EP0473497A1 - Antennenvorrichtung zum Ausstrahlen und Empfangen von Hochfrequenzwellen - Google Patents

Antennenvorrichtung zum Ausstrahlen und Empfangen von Hochfrequenzwellen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0473497A1
EP0473497A1 EP91402287A EP91402287A EP0473497A1 EP 0473497 A1 EP0473497 A1 EP 0473497A1 EP 91402287 A EP91402287 A EP 91402287A EP 91402287 A EP91402287 A EP 91402287A EP 0473497 A1 EP0473497 A1 EP 0473497A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parasitic
antenna
rods
divider
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91402287A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0473497B1 (de
Inventor
James Audren
Patrice Brault
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Societe dEetudes et de Realisation de Protection Electronique Informatique Electronique Securite Maritime SERPE IESM SA
Original Assignee
Societe dEetudes et de Realisation de Protection Electronique Informatique Electronique Securite Maritime SERPE IESM SA
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Application filed by Societe dEetudes et de Realisation de Protection Electronique Informatique Electronique Securite Maritime SERPE IESM SA filed Critical Societe dEetudes et de Realisation de Protection Electronique Informatique Electronique Securite Maritime SERPE IESM SA
Publication of EP0473497A1 publication Critical patent/EP0473497A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0473497B1 publication Critical patent/EP0473497B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
    • H01Q3/446—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element the radiating element being at the centre of one or more rings of auxiliary elements

Definitions

  • Such devices are more commonly known as electronic guidance generally consisting of several antennas connected by appropriate phase shift networks creating a combination or distribution circuit, the guidance consisting in varying one or more phase shift networks.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks by proposing a device forming a transmitting or receiving antenna of high frequency waves with radiation pattern of variable orientation by rotation using an electronic control circuit. , and characterized in that it comprises at least three parasitic vertical conductive rods arranged concentrically with a fourth vertical central conductive rod connected to the antenna down wire and in that the parasitic rods are brought periodically at least individually to a potential of earth respectively by switching elements controlled by the control circuit so that the parasitic rod (s) to ground form with the central rod one or more tuned doublets and that the parasitic rod (s) remaining non-ground form guiding elements radiation.
  • the control circuit comprises a divider, the outputs of which deliver the control signals respectively from the switching elements in synchronism with a clock signal applied to the clock input of the divider having a frequency multiple of the frequency of each control signal or frequency of rotation of the antenna, the clock signal comprising a resetting signal part of the divider and being transmitted on a conductive line connected to the antenna down wire.
  • the control circuit further comprises a circuit for forming the clock signal comprising a microprocessor or a decoder counter delivering two control signals, one for activating or deactivating a transistor at the frequency multiple of the frequency of rotation of the antenna and the other of activation of another transistor for a period corresponding to said multiple of the frequency of rotation of the antenna at each period of rotation of the antenna, the collectors of the two transistors being connected in common and an emitter-follower transistor, the base of which is controlled by the collectors in common of the other two transistors and supplying on the aforementioned transmission line the clock signal having a low voltage level constituting the reset part of the applied divider to the latter by a reset transistor, followed by high voltage levels applied to the clock input of the divider by a transistor carried saturated by these high levels.
  • a circuit for forming the clock signal comprising a microprocessor or a decoder counter delivering two control signals, one for activating or deactivating a transistor at the frequency multiple of the frequency of rotation of the antenna and the other of activation
  • the device further comprises two inductors of sufficient values to isolate the high frequency signal passing the aforementioned transmission line of the control circuit of the switching elements.
  • the switching elements consist of diodes, the cathodes of which are connected in common to the ground potential and the anodes respectively connected to the lower ends of the parasitic rods, which are also respectively connected to the outputs of the divider of the control circuit by the intermediary of resistances.
  • the antenna according to the invention used as a direction finder, preferably comprises four vertical parasitic conductive rods 1-4 arranged symmetrically to a central vertical conductive rod 5 while being very close to the latter, for example d 'a distance of 0.14X, where is the wavelength of the high frequency signal emitted or received by the antenna.
  • the length of each of the vertical rods 1-5 corresponds to 1 / 4X.
  • the central rod 5 has its lower end electrically connected to an antenna down wire 6 connected to a transmitter or a receiver (not shown) of the high frequency signal.
  • Parasitic stems 1-4 have each of their upper ends extended by a horizontal section 1 a-4a directed towards the upper end of the central rod 5 in order to increase the capacity of the central rod 5 relative to each parasitic surrounding rod 1-4.
  • the lower ends of the parasitic rods 1-4 are respectively connected to the anodes of four variable capacity diodes 7-10, the cathodes of which are connected in common to a ground potential (0 volts).
  • the lower ends of the rods 1-4 are also respectively connected to resistors 11-14, the terminals opposite to those connected to the rods 1-4 are respectively connected to four outputs of an electronic control circuit 15.
  • the circuit 15 is adapted to periodically supply control signals VA, VB, VC, VD respectively of the diodes 7-10 through the resistors 11-14 so as to make the diodes 7-10 successively conductive and thus successively carry the parasitic rods 1-4 to the mass potential.
  • the control circuit 15 comprises an octal divider 16, known per se, whose outputs 00 to Q3 respectively deliver the control signals VA to VD of the diodes 7-10 by the resistors 7-14 in synchronism with a clock signal S obtained from a training circuit 17 which will be described later.
  • the clock input CLK of the divider 16 is connected to the common junction of two resistors R1 and R2, the resistor R1 having its other terminal connected to ground while the other terminal of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector a transistor T1, the base of which is connected to a positive supply potential and to one terminal of a capacitor C1, the other terminal of which is connected to ground.
  • the emitter of transistor T1 is connected to the cathode of a diode D1 for reverse polarization protection of the emitter base of transistor T1.
  • the anode of the diode D1 is connected to a resistor R3 also connected to the base of a transistor T2 for resetting the divider 16.
  • a resistor R4 is connected between the base of the transistor T2 and the ground.
  • the transistor T2 has its emitter connected to ground and its collector connected to the reset or reset input of the divider 16.
  • a resistor R5 also connects the collector of the transistor T2 to the positive supply potential.
  • An inductor L1 connects the anode of the diode D1 to the central conductor 18 of a coaxial cable, which conductor 18 is connected to the antenna down wire 6 via, if necessary, a capacitor C2.
  • the training circuit 17 comprises a transistor T3 connected as an emitter follower with a diode D2 protecting the base-emitter junction of the transistor T3, the emitter of which is connected to a resistor R5 in series with an inductance L2 connected to the conductor 18.
  • the collector of transistor T3 is connected to the positive supply potential and to a resistor R6, the other terminal of which is connected on the one hand to a capacitor C3 having its other terminal to ground and on the other hand to a resistor R7 having its other terminal connected to the base of transistor T3.
  • the base of the transistor T3 is thus connected by the resistor R7 to a power supply decoupled by the capacitor C3 and activated by the resistor R6 from the main power supply.
  • the circuit 17 further comprises two transistors T4 and T5, the bases of which are connected respectively to two resistors R8 and R9.
  • the collector of transistor T4 is connected to a resistor R10 having its other terminal connected to the base of transistor T3 while transistor T5 has its collector connected directly to the base of transistor T3.
  • the transistors T4 and T5 also have their emitters connected to ground.
  • the bases of transistors T4 and T5 are controlled through resistors R8 and R9 by signals from a circuit 19, which can be constituted by a microprocessor or a counter-decoder.
  • the circuit 19 is adapted to activate or deactivate the transistor T4 by a signal having a frequency four times greater than the frequency Fr of rotation of the antenna or the frequency of each control signal VA, VB, VC and VD of LED control 7-10.
  • the circuit 19 is further adapted to activate the transistor T5 by a signal for a duration corresponding to four times the frequency of rotation of the antenna Fr at each complete rotation of the antenna, that is to say that the transistor T5 is activated once each rotation of the antenna for a quarter of the rotation period.
  • the resistors R6, R7 and R10 the voltage at the conductor 18 has the form of the signal S.
  • the signal S comprises a part P1 with a voltage level of approximately 0 volts and a period of a quarter of the period corresponding to the frequency Fr and three clock parts P2-P4, each of a period corresponding to four times the frequency Fr.
  • the inductance L1 supplies the circuit delivering the VA-VD control signals; the central conductor 18 of the coaxial cable being moreover connected to the transmitter or to the receiver of the high frequency signals by means of a capacitor C4.
  • the value of each inductor L1 and L2 must be sufficient to isolate the high frequency signal passing through the conductor 18 of the circuit 15.
  • the circuit 19 drives the bases of the transistors T4 and T5 by the signals defined above and the base of the transistor T3 is controlled by the reader necks of the transistors T4 and T5 so as to provide, via the resistor R5 and the inductor L2 the signal S.
  • the current coming from the inductor L1, via the diode D1 and the transistor T1 charges the supply line of the capacitor C1 to a voltage close to the initial supply voltage, which is in fact the voltage at the capacitor C3 minus the three diode voltage drops, during the three highest voltage levels of the parts P2, P4 of the signal S.
  • the transistor T1 saturates and supplies three clock signals to the divider 16 via the resistors R1 and R2.
  • the transistor T2 is deactivated because its base voltage coming from the resistors R3 and R4 is too low.
  • the deactivated transistor T2 then supplies a positive reset pulse of the divider 16 so as to thus set up a sequence of the outputs Q0, Q1, Q2, Q3 of the divider 16 in synchronism with the waveform of the signal S.
  • the output 00 of the latter provides the voltage VA for controlling the diode 7, the outputs Q1 to Q3 being at the potential of 0 volts.
  • the antenna has been described as comprising four parasitic rods around a central rod but it is understood that the antenna can comprise three parasitic vertical rods arranged concentrically with the central vertical rod so as to be equidistant from one another 120 ° with three switching diodes associated respectively with the three parasitic rods and controlled by the control circuit 15, the divider of which would deliver on its three outputs 00 to Q3 the three control signals VA-VC for switching the corresponding diodes so as to obtain a rotation of the radiation pattern in increments of 120 0.
  • the clock signal S will comprise a part P1 for resetting the divider 16 with a duration equal to one third of the antenna rotation period and two parts P2 and P3 of high levels of one frequency three times the frequency Fr.
  • the antenna can also operate with more than four parasitic rods around the central rod without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the antenna can also operate by switching in diode three diodes with the remaining diode, in the case of four diodes associated respectively with four parasitic rods, in blocking condition, or with two adjacent diodes in the pass position and both other diodes in blocking position.
  • the antenna can be used in an inverted position relative to that of FIG. 1 if this is necessary, as is for example the case on helicopters, airplanes, and .
  • the signal clock S instead of being transmitted on the conductive wire 18 to the divider 16 through the windings L1 and L2 and the transistors T1 and T2, can be transmitted on an independent conductive wire not connected to the antenna down wire 6.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP91402287A 1990-08-21 1991-08-21 Antennenvorrichtung zum Ausstrahlen und Empfangen von Hochfrequenzwellen Expired - Lifetime EP0473497B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9010528A FR2666178A1 (fr) 1990-08-21 1990-08-21 Dispositif formant antenne emettrice ou receptrice d'ondes de haute frequence.
FR9010528 1990-08-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0473497A1 true EP0473497A1 (de) 1992-03-04
EP0473497B1 EP0473497B1 (de) 1994-12-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91402287A Expired - Lifetime EP0473497B1 (de) 1990-08-21 1991-08-21 Antennenvorrichtung zum Ausstrahlen und Empfangen von Hochfrequenzwellen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5235343A (de)
EP (1) EP0473497B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE115336T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69105670D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2666178A1 (de)

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US6989797B2 (en) * 1998-09-21 2006-01-24 Ipr Licensing, Inc. Adaptive antenna for use in wireless communication systems
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US3560978A (en) * 1968-11-01 1971-02-02 Itt Electronically controlled antenna system
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE115336T1 (de) 1994-12-15
FR2666178A1 (fr) 1992-02-28
DE69105670D1 (de) 1995-01-19
EP0473497B1 (de) 1994-12-07
US5235343A (en) 1993-08-10
FR2666178B1 (de) 1997-02-07

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