EP0462462B1 - Process and device for dyeing textiles - Google Patents

Process and device for dyeing textiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0462462B1
EP0462462B1 EP91109372A EP91109372A EP0462462B1 EP 0462462 B1 EP0462462 B1 EP 0462462B1 EP 91109372 A EP91109372 A EP 91109372A EP 91109372 A EP91109372 A EP 91109372A EP 0462462 B1 EP0462462 B1 EP 0462462B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brushes
steam
conveyor belt
dyeing liquor
textile
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP91109372A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0462462A1 (en
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HAMANN, HANS-JOERG
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Hamann Hans-Jorg
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/10—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material
    • D06B1/12—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material by rubbing contact, e.g. with brushes or pads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/04—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by pouring or allowing to flow on to the surface of the textile material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P7/00—Dyeing or printing processes combined with mechanical treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dyeing textiles, in which the surfaces of the textiles are colored and additionally machined in such a way that signs of wear occur and that the fabric softens.
  • a method for this in which either the finished piece or the starting material (by the meter) is initially used is completely provided with the color, whereupon the color is washed out up to 95% in a washing and wear process and at the same time the wear effect is achieved during this washing process by adding abrasives, such as sand and / or pumice or the like.
  • the invention is accordingly based on the object of providing a method of the type mentioned at the outset and a suitable device with which it is possible to keep both the energy and material expenditure and the environmental impact as low as possible.
  • the textile pieces can also be soaked with the dye liquor so that the coloring is reflected on the back of the textile, i.e. on the side of the textiles facing away from the brushes, which can be particularly favored by the fact that the dye liquor is subjected to steam, which is drawn in and pulling through the textile pieces favored.
  • the steam is normal wet steam with a temperature of about 100 ° to 120 ° C.
  • a plurality of rotating and driven brushes are provided which act on the textile pieces with the dye liquor and simultaneously process them mechanically.
  • the device expediently consists of a series of horizontally arranged receptacles for the paint liquor with separate outlet channels which are directed at the bristles of the brushes which are arranged rotatably below the containers.
  • At least one conveyor belt rotates continuously beneath the brushes, on which the textile pieces are placed and which bears against the bristles of the brushes under prestress.
  • the brushes not only color the textile pieces, but also treat their surface in the manner described above due to the pretension.
  • the conveyor belt expediently consists of an elastic material provided with openings so that the excess liquor of paint can pass through the conveyor belt into a receiving trough which is expediently arranged below the conveyor belt.
  • a rubber in particular a textile fiber reinforced rubber.
  • the device is designed in such a way that the front and the back of the textile pieces can be processed in the same way in one operation.
  • a deflection device and a second conveyor belt arranged below the first are expediently provided, which are also acted upon by brushes which run above the second conveyor belt.
  • the pieces of textile are thus conveyed into the deflection device by the first conveyor belt, then gripped by the second conveyor belt and pulled through the device for the second time.
  • the deflection device can consist of a guide plate which guides the textile pieces to the second conveyor belt.
  • the individual receptacles have at least one steam line at their outputs are connected, the supply channel for the supply of the paint liquor to the brushes can also supply the steam at the same time, so that the impregnation is brought about. It is also advantageous if at least one compressed air line is arranged in the receptacles, which has outlet openings facing the interior of the individual receptacles, in order to swirl the paint liquor and keep it moving, so that paint components cannot settle.
  • the feed channels for the paint liquor can be shut off individually, appropriate shut-off valves being expediently arranged in the immediate vicinity of the surfaces of the brushes.
  • These feed channels can also be provided with a bypass which feeds the paint liquor past the valves past the second row of processing brushes assigned to the second conveyor belt, so that the closed valves can be bypassed.
  • steam can be expediently fed to the brushes by means of a steam nozzle in the region of the guide plate before the back of the textile pieces are processed, so that steam also dampens the back of the textile pieces to be treated.
  • the intensity of the color in the individual receptacles can be different; Different colors can be provided in the individual containers, and the valves can be adjusted in sections so that either no or a different amount of liquor reaches the brushes.
  • the receptacles can be heated, and the temperatures in the individual receptacles can be different, so that this results in different drawing speeds for the dye liquor.
  • the distance between the axes or shafts of the brushes and the conveyor belts can also be adjustable, so that in this way the pretension with which the weary processing of the textiles is carried out changes.
  • All brushes can be provided with a common drive, for example a chain drive, so that a single drive motor is sufficient to drive the brushes.
  • intermediate brushes can be arranged which have a smaller diameter and are not necessarily used for the application of paint, but only for the wearing treatment of the surfaces of the textiles.
  • the conveyor belts can be subdivided, or the brushes can run at different speeds, so that folds result in the pieces of tissue which are subject to particular wear and tear from the brushes. For the same reasons, it is possible to provide additional intermediate brushes which rotate in the opposite direction to the main brushes which determine the direction of conveyance.
  • Another brush set in each row of brushes can be used as a hold-down.
  • the additional device expediently has a plurality of steam nozzles and at least one supply line for the supply of Heating steam and / or wet steam to the steam nozzles.
  • the paint nozzles can also be acted upon by a compressed air line and / or by the steam lines.
  • a container containing the paint can expediently be assigned to the compressed air line, which there has the shape of a Venturi tube for removing paint particles.
  • the hold-down brushes which are arranged between the processing brushes and have a much smaller diameter than these, are not designed as bristle brushes, as in the previous exemplary embodiments, but as sponge roller brushes, which consist of a cylindrical tubular fitting mounted on a shaft, which is firmly connected to the shaft by gluing or the like.
  • sponge roller brushes has the advantage that due to the stronger adhesion to the piece of textile Crumple zones result, which form a pattern or line formation on the textile piece and have a higher coloration than the surroundings.
  • such sponge roller brushes are generally not used as wearing tools, but rather as crumple and application brushes for the color material.
  • squeezing can also be brought about by the fact that in the area of the folds due to the pushing together of the textile piece in this area there is a stronger color print and thus a reproduction of the pattern thus produced.
  • the hold-down brushes consisting of sponges can be adjusted forwards, backwards, upwards or downwards in their position relative to the neighboring bristle brushes, a different setting of the height of the waves carrying the sponges to the surface of the conveyor belt also being considered is coming. If the shaft is brought closer to the conveyor belt, this means that the cylindrical sponge coating is compressed more strongly in this area, which at the same time means a higher pressure on the textile piece in this area and thus leads to patterns which deviate therefrom.
  • the contour applied by means of the sponges is inherently much clearer than that which, according to the first embodiment, is created by bristle brushes, for example by the hold-down brushes, so that the sponge design in any case, despite the dissolution by the downstream bristle brushes, the contour applied largely preserved.
  • the sponge roller brushes can run in the opposite direction to the neighboring bristle brush rollers, which leads to a further increase in the resolution of the contour due to the relative movement caused thereby.
  • the textile pieces can also be guided along on a smooth and flat sliding surface by means of the brushes, their feed being effected by the main brushes acting in the feed direction.
  • This main feed is not affected by the fact that occasionally opposed Working brushes, such as the hold-down brushes or the sponge roller brushes, are provided, since the feed forces applied by the main brushes are in any case a multiple of the forces of the sponge brush rollers working in opposite directions.
  • This sliding surface can consist of a polished stainless steel, a smooth, wear-resistant plastic or the like, so that the movement of the textile pieces along this surface is not hindered.
  • the sliding surface can be provided with openings pointing downwards, through which the excess paint or the excess paint material (the paint liquor) can drip off and be collected there.
  • the liquor so discharged can be reintroduced into the liquor tank in the upper area of the device.
  • certain forms of patterns can also be deliberately achieved by physically applying pattern pieces to the surface of the sponge brush roller, which can be done by gluing or, for example, by applying a sponge brush roller over the entire surface a network is maintained, which holds the above items on this.
  • a network has the advantage that the contour that is to be created by the sample appears to be dissolved (smoothed).
  • the sample can consist of a textile, a flexible plastic, but also of a flexible metal material.
  • Another possibility for generating the pattern is that recesses are made in the surface of the sponge roller brushes, for example by milling, which form the pattern contours.
  • the net drawn over the sample pieces and the sponge rollers can also be a textile material, for example a coarse-mesh textile material, the stitches of which can then be found as a pattern on the textile piece to be colored.
  • a plurality of rotating and driven brushes 1 are provided, which apply the dye liquor to the textiles to be processed.
  • the paint liquor is located in a row of receptacles 2, each of which has separate outlets 3 in the form of shaft-like channels or lines, which are directed towards the bristles of the brushes 1 arranged below the container 2.
  • outlets 3 in the form of shaft-like channels or lines, which are directed towards the bristles of the brushes 1 arranged below the container 2.
  • FIG. 1 the perspective representation of the containers 2, the outlets 3 and the brushes 1 is only indicated schematically in FIG. 1.
  • the outlet lines 3 for the paint liquor can be shut off individually by shut-off valves 4, the shut-off valves 4 being arranged in the immediate vicinity of the surfaces of the brushes 1.
  • the outlet lines 3 can also be provided with a bypass 5, which supplies the paint liquor past the valves 4 past a second row of outlet lines 6 with valves 7 and, via these, to a second row of brushes 8.
  • This type of direction of movement is also represented in FIG. 2 by the arrow 11.
  • the pieces of textile to be processed are thus entered into the device above the conveyor belt 9 on the right in FIGS. 1 and 2 and processed in the manner described by the rotating brushes 1 resting on this conveyor belt under tension.
  • the dye liquor is fed to the textile pieces via the feed chutes 3 and the brushes 1 and, furthermore, their surface is machined due to the prestressing.
  • the conveyor belt 9 is provided in the area of its upper run in a manner known per se with small support rollers 12, so that the pre-tension is maintained over the entire length of the conveyor belt.
  • the conveyor belt 9 consists of an elastic material provided with openings so that the excess liquor of paint can get down into a receiving trough 13 arranged below the conveyor belt 9.
  • a deflection device in the form of a guide plate 14 which the textile pieces conveyed out of the first brush set 1 in the direction of arrow 15 and processed on one side, the second lower brush set with the brushes 8 feeds.
  • the textile pieces are deflected in the direction of arrow 16 by the guide plate 14. They then run through the second lower brush set in the direction of arrows 17 and are conveyed out at 18.
  • the structure of the lower conveyor belt 19, which is guided over rollers 20 and whose upper run is also held against the brushes 8 by support rollers 12, corresponds to that of the upper conveyor belt 9.
  • the individual receptacles 2 are in the area of their container-side outputs with a steam line 21, so that via the outlet line 3 for the liquor steam can also be supplied to brushes 1 and 8.
  • a compressed air line 22 can be arranged in the containers 2, which has outlet openings facing the interior of the individual containers, so that air is blown into the containers in order to swirl the paint liquor and keep it moving.
  • At least one steam nozzle 23 can be provided in the area of the guide plate 14, so that the back of the textile pieces to be treated is also moistened by the steam during the deflection.
  • the distance between the brush axes and the conveyor belts 9 and 19 can be adjustable, so that the pretension between the conveyor belt surface and the bristles can be changed.
  • the main brushes 1 which are used essentially for processing are arranged next to one another on common shafts 26 and also one behind the other.
  • Small intermediate brushes 24 which may not be used for the application of paint, but only for the wearing treatment of the surfaces of the textiles, can be arranged in the spaces that result. In addition, as described above, they can act as hold-downs for the textiles in order to prevent the textiles to be treated from being pulled up or displaced.
  • additional intermediate brushes 25 can be provided which rotate in the opposite direction to the main brushes 1 which determine the conveying direction and thus produce folds which are subject to particular wear and tear from the brushes.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the brush sets 1 and 8, and their common drive 29 and 30, which can be a chain drive, for example.
  • the intermediate brushes 25 shown here and rotating in the opposite direction are actuated by appropriate guidance of the common drive.
  • the forces which can be transmitted to the textiles by the intermediate brushes 25 moving in the opposite direction can amount to approximately 25% of the total forces acting on the textiles.
  • the speed of the drive can be infinitely variable, so that the brushes 1 of the upper brush set can rotate at a different speed than the brushes 8 of the lower brush set.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of the small intermediate brushes 24 which act as hold-down devices (cf. also FIG. 2) for the upper and lower brush set of the device.
  • These intermediate brushes 24 can also be provided with drives 31 and 32 designed as chain drives, the chain drives here also being controllable.
  • the intermediate brushes 24 and 25 (see FIG. 2), including their drives, can be detachably inserted as a structural unit between the main brushes 1.
  • an additional device 40 is arranged between two rotating main brushes 8, with which a dyeing process as such can be further refined and thus improved compared to that according to the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the body of the additional device 40 has schematically indicated steam nozzles 41 which, as shown, can be directed against at least one of the rotating brushes 8 and which can be acted upon by a steam line 42, for example by a steam heating line.
  • the line 42 is also connected to the base body of the additional device 40.
  • the steam nozzles 41 can alternatively or simultaneously be subjected to wet steam via a further line 43.
  • the steam nozzles are adjustable according to the requirements.
  • paint nozzles 44 are provided, which can be connected to a compressed air line (not shown) and / or can be acted upon by the steam lines 42 and 43.
  • the paint supply is located in a container, not shown, to which the compressed air line can be guided in the form of a Venturi tube, so that the paint can be supplied to the paint nozzles 44 in atomized form.
  • the paint particles emerge finely distributed from the paint nozzles 44 so that they can be gripped by the brushes 8 and 24 in the manner described and introduced into the fabric 45.
  • the known methods also have a dye consumption which is up to 50 times higher, as well as a high consumption of chemicals, bleaching agents and abrasives, the latter not being able to be rinsed out of the fabric without residues despite intensive rinsing of 70 l and more per part.
  • the fabric is dyed step by step and in layers only up to the desired color level and since this does not mean that a basic dyeing has to be washed out again, this environmentally harmful operation is completely eliminated.
  • the brush technique on which the invention is based achieves a significantly higher degree of softness, so that the fabric becomes comparatively more fluid.
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a modified embodiment in which the hold-down rollers 24 (cf. FIG. 2) are not designed as bristle brush rollers but as sponge rollers.
  • the hold-down rollers 24 are not designed as bristle brush rollers but as sponge rollers.
  • These consist of a tubular shaped piece 51, which is attached to the associated shaft 50 by gluing or the like.
  • the tubular sponge shaped piece 51 can sit on the shaft 50 under pre-tension.
  • the sponge roller 52 thus formed serves primarily not to wear the textile pieces to be treated, but rather to apply paint in the manner described above, the textile pieces being squeezed and crumpled by the sponge rollers 52, so that a stronger ink application occurs in the fold area thus produced .
  • the shaft 50 can be moved more or less close to the conveyor belt 9 or to the upstream and downstream brush rollers 1 upwards, downwards and to the side in order to influence the identity of the paint application and possibly the subsequent resolution of the contour in the desired manner . Corresponding adjustment devices for the shaft 50 are provided for this.
  • the tubular foam covering 51 can also be covered by a net 53 and fastened on the shaft 50, the net, as shown, can be of large mesh so that the individual meshes 54 are on the surface map the sponge roller 52.
  • the net 53 can be guided around the sponge roller 52 in the direction of the arrows 55, the free ends 56 of the net 53 overlapping.
  • certain preformed patterns 57 can be physically applied, which can be done by gluing or by the fact that the net 53 simultaneously holds these patterns. In the latter case, the pattern of the meshes 54 would be found on the sponge roller 52 in addition to the pattern 57.
  • the pattern 57 can consist of a textile, a flexible plastic or also of a flexible metal material.

Abstract

There is to be provided a process for dyeing textiles, in which, at the same time as the dyeing, the surfaces of the textiles are treated mechanically in such a way that wear phenomena occur and that the fabric softens and by means of which it is possible to keep as low as possible both the outlay in terms of energy and material and harm to the environment. <??>For this, according to the invention, the textiles, as finished articles or piece goods, are subjected to stress in continuous flow by the bristle ends of brushes (1), by means of which a dye liquor with a very low dye fraction of the order of approximately 0.01 to 0.05 g/l is simultaneously applied to the textile articles. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Einfärbung von Textilien, bei welchem die Oberflächen der Textilien eingefärbt und zusätzlich derart mechanisch bearbeitet werden, daß Verschleißerscheinungen auftreten und daß das Gewebe erweicht.The invention relates to a method for dyeing textiles, in which the surfaces of the textiles are colored and additionally machined in such a way that signs of wear occur and that the fabric softens.

Bekannte Verfahren dieser Art dienen insbesondere der Erzeugung von modisch bedingten speziellen Kleidungsstücken mit Auswascheffekten, wie z. B. von sogenannten "Jeans".Known methods of this type are used in particular for the production of fashion-related special items of clothing with washout effects, such as. B. of so-called "jeans".

Hierfür ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei welchem entweder das fertige Stück oder das Ausgangsmaterial (Meterware) zunächst vollständig mit der Farbe versehen wird, worauf anschließend in einem Wasch- und Verschleißvorgang die Farbe bis zu 95 % herausgewaschen und gleichzeitig während dieses Waschvorganges durch Beigabe von Schleifmitteln, wie Sand und/oder Bims oder dergleichen der Verschleißeffekt erzielt wird.A method is known for this, in which either the finished piece or the starting material (by the meter) is initially used is completely provided with the color, whereupon the color is washed out up to 95% in a washing and wear process and at the same time the wear effect is achieved during this washing process by adding abrasives, such as sand and / or pumice or the like.

Ein ähnliches Verfahren wird in der DE-A-24 25 168 beschrieben.A similar process is described in DE-A-24 25 168.

Nachteilig bei diesem bekannten Verfahren ist es, daß es zum einen relativ zeitaufwendig ist, weil der größte Teil der vorher eingebrachten Farbe wieder entfernt werden muß, wodurch außerdem ein relativ hoher Energieaufwand gegeben ist, und daß zum anderen die Umwelt durch die den Gewebestücken entzogene Farbe in hohem Maße belastet wird. Außerdem ist der Materialaufwand an Farbe und Waschmitteln erheblich.The disadvantages of this known method are that it is relatively time-consuming, on the one hand, because most of the previously applied paint has to be removed again, which also means that a relatively high amount of energy is used, and, on the other hand, that the environment is removed by the color removed from the fabric pieces is heavily burdened. In addition, the cost of materials for color and detergents is considerable.

Der Erfindung liegt demgemäß die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art sowie eine dafür geeignete Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit welchem es möglich ist, sowohl den Energie- als auch den Materialaufwand als auch die Umweltbelastung möglichst gering zu halten.The invention is accordingly based on the object of providing a method of the type mentioned at the outset and a suitable device with which it is possible to keep both the energy and material expenditure and the environmental impact as low as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch durch die in den kennzeichnenden Teilen der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 bzw. 6 gelöst.This object is achieved by the in the characterizing parts of independent claims 1 and 6.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird erreicht, daß aufgrund des geringen Farbanteiles, der zur Oberflächeneinfärbung der Textilstücke erforderlich ist, auch nur eine sehr geringe Menge der Farbflotte auf die Oberfläche der Textilien aufgebracht zu werden braucht, so daß die Textilien noch nicht einmal vollständig durchfeuchtet werden, sondern rasch trocknen. Dies bedeutet, daß praktisch keinerlei Farbrückstände in die Umwelt entlassen werden müssen, weil die eingebrachten Farbmengen vollständig von den Textilien absorbiert werden.With the method according to the invention it is achieved that, due to the small amount of color required for the surface coloring of the textile pieces, only a very small amount of the dye liquor needs to be applied to the surface of the textiles, so that the textiles are not even completely wetted out, but dry quickly. This means that practically no color residues have to be released into the environment because the amounts of color introduced are completely absorbed by the textiles.

Die Textilstücke können aber auch so weit mit der Farbflotte durchtränkt werden, daß sich die Farbgebung auf der Textilrückseite, also auf der den Bürsten abgewandten Seite der Textilien abbildet, was insbesondere dadurch begünstigt werden kann, daß die Farbflotte mit Dampf beaufschlagt wird, welcher das Einziehen und Durchziehen durch die Textilstücke begünstigt. Bei dem Dampf handelt es sich um normalen Naßdampf mit einer Temperatur von etwa 100° bis 120° C.However, the textile pieces can also be soaked with the dye liquor so that the coloring is reflected on the back of the textile, i.e. on the side of the textiles facing away from the brushes, which can be particularly favored by the fact that the dye liquor is subjected to steam, which is drawn in and pulling through the textile pieces favored. The steam is normal wet steam with a temperature of about 100 ° to 120 ° C.

Etwa überschüssige Anteile der Farbflotte, die an den Textilstücken vorbeigelangen, können zweckmäßigerweise aufgefangen und der Farbflotte wieder zugeführt werden.Excess portions of the dye liquor that pass the textile pieces can expediently be collected and returned to the dye liquor.

Bei einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind mehrere sich drehende und angetriebene Bürsten vorgesehen, die die Textilstücke mit der Farbflotte beaufschlagen und gleichzeitig mechanisch bearbeiten.In a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, a plurality of rotating and driven brushes are provided which act on the textile pieces with the dye liquor and simultaneously process them mechanically.

Die Vorrichtung besteht zweckmäßigerweise aus einer Reihe von horizontal angeordneten Aufnahmebehältern für die Farbflotte mit getrennten Auslaßkanälen, die auf die Borsten der drehbar unterhalb der Behälter angeordneten Bürsten gerichtet sind.The device expediently consists of a series of horizontally arranged receptacles for the paint liquor with separate outlet channels which are directed at the bristles of the brushes which are arranged rotatably below the containers.

Zweckmäßig ist es, wenn unterhalb der Bürsten wenigstens ein Förderband kontinuierlich umläuft, auf welches die Textilstücke aufgelagert werden, und welches unter Vorspannung gegen die Borsten der Bürsten anliegt. Auf diese Weise werden nämlich durch die Bürsten die Textilstücke nicht nur eingefärbt, sondern aufgrund der Vorspannung auch in ihrer Oberfläche in der oben beschriebenen Weise bearbeitet.It is expedient if at least one conveyor belt rotates continuously beneath the brushes, on which the textile pieces are placed and which bears against the bristles of the brushes under prestress. In this way, the brushes not only color the textile pieces, but also treat their surface in the manner described above due to the pretension.

Das Förderband besteht zweckmäßigerweise aus einem elastischen mit Durchbrüchen versehenen Material, damit die überschüssige Farbflotte durch das Förderband hindurch in eine zweckmäßigerweise unterhalb des Förderbandes angeordnete Aufnahmewanne gelangen kann. Insbesondere ist es möglich, das Förderband aus einem Gummi, insbesondere einem textilfaserverstärkten Gummi herzustellen.The conveyor belt expediently consists of an elastic material provided with openings so that the excess liquor of paint can pass through the conveyor belt into a receiving trough which is expediently arranged below the conveyor belt. In particular, it is possible to produce the conveyor belt from a rubber, in particular a textile fiber reinforced rubber.

Vorteilhaft ist es weiter, wenn die Vorrichtung so ausgestaltet ist, daß in einem Arbeitsgang die Vorder- und die Rückseite der Textilstücke in derselben Weise bearbeitet werden können. Hierzu ist zweckmäßigerweise eine Umlenkvorrichtung sowie ein zweites unterhalb des ersten angeordnetes Förderband vorgesehen, das ebenfalls von Bürsten beaufschlagt wird, die oberhalb des zweiten Förderbandes laufen. Die Textilstücke werden also von dem ersten Förderband in die Umlenkvorrichtung gefördert, dann von dem zweiten Förderband ergriffen und zum zweiten Mal durch die Vorrichtung gezogen. Die Umlenkvorrichtung kann aus einem Leitblech bestehen, welches die Textilstücke zum zweiten Förderband führt.It is also advantageous if the device is designed in such a way that the front and the back of the textile pieces can be processed in the same way in one operation. For this purpose, a deflection device and a second conveyor belt arranged below the first are expediently provided, which are also acted upon by brushes which run above the second conveyor belt. The pieces of textile are thus conveyed into the deflection device by the first conveyor belt, then gripped by the second conveyor belt and pulled through the device for the second time. The deflection device can consist of a guide plate which guides the textile pieces to the second conveyor belt.

Vorteilhaft ist es weiter, wenn die einzelnen Aufnahmebehälter an ihren Ausgängen mit wenigstens einer Dampfleitung in Verbindung stehen, wobei der Zufuhrkanal für die Hinführung der Farbflotte zu den Bürsten gleichzeitig auch den Dampf zuführen kann, so daß die Durchtränkung herbeigeführt wird. Vorteilhaft ist es weiter, wenn in den Aufnahmebehältern wenigstens eine Druckluftleitung angeordnet ist, die dem Innenraum der einzelnen Aufnahmebehälter zugewandte Austritteöffnungen hat, um die Farbflotte zu verwirbeln und in Bewegung zu halten, so daß sich Farbbestandteile nicht absetzen können.It is also advantageous if the individual receptacles have at least one steam line at their outputs are connected, the supply channel for the supply of the paint liquor to the brushes can also supply the steam at the same time, so that the impregnation is brought about. It is also advantageous if at least one compressed air line is arranged in the receptacles, which has outlet openings facing the interior of the individual receptacles, in order to swirl the paint liquor and keep it moving, so that paint components cannot settle.

Zweckmäßig ist es, wenn die Zufuhrkanäle für die Farbflotte einzeln absperrbar sind, wobei entsprechende Absperrventile zweckmäßigerweise in unmittelbarer Nähe der Oberflächen der Bürsten angeordnet sind. Diese Zufuhrkanäle können auch mit einem Bypass versehen sein, der die Farbflotte an den Ventilen vorbei der zweiten, dem zweiten Förderband zugeordneten Reihe, von Bearbeitungsbürsten zuführt, so daß die abgeschlossenen Ventile umgangen werden können.It is expedient if the feed channels for the paint liquor can be shut off individually, appropriate shut-off valves being expediently arranged in the immediate vicinity of the surfaces of the brushes. These feed channels can also be provided with a bypass which feeds the paint liquor past the valves past the second row of processing brushes assigned to the second conveyor belt, so that the closed valves can be bypassed.

Ferner kann zweckmäßigerweise Dampf vor der Bearbeitung der Rückseite der Textilstücke mittels einer Dampfdüse im Bereich des Leitbleches den Bürsten zugeführt werden, so daß auch die Rückseite der zu behandelnden Textilstücke von Dampf durchfeuchtet wird.Furthermore, steam can be expediently fed to the brushes by means of a steam nozzle in the region of the guide plate before the back of the textile pieces are processed, so that steam also dampens the back of the textile pieces to be treated.

Eine derartige Anordnung kann in verschiedenster Weise genutzt werden. So kann beispielsweise die Intensität der Farbe in den einzelnen Aufnahmebehältern unterschiedlich sein; es können verschiedene Farben in den einzelnen Behältern vorgesehen sein, und es können abschnittsweise die Ventile so eingestellt werden, daß entweder gar keine oder eine unterschiedliche Menge von Farbflotte auf die Bürsten gelangt.Such an arrangement can be used in many different ways. For example, the intensity of the color in the individual receptacles can be different; Different colors can be provided in the individual containers, and the valves can be adjusted in sections so that either no or a different amount of liquor reaches the brushes.

Die Aufnehmebehälter können beheizt sein, wobei die Temperaturen in den einzelnen Aufnahmebehältern unterschiedlich sein können, so daß sich hieraus unterschiedliche Einziehgeschwindigkeiten für die Farbflotte ergeben.The receptacles can be heated, and the temperatures in the individual receptacles can be different, so that this results in different drawing speeds for the dye liquor.

Schließlich kann auch der Abstand der Achsen oder Wellen der Bürsten zu den Förderbändern einstellbar sein, so daß auf diese Weise die Vorspannung, mit welcher die verschleißende Bearbeitung der Textilien vorgenommen wird, sich ändert.Finally, the distance between the axes or shafts of the brushes and the conveyor belts can also be adjustable, so that in this way the pretension with which the weary processing of the textiles is carried out changes.

Alle Bürsten können mit einem gemeinsamen Antrieb, beispielsweise einem Kettentrieb, versehen sein, so daß ein einziger Antriebsmotor zum Antrieb der Bürsten genügt.All brushes can be provided with a common drive, for example a chain drive, so that a single drive motor is sufficient to drive the brushes.

Zwischen den mit relativ großen Durchmessern versehenen Hauptbürsten können Zwischenbürsten angeordnet sein, die einen kleineren Durchmesser haben und nicht unbedingt dem Farbauftrag dienen, sondern lediglich der verschleißenden Behandlung der Oberflächen der Textilien.Between the main brushes with relatively large diameters, intermediate brushes can be arranged which have a smaller diameter and are not necessarily used for the application of paint, but only for the wearing treatment of the surfaces of the textiles.

Die Förderbänder können unterteilt sein, oder aber die Bürsten können mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten laufen, so daß sich in den Gewebestücken Falten ergeben, die einem besonderen Verschleiß durch die Bürsten ausgesetzt sind. Aus denselben Gründen ist es möglich, weitere Zwischenbürsten vorzusehen, die im Gegenlauf zu den die Förderrichtung bestimmenden Hauptbürsten sich drehen.The conveyor belts can be subdivided, or the brushes can run at different speeds, so that folds result in the pieces of tissue which are subject to particular wear and tear from the brushes. For the same reasons, it is possible to provide additional intermediate brushes which rotate in the opposite direction to the main brushes which determine the direction of conveyance.

Ein weiterer Bürstensatz in jeder Bürstenreihe kann als Niederhalter Verwendung finden.Another brush set in each row of brushes can be used as a hold-down.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn eine Zusatzeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit welcher die Farbpartikel über Farbdüsen unter gleichzeitiger Druckbeaufschlagung den umlaufenden Bürsten und/oder den zu bearbeitenden Textilien zugeführt werden.It is particularly advantageous if an additional device is provided, by means of which the paint particles are supplied to the rotating brushes and / or the textiles to be processed via paint nozzles with simultaneous pressurization.

Zweckmäßigerweise weist die Zusatzeinrichtung mehrere Dampfdüsen sowie wenigstens eine Zufuhrleitung für die Zufuhr von Heizungsdampf und/oder Naßdampf zu den Dampfdüsen auf.The additional device expediently has a plurality of steam nozzles and at least one supply line for the supply of Heating steam and / or wet steam to the steam nozzles.

Hierbei können die Farbdüsen auch von einer Druckluftleitung und/oder von den Dampfleitungen beaufschlagt werden.Here, the paint nozzles can also be acted upon by a compressed air line and / or by the steam lines.

Zweckmäßigerweise kann der Druckluftleitung ein die Farbe enthaltender Behälter zugeordnet sein, der dort die Form eines Venturirohres zur Entnahme von Farbpartikeln hat.A container containing the paint can expediently be assigned to the compressed air line, which there has the shape of a Venturi tube for removing paint particles.

Es können insbesondere auch mehrere Zusatzeinrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die nebeneinander angeordnet sind und etwa 15 steuer- und regulierbare Bürstensysteme beaufschlagen.In particular, it is also possible to provide a plurality of additional devices which are arranged next to one another and act on approximately 15 controllable and regulatable brush systems.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß die Niederhalterbürsten, die zwischen den Bearbeitungsbürsten angeordnet sind und einen wesentlich kleineren Durchmesser als diese haben, nicht, wie in den vorangegangenen Ausführungsbeispielen, als Borstenbürsten, sondern als Schwammwalzenbürsten ausgebildet sind, die aus einem auf eine Welle aufgezogenen zylindrischen schlauchförmigen Formstück bestehen, welches mit der Welle durch Klebung oder dergleichen fest verbunden ist.Another embodiment of the device for performing the method according to the invention is that the hold-down brushes, which are arranged between the processing brushes and have a much smaller diameter than these, are not designed as bristle brushes, as in the previous exemplary embodiments, but as sponge roller brushes, which consist of a cylindrical tubular fitting mounted on a shaft, which is firmly connected to the shaft by gluing or the like.

Die Verwendung solcher Schwammwalzenbürsten hat den Vorteil, daß sich damit aufgrund der stärkeren Adhäsion zu dem Textilstück Knautschzonen ergeben, die sich als Muster- oder Strichbildung auf dem Textilstück niederschlagen und eine höhere Einfärbung als die Umgebung aufweisen. Damit es zu dieser Erscheinung kommt, werden solche Schwammwalzenbürsten im allgemeinen nicht als verschleißende Werkzeuge eingesetzt, sondern als Knautsch- und Auftragsbürsten für das Farbmaterial. Im Rahmen der Knautschfunktion kann außerdem ein Abquetschen herbeigeführt werden, indem im Faltenbereich aufgrund der Zusammenschiebung des Textilstückes in diesem Bereich es zu einem stärkeren Farbaufdruck und damit zu einer Wiedergabe des so erzeugten Musters kommt.The use of such sponge roller brushes has the advantage that due to the stronger adhesion to the piece of textile Crumple zones result, which form a pattern or line formation on the textile piece and have a higher coloration than the surroundings. In order for this phenomenon to occur, such sponge roller brushes are generally not used as wearing tools, but rather as crumple and application brushes for the color material. In the context of the crumple function, squeezing can also be brought about by the fact that in the area of the folds due to the pushing together of the textile piece in this area there is a stronger color print and thus a reproduction of the pattern thus produced.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die aus Schwämmen bestehenden Niederhalterbürsten in ihrer Relativlage zu den benachbarten Borstenbürsten nach vorn, nach hinten, nach oben oder nach unten einstellbar sind, wobei auch eine unterschiedliche Einstellung der Höhe der die Schwämme tragenden Wellen zu der Oberfläche des Förderbandes in Betracht kommt. Wird die Welle näher an das Förderband herangeführt, so bedeutet dies, daß in diesem Bereich der zylindrische Schwammüberzug stärker zusammengedrückt wird, was gleichzeitig einen höheren Druck auf das Textilstück in diesem Bereich bedeutet und damit zu hiervon wieder abweichenden Mustern führt.It is advantageous if the hold-down brushes consisting of sponges can be adjusted forwards, backwards, upwards or downwards in their position relative to the neighboring bristle brushes, a different setting of the height of the waves carrying the sponges to the surface of the conveyor belt also being considered is coming. If the shaft is brought closer to the conveyor belt, this means that the cylindrical sponge coating is compressed more strongly in this area, which at the same time means a higher pressure on the textile piece in this area and thus leads to patterns which deviate therefrom.

Diesen Schwammwalzenbürsten sind, wie bei den vorangegangenen Ausführungsformen auch, Bürstenbürstenwalzen nachgeschaltet, welche die durch die Schwämme erzeugte ziemlich deutliche Kontur der Quetschfalten oder dergleichen zu einem Teil wieder auflösen, wobei die Größe der Auflösung von der Anzahl der nachgeschalteten Borstenbürsten abhängt.Downstream of these sponge roller brushes, as in the previous embodiments, are brush brush rollers, which partially dissolve the rather clear contour of the pinch folds or the like produced by the sponges, the size of the resolution depending on the number of bristle brushes connected downstream.

Die aufgetragene Kontur mittels der Schwämme ist aber von Hause aus sehr viel deutlicher als diejenige, die gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform durch Borstenbürsten, beispielsweise durch die Niederhalterbürsten, entsteht, so daß bei der Schwammausführung die aufgebrachte Kontur in jedem Fall trotz der Auflösung durch die nachgeschalteten Borstenbürsten weitgehend erhalten bleibt.However, the contour applied by means of the sponges is inherently much clearer than that which, according to the first embodiment, is created by bristle brushes, for example by the hold-down brushes, so that the sponge design in any case, despite the dissolution by the downstream bristle brushes, the contour applied largely preserved.

Wie die Niederhalterbürsten nach der ersten Ausführungsform auch, können die Schwammwalzenbürsten gegenläufig zu den benachbarten Borstenbürstenwalzen laufen, was zu einer weiteren Steigerung der Auflösung der Kontur wegen der hierdurch bedingten Relativbewegung führt.Like the hold-down brushes according to the first embodiment, the sponge roller brushes can run in the opposite direction to the neighboring bristle brush rollers, which leads to a further increase in the resolution of the contour due to the relative movement caused thereby.

Anstelle des Förderbandes können die Textilstücke mittels der Bürsten auch auf einer glatten und ebenen Gleitfläche entlanggeführt werden, wobei ihr Vorschub durch die in Vorschubrichtung wirkenden Hauptbürsten bewirkt wird. Dieser Hauptvorschub wird auch dadurch nicht beeinträchtigt, daß vereinzelt gegenläufig arbeitende Bürsten, wie die Niederhalterbürsten oder die Schwammwalzenbürsten, vorgesehen sind, da die von den Hauptbürsten aufgebrachten Vorschubkräfte in jedem Fall ein Mehrfaches der Kräfte der gegenläufig arbeitenden Schwammbürstenwalzen betragen.Instead of the conveyor belt, the textile pieces can also be guided along on a smooth and flat sliding surface by means of the brushes, their feed being effected by the main brushes acting in the feed direction. This main feed is not affected by the fact that occasionally opposed Working brushes, such as the hold-down brushes or the sponge roller brushes, are provided, since the feed forces applied by the main brushes are in any case a multiple of the forces of the sponge brush rollers working in opposite directions.

Diese Gleitfläche kann aus einem polierten Edelstahl, aus einem glatten verschleißfesten Kunststoff oder dergleichen bestehen, so daß die Bewegung der Textilstücke entlang dieser Fläche nicht behindert wird.This sliding surface can consist of a polished stainless steel, a smooth, wear-resistant plastic or the like, so that the movement of the textile pieces along this surface is not hindered.

Zur Wiedergewinnung von Farbe kann die Gleitfläche mit nach unten weisenden Öffnungen versehen sein, durch welche die überschüssige Farbe oder das überschüssige Farbmaterial (die Farbflotte) abtropfen und dort aufgefangen werden kann.For the recovery of paint, the sliding surface can be provided with openings pointing downwards, through which the excess paint or the excess paint material (the paint liquor) can drip off and be collected there.

Die so abgeführte Farbflotte kann im oberen Bereich der Vorrichtung wieder in die Farbflottenbehälter eingeführt werden.The liquor so discharged can be reintroduced into the liquor tank in the upper area of the device.

Neben den durch Abquetscherscheinungen oder Knautscherscheinungen auf den Textilstücken erzeugten Mustern können bestimmte Formen von Mustern auch bewußt dadurch erzielt werden, daß auf der Oberfläche der Schwammbürstenwalze Musterstücke körperlich aufgebracht werden, was durch Klebung oder beispielsweise dadurch geschehen kann, daß über die gesamte Schwammbürstenwalze ein ein Netz geführt ist, welches die obengenannten Gegenstände auf dieser festhält. Ein solches Netz hat gleichzeitig den Vorteil, daß von Hause aus die Kontur, die durch das Musterstück erzeugt werden soll, aufgelöst erscheint (geslftet).In addition to the patterns produced by squeezing or crumple phenomena on the textile pieces, certain forms of patterns can also be deliberately achieved by physically applying pattern pieces to the surface of the sponge brush roller, which can be done by gluing or, for example, by applying a sponge brush roller over the entire surface a network is maintained, which holds the above items on this. At the same time, such a network has the advantage that the contour that is to be created by the sample appears to be dissolved (smoothed).

Das Musterstück kann aus einem Textil, einem flexiblen Kunststoff, aber auch aus einem flexiblen Metallmaterial bestehen.The sample can consist of a textile, a flexible plastic, but also of a flexible metal material.

Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Erzeugung des Musters besteht darin, daß in die Oberfläche der Schwammwalzenbürsten Vertiefungen eingebracht sind, beispielsweise durch Ausfräsungen, welche die Musterkonturen bilden.Another possibility for generating the pattern is that recesses are made in the surface of the sponge roller brushes, for example by milling, which form the pattern contours.

Das über die Musterstücke und die Schwammwalzen gezogene Netz kann auch ein Textilstoff sein, beispielsweise ein grobmaschiger Textilstoff, dessen Maschen als Muster sich dann auf dem einzufärbenden Textilstück wiederfinden.The net drawn over the sample pieces and the sponge rollers can also be a textile material, for example a coarse-mesh textile material, the stitches of which can then be found as a pattern on the textile piece to be colored.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in der Zeichnung näher erläutert.

Fig. 1
zeigt in schematischer, teilweise perspektivischer Darstellung die Ansicht der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
Fig. 2
ist die Ansicht II/II auf die drehbaren Bürsten unter Weglassung der Zufuhrkanäle.
Fig. 3
zeigt in Ansicht die Bürstensätze zur Behandlung der Textilien und ihren Antrieb.
Fig. 4
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung in Ansicht achsparallel zu den Bearbeitungsbürsten verlaufende Niederhalter, die ebenfalls Bürstenform haben können.
Fig. 5
zeigt in schematischer Darstellung eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform zur Aufbringung der Farbflotte.
Fig. 6
zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Ausführungsform einer Schwammwalze.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in the drawing.
Fig. 1
shows a schematic, partial perspective view of the device for performing the method according to the invention.
Fig. 2
is the view II / II on the rotating brushes with the omission of the feed channels.
Fig. 3
shows the brush sets for treating the textiles and their drive.
Fig. 4
shows a schematic representation in view axially parallel to the machining brushes holding down devices, which can also have a brush shape.
Fig. 5
shows a schematic representation of a modified embodiment for applying the dye liquor.
Fig. 6
shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sponge roller.

Gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 sind mehrere sich drehende und angetriebene Bürsten 1 vorgesehen, die die zu bearbeitenden Textilien mit der Farbflotte beaufschlagen. Die Farbflotte befindet sich in einer Reihe von Aufnahmebehältern 2, die jeweils getrennte Auslässe 3 in Form von schachtartigen Kanälen oder Leitungen haben, welche auf die Borsten der unterhalb der Behälter 2 angeordneten Bürsten 1 gerichtet sind. Der besseren Übersichtlichkeit halber ist in Fig. 1 die perspektivische Darstellung der Behälter 2, der Auslässe 3 und der Bürsten 1 nur schematisch angedeutet.According to FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of rotating and driven brushes 1 are provided, which apply the dye liquor to the textiles to be processed. The paint liquor is located in a row of receptacles 2, each of which has separate outlets 3 in the form of shaft-like channels or lines, which are directed towards the bristles of the brushes 1 arranged below the container 2. For the sake of clarity, the perspective representation of the containers 2, the outlets 3 and the brushes 1 is only indicated schematically in FIG. 1.

Die Auslaßleitungen 3 für die Farbflotte sind durch Absperrventile 4 einzeln absperrbar, wobei die Absperrventile 4 in unmittelbarer Nähe der Oberflächen der Bürsten 1 angeordnet sind. Die Auslaßleitungen 3 können auch mit einem Bypass 5 versehen sein, der die Farbflotte an den Ventilen 4 vorbei einer zweiten Reihe von Auslaßleitungen 6 mit Ventilen 7 und über diese einer zweiten Reihe Bürsten 8 zuführt.The outlet lines 3 for the paint liquor can be shut off individually by shut-off valves 4, the shut-off valves 4 being arranged in the immediate vicinity of the surfaces of the brushes 1. The outlet lines 3 can also be provided with a bypass 5, which supplies the paint liquor past the valves 4 past a second row of outlet lines 6 with valves 7 and, via these, to a second row of brushes 8.

Unterhalb der Bürsten 1 läuft ein angetriebenes und über Rollen 10 geführtes Förderband 9 kontinuierlich um, welches sich mit seinem Obertrum in Richtung der Pfeile 11 bewegt. Diese Art Bewegungsrichtung ist auch in Fig. 2 durch den Pfeil 11 wiedergegeben. Die zu bearbeitenden Textilstücke werden also rechts in den Fig. 1 und 2 in die Vorrichtung oberhalb des Förderbandes 9 eingegeben und in der beschriebenen Weise von den unter Vorspannung auf diesem Förderband aufliegenden sich drehenden Bürsten 1 bearbeitet. Den Textilstücken wird hierbei über die Zufuhrschächte 3 und die Bürsten 1 die Farbflotte zugeführt und außerdem werden sie aufgrund der Vorspannung auch in ihrer Oberfläche machanisch bearbeitet.Below the brushes 1, a driven conveyor belt 9, which is guided by rollers 10, runs continuously, which moves with its upper run in the direction of the arrows 11. This type of direction of movement is also represented in FIG. 2 by the arrow 11. The pieces of textile to be processed are thus entered into the device above the conveyor belt 9 on the right in FIGS. 1 and 2 and processed in the manner described by the rotating brushes 1 resting on this conveyor belt under tension. The dye liquor is fed to the textile pieces via the feed chutes 3 and the brushes 1 and, furthermore, their surface is machined due to the prestressing.

Das Förderband 9 ist im Bereich seines Obertrums in an sich bekannter Weise mit kleinen Stützrollen 12 versehen, so daß die Vorspannung über die gesamte Länge des Förderbandes aufrecht erhalten bleibt.The conveyor belt 9 is provided in the area of its upper run in a manner known per se with small support rollers 12, so that the pre-tension is maintained over the entire length of the conveyor belt.

Das Förderband 9 besteht aus einem elastischen mit Durchbrüchen versehenen Material, damit die überschüssige Farbflotte nach unten in eine unterhalb des Förderbandes 9 angeordnete Aufnahmewanne 13 gelangen kann.The conveyor belt 9 consists of an elastic material provided with openings so that the excess liquor of paint can get down into a receiving trough 13 arranged below the conveyor belt 9.

Um in einem Arbeitsgang auch die Rückseite der Textilstücke in derselben Weise bearbeiten zu können, ist eine Umlenkvorrichtung in Form eines Leitbleches 14 vorgesehen, welche die aus dem ersten Bürstensatz 1 in Richtung des Pfeiles 15 herausgeförderten und einseitig bearbeiteten Textilstücke dem zweiten unteren Bürstensatz mit den Bürsten 8 zuführt. Durch das Leitblech 14 werden die Textilstücke in Richtung des Pfeiles 16 umgelenkt. Sie durchlaufen dann den zweiten unteren Bürstensatz in Richtung der Pfeile 17 und werden bei 18 ausgefördert. Der Aufbau des unteren Förderbandes 19, welches über Rollen 20 geführt ist, und dessen Obertrum ebenfalls durch Stützrollen 12 gegen die Bürsten 8 gehalten wird, entspricht denjenigen des oberen Förderbandes 9.In order to be able to process the back of the textile pieces in the same way in one operation, a deflection device in the form of a guide plate 14 is provided, which the textile pieces conveyed out of the first brush set 1 in the direction of arrow 15 and processed on one side, the second lower brush set with the brushes 8 feeds. The textile pieces are deflected in the direction of arrow 16 by the guide plate 14. They then run through the second lower brush set in the direction of arrows 17 and are conveyed out at 18. The structure of the lower conveyor belt 19, which is guided over rollers 20 and whose upper run is also held against the brushes 8 by support rollers 12, corresponds to that of the upper conveyor belt 9.

Die einzelnen Aufnahmebehälter 2 stehen im Bereich ihrer behälterseitigen Ausgänge mit einer Dampfleitung 21 in Verbindung, so daß über die Auslaßleitung 3 für die Farbflotte auch Dampf den Bürsten 1 und 8 zugeführt werden kann. Außerdem kann in den Behältern 2 jeweils eine Druckluftleitung 22 angeordnet sein, die den Innenraum der einzelnen Behälter zugewandte Austrittöffnungen hat, so daß Luft in die Behälter eingeblasen wird, um die Farbflotte zu verwirbeln und in Bewegung zu halten.The individual receptacles 2 are in the area of their container-side outputs with a steam line 21, so that via the outlet line 3 for the liquor steam can also be supplied to brushes 1 and 8. In addition, in each case a compressed air line 22 can be arranged in the containers 2, which has outlet openings facing the interior of the individual containers, so that air is blown into the containers in order to swirl the paint liquor and keep it moving.

Im Bereich des Leitbleches 14 kann wenigstens eine Dampfdüse 23 vorgesehen sein, so daß während der Umlenkung auch die Rückseite der zu behandelden Textilstücke vom Dampf durchfeuchtet wird. Der Abstand der Bürstenachsen zu den Förderbändern 9 und 19 kann einstellbar sein, so daß die Vorspannung zwischen Förderbandoberfläche und Borsten geändert werden kann.At least one steam nozzle 23 can be provided in the area of the guide plate 14, so that the back of the textile pieces to be treated is also moistened by the steam during the deflection. The distance between the brush axes and the conveyor belts 9 and 19 can be adjustable, so that the pretension between the conveyor belt surface and the bristles can be changed.

Wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, sind die im wesentlichen der Bearbeitung dienenden Hauptbürsten 1, sowohl nebeneinander auf gemeinsamen Wellen 26, als auch hintereinander angeordnet. In den sich so ergebenden Zwischenräumen können kleinere Zwischenbürsten 24 angeordnet sein, die gegebenenfalls nicht dem Farbauftrag dienen, sondern lediglich der verschleißenden Behandlung der Oberflächen der Textilien. Außerdem können sie, wie oben beschrieben, als Niederhalter für die Textilien fungieren, um ein Hochreißen oder Versetzen der zu behandelnden Textilstücke zu verhindern.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the main brushes 1 which are used essentially for processing are arranged next to one another on common shafts 26 and also one behind the other. Small intermediate brushes 24, which may not be used for the application of paint, but only for the wearing treatment of the surfaces of the textiles, can be arranged in the spaces that result. In addition, as described above, they can act as hold-downs for the textiles in order to prevent the textiles to be treated from being pulled up or displaced.

Schließlich können weitere Zwischenbürsten 25 vorgesehen sein, die sich im Gegenlauf zu den die Förderrichtung bestimmenden Hauptbürsten 1 drehen und damit Falten erzeugen, die einem besonderen Verschleiß durch die Bürsten ausgesetzt sind.Finally, additional intermediate brushes 25 can be provided which rotate in the opposite direction to the main brushes 1 which determine the conveying direction and thus produce folds which are subject to particular wear and tear from the brushes.

Die Bearbeitungsrichtung dieser Bürsten ist also gegenläufig zu derjenigen der Bürsten 1; die Eingriffsrichtung entspricht also den Pfeilen 28.The processing direction of these brushes is therefore opposite to that of the brushes 1; the direction of engagement thus corresponds to the arrows 28.

Fig. 3 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung die Bürstensätze 1 und 8,sowie deren gemeinsamen Antrieb 29 und 30, der beispielsweise ein Kettentrieb sein kann. Mit de Antriebe 29 und 30 werden auch die hier dargestellten und sich im Gegenlauf drehenden Zwischenbürsten 25 durch entsprechende Führung des gemeinsamen Antriebes betätigt. Die von den im Gegenlauf sich bewegenden Zwischenbürsten 25 auf die Textilien übertragbaren Kräfte können etwa 25 % der gesamten auf die Textilien wirkenden Kräfte betragen.Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the brush sets 1 and 8, and their common drive 29 and 30, which can be a chain drive, for example. With de drives 29 and 30, the intermediate brushes 25 shown here and rotating in the opposite direction are actuated by appropriate guidance of the common drive. The forces which can be transmitted to the textiles by the intermediate brushes 25 moving in the opposite direction can amount to approximately 25% of the total forces acting on the textiles.

Die Geschwindigkeit des Antriebes kann stufenlos regelbar sein, so daß die Bürsten 1 des oberen Bürstensatzes sich mit abweichender Geschwindigkeit gegenüber den Bürsten 8 des unteren Bürstensatzes drehen können.The speed of the drive can be infinitely variable, so that the brushes 1 of the upper brush set can rotate at a different speed than the brushes 8 of the lower brush set.

Fig. 4 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung die kleinen, als Niederhalter fungierenden Zwischenbürsten 24 (vgl. auch Fig. 2) für den oberen und unteren Bürstensatz der Vorrichtung. Diese Zwischenbürsten 24 können ebenfalls mit als Kettentrieb ausgebildeten Antrieben 31 und 32 versehen sein, wobei auch hier die Kettentriebe regelbar sein können. Die Zwischenbürsten 24 und 25 (vgl. Fig. 2) können einschließlich ihrer Antriebe als Baueinheit zwischen die Hauptbürsten 1 lösbar eingesetzt sein.Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of the small intermediate brushes 24 which act as hold-down devices (cf. also FIG. 2) for the upper and lower brush set of the device. These intermediate brushes 24 can also be provided with drives 31 and 32 designed as chain drives, the chain drives here also being controllable. The intermediate brushes 24 and 25 (see FIG. 2), including their drives, can be detachably inserted as a structural unit between the main brushes 1.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5 ist jeweils zwischen zwei umlaufenden Hauptbürsten 8 eine Zusatzeinrichtung 40 angeordnet, mit welcher ein Färbevorgang als solcher gegenüber demjenigen nach den obengenannten Ausführungsformen weiter verfeinert und damit verbessert werden kann. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform weist der Körper der Zusatzeinrichtung 40 schematisch angedeutete Dampfdüsen 41 auf, die, wie dargestellt, gegen wenigstens eine der rotierenden Bürsten 8 gerichtet sein können und die von einer Dampfleitung 42, beispielsweise von einer Dampfheizungsleitung, beaufschlagbar sind. Die Leitung 42 ist ebenfalls an den Grundkörper der Zusatzeinrichtung 40 angeschlossen. In entsprechender Weise können die Dampfdüsen 41 auch alternativ oder gleichzeitig mit Naßdampf über eine weitere Leitung 43 beaufschlagt werden. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, den Naßdampf auch durch die Leitung 42 zuzuführen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, an additional device 40 is arranged between two rotating main brushes 8, with which a dyeing process as such can be further refined and thus improved compared to that according to the above-mentioned embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, the body of the additional device 40 has schematically indicated steam nozzles 41 which, as shown, can be directed against at least one of the rotating brushes 8 and which can be acted upon by a steam line 42, for example by a steam heating line. The line 42 is also connected to the base body of the additional device 40. In a corresponding manner, the steam nozzles 41 can alternatively or simultaneously be subjected to wet steam via a further line 43. Of course, it is also possible to supply the wet steam through line 42.

Die Dampfdüsen sind entsprechend den Anforderungen einstellbar.The steam nozzles are adjustable according to the requirements.

Ferner sind mehrere Farbdüsen 44 vorgesehen, die an eine nicht dargestellte Druckluftleitung angeschlossen sein können und/oder von den Dampfleitungen 42 und 43 beaufschlagt werden können.Furthermore, several paint nozzles 44 are provided, which can be connected to a compressed air line (not shown) and / or can be acted upon by the steam lines 42 and 43.

Der Farbenvorrat befindet sich in einem nicht dargestellten Behälter, an welchem die Druckluftleitung in Form eines Venturirohres vorbeigeführt werden kann, so daß die Farbe den Farbdüsen 44 bereits in zerstäubter Form zuführbar ist.The paint supply is located in a container, not shown, to which the compressed air line can be guided in the form of a Venturi tube, so that the paint can be supplied to the paint nozzles 44 in atomized form.

Wie in Fig. 5 schematisch angedeutet, treten die Farbpartikel fein verteilt aus den Farbdüsen 44 aus, so daß sie in der beschriebenen Weise von den Bürsten 8 und 24 erfaßt und in das Gewebe 45 eingebracht werden können.As indicated schematically in FIG. 5, the paint particles emerge finely distributed from the paint nozzles 44 so that they can be gripped by the brushes 8 and 24 in the manner described and introduced into the fabric 45.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung werden also erheblich bessere Ergebnisse als mit den bekannten Verfahren erreicht, wobei deren hoher Umweltbelastungsgrad vermieden wird. Die bekannten Verfahren haben auch einen bis zu 50fach höheren Farbstoffverbrauch, sowie einen hohen Verbrauch an Chemikalien, Bleichwasch- und Schleifmitteln, wobei letztere trotz intensiver Spülung von 70 l und mehr pro Teil nicht rückstandsfrei aus dem Gewebe herausgespült werden können.With the arrangement according to the invention, considerably better results are achieved than with the known methods, their high degree of environmental pollution being avoided. The known methods also have a dye consumption which is up to 50 times higher, as well as a high consumption of chemicals, bleaching agents and abrasives, the latter not being able to be rinsed out of the fabric without residues despite intensive rinsing of 70 l and more per part.

Da Jeans- und Freizeitkleidung fast ausschließlich ungefüttert hergestellt wird, haben die auf diese Weise eingefärbten Stoffe einen ständigen Hautkontakt, der aufgrund der obengenannten Rückstände in den Textilien zu Haut- und Allergieerkrankungen führen kann.Since jeans and casual clothing are almost exclusively unlined, the fabrics dyed in this way have constant skin contact, which can lead to skin and allergy diseases due to the above-mentioned residues in the textiles.

Im Gegensatz dazu wird bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung nahezu vollständig auf die Verwendung der obengenannten Chemikalien und Schleifmittel verzichtet, so daß auch keine Ausspülungen mehr notwendig sind. Das mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung durchgeführte Verfahren ist ansonsten entsorgungsfrei und entsprechend hautfreundlich.In contrast, in the arrangement according to the invention, the use of the abovementioned chemicals and abrasives is almost completely dispensed with, so that rinsing out is also no longer necessary. The method carried out with the arrangement according to the invention is otherwise disposal-free and correspondingly skin-friendly.

Da bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das Gewebe stufen- und schichtweise nur bis zu der gewünschten Farbstufe eingefärbt wird und da damit nicht eine Grundeinfärbung wieder herausgewaschen werden muß, fällt dieser umweltschädliche Arbeitsgang vollständig weg.Since in the method according to the invention the fabric is dyed step by step and in layers only up to the desired color level and since this does not mean that a basic dyeing has to be washed out again, this environmentally harmful operation is completely eliminated.

Im Verhältnis zum Abriebgrad bekannter Techniken, in dem Schleifmittel den Waschvorgängen beigegeben werden, wird durch die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Bürstentechnik ein wesentlich höherer Weichheitsgrad erreicht, so daß das Gewebe vergleichsweise fließender wird.In relation to the degree of abrasion of known techniques in which abrasives are added to the washing processes, the brush technique on which the invention is based achieves a significantly higher degree of softness, so that the fabric becomes comparatively more fluid.

Im Verhältnis vergleichbarer Techniken herkömmlicher Art werden in bedeutender Weise Material-, Energie-, Arbeits- und Entsorgungskosten eingespart, so daß sich eine wesentliche Wettbewerbsverbesserung ergibt. Die Kostensituation im Entsorgungsbereich wird in Zukunft durch Gesetzentscheidungen noch ganz erheblich steigen, so daß sich zugunsten der Erfindung, die ja entsorgungsfrei ist, ein weiterer Wettbewerbsvorteil schon jetzt ankündigt.Material, energy, labor and disposal costs are significantly saved in the ratio of comparable conventional techniques, so that there is a significant improvement in competition. The cost situation in the waste disposal area will increase considerably in the future due to legislative decisions, so that a further competitive advantage is already being announced in favor of the invention, which is indeed waste-free.

Insbesondere ist es mit der erfindungemäßen Anordnung möglich, in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang verschieden farbige Textilien bzw. Bekleidungsstücke herzustellen.In particular, it is possible with the arrangement according to the invention to produce differently colored textiles or items of clothing in a single operation.

Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Bürstentechnik können auch empfindliche Materialien, wie z.B. Seide mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren mit verarbeitet werden, ohne daß diese, wie bei der Behandlung mit den bekannten Verfahren, beschädigt werden. Da die Mitverarbeitung dieser Stoffe bei den bekannten Verfahren nicht möglich ist, müssen diese nachträglich aufgenäht werden, was zu höheren Kosten führt und das homogene Farbbild der Bekleidungsstücke unterbricht.Due to the brush technology according to the invention, sensitive materials such as silk can also be processed with the method according to the invention without being damaged, as in the treatment with the known methods. Since it is not possible to process these substances in the known processes, they have to be sewn on later, which leads to higher costs and interrupts the homogeneous color image of the clothing.

Fig. 6 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform, bei welcher die Niederhalterwalzen 24 (vgl. Fig. 2) nicht als Borstenbürstenwalzen, sondern als Schwammwalzen ausgeführt sind. Diese bestehen aus einem schlauchförmigen Formstück 51, welches auf der zugehörigen Welle 50 durch Kleben oder dergleichen befestigt ist. Das schlauchförmige, aus Schwamm bestehende Formstück 51 kann hierbei unter Vorspannung auf der Welle 50 sitzen.6 shows a perspective view of a modified embodiment in which the hold-down rollers 24 (cf. FIG. 2) are not designed as bristle brush rollers but as sponge rollers. These consist of a tubular shaped piece 51, which is attached to the associated shaft 50 by gluing or the like. The tubular sponge shaped piece 51 can sit on the shaft 50 under pre-tension.

Die so gebildete Schwammwalze 52 dient in erster Linie nicht dem Verschleißen der zu behandelnden Textilstücke, sondern in der oben beschriebenen Weise einem Farbauftrag, wobei durch die Schwammwalzen 52 die Textilstücke abgequetscht und geknautscht werden, so daß im so erzeugten Faltenbereich es zu einem stärkeren Farbauftrag kommt.The sponge roller 52 thus formed serves primarily not to wear the textile pieces to be treated, but rather to apply paint in the manner described above, the textile pieces being squeezed and crumpled by the sponge rollers 52, so that a stronger ink application occurs in the fold area thus produced .

Die Welle 50 kann mehr oder weniger nah an das Förderband 9 bzw. an die vor- und nachgeschalteten Bürstenwalzen 1 nach oben, unten und zur Seite herangerückt werden, um die Identität des Farbauftrages und gegebenenfalls die spätere Auflösung der Kontur in der gewünschten Weise zu beeinflussen. Hierzu sind entsprechende Verstelleinrichtungen für die Welle 50 vorgesehen.The shaft 50 can be moved more or less close to the conveyor belt 9 or to the upstream and downstream brush rollers 1 upwards, downwards and to the side in order to influence the identity of the paint application and possibly the subsequent resolution of the contour in the desired manner . Corresponding adjustment devices for the shaft 50 are provided for this.

Neben der Befestigung durch Kleben auf der Welle 50 kann der schlauchförmige Schaumüberzug 51 auch durch ein Netz 53 abgedeckt und auf der Welle 50 befestigt sein, wobei das Netz, wie dargestellt, großmaschig ausgebildet sein kann, so daß die einzelnen Maschen 54 sich auf der Oberfläche der Schwammwalze 52 abbilden. Zum Zwecke der Befestigung kann, wie dargestellt, das Netz 53 in Richtung der Pfeile 55 um die Schwammwalze 52 herumgeführt sein, wobei sich die freien Enden 56 des Netzes 53 überlappen.In addition to the attachment by gluing to the shaft 50, the tubular foam covering 51 can also be covered by a net 53 and fastened on the shaft 50, the net, as shown, can be of large mesh so that the individual meshes 54 are on the surface map the sponge roller 52. For the purpose of fastening, as shown, the net 53 can be guided around the sponge roller 52 in the direction of the arrows 55, the free ends 56 of the net 53 overlapping.

Ferner können, wie aus Fig. 6 weiter hervorgeht, bestimmte vorgeformte Muster 57 körperlich aufgebracht werden, was durch Klebung oder aber dadurch geschehen kann, daß das Netz 53 gleichzeitig diese Muster mit festhält. Im letzteren Fall würde neben dem Muster 57 sich die Abbildung der Maschen 54 auf der Schwammwalze 52 wiederfinden. Das Muster 57 kann aus einem Textil, einem flexiblen Kunststoff oder auch aus einem flexiblen Metallmaterial bestehen.Furthermore, as can further be seen from FIG. 6, certain preformed patterns 57 can be physically applied, which can be done by gluing or by the fact that the net 53 simultaneously holds these patterns. In the latter case, the pattern of the meshes 54 would be found on the sponge roller 52 in addition to the pattern 57. The pattern 57 can consist of a textile, a flexible plastic or also of a flexible metal material.

Anstelle der Auflagerung auf die Außenfläche des zylindrischen Schwammstückes 51 können negative Ausfräsungen oder Eindrücke in die Oberfläche des Schwammwalzenschlauches 51 vorgenommen sein, weil solche Vertiefungen ebenfalls die Musterkonturen abbilden.Instead of the bearing on the outer surface of the cylindrical sponge piece 51, negative millings or impressions can be made in the surface of the sponge roller hose 51, because such depressions also depict the pattern contours.

Claims (50)

  1. A process for dyeing textiles, wherein the surfaces of the textiles are dyed and in addition are mechanically worked in such a way that wear phenomena occur and that the fabric softens, characterised in that the textiles are acted upon continuously as finished pieces or piece goods by the brush ends of brushes with a dyeing liquor with a very low dye content of the order of about 0.01 to 0.05 g/l and are simultaneously mechanically worked by the brushes.
  2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the textile pieces are impregnated with the dyeing liquor to such an extent that the coloration is also reproduced on the side of the textiles remote from the brushes.
  3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the dyeing liquor is acted upon by steam.
  4. A process according to claim 3, characterised in that the steam is wet steam at a temperature of about 100° to 120°C.
  5. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that surplus portions of the dyeing liquor which find their way past the textile pieces are captured and recycled to the dyeing liquor.
  6. An apparatus for carrying out the process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a plurality of rotating, driven brushes (1) is provided, which brushes act on the textile pieces (45) with the dyeing liquor and simultaneously effect mechanical working.
  7. An apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the apparatus consists of a row of horizontally disposed receiver vessels (2) for the dyeing liquor, which are provided with separate outlet channels (3) which are oriented towards the bristles of the brushes (1) rotatably disposed below the vessels (2).
  8. An apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that at least one conveyor belt (9), on which the textile pieces are supported and which is seated under an initial stress against the bristles of the brushes, circulates continuously underneath the brushes (1).
  9. An apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that the conveyor belt (9) consists of a resilient material provided with openings.
  10. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that a receiver trough (13) for receiving surplus dyeing liquor is disposed underneath the conveyor belt (9).
  11. An apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the conveyor belt (9) consists of rubber, particularly of rubber reinforced with textile fibres.
  12. An apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterised in that the apparatus is fashioned so that the front and back sides of the textile pieces can be worked in the same manner in one operating cycle.
  13. An apparatus according to claim 12, characterised in that a deflection apparatus is provided, as is a second conveyor belt (19) disposed underneath the first one (9), which second conveyor belt is also acted upon by brushes (8) which operate above the second conveyor belt (19).
  14. An apparatus according to claim 13, characterised in that the deflection apparatus consists of a guide plate (14) which guides the textile pieces to the second conveyor belt (19).
  15. An apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterised in that the individual receiver vessels (2) are connected at their outlets to at least one steam line (21).
  16. An apparatus according to claim 15, characterised in that the feed channel (3) for feeding the dyeing liquor to the brushes (1) simultaneously feeds the steam also.
  17. An apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 16, characterised in that at least one compressed air line (22) is disposed in the individual receiver vessels (2) for the dyeing liquor and has discharge openings facing the interior space of the individual receiver vessels (2).
  18. An apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 17, characterised in that the feed channels (3) for the dyeing liquor can be shut off individually.
  19. An apparatus according to claim 18, characterised in that shut-off valves (4) are disposed in the immediate vicinity of the surfaces of the brushes (1).
  20. An apparatus according to claim 19, characterised in that the feed channels (3) are provided with a bypass (5) which feeds the dyeing liquor past the valves (4) to the second row of working brushes (8) associated with the second conveyor belt (19).
  21. An apparatus according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterised in that steam is supplied to the brushes (1) by means of a steam nozzle (23) in the region of the guide plate (14) before the backs of the textile pieces are worked.
  22. An apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 21, characterised in that dyeing liquors of different intensity and/or different coloration are provided in the individual receiver vessels (2) and/or that different amounts of the dyeing liquor reach the brushes (1, 8).
  23. An apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 22, characterised in that the receiver vessels (2) can be heated, and that the temperatures in the individual receiver vessels (2) are different.
  24. An apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 23, characterised in that the distance from the axes or shafts of the brushes (1, 8) to the conveyor belts (9, 19) is adjustable.
  25. An apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 24, characterised in that all the brushes (1, 8; 24, 25) are provided with a common drive, for example a chain drive (29, 30; 31, 32).
  26. An apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 25, characterised in that intermediate brushes (24), which have a reduced diameter and which do not necessarily serve for the application of the dye, are disposed between main brushes (1, 8) with relatively large diameters.
  27. An apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 26, characterised in that the conveyor belts (9, 19) are subdivided.
  28. An apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 27, characterised in that the brushes (1, 8; 24, 25) operate at different speeds.
  29. An apparatus according to any one of claims 26 to 28, characterised in that additional intermediate brushes (25) are provided, which rotate in the opposite direction to the main brushes (1, 8) which determine the direction of transport.
  30. An apparatus according to any one of claims 26 to 29, characterised in that a further addition of brushes (24) in each row of brushes is employed as a holding-down device acting on the textile pieces.
  31. An apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention according to any one of claims 6 to 30, characterised in that a feed device (40) is provided, by means of which the dye particles are fed via dye nozzles and under the simultaneous action of pressure to the circulating brushes (8, 24) and/or to the textiles (45) to be processed.
  32. An apparatus according to claim 31, characterised in that the feed device (40) comprises a plurality of steam nozzles (41) and at least one feed line (42, 43) for the supply of heating steam and/or wet steam to the steam nozzles (41).
  33. An apparatus according to claim 31 or 32, characterised in that the dye nozzles (44) are acted upon by a compressed air line and/or by the steam lines (42, 43).
  34. An apparatus according to claim 33, characterised in that the compressed air line is associated with one of the vessels containing the dye and has the form of a venturi tube for the withdrawal of dye particles there.
  35. An apparatus according to any one of claims 31 to 34, characterised in that a plurality of feed devices is provided, which are disposed side by side and which act upon about 15 controllable and adjustable brush systems (8, 24).
  36. An apparatus according to claim 30, characterised in that the holding-down brushes (24) are constructed as sponge roller brushes (52) which consist of a flexible cylindrical tubular shaped part (51) mounted on a shaft (50) and firmly attached to the shaft (50) by adhesive bonding or the like.
  37. An apparatus according to claim 36, characterised in that the positions of the sponge roller brushes (52) can be adjusted forwards, backwards, up or down in relation to the adjacent bristle brushes (1, 25).
  38. An apparatus according to claim 37, characterised in that the shafts (50) supporting the sponge coatings (51) are height-adjustable in relation to the surface of the conveyor belt (9).
  39. An apparatus according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterised in that bristle brushes (1, 25) which break up again the outline produced by the sponges (51), are disposed downstream of the sponge roller brushes (52).
  40. An apparatus according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterised in that the sponge roller brushes (52) operate in the opposite direction to the adjacent bristle brushes (1, 25).
  41. An apparatus according to any one of claims 36 to 40, characterised in that, instead of the conveyor belt (9), the textile pieces are guided along a smooth flat sliding surface by means of the brushes, wherein their forward feed is effected by the main brushes (1) acting in the direction of forward feed.
  42. An apparatus according to claim 41, characterised in that the forward feed of the textile pieces is effected by means of the main forward feed due to the main brushes in the opposite direction to that due to the brushes such as the sponge rollers (52) which act in the opposite direction.
  43. An apparatus according to claim 41 or 42, characterised in that the sliding surface consists of a polished stainless steel, a wear-resistant plastic or the like.
  44. An apparatus according to any one of claims 41 to 43, characterised in that the sliding surface is provided with downwardly facing openings for the recovery of dye, through which the surplus dye or the surplus dye material (the dyeing liquor) can drain off and be captured.
  45. An apparatus according to claim 44, characterised in that the drained-off dyeing liquor is introduced again into the dyeing liquor vessels (2) in the upper region of the apparatus.
  46. An apparatus according to any one of claims 36 to 45, characterised in that patterning components (57) are physically applied to the surface of the sponge roller brush (52) by adhesive bonding or the like.
  47. An apparatus according to any one of claims 36 to 46, characterised in that a net (53) is passed over the entire sponge roller brush (52), which net, amongst other functions, secures the patterning components (57) to the surface of the sponge coating (51).
  48. An apparatus according to claim 46 or 47, characterised in that the patterning piece (57) consists of a textile, a flexible plastic, or also of a flexible metallic material.
  49. An apparatus according to claim 46, characterised in that indentations which form the pattern contours are provided, by means of counter-sinkings for example, in the surface of the sponge roller brushes (52).
  50. An apparatus according to claim 47, characterised in that the net (53) drawn over the patterning pieces (57) and the sponge brushes (52) is a coarse-meshed textile material, the mesh (54) of which is reproduced as a pattern on the textile piece to be dyed.
EP91109372A 1990-06-13 1991-06-07 Process and device for dyeing textiles Expired - Lifetime EP0462462B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4018835 1990-06-13
DE4018835A DE4018835A1 (en) 1990-06-13 1990-06-13 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COLORING TEXTILES

Publications (2)

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EP0462462A1 EP0462462A1 (en) 1991-12-27
EP0462462B1 true EP0462462B1 (en) 1994-08-10

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EP91109372A Expired - Lifetime EP0462462B1 (en) 1990-06-13 1991-06-07 Process and device for dyeing textiles

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US (1) US5195202A (en)
EP (1) EP0462462B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE109841T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4018835A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0462462T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2062616T3 (en)

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CN108950937A (en) * 2018-07-20 2018-12-07 绍兴绍恩机械有限公司 A kind of high-efficiency washing and filter cloth hair mechanism

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Publication number Publication date
DK0462462T3 (en) 1994-09-26
ATE109841T1 (en) 1994-08-15
DE4018835A1 (en) 1991-12-19
DE59102475D1 (en) 1994-09-15
US5195202A (en) 1993-03-23
ES2062616T3 (en) 1994-12-16
EP0462462A1 (en) 1991-12-27

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