EP0462597B1 - Elément de construction comportant une partie en bois et une partie en matière synthétique - Google Patents

Elément de construction comportant une partie en bois et une partie en matière synthétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0462597B1
EP0462597B1 EP91110081A EP91110081A EP0462597B1 EP 0462597 B1 EP0462597 B1 EP 0462597B1 EP 91110081 A EP91110081 A EP 91110081A EP 91110081 A EP91110081 A EP 91110081A EP 0462597 B1 EP0462597 B1 EP 0462597B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wooden
plastic
recess
structural element
wood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91110081A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0462597A1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REALVOTE GmbH
Original Assignee
REALVOTE GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by REALVOTE GmbH filed Critical REALVOTE GmbH
Priority to AT91110081T priority Critical patent/ATE97185T1/de
Publication of EP0462597A1 publication Critical patent/EP0462597A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0462597B1 publication Critical patent/EP0462597B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/18—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with metal or other reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/18—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with metal or other reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/185—Synthetic reinforcements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E04G2023/0248—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements of elements made of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E04G2023/0251—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements by using fiber reinforced plastic elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a construction element with a wooden and a plastic part.
  • a construction element made of a wooden stick which is provided with tines on one end. hereinafter referred to as zincing. Bores are arranged between the teeth. going beyond the depth of the tine. penetrating into the depth of the wooden part of the element to accommodate reinforcing bars, which are necessary for establishing a secure connection between the plastic part and the wooden part of this element.
  • the wooden stick can consist of a long wood or of long wood glued together.
  • the individual tines of the tine can be pyramid-shaped. This - the usual finger jointing between wood and wood - connection between plastic and wood is not or only partially suitable or applicable, especially in the open air.
  • the known construction element has proven itself to a limited extent, but is both in view of its usability outdoors. as well as for reasons of increasing the static load capacity. and also for reasons of durability. and can also be improved for reasons of simplifying the production process.
  • the aim of the invention is to create a stable construction element with a wooden and a plastic part. Here an improved anchorage between wood and plastic should be guaranteed.
  • the special idea of the invention is to create a self-supporting, stable wood-plastic connection.
  • the "self-support” of the connection is achieved by a sufficiently large depth of penetration of the recess - or of the plastic - into the wooden part.
  • the recess is formed by intersecting incisions. Such a recess is easy to manufacture on the one hand and on the other hand further optimizes the strength of the connection.
  • the wood is immobilized in the course of the long transition area from wood to plastic in that the proportion of the wood volume decreases slowly and gently and continuously. while the volume proportion of the plastic increases in the same way, thus ensuring a smooth transition from wood to plastic. a kind of stress-free transition from one of the different materials to the other.
  • the end grain / end grain is therefore simultaneously protected against the absorption of moisture, other weather influences, road salt broth and pest infestation, since each individual fiber and capillary is individually packed and firmly bound.
  • Both the immobilization of the wood and the stability and strength of the transition from the wooden to the plastic part can be regulated and adjusted to the respective strength requirements and the type of wood to be used by varying the shape and depth of the recess.
  • Larch works e.g. extremely strong and requires particularly deep recesses. Less deep recesses are sufficient for spruce. Glued wood behaves "benevolently" than solid. non-glued wood. Glued wood or glulam therefore requires less deep recesses.
  • a particularly firm connection is achieved in that the recess tapers in the direction of penetration, in particular if the course of penetration of the recess extends predominantly at a more or less acute angle to the wood fiber.
  • the diagonally cut fibers and capillaries offer the plastic optimal conditions for both cohesive and adhesive, stable connection with the wooden part.
  • the recess preferably tapers very gently, so to speak gently. As a result, a smooth transition between the different working materials is achieved without the need for additional reinforcements in the boreholes of the wooden part.
  • the construction element can be connected particularly easily and well to other construction parts.
  • the recess is deeper than the largest width of the wooden stick. in particular approximately equal to twice the width of the wooden stick (claim 3).
  • a construction element in the form of a wooden stick is a common one. universally usable component. It is a good idea. that the recess tapers like a roof, in particular in such a way that its ridge runs parallel to a length of wooden stick (claim 4). Functionality and simple manufacturability are further perfected. A ridge provides a functional, clean finish to the recess.
  • a usable artificial cleat part preferably consists of a two-component reaction resin. which penetrates into the texture of the wooden part in the liquid phase. This makes the connection extremely resilient and the construction element remains stable in the long term (claim 5). This effect reinforces the immobilization of the wood.
  • An area of pure wood is followed by a transition area in which plastic and wood mix together. The proportion of wood decreases almost continuously in the direction of the plastic section. until an area of pure plastic is reached. The wood is progressively immobilized by this further "gentle" transition.
  • Anchoring elements are guided more securely. if the plastic part is designed as a plastic block protruding from the recess (claim 6). The entire end face is preferably covered with plastic. also then. if the recesses only extend over part of the end faces. The entire end face is then protected against pest infestation and weather conditions. Toxic wood preservatives are no longer necessary.
  • the anchoring elements protrude from the plastic part for easier connection to other components.
  • the anchoring elements are in particular pin-shaped or spherical (claim 7).
  • As anchoring elements e.g. Rods (e.g. made of glass fiber) are particularly suitable. Ropes can also be used for special requirements. Fibers, hooks. Joint connections and the like be used.
  • Such anchoring elements are e.g. advantageous for connecting the construction elements to one another.
  • Construction elements according to the invention are available inter alia. preferred for the construction of stable scaffolding structures.
  • construction elements with external threaded rods are particularly suitable as anchoring parts.
  • An additional metal ball with several internal threads as a connecting part enables the construction of star-shaped or "atomium-like" constructions.
  • Another object of the invention is. to create a procedure. that allows the production of construction elements according to the invention in a simple manner.
  • the construction element consists of a wooden stick with recesses on one side. into which a plastic block comprising anchoring elements is cast.
  • the recesses are of two roof-like. intersecting incisions formed on the end face, the anchoring elements and the plastic block extend into the incisions, and matrix-forming fillers are embedded in the plastic block.
  • the roof-like and intersecting incisions not only allow large-area connection of the plastic block to the wooden stick. they also enable a particularly favorable transfer of forces and moments between the wooden stick and the plastic block, because practically all fibers of the wooden stick are connected to the plastic block over a large area.
  • the incisions should extend in particular over a length of the wooden stick. which is larger than the greatest width of the wooden stick.
  • the incisions should preferably extend over a length. which corresponds to twice the width of the wooden stick.
  • the ridges of the incisions should extend parallel to the sides of the wooden stick.
  • the anchoring elements can extend into the incisions. On separate. the holes receiving the anchoring elements on the end face of the wooden rod can be dispensed with. For the transmission of forces and moments, it is favorable if the anchoring elements are arranged in the outer areas of the incisions.
  • the matrix of the fillers stabilizes the plastic and improves the anchoring of the plastic to the wood as well as the anchoring of the anchoring elements in the plastic.
  • the packing should be designed so that they can get caught with each other and thus can also transmit tensile forces.
  • the matrix can consist of packing elements in the form of tetrapods.
  • a preferred method for producing this structural element is characterized in that a wooden rod is provided on the end face with roof-like, intersecting incisions, that the wooden rod is placed at least with its incised end face in a form that anchoring elements reaching into the incisions are inserted into the mold that the mold space and the incisions are filled with matrix-forming moldings and that the mold and the incisions are then cast with plastic.
  • the matrix (or reinforcement) can be adapted to the respective technical and statistical requirements. Appropriate design means hardness or softness, UV stability, as well as adjustable electrical and thermal conductivity.
  • a thermosetting, solvent-free reaction resin or epoxy resin is preferably used as the plastic.
  • the incisions can be made by sawing or milling.
  • the inner surfaces of the incisions can be sandblasted. This also has the advantage that the softer wood components (summer rings) are removed, while the hard wood components (winter rings) remain as ribs or the like and are encased in plastic.
  • the molding space may be expedient to keep the molding space at a temperature suitable for casting the plastic. This is especially true when two-component reactive resins are used. Hot air can be blown into the mold space to heat and maintain the temperature. If the plastic is then poured into the heated mold space, it is evenly and bubble-free distributed around the packing elements located there. After the plastic has cooled and hardened, the construction element can be removed from the mold. This process has also been successfully carried out using a microwave and the corresponding microwave device.
  • the construction element can be manufactured using customary shapes. It is expedient to use molds, one end of which has guide openings for the anchoring elements, so that the anchoring elements can be introduced into the mold and into the incisions in the longitudinal direction of the wooden stick. This can be done with a lost molding that has guide openings.
  • the wooden bar with recesses can be turned into a U-shape Cardboard are inserted, which has release agents on the inside. One end remains open. This end is closed with a felt plate.
  • the felt plate has holes and possibly other release agents. Through the holes, anchor and anchoring elements such as glass fiber rods, threaded rods, fiber bundles, ropes, profiles or the like can be led into the casting room and poured out.
  • the felt plate reliably closes the encapsulation area even in the case of heat and high viscosity. Instead of this, it is also possible to work with a prefabricated plastic block which has guide openings and which is then part of the plastic block on the finished construction element.
  • the invention can be combined with known devices; e.g. the rods can also be anchored in the wood, although this is not necessary to achieve sufficient strength.
  • a wooden stick 1 In the drawing, the front end of a wooden stick 1 can be seen, which can be in one piece or can consist of several wooden sticks glued together.
  • a The end face 2 of the wooden stick 1 has two intersecting cuts 3, 4, the ridges 5, 6 of which extend parallel to the sides of the wooden stick 1 with a square cross-section.
  • the length of the incisions 3, 4 is approximately twice the width of the wooden stick 1.
  • the wooden stick 1 is placed in a mold 7, the cross section of which corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the wooden stick 1.
  • the mold 7 is closed at the end facing away from the wooden rod 1 with a lost molded part 8 which has guide openings for anchoring elements 10.
  • the guide openings 9 are arranged such that the anchoring elements 10 introduced thereby can extend in the outer regions of the incisions 3, 4 to close to their ridges 5, 6.
  • the arrangement of the anchoring elements 10 is indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • the inner surfaces of the incisions 3, 4 are sandblasted or brushed with a steel brush, the softer wooden components (summer rings) being removed and the harder components (winter rings) remaining like ribs.
  • the anchoring elements 10 are inserted into the mold through the guide openings 9 until they extend as far as possible into the incisions 3, 4.
  • fillers 11 are filled into the mold 7, which form a matrix. This matrix is indicated by hatching in FIG. 1.
  • the shape of the filler 11 is in itself arbitrary if it is only suitable to form a matrix which, to a certain extent, can also transmit tensile forces.
  • the filling elements 11 can preferably consist of tetrapods.
  • FIG. 4 shows an anchoring element, the elements of which are designed as flat bars 14.
  • the planes of the flat bars 14 are perpendicular to one another.
  • the flat bars 14 have tapered ends which engage in the incisions 3, 4.
  • the flat bars 14 are combined to form an anchoring part 15, which protrudes beyond the plastic block 12 and is preferably intended for anchoring the structural element in grown or loose soil.
  • the flat bars 14 are united with one another by stiffeners 16 arranged perpendicular to the plane of the flat bars.
  • the anchoring element can be made of metal or fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Any material can be used for anchoring the part that has a tensile and / or pressure absorption capacity that corresponds to the respective technical and / or static requirements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Elément de construction constitué d'une pièce de bois et d'une pièce en matière plastique dont la pièce de bois est faconnée en tant qu'un bâton (1) ayant au moins sur un côté frontal (2) au moins un creux dans lequel est coulé la pièce en matière plastique ce qui produit une liaison auto-portante entre la pièce en matière plastique (12) et les surface de bois du creux, caractérisé en ce que le creux est constituté de mortaises croisées et s 'effilant en form de toit (3, 4) dans lesquelles est coulée la pièce en matière plastique (12).
  2. Elément de construction d'après revendication 1) caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément d'ancrage (10) est ancré dans la pièce en matière plastique sans que la pièce de bois en soit pénétrée.
  3. Elément de construction d'aprés une des revendications précitées caractérisé en ce que le creux est plus profond que la plus grande largeur du bâton de bois (1) surtout à peu près égal à la double largeur du bâton.
  4. Elément de construction d'après une des revendications 1) à 3) caractérisé en ce que le faite (5, 6) du creux longe parallèlement un côté longitudinal du bâton de bois.
  5. Elément de construction d'après une des revendications précitées caractérisé en ce que la pièce en matière plastique est constituée d'une résine de réaction à deux composants qui dans sa phase liquide pénètre la texture de la pièce de bois.
  6. Elément de construction d'après une des revendications précitées caractérisé en ce que la pièce en matière plastique est façonnée en tant qu'un bloc en matière plastique (12).
  7. Elément de construction d'après une des revendications précitées caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'ancrage (10) saillent de la pièce en matière plastique et surtout sont façonnés en forme de cheville ou sphérique.
  8. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de construction surtout d'après l'une des revendications précitées caracterisé en ce qu'un bâton de bois (1) est pourvu de mortaises croisées s'effilant en forme de toit (3, 4), le bâton étant placé au moins de son côté frontal incisé (2) dans une forme (7) qui est finalement coulée avec les incisions (3, 4) d'une matière plastique qui entre dans un liaison adhésive avec le bois.
EP91110081A 1990-06-19 1991-06-19 Elément de construction comportant une partie en bois et une partie en matière synthétique Expired - Lifetime EP0462597B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91110081T ATE97185T1 (de) 1990-06-19 1991-06-19 Konstruktionselement mit einem holz- und einem kunststoffteil.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9006844U 1990-06-19
DE9006844U DE9006844U1 (de) 1990-06-19 1990-06-19 Konstruktionselement aus einem Holzstab

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0462597A1 EP0462597A1 (fr) 1991-12-27
EP0462597B1 true EP0462597B1 (fr) 1993-11-10

Family

ID=6854756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91110081A Expired - Lifetime EP0462597B1 (fr) 1990-06-19 1991-06-19 Elément de construction comportant une partie en bois et une partie en matière synthétique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0462597B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE97185T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE9006844U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9006844U1 (de) * 1990-06-19 1990-08-30 Ursus Immobilien- und Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH, 5902 Netphen Konstruktionselement aus einem Holzstab

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2475046A (en) * 1947-02-15 1949-07-05 Axel V Pedersen Wood joint
GB653938A (en) * 1948-07-12 1951-05-30 Sonti Kamesam Improvements in or relating to wood joints
DE3133014C2 (de) * 1981-08-20 1985-03-21 Lömpel-Bautenschutz GmbH + Co KG, 8725 Arnstein Verfahren zur Restaurierung von Holzbalken
NL8203471A (nl) * 1982-09-06 1984-04-02 Holdoh Houtunie Nv Op buiging belastbare, van een wapening voorziene houten balk van standaardafmetingen.
CH654060A5 (fr) * 1983-10-24 1986-01-31 Rene Lacroix Procede de restauration de poutres de bois permettant une augmentation de leur resistance.
DE3438001A1 (de) * 1984-10-17 1986-04-24 Dietrich Von Dipl.-Ing. Berg Verfahren zur verstaerkung der anschlusszonen von holzbauteilen
DE3634039A1 (de) * 1986-10-06 1988-04-14 Peter Bertsche Verbinderkoerper fuer den holzbau
DE3828476C2 (de) * 1988-08-22 1998-12-10 Beta Loempel Buese Gmbh Verfahren zur Tragfähigkeitserhöhung oder -wiederherstellung
DE8909880U1 (de) * 1989-08-17 1989-10-12 Ursus Immobilien- und Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH, 5902 Netphen Aus Holz gebildetes Konstruktionselement
DE9006844U1 (de) * 1990-06-19 1990-08-30 Ursus Immobilien- und Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH, 5902 Netphen Konstruktionselement aus einem Holzstab

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59100575D1 (de) 1993-12-16
EP0462597A1 (fr) 1991-12-27
DE9006844U1 (de) 1990-08-30
ATE97185T1 (de) 1993-11-15

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