EP0465985B1 - Rescue cage, especially for a fire engine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a rescue cage which is articulated in a standing or semi-vertical manner at the upper end of a turntable ladder or the like.

From DE-A-23 28 990 a rescue cage of the above type is known, which is articulated in a standing or semi-vertical manner on the rescue ladder of a fire protection vehicle, that is to say has an articulation axis which is located below the center of gravity of the cage. The rescue cage has a folding ladder on the front of the basket, approximately halfway up, which can be stored in a window opening of a house in the event of a rescue with the aerial ladder erected, in order to rescue people in the house. The rescue cage also has another folding ladder on the opposite side of the cage. The latter folding ladder is used to climb the rescue cage from the ground. The turntable ladder is in its upright rescue position, the rescue cage itself being moved to the lowest position on the turntable ladder. In the case of the known fire protection vehicle, the turntable ladder must be swung up from the horizontal driving position into the upright rescue position before the rescue and the rescue cage must be moved to the lowest position on the ladder before the folding ladder located on the rear of the rescue cage can be swung to the ground and then People can climb into the basket. This is comparatively cumbersome and time consuming. Particularly with fire protection vehicles or the like, very fast deployment is important.

DE-A 21 39 798 discloses a turntable ladder with a rescue cage, in which part of the front wall of the cage can be folded outwards as a bridge or ladder. This part should be articulated on the side facing the bottom plate of the basket on the basket. Railing parts can be provided on the side parts of the bridge or ladder, which can be folded up and locked in the folded up position.

The object of the invention is the forwarding of the aforementioned prior art by creating a standing or semi-standing rescue cage of the type mentioned, which is already in the horizontal driving position of the aerial ladder, that is, with the ladder parked over the cab of the fire protection vehicle, directly via the swung-down and extended ladder can be climbed from the ground.

The object on which the invention is based is achieved by the means specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The subject of the invention is advantageously further developed by the features of subclaims 2 to 8.

The essence of the invention is that a single ladder is hinged to the front of the rescue cage in the area of the cage bottom and is provided with at least one extendable ladder part. As a result, the vertical rescue cage can be climbed from the ground already with the ladder in the horizontal driving position, ie with the ladder parked over the cab of the fire protection vehicle, directly via the swung-down and extended ladder. Obviously, the turntable ladder does not have to be moved into its upright rescue position. The rescue cage is already at the front end of the ladder. In the case of a fire protection vehicle or the like. This means that the rescue cage including the accompanying person in the basket can be quickly moved to a place of use, window ledge of a house or the like. The rescued can be rescued quickly and safely just as quickly. The rescue cage is therefore tactically faster than known cage arrangements. You can also use the rescue cage with the aerial ladder upright and the ascent ladder swung down and pulled out when descending into balconies, pits or the like can be achieved. In contrast, the known ladder on the front of the basket according to DE-PS 23 28 990 can only be used when the basket is approaching the window ledge or the like. An ascent ladder can also be saved by the invention compared to the known rescue cage mentioned at the beginning.

It is known to climb a standing rescue cage on a fire protection vehicle with a horizontal aerial ladder. However, this happens from the rear of the vehicle via the horizontal ladder park or via a special ladder behind the cab, which is arranged on the side of the vehicle. An operator therefore gets to the basket via the driver's cab and / or the ladder park, which is very cumbersome and particularly dangerous at night for both the operator and the person to be rescued. If, for example, an operator has to install a turning tube, floodlights or a stretcher in the basket, it is known to make matters worse that these devices must first be transported into the basket via the cumbersome indirect route. In the invention, additional ladders behind a driver's cab or the like are unnecessary.

The ladders according to DE-OS 34 17 714, which are also known on the front of the basket, are particularly unsuitable for climbing directly onto the rescue cage from the ground when the aerial ladder is in a horizontal position, in particular not with a rescue cage arranged in a standing or semi-vertical position on the ladder (generic) . Rather, the front ladder corresponds to the known folding ladder according to DE-PS 23 28 990, which is only used when the aerial ladder is erected.

A further development of the invention provides that the ladder in its swung-up retracted position at least partially covers the access opening to the rescue cage and can be locked by a locking lock, which in particular has a spring-loaded locking bolt.

The ladder also preferably has an electric or hydraulic drive which enables the ladder to be pivoted. The electric or hydraulic drive can also unlock a locking lock. It is preferably compactly integrated in the rescue cage floor and can be operated by small and tall operators using several pressure switches in the rescue cage, on the underside of the basket floor and on the outside of the vehicle from the rescue cage or from the ground. At the same time, the entire swivel range of the boarding ladder can be visually viewed during an actuation process.

The extendable ladder section of the ladder is usually manually telescopic and guided in the spar of the articulated ladder section. However, the telescopic process can also be carried out electrically or hydraulically by external energy. In the retracted and in the extended state, the hinged ladder part and the extendable ladder part are the same rung or the same rung spacing and can therefore be climbed safely in both positions.

Fig. 1

in schematischer Seitenansicht den vorderen Bereich eines Brandschutzfahrzeuges in Fahrstellung mit einem vorderen Rettungskorb mit abgeschwenkter und ausgezogener Aufstiegsleiter,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Stirnansicht auf den Rettungskorb mit Aufstiegsleiter gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

einen schematischen Teilquerschnitt der Aufstiegsleiter im Bereich überlappender Leiterteile,

Fig. 4

einen hydraulischen Antrieb mit Leiterschwenkvorrichtung in schematischer Vertikalansicht, und

Fig. 5

ein Schaltschema des hydraulischen Antriebs nach Fig. 4.

The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings; show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of the front area of a fire protection vehicle in the driving position with a front rescue cage with the ladder lowered and pulled out,

Fig. 2

1 shows a schematic end view of the rescue cage with a ladder according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2 shows a schematic partial cross section of the ladder in the area of overlapping ladder parts,

Fig. 4

a hydraulic drive with ladder pivoting device in a schematic vertical view, and

Fig. 5

4 shows a circuit diagram of the hydraulic drive according to FIG. 4.

According to the drawing, a fire protection vehicle (3) comprises an upper turntable ladder (2), the ladder of which is stored horizontally above the driver's cab in the driving position. A rescue cage (1), which is known per se, is articulated semi-vertically at the upper or front end of the turntable ladder or the top turntable ladder part, the rescue cage being illustrated in its vertical position of use. The articulation axis of the rescue cage is located in the horizontal transverse direction slightly below the center of gravity of the cage. The rescue cage is designed as a so-called slip-on basket and can be moved over in its horizontal driving position the ladder set "put", which significantly shortens the overall length of the vehicle.

On the front (4) of the rescue cage (1) a ladder (20) is articulated about a horizontal transverse axis in the cage floor (5), which according to the embodiment of the drawing consists of two ladder parts (6, 7): one articulated on the cage floor (5) Ladder part (6) and an extendable ladder part (7). Each individual ladder part (6, 7) has approximately the height of the rescue cage (1). Both ladder parts (6, 7) completely cover the front entry opening (8) of the rescue cage (1) when they are swung up. In the position blocking the access opening (8), the ladder (20) is locked by side locking locks (9).

Each locking lock has a spring-loaded locking bolt which is slidably mounted in the front basket wall. The arrangement is such that when the ascent ladder (20) is swiveled up, both side locking bolts snap into the side recesses of the ascent ladder (20) by spring force and lock the ladder securely.

The side locking locks (9) are unlocked by means of a hydraulic drive (10) which swivels the ascending ladder (20) away so that the ladder (20) can be swiveled out. The hydraulic drive (10) is integrated in the basket base (5) and is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 4 and 5.

In particular, the hydraulic drive (10) has a hydraulic cylinder (12), the piston rod (13) of which the one end of a toggle lever (14) is articulated, the articulation point being guided in the basket base (5).

The other end of the toggle lever (14) is articulated on the articulated ladder part (6) of the ascent ladder (20) eccentrically to the horizontal ladder pivot axis (19). If hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinder (12), the piston rod (13) moves to the right as shown in FIG. 4, so that the toggle lever (14) according to the dash-dotted line the ladder (20) from its 15 ° ascent position to its vertical , the entry opening (8) of the rescue cage (1) pivots to the closed position, the toggle lever (14) thus assumes the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 4.

The hydraulic cylinder (12), as can be seen in particular from the circuit diagram in FIG. 5, can be acted upon hydraulically from both sides, so that the ascent ladder (20) pivots in the other direction when the other side of the piston is acted upon can be.

In order to carry out the latter pivoting movement, the locking locks are unlocked by means of unlocking cylinders (17) which can be acted upon hydraulically on one side and which are assigned to each locking lock (9). When a hydraulic pressure is applied, the unlocking cylinders move the spring-biased assigned locking bolts against the force of the spring into the unlocking position, whereupon the pivoting movement of the ascent ladder (20) can be carried out by the same hydraulic drive (10).

The circuit diagram of the hydraulic circuit illustrated in more detail in FIG. 5 comprises a hydraulic pressure source (16), an electromagnetically operable 3/4 way valve, which are arranged upstream of the aforementioned cylinders (hydraulic cylinder 12 and unlocking cylinder 17). In Fig. 5 the 3/4 way valve is shown in its locked position. For a pivoting movement of the ladder with simultaneous unlocking, the valve (15) according to FIG. 5 is set to the left so that the connections (P) and (A) as well as (B) and (T) are connected to one another. For swiveling up, the valve (15) is electromagnetically placed in its other position, so that the connections (A) and (T) and the connections (P) and (B) are connected to one another.

The hydraulic drive (10) is actuated by pressure switches (11) which are arranged in the rescue cage (1) and on the underside of the rescue cage as well as on the outside of the cab, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 1. The pressure switches (11) are arranged so that the pivoting movement of the basket can be seen by an operator in every position of use.

If the ladder (20) is swung into its inclined 15 ° ascent position by the force of the hydraulic cylinder (12), the operator can manually pull out the extendable ladder part (7) against the catch of an inner locking device between the two ladder parts (6,7) can be pulled out practically down to the ground, as can be seen in FIG. 1. In the extended ascent position of the extendable ladder section (7), all rungs are at the same rung spacing and the ladder can be climbed safely. Accordingly, the rungs are in the completely retracted position of the ladder (20) "same rung", so that the ladder can also be climbed in this position. The same rungs with the retracted ladder (20) or the same distance between the rungs when the ladder is pulled out is achieved in particular by an inner stop (18) which is welded to at least one side rail (21) of the extendable ladder section (7) according to Fig. 3. The stop (18) is located in the area of the top end of the extendable ladder part (7) according to FIG. 1 and can be moved back and forth between two associated counter-stops of the articulated ladder part (6), which are in the area of the top and bottom end of the articulated ladder part (6) are located and thus define both end positions of the pull-out ladder (20).

Obviously, a single operator can quickly and safely climb the rescue basket if necessary, with the ladder parked in the driving position of the fire protection vehicle (3) above the cab. Likewise, the telescopic ladder can also be used when the turntable ladder (2) is upright, in order to be able to enter greater depths when descending into balconies or the like. The swivel drive is accommodated in a space-saving manner due to the integration into the basket floor, the swivel kinematics illustrated in FIG. 4 also being able to be replaced by a hydraulic swivel motor which carries out the swiveling mounted directly on the axis of rotation. A lever is attached to the door lock itself, which enables the entrance door of the rescue cage (1) to be opened if the electrical or hydraulic system fails.

In principle, the invention is not only suitable for fire protection vehicles (3), but also for telescopic work platforms, articulated mast platforms, aerial work platforms or the like.

Claims (8)

1. A rescue cage (1) which is articulated vertically or semi-vertically to the upper end of a turntable ladder (2) or the like, in particular of a fire-protection vehicle (3), and has an access ladder (20) which is articulated to the front side (4) of the rescue cage in the vicinity of the cage bottom (5) so that it can be swung out, characterised in that the access ladder (20) has at least one extendable ladder part (7), and in that the access ladder (20) can be pivoted and/or extended and retracted by an electric or hydraulic drive (10) so that it is possible enter and leave the rescue cage even when the turntable ladder is lowered, wherein the electric or hydraulic drive (10) can be actuated by pressure switches which are provided on the underside of the rescue cage and on the rescue cage.
2. A rescue cage according to Claim 1, characterised in that the access ladder (20) can be pivoted and extended or retracted simultaneously by the electric or hydraulic drive (10).
3. A rescue cage according to either Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that both in the retracted condition and at least in an extended condition with respect to the ladder part articulated in the vicinity of the cage bottom (5) the extendable ladder part (7) of the access ladder (20) is arranged with uniform rungs or equally spaced rungs.
4. A rescue cage according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the hydraulic drive (10) is disposed in the cage bottom (5).
5. A rescue cage according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hydraulic drive has a hydraulic cylinder (12), the piston rod (13) of which is articulated to a toggle lever (14), the other end of which is pivotably connected (Fig. 5) to the articulated ladder part (6) of the access ladder (20).
6. A rescue cage according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that in its swung-up retracted position the access ladder (20) at least partly covers the entry opening (8) to the rescue cage (1) and can be secured by a fastening lock (9) which has a spring-loaded locking bolt.
7. A rescue cage according to Claim 6, characterised in that the locking bolt can be unlocked by the electric or hydraulic drive (10).
8. A rescue cage according to Claim 7, characterised in that the hydraulic drive is arranged in a hydraulic circuit which has a hydraulic pressure source (16), a 3/4-way valve (16) which can be electromagnetically actuated, a hydraulic cylinder (12) which can be acted upon hydraulically on both sides for pivoting the access ladder (20), and also an unlocking cylinder (17), which can be acted upon hydraulically on one side, for unlocking the fastening lock (Figure 5).

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