EP0466749B1 - Lampe fluorescente - Google Patents

Lampe fluorescente Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0466749B1
EP0466749B1 EP90905491A EP90905491A EP0466749B1 EP 0466749 B1 EP0466749 B1 EP 0466749B1 EP 90905491 A EP90905491 A EP 90905491A EP 90905491 A EP90905491 A EP 90905491A EP 0466749 B1 EP0466749 B1 EP 0466749B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluorescent lamp
discharge vessel
lamp according
rectifier
resistance wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90905491A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0466749A1 (fr
Inventor
Claus Reinig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REINIG, WERNER
Original Assignee
Reinig Werner
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reinig Werner filed Critical Reinig Werner
Priority to AT90905491T priority Critical patent/ATE90476T1/de
Publication of EP0466749A1 publication Critical patent/EP0466749A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0466749B1 publication Critical patent/EP0466749B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/52—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluorescent lamp, in particular a mercury discharge lamp, with a translucent discharge vessel, a ballast and a lamp connection device which serves to make electrical contact with the network.
  • fluorescent lamps generally consist of an elongated glass discharge vessel, at the ends of which glow electrodes are melted. As a rule, the vessel is evacuated and filled with krypton, argon and mercury.
  • Known fluorescent lamps are usually operated on mains voltage.
  • a choke coil and a glow starter are required to ignite the gas discharge.
  • the choke and the starter cause additional consumption of energy or a reduction in the efficiency, and also an inductive or reactive current load on the AC network. In addition, further compensation and radio interference suppression measures are necessary.
  • Fluorescent lamps with an attached power supply unit are also known, which rectify the AC voltage from the network for DC operation.
  • the direct current must be modulated and / or chopped at high frequency in order to prevent polarization at the glow electrode ends of the discharge vessel; otherwise mercury present in the discharge vessel would precipitate at one end of the discharge vessel, which would then become unusable within a few hours.
  • high-pressure sodium vapor lamps are known (US Pat. No. 3,755,708, US Pat. No. 3,757,159), which, although also gas discharge lamps, are not fluorescent lamps. These are each equipped with a heating wire, but without an integrated ballast.
  • US Pat. No. 4,654,774 proposes a direct current supply for discharge lamps, but without the use of a heating wire or an ignition network; the structural design of the lamp connection base is also shown.
  • Philips SL lamp Philips, Compact Lighting Catalog, 4/81, pp. 139-140; "How does it work? The technology in the life of today ", published by the natural science and technology editorial team of the Bibliographical institute in 1986, Meyers Lexikonverlag Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich).
  • the ballast is formed with a fixed choke coil so that it can be operated with alternating current. Consequently, this previously known lamp is not provided with a heating wire, which would be superfluous in AC operation.
  • the disadvantages described above are accepted.
  • the problem underlying the invention arises, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned, of creating an energy-saving and at the same time reliable operation fluorescent lamp with only little additional circuitry, in particular standard fluorescent tubes commercially available.
  • the ballast has an ignition network and an AC rectifier which in each case have direct current in the discharge vessel and an ohmic heating wire extending along and in thermal contact therewith Continuous operation feeds, and that the supply device with the lamp connection device is structurally integrated.
  • the discharge vessel is in constant thermal contact with a heater structurally integrated with the fluorescent lamp during operation according to the invention, with which the operating temperature for the discharge gas located in the vessel can be optimized.
  • Mercury as a discharge gas for example, can thus be heated to a temperature at which it is constantly in the vapor or gaseous state (exceeding its boiling point temperature), and is therefore distributed throughout the entire discharge vessel due to the heating and not at one of the glow electrode ends of the discharge vessel precipitates, although the glow electrodes are subjected to direct current operation and the discharge vessel is therefore polarized.
  • Another advantage achieved by the invention is that the contents of the discharge vessel can be kept at an optimum operating temperature in terms of efficiency; it can thus achieve a high luminous efficacy with a relatively low operating voltage or low power consumption. Practical considerations and tests have shown that the energy costs are only approx. 33% compared to an AC-operated fluorescent tube in throttle / starter operation.
  • the heating device is advantageously realized by an ohmic heating resistor which contacts the discharge vessel in a thermal connection.
  • This idea can be further developed particularly advantageously in that the heating resistor is inserted in a current-limiting manner in the circuit of the glow electrodes of the discharge vessel, in particular is connected in series with the glow electrodes.
  • the discharge vessel is under positive or negative pressure (low, high and high pressure lamps) in relation to atmospheric pressure.
  • the heating device in particular the heating resistor, is designed as a heating wire resting on the outer wall of the discharge vessel.
  • the heating wire is shaped or arranged according to an expedient realization of the invention so that it extends over the entire length of the tubular discharge vessel along helix lines or helical lines.
  • the heating wire running on the outer surface of the discharge vessel can have an optically disruptive effect.
  • a heat-insensitive thread, wire or other strand is stretched from one end to the other end of the discharge vessel, around which the heating wire is wound in helical or helical form.
  • the strand forms, as it were, a core or a core wire for the heating wire to guide it, and thus stabilizes the mounting of the heating wire on the outer wall of the discharge vessel.
  • a particularly advantageous development of the invention consists in having the strand and / or the discharge vessel to surround a transparent outer shell made of plastic or glass. Especially when the strand with the heating wire wrapped around it runs on the outside of the discharge vessel, the outer shell forms a suitable insulation against external environmental influences and serves for additional stabilization and at the same time to increase safety and reliability.
  • the heating wire is to be arranged in the interior of the discharge vessel, it is particularly expedient for insulation from the discharging gas and at the same time for mechanical stabilization and to increase the service life to surround the strand with the heating wire thereon with a rigid and / or insulating tube.
  • the arrangement of the heating device according to the invention makes it possible to operate the fluorescent lamp with direct current, despite the polarization that occurs. As a result, it is advantageous to couple the AC rectifier to the glow electrodes in the discharge vessel and / or the heating device - in each case to supply them with direct current.
  • the ignition network is connected upstream of one of the glow electrodes and provided with one or more stabilizing diodes and coupling and / or smoothing capacitors; these are arranged and dimensioned so that the ignition network initiate the discharge process and stabilize the continuous discharge operation can, where it is coupled on the input side to the rectifier and / or AC voltage source.
  • a realization of the ignition network within the scope of the invention consists in that it comprises two stabilizing diodes connected in series and a capacitor connected in parallel with these diodes, this series parallel connection being connected on the input side to the rectifier output and on the output side to one of the glow electrodes.
  • the stabilizing diodes serve to keep the electrical voltage of the downstream glow electrode constant with respect to the opposite, other glow electrode, while the smoothing capacitor reduces the residual ripple of the rectification of the AC network.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the (stabilizing) diode closest to the glow electrode is connected with its input terminal to a capacitor which is dimensioned as a differentiating element and which is connected on its opposite side directly to the AC network.
  • this capacitor couples the AC voltage applied to the glow electrode via the stabilizing diode, a surge of current being brought into the discharge vessel due to its differentiating properties. This is sufficient to start the gas discharge in the vessel.
  • the rectifier it is expedient to arrange four diodes in a bridge circuit, as is known per se, in which case an AC load resistor is connected to the bridge rectifier on its input side and / or one or more charging capacitors are connected in parallel on its output side.
  • the charging capacitors serve for integrating smoothing of the output voltage of the rectifier; they also have the extraordinary advantage that they initially act as short-circuiting current sinks during the switch-on phase until they are charged; in the meantime, the gas-igniting effect of the differentiating coupling capacitor discussed above can develop undisturbed or unimpaired.
  • the ballast device comprising the AC rectifier and ignition network according to the invention is structurally integrated with or in the lamp connection device, which is used to produce electrical contact, and is in particular made in one piece with it.
  • the connection device can be provided as a screw base with a standard external thread for screwing into a corresponding socket which is connected to a mains plug; on the other hand, a power cord with a plug can lead directly into the screw base.
  • the heating device 2 is designed as a helical heating wire and is arranged on the outer wall 5 of the bulb.
  • One end of the heating wire is applied to the negative pole 6 which is led directly out of the rectifier circuit 3, and the other end is connected to the connecting pin 8b of one of the two pin bases 9 via a clamping shoe 7.
  • the connection pins 8 on each of the ends of the fluorescent tube or the discharge vessel 1 merge into the inside of the (not shown) glow electrodes.
  • the heating wire 2 runs helically or helically around a strand 10, which thus forms an inner guide core for the heating wire and is attached to the end of the fluorescent tube 1 facing away from the clamping shoe 7 on the outer wall by means of an adhesive connection 11 (shown schematically).
  • the other, opposite end of the strand 10 is fastened within the clamping shoe 7, which in turn is fastened by clamping around the connecting pin 8.
  • a mechanical tension of the strand 10 is achieved between the ends of the fluorescent tube or the discharge vessel 1, and the strand 10 can thus serve as an inner guide core for mechanically stabilizing the position of the heating wire filament 2.
  • That connecting pin 8a which lies at the end of the fluorescent tube 1 facing away from the clamping shoe 7, is connected via an electrical connecting line 12 to a positive pole 13, which is led out of the rectifier circuit 3 indirectly via the ignition circuit 4.
  • the rectifier circuit 3 is fed on the input side from a 220 V AC network, a load resistor R L for generating a defined input voltage being connected in parallel to the two output terminals of the AC network (for example phase and center conductor).
  • the rectifier 3 comprises four diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4, which are arranged in a conventional manner in a bridge circuit.
  • a charging capacitor C L1 and C L2 are connected in parallel to the plus and minus outputs of this bridge rectifier circuit 3 and one of the output terminals of the AC voltage source with 220 V.
  • the ignition network 4 is immediately connected to the output of the rectifier 3 with positive polarity. It has the two stabilizing diodes D5 and D6 arranged in series, to which a smoothing capacitor C G is connected in parallel. Furthermore, the ignition and stabilization circuit 4 also has a coupling capacitor C K , one connection of which is connected directly to an output terminal of the 220 V AC source, and the other connection of which is connected directly to an input of one of the stabilization diodes D5, D6, preferably that of the Connection pin 8a of the fluorescent tube 1 arranged next to the stabilizing diode D6 is connected.
  • Suitable dimensioning values for the load resistance R L are 100-680k ⁇ , 2.2 ⁇ F for the two charging capacitors C L1 and C L2 , 0.082 ⁇ F for the coupling capacitor C K and 0.1 ⁇ F for the smoothing capacitor C G.
  • a resistance of 600 ⁇ / m has proven to be useful for the heating wire.
  • the charging capacitors C L1 , C L2 When the 220 V AC voltage source is switched on, the charging capacitors C L1 , C L2 must first be charged; as a result, they initially serve as short-circuiting current sinks.
  • the current flowing through the load resistor R L generates a corresponding voltage drop, which is differentiated by the coupling capacitor C K to a current surge or a current peak, which reaches the positive pole 13 via the downstream stabilizing diode D6 and the connecting line 12 to the connecting pin 8a of the fluorescent tube .
  • the energy supply in this case into the fluorescent tube 1 or the discharge vessel 1 is sufficient to ignite the gas discharge process.
  • the charging capacitors C L1 , C L2 are largely charged after their time constant, which is influenced by the load resistor R L , the voltage drop across the load resistor R L is reduced in such a way that the coupling capacitor C K loses its noticeable influence and therefore for the Continuous operation is a sufficiently stable, uniform DC voltage between the pins 8 at the two opposite ends of the fluorescent tube 1.
  • FIG. 2 the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 made of fluorescent tube 1 with heating wire 2 lying thereon and strand 10 wrapped therefrom is surrounded by an outer shell in the manner of a housing.
  • this has the shape of a (plastic) tube which is closed at one end by a plug 15 which is pressed into the press fit.
  • a base housing 16 with a standard external thread 17 and contact element 18 is attached to the other end of the outer casing 14. External threads 17 and contact element 18 insulated therefrom serve for connection to an alternating current source as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the circuit components also shown in FIG. 1, namely rectifier 3 or ignition circuit 4 are optional applied to a board, housed within the base housing 16. 3, the fluorescent lamp arrangement can be screwed via its base housing 16 into a conventional lamp or light bulb socket 19 with an internal thread (not shown). From the socket 19 leads a power cord 20 with plug 21 for connection to a conventional socket.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 differs from that according to FIG. 2 or 3 in that the base 16 is replaced directly by the mains plug 21, in which the mentioned ballast can be accommodated.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

Une lampe fluorescente, notamment une lampe à décharge de mercure, comporte un tube de décharge opaque (1) avec un fil chauffant de résistance ohmique (2), et un fil thermo-sensible (10), par exemple une fibre de verre, un fil métallique, ou autre câblé qui s'étend le long du tube de décharge. Le fil chauffant est enroulé, de préférence en spirale, autour du fil thermo-sensible, lequel constitue un noyau de guidage intérieur.

Claims (11)

  1. Lampe fluorescente, en particulier lampe à décharge dans du mercure, comportant un réceptacle de décharge transparent (1), un ballast et un dispositif de raccordement de la lampe (16, 18; 21) servant au contact électrique avec le réseau, caractérisée en ce que le ballast comporte un réseau d'allumage (4) ainsi qu'un redresseur de tension alternative (3), qui, en exploitation continue, envoie respectivement un courant continu au réceptacle de décharge (1) et à un fil de chauffage (2) ohmique s'étendant le long de celui-ci et en contact thermique avec lui, et en ce que le ballast est intégré à la structure du dispositif de raccordement de la lampe (16, 18; 21).
  2. Lampe fluorescente selon la revendication 1, comportant un réceptacle de décharge tubulaire, sur la paroi externe (5) duquel s'applique le fil de chauffage (2), caractérisée en ce qu'une tige (10) insensible à la chaleur s'étend d'une extrémité à l'autre du réceptacle de décharge (1) et est entourée de préférence en hélice par le fil de chauffage (2) pour constituer son âme de guidage interne.
  3. Lampe fluorescente selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par une gaine externe transparente (14) de matière plastique ou de verre entourant le fil de chauffage (2) et/ou le réceptacle de décharge (1).
  4. Lampe fluorescente selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'une tige (10) portant le fil de chauffage (2) est entourée par un tube rigide et/ou isolant et est éventuellement agencée à l'intérieur du réceptacle de décharge (1).
  5. Lampe fluorescente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le redresseur de tension alternative (3) est couplé à des électrodes chauffantes (8) dans le tube de décharge (1) et au fil de chauffage (2), respectivement, pour assurer une alimentation en courant continu.
  6. Lampe fluorescente selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le réseau d'allumage (4) commuté en amont d'une des électrodes chauffantes (8) comporte une ou plusieurs diodes stabilisatrices (D5, D6) et des condensateurs de couplage et/ou de filtrage (CK, CG), est conformé pour amorcer et stabiliser le processus de décharge et est couplé côté entrée au redresseur (3) et/ou à la source de tension alternative (220 V~).
  7. Lampe fluorescente selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le réseau d'allumage (4) comporte deux diodes stabilisatrices (D5, D6) montées en série et un condensateur de filtrage (CG) commuté à ces diodes en parallèle, en sorte que ce montage série/parallèle soit raccordé, côté entrée, au redresseur (3) et, côté sortie, à l'une des électrodes chauffantes (8a).
  8. Lampe fluorescente selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la diode (D6) qui est la plus proche de l'électrode chauffante (8a) est raccordée côté entrée à la source de tension alternative (220 V~) via un condensateur de couplage (CK) dimensionné comme élément différenciateur.
  9. Lampe fluorescente selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le redresseur (3) est conformé en redresseur à pont de diodes (D1 - D4) auquel une résistance de charge de courant alternatif (RL) côté entrée et/ou un ou plusieurs condensateurs de charge (CL) côté sortie sont connectés en parallèle.
  10. Lampe fluorescente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de raccordement (16, 18; 21) se présente sous la forme d'une embase (16) à filet externe (17) et/ou est pourvu d'un câble de réseau et/ou d'une prise de secteur (20, 21).
  11. Lampe fluorescente selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le réceptacle de décharge (1) se présente sous une forme allongée droite.
EP90905491A 1989-04-04 1990-04-03 Lampe fluorescente Expired - Lifetime EP0466749B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90905491T ATE90476T1 (de) 1989-04-04 1990-04-03 Leuchtstofflampe.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8904130U DE8904130U1 (fr) 1989-04-04 1989-04-04
DE8904130U 1989-04-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0466749A1 EP0466749A1 (fr) 1992-01-22
EP0466749B1 true EP0466749B1 (fr) 1993-06-09

Family

ID=6837853

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90905491A Expired - Lifetime EP0466749B1 (fr) 1989-04-04 1990-04-03 Lampe fluorescente

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0466749B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5413790A (fr)
CA (1) CA2051447A1 (fr)
DE (3) DE8904130U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990012417A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008044294A1 (de) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Brita Gmbh Quecksilberdampflampe, Verfahren zum Entkeimen von Flüssigkeiten und Flüssigkeitsentkeimungsvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8904130U1 (fr) * 1989-04-04 1989-05-24 Reinig, Claus, 8531 Lonnerstadt, De
DE4001750A1 (de) * 1989-10-09 1991-04-11 Albert Henning Einrichtung fuer den betrieb von leuchtstofflampen
JPH1064685A (ja) * 1996-08-14 1998-03-06 Denso Corp ヒータ付冷陰極蛍光灯
US5834899A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-11-10 Tapeswitch Corporation Of America Fluorescent apparatus and method employing low-frequency excitation into a conductive-resistive inductive medium
DE10021510A1 (de) * 2000-05-03 2001-11-08 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Beleuchtungsvorrichtung
DE102008002727B4 (de) 2008-06-27 2020-12-17 Brita Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wasser, insbesondere Filtervorrichtung, und Kartusche
DE102008040335B4 (de) 2008-07-10 2013-05-08 Brita Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Entkeimung von Wasser und Verwendung derselben
EP2728607A1 (fr) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-07 General Electric Company Ensemble de lampe fluorescente avec démarrage amélioré

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3755708A (en) * 1972-06-02 1973-08-28 Gte Sylvania Inc Sodium vapor lamps having improved starting means
US3757159A (en) * 1972-07-17 1973-09-04 Gte Sylvania Inc Sodium vapor lamp having improved starting means
US4654774A (en) * 1984-09-21 1987-03-31 General Electric Company Low ripple, high power factor a-c to d-c power supply
DE8904130U1 (fr) * 1989-04-04 1989-05-24 Reinig, Claus, 8531 Lonnerstadt, De

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008044294A1 (de) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Brita Gmbh Quecksilberdampflampe, Verfahren zum Entkeimen von Flüssigkeiten und Flüssigkeitsentkeimungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1990012417A1 (fr) 1990-10-18
DE9007438U1 (fr) 1991-09-12
AU5413790A (en) 1990-11-05
EP0466749A1 (fr) 1992-01-22
DE59001722D1 (de) 1993-07-15
CA2051447A1 (fr) 1990-10-05
DE8904130U1 (fr) 1989-05-24

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