle bekannt, bei der neben dem aus Rührscheiben bestehenden Rührwerk auch der äußere Mahltrog rotiert. Die im Mahltrog befindliche Mahlkörper-Masse wird jedoch durch die Fliehkräfte an die Außenwandung des rotierenden Mahltroges geschleudert und kann sich dort im wesentlichen weder radial noch axial bewegen. Demzufolge ist auch die Mahlwirkung im Gegensatz zu einer Vorrichtung, bei der die Mahlkörper-Masse zirkuliert, wesentlich geringer.DE-A 1 223 236 discloses an agitator mill in which, in addition to the agitator consisting of agitator disks, the outer grinding trough also rotates. However, the mass of grinding media located in the grinding trough is thrown against the outer wall of the rotating grinding trough by the centrifugal forces and can essentially neither move radially nor axially there. As a result, the grinding effect, in contrast to a device in which the grinding media is circulating, is significantly lower.

Durch die DE-A 37 16 295 ist weiterhin eine Vorrichtung bekannt, die eine spaltförmige Mahlzone enthält, die von ihrer Einlaßseite zu ihrer Auslaßseite von einem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch und von Mahlhilfskörpern durchsetzt wird. Ferner ist eine die Mahlhilfskörper durch Fliehkraftwirkung von der Auslaßseite zur Einlaßseite der Mahlzone zurückführende Rückführzone vorgesehen, wobei zumindest ein wesentlicher Teil des Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemischs entgegen der Fliehkraftwirkung über eine Abströmzone abgeführt wird.From DE-A 37 16 295 a device is also known which contains a slit-shaped grinding zone which is penetrated from its inlet side to its outlet side by a solid-liquid mixture and by auxiliary grinding bodies. Furthermore, a return zone which returns the grinding auxiliary bodies by centrifugal force from the outlet side to the inlet side of the grinding zone is provided, at least a substantial part of the solid-liquid mixture is discharged against the effect of centrifugal force via an outflow zone.

Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung wird der gesamte Strömungsraum der Mahlzone und der Abströmzone durch eine äußere feststehende Wandung und eine innere umlaufende Wandung begrenzt. In dem Bereich des Strömungsraumes, in dem die Rückführzone und die Abströmzone an die Mahlzone anschließen, werden die Mahlhilfskörper durch Fliehkraftwirkung von dem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch getrennt und über die Rückführzone zur Einlaßseite der Mahlzone zurückgeführt. Je nach den Verhältnissen wird ein gewisser Anteil der Mahlhilfskörper mit dem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch in die Abströmzone mitgeschleppt.In this known device, the entire flow space of the grinding zone and the outflow zone is delimited by an outer fixed wall and an inner circumferential wall. In the area of the flow space in which the return zone and the outflow zone connect to the grinding zone, the auxiliary grinding bodies are separated from the solid-liquid mixture by centrifugal force and are returned via the return zone to the inlet side of the grinding zone. Depending on the conditions, a certain proportion of the auxiliary grinding bodies with the solid-liquid mixture are dragged into the outflow zone.

Die GB-A 2 016 953, die eine ähnliche Vorrichtung beschreibt, enthält als Variante den Vorschlag, entweder das üblicherweise feststehende Mühlengehäuse (statt des Verdrängungskörpers) drehbar anzutreiben oder sowohl das Mühlengehäuse als auch den Verdrängungskörper drehbar anzutreiben, und zwar in jeweils entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung.GB-A 2 016 953, which describes a similar device, contains, as a variant, the proposal either to drive the usually fixed mill housing (instead of the displacement body) rotatably or to drive both the mill housing and the displacement body rotatably, in each case in the opposite direction of rotation.

Gegenstand der US-A 3 202 364 ist schließlich eine Kugelmühle, deren mit Mahlkörpern gefüllter ringzylindrischer Mahlraum von zwei Trommelwänden begrenzt wird, die im Betrieb entweder mit unterschiedlicher Drehzahl in gleicher oder entgegengesetzter Richtung angetrieben werden oder von denen nur eine rotiert, während die andere steht. Das Mahlgut wird dem ringzylindrischen Mahlraum an einem axialen Ende zugeführt und strömt am anderen axialen Ende ab, wobei die Mahlkugeln durch eine siebartige Ausgestaltung der inneren Trommel am Verlassen des Mahlraumes gehindert werden.Finally, the subject of US Pat. No. 3,202,364 is a ball mill whose ring-cylindrical grinding chamber filled with grinding media is delimited by two drum walls, which in operation are either driven at different speeds in the same or opposite direction or only one of which rotates while the other is standing . The regrind is fed to the ring-cylindrical grinding chamber at one axial end and flows out at the other axial end, the grinding balls passing through a sieve-like configuration of the inner drum is prevented from leaving the grinding chamber.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bzw. eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens so auszubilden, daß die Abtrennung der Mahlhilfskörper von dem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch im Bereich des Strömungsraumes, in dem die Rückführzone und die Abströmzone an die Mahlzone anschließen, verbessert wirdThe invention is based on the object of developing a method of the type mentioned at the outset or a device for carrying out this method in such a way that the separation of the auxiliary grinding bodies from the solid-liquid mixture in the region of the flow space in which the return zone and the outflow zone begin connect the grinding zone is improved

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens die Wandungen des Strömungsraumes, in dem die Rückführzone und die Abströmzone an die Mahlzone anschließen, im gleichen Drehsinn, jedoch mit unterschiedlicher Drehzahl umlaufen.This object is achieved in that at least the walls of the flow space, in which the return zone and the outflow zone connect to the grinding zone, rotate in the same direction, but at different speeds.

Dadurch erhöhen sich insbesondere in diesem Bereich des Strömungsraumes die Fliehkräfte, so daß die Abtrennung der Mahlhilfskörper von dem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch wesentlich verbessert wird. Auf diese Weise gelangen - je nach Verhältnissen - entweder überhaupt keine Mahlhilfskörper oder nur ein verschwindend kleiner Bruchteil der umlaufenden Mahlhilfskörper in die Abströmzone. Dadurch ist es möglich, auf mechanische Trenneinrichtungen, wie Siebe, gewünschtenfalls vollständig zu verzichten, was den konstruktiven Aufbau und die Wartung der Vorrichtung vereinfacht und durch Verringerung der Druckverluste eine Leistungssteigerung gestattet.This increases the centrifugal forces, particularly in this area of the flow space, so that the separation of the auxiliary grinding bodies from the solid-liquid mixture is significantly improved. In this way, depending on the conditions, either no auxiliary grinding media at all or only a very small one Fraction of the peripheral grinding aids in the outflow zone. This makes it possible, if desired, to completely dispense with mechanical separating devices, such as sieves, which simplifies the construction and maintenance of the device and allows an increase in performance by reducing the pressure losses.

Die Erhöhung der Fliehkräfte in der Mahlzone verbessert außerdem deutlich die Mahlwirkung.Increasing the centrifugal forces in the grinding zone also significantly improves the grinding effect.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche und werden anhand der Zeichnung und der Beschreibung zweier Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing and the description of two exemplary embodiments.

In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig.1
eine geschnittene Gesamtansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispieles,
Fig.2
eine geschnittene Teilansicht des ersten Ausführungsbeispieles,
Fig.3
eine geschnittene Teilansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispieles,
Fig.4
eine geschnittene Teilansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispieles,
Fig.5
eine Schnittdarstellung des inneren Rotors längs der Linie V-V der Fig.2,
Fig.6
eine Schnittdarstellung des äußeren Rotors längs der Linie VI-VI der Fig.2.
Show in the drawing
Fig. 1
3 shows a sectional overall view of a first exemplary embodiment,
Fig. 2
2 shows a sectional partial view of the first exemplary embodiment,
Fig. 3
2 shows a sectional partial view of a second exemplary embodiment,
Fig. 4
2 shows a sectional partial view of a third exemplary embodiment,
Fig. 5
2 shows a sectional illustration of the inner rotor along the line VV in FIG. 2,
Fig. 6
a sectional view of the outer rotor along the line VI-VI of Figure 2.

Anhand der Fig.1 und 2 wird zunächst der Aufbau eines ersten Ausführungsbeispieles einer Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Feinzerkleinern und Dispergieren von Feststoffen in Flüssigkeit unter Verwendung von Mahlhilfskörpern 18 erläutert. Diese Vorrichtung enthält im wesentlichen eine spaltförmige Mahlzone 1, die von ihrer Einlaßseite 1a zu ihrer Auslaßseite 1b von einem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch und von Mahlhilfskörpern durchsetzt wird. Ferner ist eine die Mahlhilfskörper 18 durch Fliehkraftwirkung von der Auslaßseite 1b zur Einlaßseite 1a der Mahlzone 1 zurückführende, als Rückführkanal 2 ausgebildete Rückführzone vorgesehen. Die Mahlzone 1 ist an ihrer Einlaßseite 1a mit einer Zuströmzone 3 verbunden, während sich an die Auslaßseite 1b eine Abströmzone 4 anschließt.1 and 2, the structure of a first exemplary embodiment of a device for the continuous fine comminution and dispersion of solids in liquid using grinding aids 18 is first explained. This device essentially contains a gap-shaped grinding zone 1, through which a solid-liquid mixture and grinding aids are penetrated from its inlet side 1a to its outlet side 1b. Furthermore, a return zone, designed as a return channel 2 and returning the auxiliary grinding bodies 18 by centrifugal force from the outlet side 1b to the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1, is provided. The grinding zone 1 is connected on its inlet side 1a to an inflow zone 3, while an outlet zone 4 is connected to the outlet side 1b.

Die Mahlzone 1, die Zuströmzone 3 und die Abströmzone 4 werden durch die Innenfläche eines äußeren Rotors 5 und die Außenfläche eines inneren Rotors 6 begrenzt, wobei der äußere und der innere Rotor 5, 6 eine gemeinsame Rotationsachse 7 aufweisen.The grinding zone 1, the inflow zone 3 and the outflow zone 4 are delimited by the inner surface of an outer rotor 5 and the outer surface of an inner rotor 6, the outer and inner rotors 5, 6 having a common axis of rotation 7.

Der äußere und innere Rotor 5, 6 werden über Riemenscheiben 8, 9 im gleichen Drehsinn, jedoch mit unterschiedlicher Drehzahl angetrieben.The outer and inner rotors 5, 6 are driven by pulleys 8, 9 in the same direction, but at different speeds.

Die Zuströmzone 3 ist über Kanäle 10 mit einem Zuführrohr 11 verbunden, dessen Mittelachse mit der Rotationsachse 7 zusammenfällt. Entsprechend ist die Abströmzone 4 über Kanäle 12 mit einem konzentrisch zum Zuführrohr 11 angeordneten Abführrohr 13 verbunden.The inflow zone 3 is connected via channels 10 to a feed pipe 11, the central axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation 7. Correspondingly, the outflow zone 4 is connected via channels 12 to a discharge pipe 13 arranged concentrically with the feed pipe 11.

Zur Abführung der in der Mahlzone entstehenden Wärme ist der äußere Rotor 5 von einer Kühlzone 14 umgeben, die eine Kühlwasserzuführung 14a und eine Kühlwasserabführung 14b aufweist. Die Fließrichtung des Kühlwassers ist in der Fig.1 mit den Pfeilen 15 dargestellt.To remove the heat generated in the grinding zone, the outer rotor 5 is surrounded by a cooling zone 14 which has a cooling water supply 14a and a cooling water discharge 14b. The direction of flow of the cooling water is shown in FIG. 1 with the arrows 15.

Die gesamte Vorrichtung ist an einem Gehäuserahmen 16 befestigt.The entire device is attached to a housing frame 16.

Wie sich insbesondere in der vergrößerten Teilansicht gemäß Fig.2 erkennen läßt, verläuft der Rückführkanal 2 von der der Auslaßseite 1b der Mahlzone 1 zugewandten Stirnseite 6b des inneren Rotors 6 schräg nach außen zu der der Einlaßseite 1a der Mahlzone 1 zugewandten Stirnseite 6a des inneren Rotors 6. Der Winkel, den der Rückführkanal 2 mit der Rotationsachse 7 einschließt, beträgt zwischen 10 bis 70°, vorzugsweise zwischen 30 bis 60°.As can be seen in particular in the enlarged partial view according to FIG. 2, the return duct 2 runs obliquely outwards from the end face 6b of the inner rotor 6 facing the outlet side 1b of the grinding zone 1 to the end face 6a of the inner rotor facing the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1 6. The angle which the return duct 2 forms with the axis of rotation 7 is between 10 to 70 °, preferably between 30 to 60 °.

Die Zuströmzone 3, die Mahlzone 1 und der daran anschließende Teil der Abströmzone 4 ist in Form eines Ringspaltes ausgebildet. Demgegenüber wird die Rückführzone durch einen oder mehrere Rückführkanäle 2 gebildet.The inflow zone 3, the grinding zone 1 and the adjoining part of the outflow zone 4 is designed in the form of an annular gap. In contrast, the return zone is formed by one or more return channels 2.

Die Mahlzone kann in folgende vier Bereiche unterteilt werden:

  • a) einen von der Einlaßseite 1a der Mahlzone 1 wenigstens annähernd in Verlängerung des Rückführkanals 2 schräg nach außen verlaufenden ersten Bereich 1c,
  • b) einen unter einem spitzen Winkel an den ersten Bereich 1c angrenzenden, annähernd parallel zur Rotationsachse 7 verlaufenden zweiten Bereich 1d,
  • c) einen annähernd parallel zum ersten Bereich 1c schräg nach innen verlaufenden dritten Bereich 1e,
  • d) sowie einen sich unter einem Winkel von annähernd 90° zum Rückführkanal 2 schräg nach innen bis zur Auslaßseite 1b der Mahlzone 1 erstreckenden vierten Bereich 1f.
The grinding zone can be divided into the following four areas:
  • a) a first region 1c, which extends obliquely outwards from the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1, at least approximately as an extension of the return duct 2,
  • b) a second area 1d which adjoins the first area 1c at an acute angle and runs approximately parallel to the axis of rotation 7,
  • c) a third region 1e, which runs approximately parallel to the first region 1c and slants inwards,
  • d) and a fourth region 1f which extends at an angle of approximately 90 ° to the return duct 2 obliquely inwards to the outlet side 1b of the grinding zone 1.

In Fig.5 ist ein Schnitt durch den inneren Rotor 6 längs der Linie V-V dargestellt. Der innere Rotor 6 weist demgemäß im dritten Bereich 1c der Mahlzone 1 eine wellenförmige Oberflächenausbildung auf.5 shows a section through the inner rotor 6 along the line V-V. The inner rotor 6 accordingly has a wavy surface formation in the third region 1c of the grinding zone 1.

Analog ist in Fig.6 ein Schnitt durch den äußeren Rotor 5 längs der Linie VI-VI der Fig.2 dargestellt. Hier weist die zur Abströmzone 4 weisende Oberfläche ebenfalls eine wellenförmige Oberflächenausbildung auf.6 shows a section through the outer rotor 5 along the line VI-VI of FIG. Here, the surface facing the outflow zone 4 likewise has an undulating surface configuration.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung können selbstverständlich auch andere Oberflächenprofilierungen, wie beispielsweise nutförmige, stiftförmige oder nockenförmige Oberflächenausbildungen, verwendet werden. Ebenso ist der Ort dieser Oberflächenprofilierungen nicht auf die in Fig.2 angegebenen Bereiche beschränkt; Oberflächenprofilierungen können vielmehr auch an jeder anderen Stelle der Mahlzone 1, der Zuströmzone 3 und der Abströmzone 4 Verwendung finden.Other surface profiles, such as groove-shaped, pin-shaped or cam-shaped surface configurations, can of course also be used within the scope of the invention. Likewise, the location of these surface profiles is not limited to the areas indicated in FIG. 2; Rather, surface profiles can also be used at any other point in the grinding zone 1, the inflow zone 3 and the outflow zone 4.

In Fig.3 ist eine geschnittene Teilansicht eines zweiten Auführungsbeispieles dargestellt. Für gleiche Teile sind auch hier dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet.3 shows a sectional partial view of a second exemplary embodiment. The same reference numerals are used here for the same parts.

Dieses zweite Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich vom ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig.2 im wesentlichen durch die Ausgestaltung des inneren Rotors 6 und des äußeren Rotors 5 im Bereich der Mahlzone 1′. Die Mahlzone 1′ des zweiten Ausführungsbeispieles läßt sich entsprechend in folgende vier Bereiche unterteilen:

  • a) einen von der Einlaßseite 1′a der Mahlzone 1′ wenigstens annähernd in Verlängerung des Rückführkanals 2 schräg nach außen verlaufenden ersten Bereich 1′c,
  • b) einen unter einem spitzen Winkel an den ersten Bereich 1′c anschließenden, annähernd parallel zur Rotationsachse 7 verlaufenden zweiten Bereich 1′d,
  • c) einen annähernd senkrecht zur Rotationsachse 7 verlaufenden dritten Bereich 1′e,
  • d) sowie einen sich annähernd senkrecht zum Rückführkanal 2 schräg nach innen bis zur Auslaßseite 1′b erstreckenden vierten Bereich 1′f.
This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment according to FIG. 2 essentially by the configuration of the inner rotor 6 and the outer rotor 5 in the region of the grinding zone 1 '. The grinding zone 1 'of the second embodiment can be divided into the following four areas:
  • a) one from the inlet side 1'a of the grinding zone 1 'at least approximately in the extension of the return channel 2 obliquely outwardly extending first area 1'c,
  • b) a second area 1'd adjoining the first area 1'c at an acute angle and running approximately parallel to the axis of rotation 7,
  • c) an approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7 third region 1'e,
  • d) and an approximately perpendicular to the return channel 2 obliquely inward to the outlet side 1'b fourth region 1'f.

In Fig.4 ist eine geschnittene Teilansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispieles dargestellt.4 shows a sectional partial view of a third exemplary embodiment.

Dieses dritte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich vom zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig.3 im wesentlichen nur durch die Ausgestaltung seines dritten Bereichs 1˝e, der zumindest annähernd kreisbogenförmig schräg nach innen verläuft.This third exemplary embodiment differs from the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 essentially only in the configuration of its third region 1e, which extends at least approximately in the shape of an arc in a sloping manner towards the inside.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind selbstverständlich auch andere Ausgestaltungen der Mahlzone denkbar.Of course, other configurations of the grinding zone are also conceivable within the scope of the invention.

Im folgenden wird anhand der Fig.1 und 2 die Funktion der Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Feinzerkleinern und Dispergieren von Feststoffen in Flüssigkeit näher erläutert.In the following, the function of the device for the continuous fine grinding and dispersing of solids in liquid is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Das Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch wird von einer (nicht dargestellten) Pumpe über das Zuführrohr 11 in die Zuströmzone 3 eingeführt. Die Fließrichtung des Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisches ist durch die Pfeile 17 dargestellt. An der Einlaßseite 1a der Mahlzone 1 wird das Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch mit Mahlhilfskörpern 18 vermischt, die in der Mahlzone 1 bis zur Auslaßseite 1b eine kontinuierliche Feinzerkleinerung und Dispergierung der Feststoffe in der Flüssigkeit bewirken. In der Strömung des Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisches werden die Mahlkörper von der Einlaßseite 1a zur Auslaßseite 1b mitgenommen und werden dann entgegen der Strömung durch Fliehkraftwirkung von der Außenseite 1b zur Einlaßseite 1a der Mahlzone 1 zurückgeführt. Demgegenüber wird zumindest ein wesentlicher Teil des Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisches entgegen der Fliehkraftwirkung über die Abströmzone 4 abgeführt.The solid-liquid mixture is introduced into the inflow zone 3 from a pump (not shown) via the feed pipe 11. The direction of flow of the solid-liquid mixture is shown by the arrows 17. At the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1, the solid-liquid mixture is mixed with auxiliary grinding bodies 18, which bring about continuous fine comminution and dispersion of the solids in the liquid in the grinding zone 1 to the outlet side 1b. In the flow of the solid-liquid mixture, the grinding media are carried along from the inlet side 1a to the outlet side 1b and are then returned against the flow by centrifugal force from the outside 1b to the inlet side 1a of the grinding zone 1. In contrast, at least a substantial part of the solid-liquid mixture is discharged via the outflow zone 4 against the effect of centrifugal force.

Verglichen mit bekannten Ausführungen, bei denen sich die Mahlzone zwischen einem Stator und einem Rotor befindet, ergibt sich bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung eine um ein Vielfaches erhöhte Fliehkraft dadurch, daß neben dem inneren Rotor 6 auch der äußere Rotor 5 im gleichen Drehsinn angetrieben werden. Wird beispielsweise bei der bekannten Ausführung gemäß DE-OS 37 16 295 der Rotor mit einer Drehzahl von 1.500 U/min angetrieben, während die andere Wand der Mahlzone als Stator stillsteht, so ergibt sich für das Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch mit den Mahlhilfskörpern eine durchschnittliche Drehgeschwindigkeit von 750 U/min. Läßt man demgegenüber erfindungsgemäß die äußere Wandung der Mahlzone mit 3.000 U/min in der gleichen Richtung mitrotieren, so ergibt sich für das Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch und die Mahlhilfskörper eine durchschnittliche Drehgeschwindigkeit von 2.250 U/min. Die damit erzielte Steigerung der Drehgeschwindigkeit um den Faktor 3 führt zu einer Erhöhung der Zentrifugalkräfte um das Neunfache.Compared to known designs, in which the grinding zone is located between a stator and a rotor, the solution according to the invention results in a centrifugal force that is many times higher because, in addition to the inner rotor 6, the outer rotor 5 is also driven in the same direction. For example, in the known version according to DE-OS 37 16 295 the rotor is driven at a speed of 1,500 rpm while the other wall of the grinding zone is stationary as a stator, this results in an average rotation speed of 750 rpm for the solid-liquid mixture with the auxiliary grinding bodies. If, on the other hand, the outer wall of the grinding zone is rotated in the same direction at 3,000 rpm, this results in an average rotational speed of 2,250 rpm for the solid-liquid mixture and the auxiliary grinding bodies. The resulting increase in the rotational speed by a factor of 3 leads to an increase in the centrifugal forces by a factor of nine.

Durch die Erhöhung der Fliehkräfte wird einerseits die Abtrennung der Mahlhilfskörper von dem Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch (im Bereich der Auslaßseite der Mahlzone) und andererseits die Mahlwirkung in der Mahlzone wesentlich verbessert. Durch die erhöhten Fliehkräfte stellt sich ein höherer Mahldruck ein, was die Mahlwirkung verbessert. Weiterhin ist günstig, daß gröbere Feststoffteilchen im allgemeinen länger in der Mahlzone 1 gehalten werden als feinere Partikelchen, die aufgrund der geringeren Massenkräfte von der Strömung leichter ausgetragen werden. Durch eine geeignete Regulierung der Drehzahl beider Rotoren lassen sich auf diese Weise Überkörner, d. h. zu große Feststoffteilchen im Endprodukt, völlig eliminieren.By increasing the centrifugal forces, on the one hand the separation of the auxiliary grinding bodies from the solid-liquid mixture (in the region of the outlet side of the grinding zone) and on the other hand the grinding effect in the grinding zone is significantly improved. The increased centrifugal forces result in a higher grinding pressure, which improves the grinding effect. It is also advantageous that coarser solid particles are generally kept longer in the grinding zone 1 than finer particles, which are more easily carried off by the flow due to the lower mass forces. By appropriately regulating the speed of both rotors, oversize particles, i. H. Solid particles in the end product that are too large must be completely eliminated.

Die Drehzahlen der Rotoren müssen ferner auf die Masse der Mahlhilfskörper und die Stärke der Strömung des Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisches eingestellt werden. Es muß einerseits gewährleistet sein, daß die Mahlhilfskörper in einer Art Kreislauf in der Mahlzone 1 und dem Rückführkanal 2 umlaufen und nicht durch eine zu hohe Fliehkraft in einem Bereich der Mahlzone mit dem größten radialen Abstand von der Rotationsachse 7 gehalten werden. Andererseits muß die Fliehkraft insbesondere im Rückführkanal 2 so groß sein, daß die Mahlhilfskörper entgegen der Strömung des Feststoff-Flüssigkeits-Gemisches von diesem getrennt werden. Die Drehzahlen, mit denen die beiden Rotoren 5, 6 - und damit auch die Wandungen des Strömungsraumes, in dem die Rückführzone (Rückführkanal 2) und die Abströmzone 4 an die Mahlzone 1 anschließen - umlaufen, liegen zweckmäßig zwischen 500 und 20.000 U/min, vorzugsweise zwischen 1.000 und 5.000 U/min. Die Differenz der Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten der beiden die Mahlzone 1 begrenzenden Wandungen liegt zweckmäßig zwischen 5 und 20 m/s, vorzugsweise zwischen 8 und 15 m/s.The speeds of the rotors must also be adjusted to the mass of the auxiliary grinding bodies and the strength of the flow of the solid-liquid mixture. On the one hand, it must be ensured that the auxiliary grinding bodies in a kind of circulation in the grinding zone 1 and Circulate return channel 2 and are not held by an excessive centrifugal force in an area of the grinding zone with the greatest radial distance from the axis of rotation 7. On the other hand, the centrifugal force, in particular in the return channel 2, must be so great that the auxiliary grinding bodies are separated from the solid-liquid mixture against the flow of the latter. The speeds at which the two rotors 5, 6 - and thus also the walls of the flow space in which the return zone (return channel 2) and the outflow zone 4 connect to the grinding zone 1 - are expediently between 500 and 20,000 rpm, preferably between 1,000 and 5,000 rpm. The difference in the peripheral speeds of the two walls delimiting the grinding zone 1 is expediently between 5 and 20 m / s, preferably between 8 and 15 m / s.

Die Größe der Fliehkräfte im Strömungsraum, in dem die Rückführzone (Rückführkanal 2) und die Abströmzone 4 an die Mahlzone 1 anschließen, bzw. in der gesamten Mahlzone 1 läßt sich zum einen über die Drehzahlen der beiden Rotoren 5, 6 und zum anderen durch den konstruktiven radialen Abstand dieser Bereiche von der Rotationsachse 7 einstellen.The size of the centrifugal forces in the flow space in which the return zone (return channel 2) and the outflow zone 4 connect to the grinding zone 1, or in the entire grinding zone 1, can be determined, on the one hand, by the speeds of the two rotors 5, 6 and, on the other hand, by the Set the constructive radial distance of these areas from the axis of rotation 7.

Durch die Rückführung über den Rückführkanal 2 werden die Mahlhilfskörper 18 ständig in Bewegung gehalten, so daß dadurch eine gute Mahlwirkung erreicht wird. Dieser Effekt wird zusätzlich durch Oberflächenprofilierungen auf den die Mahlzone 1 begrenzenden Wandungen und durch die mehrfach unter spitzem bzw. stumpfem Winkel abknickende Mahlzone 1 verstärkt.Through the return via the return channel 2, the auxiliary grinding bodies 18 are constantly kept in motion, so that a good grinding effect is thereby achieved. This effect is additionally reinforced by surface profiling on the walls delimiting the grinding zone 1 and by the grinding zone 1 kinking several times at an acute or obtuse angle.

Der Durchmesserbereich der Mahlhilfskörper kann beispielsweise zwischen 0,1 und 0,5 mm liegen. Selbst bei Mahlhilfskörpern in dieser Abmessungen sind die Massenkräfte so groß, daß ein effektiv hoher Mahleffekt erreicht wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung läßt sich auch bei Vorrichtungen verwirklichen, bei denen - ähnlich der Ausführung gemäß DE-A-37 16 295 - mehrere Mahlzonen (jeweils mit einer Zuströmzone, Abströmzone und Rückführzone versehen) in Reihe hintereinandergeschaltet sind.The diameter range of the auxiliary grinding bodies can be, for example, between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. Even with grinding aids of this size, the mass forces are so great that an effectively high grinding effect is achieved. The solution according to the invention can also be implemented in devices in which - similar to the design according to DE-A-37 16 295 - several grinding zones (each provided with an inflow zone, outflow zone and return zone) are connected in series.

Claims (12)

  1. Method of continuous fine crushing and dispersion of solids in liquid using auxiliary grinding elements (18) which pass together with the solid-liquid mixture (arrow 17) through at least one slit-shaped grinding zone (1, 1′) from the inlet side (1a, 1′a) thereof to the outlet side (1b, 1′b) thereof and are then returned by the effect of centrifugal force via a return zone (return channel 2) from the outlet side (1b, 1′b) to the inlet side (1a, 1′a) of the grinding zone (1, 1′), whilst at least a substantial proportion of the solid-liquid mixture is drawn off against the effect of centrifugal force via a flow-of zone (4), characterised in that at least the walls of the flow chamber in which the return zone (return channel 2) and the flow-off zone (4) are connected to the grinding zone (1, 1′) revolve in the same direction but at different speeds.
  2. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the walls of the grinding zone (1, 1′) and the flow-off zone (4) revolve in the same direction but at different speeds.
  3. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the walls of the flow chamber in which the return zone (return channel 2) and the flow-off zone (4) are connected to the grinding zone (1, 1′) revolve at a speed between 500 and 20,000 r.p.m., preferably between 1,000 and 5,000 r.p.m.
  4. Method as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that in the grinding zone (1, 1′) the difference in the peripheral speeds of the two walls defining the grinding zone is between 5 and 20 m/s, preferably between 8 and 15 m/s.
  5. Apparatus for the continuous fine crushing and dispersion of solids in liquid, using auxiliary grinding elements (18), containing
    a) at least one slit-shaped grinding zone (1, 1′) through which the solid-liquid mixture (arrow 17) and the auxiliary grinding elements (18) pass from the inlet side (1a, 1′a) to the outlet side (1b, 1′b),
    b) a return zone (return channel 2) which returns the auxiliary grinding elements (18) by the effect of centrifugal force from the outlet side (1b, 1′b) to the inlet side (1a, 1′a) of the grinding zone (1, 1′),
    c) a flow-off zone (4) which discharges at least a substantial proportion of the solid-liquid mixture against the effect of centrifugal force,
    characterised in that
    d) at least the flow chamber in which the return zone (return channel 2) and the flow-off zone (4) are connected to the grinding zone (1, 1′) is defined by two walls which revolve in the same direction but at different speeds.
  6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the grinding zone (1, 1′) and the flow-off zone (4) are defined by at least one part of the inner surface of an outer rotor (5) and at least one part of the outer surface of an inner rotor (6), the outer and inner rotors having a common axis of rotation (7).
  7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the return zone is formed by at least one return channel (2) which runs from the end face (6b) of the inner rotor (6) facing the outlet side (1b, 1′b) of the grinding zone (1, 1′) diagonally outwards to the end face (6a) of the inner rotor (6) facing the inlet side (1a, 1′a) of the grinding zone (1, 1′), and the angle which the return channel (2) encloses with the axis of rotation (7) is between 10 and 70°, preferably between 30 and 60°.
  8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the grinding zone (1, 1′) and the part of the flow-off zone (4) connected to it has the form of a ring slot.
  9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterised by a grinding zone (1) with
    a) a first region (1c) which runs diagonally outwards from the inlet side (1a) of the grinding zone (1) at least approximately in an extension of the return channel (2),
    b) a second region (1d) which adjoins the first region (1c) at an acute angle and runs approximately parallel to the axis of rotation (7),
    c) a third region (1e) which runs diagonally inwards approximately parallel to the first region (1c),
    d) and a fourth region (1f) which extends diagonally inwards approximately at right angles to the return channel (2) as far as the outlet side (1b) of the grinding zone (1).
  10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterised by a grinding zone (1′) with
    a) a first region (1′c) which runs diagonally outwards from the inlet side (1′a) of the grinding zone (1′) at least approximately in an extension of the return channel (2),
    b) a second region (1′d) which adjoins the first region (1′c) at an acute angle and runs approximately parallel to the axis of rotation (7),
    c) a third region (1′e) which runs approximately at right angles to the axis of rotation (7),
    d) and a fourth region (1′f) which extends diagonally inwards approximately at right angles to the return channel (2) as far as the outlet side (1′b).
  11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterised by a grinding zone (1′) with
    a) a first region (1′c) which runs diagonally outwards from the inlet side (1′a) of the grinding zone (1′) at least approximately in an extension of the return channel (2),
    b) a second region (1′d) which adjoins the first region (1′c) at an acute angle and runs approximately parallel to the axis of rotation (7),
    c) a third region (1˝e) which runs diagonally inwards in an at least approximately circular shape,
    d) and a fourth region (1′f) which extends diagonally inwards approximately at right angles to the return channel (2) as far as the outlet side (1′b).
  12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that in the region of the grinding zone (1, 1′) and the part of the flow-off zone (4) connected thereto at least a part of the inner surface of the outer rotor (5) and the outer surface of the inner rotor (5) defining the grinding zone and the flow-off zone have profiling on the surface.
EP91111672A 1990-09-14 1991-07-12 Method and apparatus for continuously grinding and dispersing solids in fluids Expired - Lifetime EP0475015B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4029252 1990-09-14
DE4029252A DE4029252A1 (en) 1990-09-14 1990-09-14 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS FINE SIZING AND DISPERSING SOLIDS IN LIQUID

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EP0475015A1 EP0475015A1 (en) 1992-03-18
EP0475015B1 true EP0475015B1 (en) 1994-06-22

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EP (1) EP0475015B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0669539B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE107543T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4029252A1 (en)
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ES (1) ES2056528T3 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4402609C2 (en) * 1994-01-28 1997-05-07 Hosokawa Alpine Ag Agitator ball mill
DE19835555B4 (en) * 1998-08-06 2007-10-04 Bühler AG Method and device for wet grinding and dispersing of solid particles in liquids
JP4451965B2 (en) * 2000-05-18 2010-04-14 株式会社井上製作所 Pipeline bead mill
JP6862020B1 (en) * 2020-06-22 2021-04-21 淺田鉄工株式会社 Distributed system
JP6919940B1 (en) * 2020-06-22 2021-08-18 淺田鉄工株式会社 Disperser
CN113289731B (en) * 2021-05-20 2023-07-18 博亿(深圳)工业科技有限公司 Grinding system and method with multiple dispersion speeds

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FR86283E (en) * 1961-11-03 1966-03-30
DE2811899C2 (en) * 1978-03-18 1984-12-06 Fryma-Maschinen Ag, Rheinfelden Gap ball mill
DD146394A1 (en) * 1979-10-15 1981-02-11 Robert Habel DEVICE FOR INTENSIVELY MIXING FINE-CORE SOLIDS WITH LIQUIDS
DD272039A1 (en) * 1987-05-11 1989-09-27 Nagema Veb K DEVICE FOR PREPARING FINE-PARTICLE DISPERSIONS
DE3716295A1 (en) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-24 Fryma Maschinenbau Gmbh SPLIT BALL MILL FOR CONTINUOUS FINE-SIZING, ESPECIALLY UNLOCKING MICRO-ORGANISMS AND DISPERSING SOLIDS IN LIQUID

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JPH04247248A (en) 1992-09-03
EP0475015A1 (en) 1992-03-18
ATE107543T1 (en) 1994-07-15
ES2056528T3 (en) 1994-10-01
JPH0669539B2 (en) 1994-09-07
DE4029252A1 (en) 1992-03-19
DK0475015T3 (en) 1994-11-07

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