EP0473973A1 - Procédé pour le traitement de plaques d'impression intaglio - Google Patents

Procédé pour le traitement de plaques d'impression intaglio Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0473973A1
EP0473973A1 EP91113491A EP91113491A EP0473973A1 EP 0473973 A1 EP0473973 A1 EP 0473973A1 EP 91113491 A EP91113491 A EP 91113491A EP 91113491 A EP91113491 A EP 91113491A EP 0473973 A1 EP0473973 A1 EP 0473973A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outer layer
copper
layer
metallic
zinc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91113491A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0473973B1 (fr
Inventor
Max Dätwyler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daetwyler Global Tec Holding AG
Original Assignee
MDC Max Daetwyler AG Bleienbach
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MDC Max Daetwyler AG Bleienbach filed Critical MDC Max Daetwyler AG Bleienbach
Publication of EP0473973A1 publication Critical patent/EP0473973A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0473973B1 publication Critical patent/EP0473973B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/02—Engraving; Heads therefor
    • B41C1/04—Engraving; Heads therefor using heads controlled by an electric information signal
    • B41C1/05—Heat-generating engraving heads, e.g. laser beam, electron beam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for processing at least one gravure printing form consisting of at least one base body and a metallic outer layer carried by it, and a printing form suitable for carrying out this method.
  • DE-PS en 27 09 554 and 27 19 275 describes devices for laser processing of gravure cylinders of a conventional type, i.e. That is, gravure cylinders with an outer layer made of electrolytically applied copper. In practice, however, the laser processing of gravure cylinders with an outer copper layer could not prevail.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a method of the type mentioned at the outset for the laser processing of the metallic outer layer of printing forms which can be successfully used under the conditions prevailing in practice.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that the laser processing of gravure printing forms, in particular gravure cylinders, of the conventional type with an outer layer made of copper is associated with difficulties for the following reasons.
  • Figures 1-4 show excerpts from variously designed gravure forms.
  • the printing form 1 shown only in part in FIG. 1 (in the present case a gravure cylinder as a preferred embodiment) has a base body 2 made of a suitable material, e.g. Steel, aluminum or plastic.
  • a metallic intermediate layer 3 is applied to this base body 2 in a known manner, preferably galvanically.
  • the intermediate layer 3 consists for example of copper or zinc.
  • This intermediate layer 3, which serves to adapt to different cylinder diameters, is also present in the embodiments according to FIGS. 2-4, but is no longer shown in these figures.
  • this material has an abrasion and compressive strength that is at least as high as that of copper.
  • this material can be machined at least as well as copper and allows the reproducibility of the grid pattern, which is comparable to that of copper.
  • a material that has these properties and that also meets the printing requirements is in particular zinc or a zinc alloy.
  • these metals and metal alloys must also meet the printing requirements and in particular enable a very high quality of the surface 4a of the outer layer 4. Furthermore, it is important that the ratchet cups 5 can be lifted out in the outer layer 4 by means of laser beams at a very high speed. The latter requirement is particularly important for the processing of gravure cylinders.
  • a heat-insulating intermediate layer 6 is arranged below the metallic outer layer 4, which largely prevents the outflow of the heat generated during laser processing from the outer layer 4 into the intermediate layer 3 or the base body 2.
  • This heat insulation can be influenced on the one hand by the choice of a material with heat-insulating properties and on the other hand by the thickness of the layer 6.
  • Possible materials for this heat-insulating layer 6 are: plastic, ceramic, metals or metal alloys with poorer thermal conductivity than the material from which the outer layer 4 is made. Such metals with poor thermal conductivity are e.g. Titanium, tin, zinc etc.
  • other suitable heat insulation materials can of course also be used.
  • the outer layer 4 can also be formed from copper.
  • the outer layer 4 is designed as a so-called dispersion layer, which consists of a carrier or matrix material 8 and particles 7 embedded therein made of a heat-insulating material.
  • These particles 7 can e.g. made of plastic, metal oxides, ceramics, silicon carbide, molybdenum and the like materials.
  • the carrier or matrix material 8 can e.g. Zinc, copper or other metallic materials or their alloys are used.
  • the incorporation of the particles 7 into the outer layer 4 can have a positive influence on the properties of the outer layer 4 which have a significant influence on laser processing, for example the evaporation energy, the conductivity and the absorption properties of the layer 4.
  • the heat flow is not only influenced, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, towards the base body 2, but also spatially, i.e. also in the direction of the course of the outer layer 4.
  • these particles 8 also significantly reduce the heat outflow in the outer layer, as a result of which, for example, the deformation of extremely thin well walls can be prevented.
  • the embedded particles 7 are selected in terms of shape, size and number per unit volume so that the respective printing requirements (e.g. print quality) can be met.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment is described in FIG. 4.
  • a cover layer 9 is applied to the surface 4a of the outer layer 4, which consists of an abrasion and wear-resistant material, e.g. made of chrome or a metal oxide.
  • the grid cells 5 are then worked directly through this wear-resistant cover layer 9 into the underlying material of the outer layer 4.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that printing form 1 is available for printing directly after laser processing, since chrome layer 9, which is usually only applied after engraving, is already present.
  • the material that is used to form the cover layer 9 should form a very stable oxide on its surface, which makes the adhesion of other materials very difficult or even prevents it. This is the case with chrome, for example.
  • the metallic outer layer 4 can consist of zinc or its alloys or also other metals and metal alloys including copper. In addition, it is also conceivable to produce the outer layer 4 from a suitable plastic.
  • the absorption of the laser beams is increased if the outer layer 4 to be engraved is additionally covered with a black layer.
  • This layer can consist of a chemically or electrochemically applied chromium or chromate layer.
  • the layer can also be applied by means of a plasma or vacuum coating process and can also be made of other materials, e.g. Paint or plastics.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
EP19910113491 1990-09-04 1991-08-12 Procédé pour le traitement de plaques d'impression intaglio Expired - Lifetime EP0473973B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH286490 1990-09-04
CH2864/90 1990-09-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0473973A1 true EP0473973A1 (fr) 1992-03-11
EP0473973B1 EP0473973B1 (fr) 1995-11-29

Family

ID=4243309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910113491 Expired - Lifetime EP0473973B1 (fr) 1990-09-04 1991-08-12 Procédé pour le traitement de plaques d'impression intaglio

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0473973B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04234647A (fr)
DE (1) DE59106977D1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19507827A1 (de) * 1995-02-22 1996-08-29 Hartmut Frerichs Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Druckform für den Offset- oder Tiefdruck
US5555473A (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-09-10 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Engraving system and method for helical or circumferential engraving
US5675420A (en) * 1995-01-23 1997-10-07 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Intaglio engraving method and apparatus
US5886792A (en) * 1993-02-25 1999-03-23 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Engraver for defining/generating edges or edge signals
WO1999064250A1 (fr) * 1998-06-08 1999-12-16 Mdc Max Dätwyler Bleienbach Ag Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un imprime destines a l'industrie graphique
US6025921A (en) * 1995-01-23 2000-02-15 Ohio Electronics Engravers, Inc. Method and apparatus for engraving a mixed pattern
WO2002009941A1 (fr) * 2000-07-29 2002-02-07 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Procede pour graver un chassis d'imprimerie avec un faisceau laser
WO2002040272A1 (fr) 2000-11-15 2002-05-23 Mdc Max Daetwyler Ag Procede de realisation de godets de trame dans une plaque d'heliogravure, et corps de base pouvant etre utilise dans ce procede
US6433890B1 (en) 1998-09-24 2002-08-13 Mdc Max Daetwyler Ag System and method for improving printing of a leading edge of an image in a gravure printing process
EP1334822A2 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-13 Tech Epikos - S.R.L. Procédé et installation permettant de graver au laser de plaques ou cylindres chalcographiques
EP1410923A1 (fr) 2002-10-17 2004-04-21 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Procédé de production d'une forme d'impression pour la rotogravure
EP1637273A2 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-03-22 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Appareil pour la gravure des cellules, creux et évidements sur une plaque d'impression au moyen de lumière laser
EP1985459A3 (fr) * 2007-04-23 2009-07-29 Mdc Max Daetwyler AG Fabrication de formes d'impression à héliogravure
WO2010102808A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Pièce présentant au moins une couche à base de nickel
WO2010102807A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Ensemble à couches à base de nickel pour impression en creux
CN116080252A (zh) * 2023-02-02 2023-05-09 苏州蓝昇精密制版科技有限公司 一种网版及网版制备方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004136674A (ja) * 2002-10-17 2004-05-13 Hell Gravure Systems Gmbh 凹版印刷に用いられる印刷版を製造するための方法、凹版印刷に用いられる印刷版およびその使用
AT504185B1 (de) * 2003-07-03 2009-06-15 Oebs Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung einer druckplatte
JP5077539B2 (ja) * 2007-08-10 2012-11-21 東洋製罐株式会社 凹版の製造方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR825645A (fr) * 1935-05-30 1938-03-09 Procédé pour la fabrication de clichés ou de cylindres d'imprimerie composés de plusieurs couches métalliques
US3474457A (en) * 1967-11-13 1969-10-21 Precision Instr Co Laser recording apparatus
DE2218393A1 (de) * 1972-04-15 1973-10-25 Steigerwald Strahltech Mittels energiestrahls gravierbares werkstueck, insbesondere tiefdruckform oder dergleichen
DE2344233A1 (de) * 1972-09-09 1974-03-21 Newton Horwood Ltd Druckplatte und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
FR2219016A1 (fr) * 1973-02-27 1974-09-20 Laser Graphic Systems Corp
US4060032A (en) * 1975-05-21 1977-11-29 Laser Graphic Systems Corporation Substrate for composite printing and relief plate
DE3035714A1 (de) * 1979-09-26 1981-04-16 Dai Nippon Insatsu K.K., Tokyo Verfahren zur herstellung einer tiefdruckplatte
NL8702724A (nl) * 1987-11-13 1989-06-01 Twentse Graveerind Substraat voorzien van slijtvaste deklaag en werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een dergelijke deklaag.

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR825645A (fr) * 1935-05-30 1938-03-09 Procédé pour la fabrication de clichés ou de cylindres d'imprimerie composés de plusieurs couches métalliques
US3474457A (en) * 1967-11-13 1969-10-21 Precision Instr Co Laser recording apparatus
DE2218393A1 (de) * 1972-04-15 1973-10-25 Steigerwald Strahltech Mittels energiestrahls gravierbares werkstueck, insbesondere tiefdruckform oder dergleichen
DE2344233A1 (de) * 1972-09-09 1974-03-21 Newton Horwood Ltd Druckplatte und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
FR2219016A1 (fr) * 1973-02-27 1974-09-20 Laser Graphic Systems Corp
US4060032A (en) * 1975-05-21 1977-11-29 Laser Graphic Systems Corporation Substrate for composite printing and relief plate
DE3035714A1 (de) * 1979-09-26 1981-04-16 Dai Nippon Insatsu K.K., Tokyo Verfahren zur herstellung einer tiefdruckplatte
NL8702724A (nl) * 1987-11-13 1989-06-01 Twentse Graveerind Substraat voorzien van slijtvaste deklaag en werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een dergelijke deklaag.

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5886792A (en) * 1993-02-25 1999-03-23 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Engraver for defining/generating edges or edge signals
US6525839B1 (en) 1995-01-23 2003-02-25 Mdc Max Daetwyler Ag Engraving system and method for engraving intaglio and non-intaglio patterns
US5892589A (en) * 1995-01-23 1999-04-06 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Engraving system and method for engraving intaglio and non-intaglio patterns
US6025921A (en) * 1995-01-23 2000-02-15 Ohio Electronics Engravers, Inc. Method and apparatus for engraving a mixed pattern
US5675420A (en) * 1995-01-23 1997-10-07 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Intaglio engraving method and apparatus
US5706100A (en) * 1995-02-21 1998-01-06 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Engraving system and method for helical and circumferential engraving
US5555473A (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-09-10 Ohio Electronic Engravers, Inc. Engraving system and method for helical or circumferential engraving
DE19507827A1 (de) * 1995-02-22 1996-08-29 Hartmut Frerichs Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Druckform für den Offset- oder Tiefdruck
DE19507827C2 (de) * 1995-02-22 1999-03-25 Hartmut Frerichs Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Druckform für den Offset- oder Tiefdruck
WO1999064250A1 (fr) * 1998-06-08 1999-12-16 Mdc Max Dätwyler Bleienbach Ag Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un imprime destines a l'industrie graphique
EP1655098A2 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-05-10 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Méthode et appareil pour générer des formes d'impression et forme d'impression
EP1637273A3 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-06-07 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Appareil pour la gravure des cellules, creux et évidements sur une plaque d'impression au moyen de lumière laser
EP1637273A2 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-03-22 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Appareil pour la gravure des cellules, creux et évidements sur une plaque d'impression au moyen de lumière laser
EP1655098A3 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2006-06-07 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Méthode et appareil pour générer des formes d'impression et forme d'impression
US6433890B1 (en) 1998-09-24 2002-08-13 Mdc Max Daetwyler Ag System and method for improving printing of a leading edge of an image in a gravure printing process
WO2002009941A1 (fr) * 2000-07-29 2002-02-07 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Procede pour graver un chassis d'imprimerie avec un faisceau laser
WO2002040272A1 (fr) 2000-11-15 2002-05-23 Mdc Max Daetwyler Ag Procede de realisation de godets de trame dans une plaque d'heliogravure, et corps de base pouvant etre utilise dans ce procede
EP1334822A2 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-13 Tech Epikos - S.R.L. Procédé et installation permettant de graver au laser de plaques ou cylindres chalcographiques
EP1334822A3 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2004-06-30 Tech Epikos - S.R.L. Procédé et installation permettant de graver au laser de plaques ou cylindres chalcographiques
EP1410923A1 (fr) 2002-10-17 2004-04-21 Hell Gravure Systems GmbH Procédé de production d'une forme d'impression pour la rotogravure
EP1985459A3 (fr) * 2007-04-23 2009-07-29 Mdc Max Daetwyler AG Fabrication de formes d'impression à héliogravure
WO2010102808A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Pièce présentant au moins une couche à base de nickel
WO2010102807A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Ensemble à couches à base de nickel pour impression en creux
CN116080252A (zh) * 2023-02-02 2023-05-09 苏州蓝昇精密制版科技有限公司 一种网版及网版制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04234647A (ja) 1992-08-24
EP0473973B1 (fr) 1995-11-29
DE59106977D1 (de) 1996-01-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0473973B1 (fr) Procédé pour le traitement de plaques d'impression intaglio
EP0054165B1 (fr) Cylindre d'impression laminé
DE2634633C2 (de) Stranggießkokille aus einem Kupferwerkstoff, insbesondere zum Stranggießen von Stahl
WO2000060136A1 (fr) Bloc cylindrique en metal leger, procede permettant de le produire et dispositif pour mettre ledit procede en oeuvre
CH677530A5 (fr)
DE3421922C2 (de) Verbundgebilde aus einem keramischen Material und einer Aluminiumlegierung
EP1678733B1 (fr) Procede de production d'un corps composite par soudage a haute temperature d'un composant non metallique a un composant metallique ou non metallique
EP0197374B1 (fr) Rouleau et gaine de rouleau d'impression et leur procédé de fabrication
DE2521377A1 (de) Zerspanwerkzeug und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP1157141B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif permettant d'usiner la surface d'une piece
DE4315813A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckwalzen aus einem metallischen Kernzylinder und einer Kupfer- oder Kupferlegierungsauflage
DE3109096C2 (fr)
DE2333136A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines sintermetallerzeugnisses
EP1333976B1 (fr) Procede de realisation de godets de trame dans une plaque d'heliogravure, et corps de base pouvant etre utilise dans ce procede
DE3601439C1 (de) Schichtverbundwerkstoff,insbesondere fuer Gleit- und Reibelemente,sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE3218100C2 (fr)
CH505693A (de) Offsetdruckplatte
DE2162699A1 (de) Verfahren zur erhoehung der haftfestigkeit von durch thermisches spritzen aufgebrachten schichten
DE3215326C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Verbundwerkstoffes für Brillenfassungen
EP1468761A1 (fr) Cylindre de coulée pour le moulage de feuilles d'aluminium ou d'alliages d'aluminium
DE3326554A1 (de) Hohlladungsauskleidung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE19941564A1 (de) Verfahren zum Bearbeiten einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils
DE19941563A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils
DE102009043594A1 (de) Verfahren zum elektrochemischen Beschichten und Einbau von Partikeln in die Schicht
DE69100405T2 (de) Rasterwalze mit einer gemusterten schicht in einer galvanischen deckschicht und walzkörper für eine derartige walze.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19920312

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19931026

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI NL

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59106977

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19960111

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19960109

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: SCHAAD, BALASS & PARTNER AG

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20000727

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20000830

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010831

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020301

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20020301

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20020724

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20020729

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030812

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20030812

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20100823

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20100824

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 59106977

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 59106977

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20110813