EP0470503A1 - Procédé de fabrication de produits métalliques avec surface résistant à l'usure - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de produits métalliques avec surface résistant à l'usure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0470503A1
EP0470503A1 EP91112935A EP91112935A EP0470503A1 EP 0470503 A1 EP0470503 A1 EP 0470503A1 EP 91112935 A EP91112935 A EP 91112935A EP 91112935 A EP91112935 A EP 91112935A EP 0470503 A1 EP0470503 A1 EP 0470503A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adhesive
particles
sand core
wear
sieve plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91112935A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gopal Subray Revankar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deere and Co
Original Assignee
Deere and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/564,184 external-priority patent/US5190092A/en
Priority claimed from US07/564,185 external-priority patent/US5190091A/en
Application filed by Deere and Co filed Critical Deere and Co
Publication of EP0470503A1 publication Critical patent/EP0470503A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal

Definitions

  • the mechanical properties of cast iron made by an EPC process are inferior to that of sand or core castings due to the presence of carbon defects. Furthermore, the EPC process requires special precautionary measures to keep small changes in shape during casting.
  • the EPC process has only been described for iron, but not for aluminum alloys. Instead, a composite material made of aluminum with a cylindrical shape was produced by centrifuging a slurry mixture of molten aluminum and fine carbide particles in such a way that a higher concentration of the metal or carbide is secreted on the outer circumference of the cylinder as required.
  • a method is not suitable for heavy carbides such as tungsten carbide, the density of which is more than five times greater than the density of aluminum, so that it is not possible to keep these particles in a slurry mixture.
  • this method is unsuitable for applying a hard, wear-resistant layer to selected areas of a casting, which in particular has a complex shape.
  • the known methods are particularly unsuitable for the production of abrasion-resistant surfaces of great thickness. If large thicknesses are to be produced in the known processes, the penetration of liquid metal is difficult to achieve. The carbide particles are not trapped in the metal and tend to flake off.
  • the object to be achieved with the invention is seen in specifying a method of the type mentioned at the outset by which the problems mentioned are overcome and which is also particularly suitable for the production of thicker wear-resistant layers when using larger particles.
  • the present invention can be applied to the casting of any known type of iron. However, it is particularly suitable in the production of cast iron, in particular ductile iron or gray cast iron.
  • the process is also suitable for any aluminum alloy.
  • a preferred aluminum alloy contains a copper portion, which improves the wettability of the carbides.
  • the copper content is preferably 3 to 5% by weight, 4% by weight being particularly preferred. Specific examples of such alloys include the AA designation of the 2XX.X alloy series, such as 201.0, 206.0 and the like.
  • Large particles of a hard, wear-resistant or abrasion-resistant material are preferably used in the present invention can.
  • a particle size between 2 and 3 mm is particularly preferred.
  • the size of all particles of a charge is preferably within a tolerance range of plus / minus 0.5 mm around the average particle size.
  • the particles are preferably substantially spherical, which can facilitate use and meet other usage requirements.
  • the particle shape is not particularly important for the present invention.
  • any hard material commonly used, such as tungsten carbide, chromium carbide, etc., or a mixture of these materials can be used as the hard, abrasion and wear-resistant material in the present invention.
  • this material can contain a carrier metal.
  • z. B a metal of the iron group, preferably cobalt when used with tungsten carbide, or nickel when used with chromium carbide, etc.
  • the carrier metal may be required to produce the preferred spherical shape.
  • an organic high-temperature adhesive is preferably used as the adhesive.
  • high temperature it is meant that the adhesive has a pour point that is higher than the iron or aluminum casting temperature.
  • Any suitable adhesive can be used in the present invention.
  • the adhesive contains a ceramic high-temperature binder, for example Ceramabond 569 from Aremco Products, Inc. USA, which is a protected high-temperature binder and contains oxides of aluminum, silicon and potassium in a gelatinous aqueous suspension and which has a maximum use temperature of about 1650 ° C.
  • Ceramic high-temperature binder for example Ceramabond 569 from Aremco Products, Inc. USA, which is a protected high-temperature binder and contains oxides of aluminum, silicon and potassium in a gelatinous aqueous suspension and which has a maximum use temperature of about 1650 ° C.
  • Other suitable high-temperature binders are offered, for example, by the company Cotronics Corporation, USA.
  • an air-set process air hardening without the supply of heat
  • the sand core can be made in a known process. For example, various suitable methods for sand formation are described in the ASM Metals Handbook, Volume 5, 8th Edition.
  • the method according to the invention preferably applies a single-layer parts layer to an adhesive layer, which in turn is placed on the core surface. Since the adhesive film on the particles prevents the carbides from being wetted by the molten metal, there is only minimal surface contact, preferably point contact, between the particles and the adhesive during the bond to the core. Furthermore, the particles are preferably evenly distributed on the core, i.e. without adjacent contact, which enables easy flow of metal and slag around each particle and thus forms a high quality bond. The slag is formed according to the interaction between the carbides, the molten metal and the high temperature adhesive.
  • the method according to the present invention can be used for the production of iron or aluminum products with a wide range of applications.
  • complex components with a wear-resistant surface, such as rotor housings, can be produced.
  • the method requires lower costs compared to known methods.
  • the process provides a composite with uniform tribological properties over the entire composite surface.
  • a sieve plate 10 for example a metal sheet with a certain hole arrangement and certain hole diameters, preferably a hexagonal hole arrangement with optimal packing, is used.
  • the thickness of the sieve plate 10 is preferably less than the average particle diameter and is advantageously between about 1/2 and about 3/4 of the average particle diameter, so that the particles 12 protrude slightly above the sieve plate 10 when it rests on a support plate 14.
  • the sieve plate 10 can consist of a steel or plastic sheet (e.g. polycarbonate) of the required thickness, into which holes are drilled.
  • the particles 12, 16 are distributed over the sieve plate 10 (Fig. 1a) and excess particles 16 removed.
  • This removal can be done in any suitable manner.
  • the sieve plate 10 is raised by an amount which corresponds approximately to the particle radius (FIG. 2).
  • the excess particles 16 can then simply be wiped off the sieve plate 10.
  • the sieve plate 10 can then be lowered again (FIG. 1 c), so that the upper regions of the particles 12 protrude beyond the upper surface of the sieve plate 14 and form a geometric distribution pattern (FIG. 1 d).
  • An adhesive or adhesive layer is applied to the sand core at those points where a wear-resistant layer is to be created.
  • the adhesive layer can be applied to the sand core by any suitable means, for example by brushing or spraying.
  • the adhesive layer preferably has a thickness of at least 0.1 mm, in particular a thickness between 0.1 and 0.5 mm and particularly preferably between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.
  • FIG. 2 shows an adhesive tape 18 on which tungsten carbide particles having a diameter of 2 mm are distributed in a dense single-layer package.
  • any tape whose adhesive effect is high enough to hold heavy, for example densely packed carbide particles in a defined position and low enough to release the particles is suitable as adhesive tape if the adhesive tape is peeled off the carbide strip after the adhesive has set Has.
  • adhesive tape if the adhesive tape is peeled off the carbide strip after the adhesive has set Has.
  • 3M 404 type adhesive tapes with a high adhesive strength rubber adhesive or 3M 9415 or Y928 type adhesive tape with lower adhesive strength are suitable.
  • the adhesive tape is then placed on the adhesive layer of the sand core in such a way that the carbide particles form only minimal contact with the adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive tape can be moved without disturbing the distribution pattern of the particles or changing the contact area between the adhesive and the particles until the adhesive has set. This independence allows the adhesive tape to be precisely positioned on the sand core.
  • hot air can be blown onto the adhesive tape for a sufficient period of time, for example 25 to 30 seconds, to dry the adhesive layer sufficiently and to spatially fix the particles and the adhesive tape so that the sand core can be handled without the distribution pattern of the particles disturb.
  • a plate made of a polymerization product for example a polycarbonate sieve plate from Plascore Inc.
  • These sieve plates are sufficiently flexible to apply the distribution of the carbide particles directly to the sand core without using an adhesive tape.
  • the adhesive is applied to the sand core surface, the sieve plate is placed on the adhesive layer, the particles are distributed over the sieve plate and the sieve plate is lifted off the sand core after the adhesive layer has set.
  • the mesh size is chosen so that only one particle can be taken up by a mesh. However, if large or complicated surfaces are to be produced, the adhesive tape process is preferred.
  • the adhesive is set.
  • setting takes place at room temperature within 16 hours or at 50 C in 8 hours.
  • the adhesive tape can be removed.
  • a pattern of the carbide particles remains firmly anchored on the sand core surface.
  • 3 shows a sand core surface with several strips of spherical tungsten carbide particles, from which an adhesive tape has been peeled off.
  • the liquid iron or the liquid aluminum alloy can be cast around the carbide by any known casting method, for example by gravity casting, pressure die casting, vacuum casting or the like. For easy handling, pouring using gravity is preferred. It has been found that in metal casting, the use of carbide particles with a reducing surface, for example particles that have been subjected to hydrogen reduction treatment, improves the bond between the particles and metal and can reduce or avoid carbide losses during casting.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the surface of a ductile iron cast with a tungsten carbide surface impregnation.
  • 5 shows an aluminum casting.
  • 5a and 5b show copper-coated or untreated carbides after casting.
  • the copper-coated or untreated carbides are ground.
  • the thickness of the sieve plate is slightly larger than the average particle radius.
  • the sieve plate is raised over the steel support plate by a height that corresponds approximately to the particle radius. Excess particles are scraped off the sieve plate. The sieve plate is then lowered onto the support plate again, so that the upper regions of the particles protrude above the sieve plate.
  • a 3M 404 type of adhesive tape is placed on the distribution pattern of the particles and lightly pressed on. The adhesive tape with the particles adhering to it is then lifted up and used for further use.
  • the adhesive is set at 50 ° C. over a period of 8 hours, and the adhesive tape is removed from its surface after the sand core has cooled to room temperature.
  • Liquid iron or liquid aluminum with 4% by weight copper is poured around the carbide particles to produce a composite coating casting.
  • the high-temperature adhesive with the sand core can be easily separated from the carbide particles defined on the casting surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
EP91112935A 1990-08-08 1991-08-01 Procédé de fabrication de produits métalliques avec surface résistant à l'usure Withdrawn EP0470503A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/564,184 US5190092A (en) 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 Method of impregnation of iron with a wear-resistant material
US07/564,185 US5190091A (en) 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 Method of impregnation of aluminum alloy with a wear-resistant material
US564185 1990-08-08
US564184 1990-08-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0470503A1 true EP0470503A1 (fr) 1992-02-12

Family

ID=27073488

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91112935A Withdrawn EP0470503A1 (fr) 1990-08-08 1991-08-01 Procédé de fabrication de produits métalliques avec surface résistant à l'usure

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0470503A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0552666A1 (fr) * 1992-01-21 1993-07-28 Deere & Company Procédé de fabrication d'objets plastiques comportant des surfaces dures et résistantes à l'usure
EP0554683A1 (fr) * 1992-01-21 1993-08-11 Deere & Company Procédé pour changer la surface des produits coulés par imprégnation de poudre
DE4424853A1 (de) * 1994-07-14 1996-01-18 Verschleis Technik Dr Ing Hans Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zumindest bereichsweise durch eingegossene Hartstoffteilchen verschleißbeständigen Werkzeuges sowie Mischerschaufel, hergestellt nach diesem Verfahren
WO1996002340A1 (fr) * 1994-07-18 1996-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Couche de protection contre l'usure de cylindres de coulage
CN114378261A (zh) * 2022-02-24 2022-04-22 德清县东旭合金钢铸造有限公司 一种双金属合金钢板的铸造工艺

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1508887A1 (de) * 1966-08-27 1970-03-05 Kloth Senking Ag Mit stueckigen Einschlusskoerpern versehener Gussteil
DE2723353A1 (de) * 1977-05-24 1978-11-30 Permanence Corp Metall-wolframkarbid-zusammensetzung und verfahren zu deren herstellung
EP0280830A1 (fr) * 1987-03-02 1988-09-07 Battelle Memorial Institute Procédé de production de composites coulés en métal ou en alliage renforçés avec des matériaux fibreux ou particulaires

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1508887A1 (de) * 1966-08-27 1970-03-05 Kloth Senking Ag Mit stueckigen Einschlusskoerpern versehener Gussteil
DE2723353A1 (de) * 1977-05-24 1978-11-30 Permanence Corp Metall-wolframkarbid-zusammensetzung und verfahren zu deren herstellung
EP0280830A1 (fr) * 1987-03-02 1988-09-07 Battelle Memorial Institute Procédé de production de composites coulés en métal ou en alliage renforçés avec des matériaux fibreux ou particulaires

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0552666A1 (fr) * 1992-01-21 1993-07-28 Deere & Company Procédé de fabrication d'objets plastiques comportant des surfaces dures et résistantes à l'usure
EP0554683A1 (fr) * 1992-01-21 1993-08-11 Deere & Company Procédé pour changer la surface des produits coulés par imprégnation de poudre
US5288353A (en) * 1992-01-21 1994-02-22 Deere & Company Method for forming a polymeric plastic product having a hard wear-resistant surface
US5299620A (en) * 1992-01-21 1994-04-05 Deere & Company Metal casting surface modification by powder impregnation
DE4424853A1 (de) * 1994-07-14 1996-01-18 Verschleis Technik Dr Ing Hans Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zumindest bereichsweise durch eingegossene Hartstoffteilchen verschleißbeständigen Werkzeuges sowie Mischerschaufel, hergestellt nach diesem Verfahren
DE4424853C2 (de) * 1994-07-14 2000-03-23 Verschleis Technik Dr Ing Hans Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zumindest bereichsweise durch eingegossene Hartstoffteilchen verschleißbeständigen Werkzeuges sowie Mischerschaufel, hergestellt nach diesem Verfahren
WO1996002340A1 (fr) * 1994-07-18 1996-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Couche de protection contre l'usure de cylindres de coulage
CN114378261A (zh) * 2022-02-24 2022-04-22 德清县东旭合金钢铸造有限公司 一种双金属合金钢板的铸造工艺
CN114378261B (zh) * 2022-02-24 2023-12-05 德清县东旭合金钢铸造有限公司 一种双金属合金钢板的铸造工艺

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