Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W84/00—Network topologies
  • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
  • H04W84/022—One-way selective calling networks, e.g. wide area paging
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/14—Relay systems
  • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
  • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
  • H04B7/18521—Systems of inter linked satellites, i.e. inter satellite service

Definitions

• This invention relates in general to a satellite communications system and more particularly to a selective call receiver satellite communications system providing an increased probability of reception by selective call receivers.
• Known satellite communications systems provide point-to-point communication.
• a satellite relays information received from a transmitter on earth, possibly through one or more other satellites, by retransmitting the information to an area on earth.
• the retransmission strength is limited due to power limitations within the satellites. Since some receivers, i.e., selective call receivers, may be located in areas such as buildings in which the retransmission may not penetrate, not all retransmissions will be received.
• a method comprising the step of relaying, from two or more locations via at least one satellite, a transmission to a receiver.
• FIG. 1 is an illustration of a conventional plurality of satellites orbiting earth.
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram of components within a satellite.
• FIG. 3 illustrates two satellites in orbit above earth receiving and retransmitting a signal in accordance with the preferred embodiment at a first point in time.
• FIG. 4 illustrates two satellites in orbit above earth receiving and retransmitting the signal in accordance with the preferred embodiment at a second point in time.
• FIG. 5 illustrates radio antenna lobes of two orbiting satellites in accordance with the preferred embodiment.
• a satellite configuration for a satellite communication system comprises a plurality of satellites, i.e., 10, 11, 20 and 21 in low earth orbit in one of a plurality of orbiting planes A, B, C, D, E, and F which are highly inclined in nature and provide comprehensive communication coverage for the earth 12.
• each satellite 10, 11, 20 and 21 contains satellite communications circuitry 13, suitable antennas 14 and 15, i.e., helicals antennas for up /down links and lenses for cross links, respectively and an unfolding array of solar cells 16 along with storage batteries connected to the solar cells to provide power for the communications system.
• the solar cell array 16 is opened after being placed in orbit by a launching vehicle and the communications system thereby activated.
• Each satellite 10, 11, 20 and 21 acts as a platform for relaying a transmission from a transmitter 17 to a receiver 18.
• the transmitters and receivers may be located on the ground, on a vehicle in the air or on the water, in different parts of the globe, etc.
• a plurality of receivers 18, such as selective call receivers including pagers are relatively fixed in position at any given time while the satellites 11 are in continuous movement. Although the user of a receiver 18 may "roam", this distance is relatively small compared to the traveling distance of the satellite overhead.
• Each satellite communications circuitry 13 comprises a microprocessor for determining how the transmission is to be relayed to the appropriate receiver 18 in a manner to be described hereinafter.
• the receiver may be located in an area of limited reception, such as between buildings 19.
• information is transmitted from the transmitter 17 to the satellite 10, which is then relayed (retransmitted) down to the receiver 18. Further, the information may be transmitted to the satellite 11, either from the transmitter 17 or relayed from the satellite 10.
• the satellite 11 retransmits the information to the receiver 18 from a location different than the location from which satellite 10 previously retransmitted. The information may be transmitted to the satellite 11 at the second point in time by the transmitter 17 or from satellite 10 or from another satellite.
• the first and second points in time may differ from a few seconds to several minutes, for example.
• the probability of reception of the information by the receiver 18 is increased since the receiver receives the transmissions from different angles. These different angles generally have different multipath reflections, creating different signal levels at the point of reception.
• the system selects which satellite (the general direction from which the signal is received) and at what time (the angle of incidence) the relay is accomplished, thereby maximizing the probability of reception.
• the system performs these decisions through known computer optimization techniques and is preferably located on the ground, but may alternatively reside in one or more of the satellites.
• the receiver 18 may change its position within the transmission area between the first and second points in time, the probability of reception may be further increased.
• each of the satellites typically may project four or more lobes (generally shown as circularly areas) onto the earth which are achieved via antennas 14 with fixed beam widths appropriate to the number of lobes.
• the lobes are illustrated as four circles, it would be understood by those skilled in the art that the lobes could comprise various shapes and numbers.
• the satellites 10 and 20 are in a north to south polar orbit "E” and the satellites 11 and 21 are in a north to south polar orbit "D", although other orbits including opposing orbits could be used.
• the transmitter 17 sends the information to an overhead satellite which could be any one of the satellites in the particular orbit near the transmitter 17.
• the transmitter 17 may send the information to the satellite 10 for retransmission to the receiver 18 at "A".
• the user of the receiver 18 would have previously informed the system of the receiver's location, i.e., within a particular city.
• the information is retransmitted from the satellite 11 to the receiver 18 at "A+".
• the information may be passed through several satellites from the transmitter 17 before being transmitted to the receiver 18.
• example "B” illustrates the transmissions from two satellites 11 and 21 in the same orbit
• example "C” illustrates the transmissions from two lobes 23 and either 24 or 25 from the same satellite 21
• example "D” illustrates the transmissions from the same lobe 26 from the same satellite 20.
• the information may be passed to the second satellite 11 during either the first or second point in time and from any one of several sources such as any satellite or the transmitter 17.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
• Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
• Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
• Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (3)

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• 1990
  • 1990-10-22 DE DE69019825T patent/DE69019825T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-10-22 EP EP90916632A patent/EP0466843B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-10-22 ES ES90916632T patent/ES2073040T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-10-22 WO PCT/US1990/006043 patent/WO1991007025A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1990-10-22 AT AT90916632T patent/ATE123365T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-10-22 AU AU67129/90A patent/AU649426B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1990-10-22 DK DK90916632.4T patent/DK0466843T3/da active
• 1991
  • 1991-10-16 CA CA002053597A patent/CA2053597C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-06-26 HK HK99997A patent/HK99997A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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